^  ^ 

'^T^..-' 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


/q 

^  «*% 


1.0 


1.1 


WUt- 

!L8 


L25    |||.4_  1 1.6 
^=    ll=s  i^ 

^ 

6"     

► 

Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


23  WIST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  MSBO 

(716)872.4503 


5?     ^& 


.%^ 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHIVi/iCMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiquas 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  ^^otas/Notas  tachniquaa  at  bibliographiquaa 


Tha  Inatituta  haa  anamptad  to  obtain  tha  baat 
original  copy  av.iilabla  for  filming.  Faaturac  of  thia 
copy  which  msi^  ba  bibiiographically  uniqua. 
which  may  ahar  any  of  tha  imagaa  in  tha 
raproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  changa 
tha  uauai  n  athod  of  filming,  ara  chacltad  balow. 


□    Colourad  covara/ 
Couvarture  da  coulaur 


r~~|   Covara  damagad/ 


Couvartura  andommagia 


□   Covara  rastorad  and'nr  laminatad/ 
Couvartura  raataurte  at/ou  pallicuMa 


D 


Covar  titia  miaaing/ 

La  titra  da  couvartura  manqua 


I — I   Colourad  mapa/ 


D 


Cartaa  gAographiquaa  w*  coulaur 


Colourad  ink  (i.a.  othar  than  blua  or  black)/ 
Encra  da  coulaur  (i.a.  autra  qua  blaua  ou  noira) 


I — I   Colourad  plataa  and/or  illuctrations/ 


0 
D 


D 


B' 


Planchea  at/ou  iiluatrationa  m\  coulaur 

Bound  with  othar  matarial/ 
Rail*  avac  d'autras  docuriianta 

Tight  binding  may  cauaa  shadowa  or  distortion 
along  intarior  margin/ 

La  rs  liura  sarria  paut  cauaar  da  I'ombra  ou  da  la 
diatorsion  la  long  da  ia  marge  irvtAriaura 

Blank  laavas  addad  during  rastoration  may 
appaar  within  tha  taxt.  Whanavar  possibia,  thaaa 
havi  baan  omittad  from  filming/ 
II  sa  paut  qua  cartainaa  pagas  blanchaa  ajoutiaa 
lors  d'una  rastauration  apparaiaaant  dana  la  taxta, 
maia.  lorsqua  cala  Mait  poaaibia,  caa  pagaa  n'ont 
paa  iti  filmiaa. 

Additional  commanta:/ 
Commantairaa  suppiimantairaa: 


Tha 
toth 


L'Inatitut  a  microfilm*  la  maillaur  examplaira 
qu'il  lui  a  iti  possibia  da  sa  procurer.  Las  details 
da  cat  axamplaira  qui  sont  peut-dtra  uniquas  du 
point  da  vua  bibliographiqua,  qui  pauvent  modifier 
una  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  mAthoda  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiqute  ci-dessous. 


r~~|   Coloured  pages/ 


Pagaa  da  coulaur 

Pagaa  damaged/ 
Pagaa  endommagtes 

Pages  restorad  and/oi 

Pagaa  reataurAas  at/ou  pallicuites 


r^r  Pagaa  damaged/ 

r~-\   Pages  reatorad  and/or  laminated/ 


n    Pagaa  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages  d6colories.  tacheties  ou  piquies 


Tha 
poai 
oftf 
filml 


Orig 
bag! 
thai 
aion 
oths 
firat 
aion 
or  ill 


Pagas  detached/ 
Pages  ditachies 


rrpf  Showthrough/ 
{-Lj   Transparence 

□    Quality  of  print  varies/ 
Qualiti  inigaia  da  ('impression 

□   Includes  supplementary  material/ 
Comprand  du  material  suppiimantaira 

□   Only  edition  available/ 
Saula  Mition  disponible 


D 


Tha 
ahal 
TINI 
whi< 

Mat 
diff4 
antii 
bagi 
righ 
raqi 
mat 


Pagaa  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Lea  pagaa  totaiement  ou  partiallement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuiilet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  M  filmtes  A  nouveau  de  faqon  i 
obtenir  la  maiileure  image  possible. 


FIRST  MAP  IS  BADLY  TORN. 


This  Item  is  filmed  at  t'le  leduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ca  document  est  film*  au  taux  de  reduction  indiquA  ci-deaaoua. 


10X 

14X 

18X 

22X 

26X 

»x 

y 

12X 


16X 


20X 


24X 


28X 


32X 


The  copy  filmed  hare  has  baan  raproduead  thanks 
to  tha  ganarosity  of: 

Metropolitan  Toronto  Library 
Scianca  &  Technology  Department 


L'axamplaira  filmA  fut  raproduit  grAca  k  la 
ginirositA  da: 

Metropolitan  Toromo  Library 
Science  &  Technology  nepartmant 


Tha  imagas  appearing  hare  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  Iceeping  with  the 
filming  contract  spacificationa. 


Las  images  sulvantes  ont  M  reproduites  avec  la 
plus  grand  soin.  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  et 
de  la  nattet*  de  rexempiaira  fllmi,  at  an 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  da 
fiimage. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covera  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  Impres- 
sion, or  the  bacic  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copiae  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impree- 
sion.  and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impreaeion. 


Les  exemplalres  originaux  dont  la  couverture  an 
papier  est  ImprimAe  sont  filmAs  en  commen^ant 
par  la  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  solt  par  la 
darnlAre  page  oul  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impreasion  ou  d'illustration.  solt  par  la  second 
plat,  salon  le  cas.  Tous  las  autres  axemplairas 
originaux  sont  f  limAs  mn  commen^ant  par  la 
pramlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impreasion  ou  d'illustration  at  an  terminant  par 
la  darniAre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 


The  last  recorded  frame  ol^each  microfiche 
shall  contain  tha  symbol  — ^  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  tha  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 


Un  dee  symboies  suivants  apparaltra  sur  la 
darnlAre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbols  -^  signifie  "A  SUIVRE".  le 
symbols  V  signifie  "FIN". 


Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  In  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  aa  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc..  peuvent  Atre 
filmte  A  des  taux  de  rMuction  diff6rents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  Atre 
reproduit  en  un  soul  clich6,  ii  est  filmA  A  partir 
de  I'angia  supArieur  gauche,  de  gauche  it  droita. 
at  de  haut  an  bas.  en  prenant  le  nombr« 
d'imagas  nAcessaire.  Las  diagrammas  suivants 
illustrent  la  mAthoda. 


1  2  3 


1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

'.If 


ll       I 


I         ^v 


SMITHSONIAN  CONTlillUTIONS  TO   K  NOW  I.KDO  K 

l;n3 


rilYSICAL    OBSEHYATIOXS 


A  It  (J  T  I  ('      s  i;  A  s. 


i;^' 


ISAAC    I.    IIAVKS.   M.lt 


ivpi  \Mil\<.    lAI'l  I'l  1  I"V 


M.Mii;  hn  tmk  \vi;st  cmvst  or  nohtii  (M'.p.kni.anm.  tiii:  viri\i-i\  ni'  -miih  <Ti;\ir 
AMI  Tin;  \vi>T  .<nii;  oi-  ki;nni:iiy  i;iia.nn!:i.,  m  i;iNii  i-m  anm  i-m 


i;i:iiict;ii  ash  ihmm  .~-i;ii 
Ai'  Tin:  i:Mi.N.-i:  nr  iiii:  .-mitu.-iima.n  iN,~nri  no\. 


{'  11  A  it  I,  lis    A.    SC  IIOTT. 

Ml.  Mil.    AM,    l-llll,     Mil-.    lllll.VOl.l.l  111  \  ;     A^-'l^l  AM    ;       .-;.    I  i'A>l    St  H\  V.\ . 


K  I*  I  I-  I.   I  ..  i;    I'  I   it  1  1 1   \  \  i>>\     Ml;  i;  I    \  \:  \      I  '■(',:,    j 


7S 


/  I 


^  II  ()  \\  I  .\  (I    III  |,. 

"'«<'>Vi;iil|.:s     T,(,V,KS    vx„   si-,!vi;vs 

<»|'     I  II  i; 

^'i<'ii<'  i:.\i'i.()Hi.\(;  i:\i'i:i)iri,,.x 

'"•'    I'Xio    AM)    1,'Uii 
'.  I.IIAVI.S     M.I). 

<  ■  <>  M  .M  A  .\  I )  I  x  c. 

-—    .•-,,„.:,•,■,:„    .•.oMK,:v,s,:o..vn.:,M.u.s  „,..■.>.,:,.    .,., 
■'•'":    SAIIT||S,,MA.N     IXSTCnilo.X 


u.- 


I!>- 


V 


'   llAI.'l.iiS    A.  sciior  j- 


S' 


*..„„, 


.V 


■' Miv   i;;,;:, 


0 


S,-;,|. 


So-; 


79", 


/  / 


'""111,1 

•"■;.  «w 


r 


.^'•■"'-  '■' 


f.hrnh,     /''f* 


.1/.     (■  /     I'tin^v 


:^s 


T  I  () \ 


i  ^I'of'  ".■/,..«,■ 


i:i)    i'(ii( 


V   ^ 

3rni'r--  "''  /■•■'I 

ffrrfi 

/y,^ 

c    -Sr,,/../.'  /'.'*.■ 

^^ *■"" 

■^r 

-' 

91 


,.,,,/     /.'r//,-;        /.-.a 


/ 


/  ,,,„„,,,    / 


;"■  l.'i.v. 


S' 


*■".-,    ;,■.„■ 


V 


■sn^),  ,,,„■  /  ,,,„  /,•„,/, 


I 


..%  >'■..,•■■'•■" 


,;::- 


~-^.,,..V.V,„ 


/%,,„„„„„ 


^ 

4  li->~-C'~^^  ';■>.        ''"■""■-  '■'/"■'■ 


-    N 


\ 


~v 


1 

i!l 

1-  -w,,,,., 

i'f 

'■""'•■■r,f„„.„ 

1  • 

' 

--'^'f 

'  ''f'tfi,- 

1" 

76 

75 

74 

W.  11 

7; 

.■■■..ivi.l. 

72- 

71 

\lSfe. 

iir 

is— 

■  *— 

**'            -         . 

. 

J--:i     t.,      !l     -     /(., 


HI  iO 


I'll  II.  1  iii;t,  CMi  r  I 


ii'l.ll.vs.  I'i:iMi. 


I':  :■•-■  iw.m;  sti;i;i:t. 


CO  NT  F  NTS. 


l\TI(iilll  cTliiN 


Paiit    I.  — ASTItONOMICA  I,    ()  I!  S  i:  1!  V  A  T  l(t  N  S 


liilrndiictorv  tvniarks    ..... 
.Niilc  (III  rnliictiiiM  of  iistrniioniiral  nb.-icrvntioiia 
(iiMi^'rniiliicul  iiosiliiiiis,  rt'cciril,  niiil  results 
Oli.-ci'vniiiiiis  for  Intiludf  (if  I'urt  Fmilki',  Siiiiili  Strnii 
OIixTviiiidiis  fdi'  |(iii;_'iliiilc  (if  I'lirt  [•'uiilkc,  .'^iiiiili  Siniii 
(Jcdjri'aiiliiciil  po-^iliiiMs,  r(jiitiiiiU'(.l 
Survey  of  Smitli  Slniit  .... 


(ii'dftniiiliical  iid.^itioii^,  coiitiinud         .... 
I'i'IkIuIiiiii  cNiioriiiii'iits,  llurvnrd  Oliscrvatdi'v,  Caiiiliridirc,  .Ma.-sacliu? 
I-'driimla'  and  iiiclliod  nf  rcdiiclidii         .... 
(>li-(T\  alidiis  fur  Ideal  time,  I'dTl  Foiilku  ... 

rendiiluiii  t'.xiierliiieiits,  Port  Fuulkc    .... 
Jieariiij;  of  |ieiiduluiii  experiiiieiils  on  tlie  value  of  the  earth's  edinjirc- 
Jlhlstraled  liy  a  larire  track  chart,  .-■hdwiii;.'  the  rciridii  df  I'r. 

f.\|ii(irati(iMs,  newly  (.•iHi.-ti'ucl(;d  fnim  addiliuiial  materials 

ill  ISfil)  and  ISfil 
Also  illuslrated  liy  a   sinallei'  chart  of  tlie  viciiiily  of  rurl    Fi 

])!•.  Ila 


, 

I 

2 

• 

10 

elt.s 

• 

.-idU 

, 

i;s 

Kane's  and   l>r. 

Hayes' 

Cdllecled  liy  Hr 

Hayes 

T,n< 

/■":/'• 

dulkc,  IVdiu  .-iir 

■cy~   liy 

lu 

11  vc- 


I'AUT   II.  — MAtiXKTIC    ()I!.<FI!  VATIOXS. 

Inlrodiietory  remarks    .... 
nilVerenlial  deellnatidii  oliservalions  at  I'ort  Foiilke 
Diurnal  variation  of  declination 
Pelerinination  of  inaftnetie  deelinntioiis 
I>elerniination  of  maf^iictie  intensities. 
Iielerniinatidn  of  inat;'netie  inelinalion  . 
Iicniarks  on  the  aurora  lidrealis 

llliLstrated  with  a  diagram  of  tla^  diurnal  varialidii  and  a  (diarl   ■■lidwiiiir  the  i- 
iietie  linc.s  for  the  vifinilv  of  .Smith  Sliait  .  .  .  . 


I'.\UT  III  — TIKAIi  OI'.SFi:  VATIOV.S. 


fieneral  aeeoniit  of  iili.<ervalions  and  descri|itioii  of  'jan^ 
Iteeord  of  oliservalions  .... 

l)('lerniilialioll  of  the  inean  level  nf  the  sen 


"I 

H.t 

Ik' 


Hi; 
1.;.' 


!i| 


11 


(  iii   ) 


Iv 


T.\  I!  I.  i;   <»!■    CO  NTi;  N  TS. 


iliiy 


\'lirillliiill   ill  III!'  IMI'ilM   Icvrl  (li|irlMlill'-'  "M  till'   l;ii"i|i'-  i|ri'lili:|l  iiili 
MtVn'l  111'  clmniri'S  df  illllin-|i|iiTir  |irr.--ill('  mi  ihc  liihil  livrl 

I'llVl'I'l    ClI'    Ihc    Willll    ll|lil|l    llll'    llll'llll    ll'M'l    III'    till'    M'll 

(Jriirnil  tiiMi'  III'  kIi^i'I'vi'iI  tinn"4  mill  lii'l^ilil-i  nl'  liiu'li  mill  Inw  wulir^ 
liiiir-lllniiljily  il|i'i|llillity  ill  tillli'  mill  lir|;jlll 

Dll'irl  111'  clliltllfr-i  III'  llir  llllllll'  |illl'llllllX  nil  lllr   Illlll'-IIH  ml  Illy   il|i'i|ilil  lilV 
lilVi'i't  iir  rliiiiiL''i'S  III'  till'  iiiiiiiii's  ili'i'liiiiiliiiii  nil  till'  IniH-iiMiiillily  iiiri{i 
liivi'>li'_'iiliiiii  111'  till'  iliiii'Niil  iiii'i|iiiilily  in  liii'/lil  mill  linn' 
Si'imi'iiliiiii  111'  till'  illiii'iiiil  mill  M'liii-iliiiriiiil  wum'- 

llivc-liirilliiill  llf  lllr  riil'lll  111'   till'  liik'  WllM'iJ 

I'l'iiLi-i'i-.- Ill'  till' liili' tlii'iiii'uli  li:illiii  r.iiy 
AsiniL'r  ili'|iili  of  piivis  Strait,  Htilliii  I'liy,  mnl  Siiiiili  Sirait 
lllii>iriiinl  wiili  -i\  \viiii(|-rms  mill  tlini'  |iIm1i> 

I'Aiir  n' _M  i:i'i:(>i:«>  i.oii  i('.\  I,  ousi:! 

(iriliTllI  1'riiim-|i.-i 

'J'liiiprrnhii'i;  11/  I'm-I  /•'n/'i'/ .■  ( lilii-li'iiliMii^  I 

('iiiii|iiiriMiii  III'  tliiTinuiiictci's  mill  I'cninl  nf  uliiiiis|ilii'i'|i'  Ii'iii|ii'i'nliii'i' 
hiiily  till  nil  lt'in|M'i'iitiii'i'  ... 

Aiiiiiiiil  lliu'liinliiiii  111'  till'  |i'iii|ii'i'nliiri'  nl'  llin  iiir 

Piili'Miil  lliii'tiiiitiiiii  III'  till'  l('lii|iii'nliii'i'  III'  tl ii' 

Sii|i|iii>nl  i|r|ii'iii|i'iii'r  iif  till'  wiiilir  trln|ii'i'n I iii'i'  nil  till'  liiiini'  |ilin-i-i 
ili'lnliiiii  lit'  llll'  nlnni-iiliiTii'  linii|iii'ii|iiiT  t,i  il,,..  iMncii,,!,  ,,|'  tj,,.  wjinl 
l';il'i'('t  111'  II  I'lill  (if  snow  (ill'  I'liiii)  nil  till'  l(iii|iii'iiliiri'    . 
I'lll'i'i't  III'  rli'iir  mill  cliiiiily  wrnlliir  mi  llir  liiii|ii'rntin'ii 
(lli-iTvntimis  111'  lllr  ijiiTit  lii'niinij- piiurr  (if  llll'  >iiii     . 
()li,-i'i'\iilimis  dl'  tciii|iii';itiii'i'  iiinilc  liy  I>i',   llnyr-  mi  lii<  iinrllii'i-ii  jmn 


Miiiu.-'l.h  rir  fri'ssurr,  til  I'url  I'mllr  ( Illn^irjuimi^  I,  "i, 

I! I'll  111'  liiirmni'ti'ir  olisi'i'viitinii-i        .... 

Iiiiiriiiil  lliirtiinlimi  nf  tlir  nliini>|iiii'rii'  iii'i'>-iiri' 

Aiiiiiinl  lliii'tiiiitimi  llf  till' uliiiiis|ili('ri(' |ii'i'ssiiri' 

.■Mt'iiii  ntlii'i-|ilim'ii'  iii'issiii'c  lit  till'  sen  Icvrl 

Mniitlily  mill  niiiiiinl  ixtri'iius  nl'  |in'.<>iiri' 

iii'liilimi  nf  till'  n1inii>i,lici'ir  )in'-siiiT  In  ilic  ilirn'ilmi  uf  ilin  wiml 

rnirniiii'trii'  iisrilliiliiiii.-i  iliiriiiiT  .~tni'iii,-   . 

Null'  nil  !iliiin-|ilu'i'i('  iiniisliirc  ,  ... 


V.\  I'IDNS. 


•J.  ::) 


III) 
III 
ii:; 
III; 
l.-ij 
l.'ii 
i;i.-i 

I, Ml 

n;l 
li;j 
ii);i 
ir.l 


li;7 


ICS 

177 

\1^ 

l^2 

l-M'i 

1m; 

ISS 

l^'.l 

I'.MI 

I'.lj 

nil 

'.Ms 

k)  1 11 

'J  I'll 

•J:>1 

ll'/(/(/,  III  I'nrt  Fuiilh: 

ili'i'nrd  llf  wiuil.  (lii'i'climi  mnl  fniTi'      ... 
-Mfllniil  nf  fi'ilui'tinii  mnl  result  inn'  ilii'ci'tinns  . 
Ki'Intive  fi'('i|iii'iK'y  nf  cm-li  uiml  mnl  nf  mlni^  . 

Avi'i'iiL'C  Vfliii'ily  nf  wiml  ..... 

Oi-ciii'i'i'iii'O  ami  (hu'iitimi  >\\  ^lnl■llls       .... 

Al'ri:\|il.\,  cniitniiiiii!,'  a  ri'i'nnl  nf  tlm  weallirr  mnl  ini-rcllaiii'inis  iiolii 


_'.i.i 
ii:!7 


J,  I  Si   0  1     ILUSIIJATMiNS 


I'  I.  A  r  i: 


I  — CliiiM,  -hdWiriL'  llii  ili-i'iivi'i'ii'>.  iiMik-.  Jinl  -iir\r\-iir  ilii'  Ai'iiii  i:\|i|niiiii.r  |';\|M  chill. II 
111'  l"«t;o  mill  l>>i;l:  I  I  lliivc,-,  M.  It,  I'liiiNiiMiiiliii'.'  Niwli  |iri.|i  iinj  hom  rivl-nl 
IIKlllliul-,   till'   till'   Sjiijlli-iillillll    lll-liHUiiill,    li_V  Cluirlr-  A     Sill. .11         .'^r;l|r    I    .    I  ,  Jllll.llHII 

7W/,    I..,.;, 

J — Cliiirl,  ^llllwlllL'  till'  viriiiily  iif  I'lii-I   [".iiilki',  llic  HiiiliT-i|ii;irli'r-  in  iMUiiiml  |>i;|  .,f  iK.. 

Aivlic   l';\|iliirliii.'   Iv\|irililiiiii  111'  l»i'.    I.    I.    Iliiyr-.      liiilii I  imil    |ir.i|riiii|   Ir.iin  ilir 

orl),'iiml  cliiii'l  I'lji' llii' SiiiilliMiiiiim  Iii'liliillnii,  li_v  Clinrli'.- A   Silmll       Snilr  I  ;  |;ii,imiii         711 

:!. — Cliiirl  iif  lsii-limij|licllc  llllP^  III  till'  viriiiilv  i.r  Siiiilir-  Slniil       I'mi  iniili  i|  Im-  llir  .^iiiilii 

.siiiiliiii  liisiltiiliDii  Mai'rli,  |st;:i  ilj 

■I. — I.   First  si'i'ifs  iif  tiili's  lit   I'lii't    {■"iiiillir,    N.ivriiil.i  !■  Mini   111  ri'iiilii  r,   l^i'.ii;    iiiiil  rir.inil 

fcrli'j  of  lilies  111   i'lii-l   l''iiiilkr,  .liiiir  iuicl  ,liilv,  Im;I  .  .  .  .        nil 


-II,    Sn-iiiul  M-rii'>  Iif  tiili',- ill  i'lii'i  l''iiiillvr,  .liiiir  iiihI  .IiiK .  |sr,|  (rMiiiiiini'ili 


nil 


I'l. — III.    I'lirt    h'liiilki' tlili>.     Sr|iiir;itiim  .if  tin'  iliiiiiiiil  iiii.l  .-.  miiliiiiii.il  wim -.  N'.ivi'iiiln  r 

mill  Kcriiulni-,  l!>i(;o  hit 


\\  o  0  lie  r  I'  .-^ 


I'l'llllllllllll  llsril   ill  l'X|li'rilllrllts 

hiiu'iiiil  variutiiiii  III'  iiiiiLMii'tli' ili'i'liiiiiiliiii  In  wiiiliT  iil  I'm'l  Kmilki' 
'Piili'  ^'luige  iisoil  lit  I'ori  FiiulkL'  .... 

niiigrnm  .~liowiii}^  rorm  of  tide  wiux'  (murki'il  .\ ) 
IIiill'-iiiDiiliily  iiici|iiiilily  ill  tiiiR'  of  tides  iit  I'oft  I'milki'  (iiKiikr.l  I!) 
lliiir-liiiiiillily  iiiii|iiality  in  liciu-lit  nf  liiirs  (iiiiiiknl  (') 
('.iiiilicisiliiiu  of  wuvcs  (iiiurki'd  l>),  Novi'iulicr  .'ill  iiiid  lU'i  tiiiImt  s 
Cotidal  chart  of  tliu  Wist  (Jrcciilaiid  seas  (luafked  V.) 
Aiiiiual  lliirtiiatioii  of  tlic  tfiiipiTatiirt;  of  tlif  air  ul  I'liit  fi.'ilkr 
.Aiiii'.ial  iiic(|iialily  in  the  diiinial  aiiiplitiidi'  nf  llir  triii|iii':iiinv  al  I'nrt  I'milk 
niiiriial  lliirtuatioii  of  llu'  triii|ici'ami'i' ;  liiraii  aiiiiuiil  miIih' 
niiii'iiiil  lliiiMiiiiliiiii  of  I'k' atiii.is|iliiTii' prr.'Siirr 

Oscillaliuii  of  lliu  baroluelrir  coiLiiiiii  diirini.'  -lnnu-      Novniilirr  '.'.  lo,  1m;ii 
"  "  "  ••  I'lliniiirv  III,  I  si;  I 

"  "  '<  "  Ainil  17,  I -I'll 


ii!) 
M 
11:. 
l;!2 
II'.) 
I.M 
I  I'll) 

K-.a 

HI 

Ho 

I  Ma 
217 
220 
220 
221 


'it  1 


in 


(  y  ) 


I  ,\  i  I!  (»  II  I    (    I'  I  (»  N 


Till.  iili.(  i\  III  iuii^  III'  \\  III!  Ii  I  In    I'll  ni'il  anil  |i  >iill-  .III    L.'i\i  II  ill  I  III    I'lilliiNN  in:;  |i  I'jis 
mil'  iiiiiiir  (ill  I'll  I  ^  till'  r\|ii  liitiiiii  tn  tin   A  let  If  ii  u'i'Mi^  in  I'^iill-lil.  iimli  r  lln   i  mii 

IM'..       'I'lir    |>|'iliri|i;il    iiliJrcN    ul'   tlii~    r\|M(lil  inn    Wi  ir    tii 


llllllll 


I   of    1)1.    |>:,in     I.    II; 


i'Mi'IkI  till'  I  \|i|iii'iitiiiii  ul'  Dr.  Kaiii'  lnw,  iiN  llir  imrlli.  iiinl  In  iiiiiIm'  ^m  h  nlisirxa- 
liiin-  lit'  a  M  ii'iititir  ( liiiractrr  us  iniylit  |i ml  In  iin  irii'X'  llir  I'si^liiii;  knin\lrili.'''  "• 
till'  IMl^^i('al  ( i('u:;raip|iy,  .Mrlcornlu^v,  mid  Natni'iil  Ili-lni'V  n|'  llir  rr;,'i"ii  wiiliin 
llir  Arctic  circle  im  linliiiLt  llic  c(ia'-t>  ami  i^laiiiN  mi  liiln  r  -idi'  nl'  Sinitli's  Stiail^, 

'llir    illi  I  litidll,  nl'I^alli/.atiun,   ami    ci|l|ilill|i  lit    nl'   tllr    I'Sjn  dilinll   \\i  it   dllr    In    Mil' 

I  I  Id':,')  ill  id  jM  i'>i'\crain  ('  nl'  Dr,  I  laM  ^.  w  liu  >iicci  cdi  d  in  awakiii;,'  ii  iin|)iilai'  iiih  i'r>l. 
ill  llic  cnti  r|iri.M'.  nnd  in  ulit^iinin;;  llic  aid  ol'  sciciiliiic  iiisliliitinii>.  iind  lilnral  iiidi- 
\  idiiaN  in  can')  iiii,'  mit  Iiis  dc^i;,'ii.  'i'lir  lai';,'cr  piii't,  nl'  tlir  miltil  \mi>  t"i'iiin  \nlimlai'\ 
cniitiilinliniis,  'riic  iiistniniciits  wn-c  |ii'iiici|i;illy  Mi|)|ilird  li}  llir  Ciiiisf  Snrvi  \.  ilir 
SniitliMiiiiaii  lii>titiitinii,  and  the  II\drn:ri'a[ilii(ai  liiinan  i>t'  tin'  Navy  |)i'|iai'tnirnl. 
'I'lir  ai'tiilo  Inr  cnlliciiiiff  iiiid  |)i'cM  r\iii^'  s|ii'ciiiirii''  lit"  iialtiriil  lli^t^|•y  were  t'lii- 
ni>lled  h\  llie  SinilliMiiiiaii  I  li^t  itiil  inn.  tlie  Acadi  lii_\  nl'  Natural  Si  ieiiei  >  nf  I'liila- 
del|iliiii,  and  the  Mii-miiih  nl'  ( 'iiniiiarati\e  Zniiln;;)  at  ( 'ainlnidu'e.  Ma--.  'I'lie 
ui'i^'inal  plan  (■onteiniilated  the  eiiiiilnMiieiit  of  a  small  steamer  and  a  ^ilnininr. 
llUt  the  means  ohtailied  wire  nnly  slillicieut  to  tit  nlit  a  sailini;  vessel  nf  loo  Inns 
Imrthen,  drawiiii,'  ei;,dit  I'eet  of  water,  'I'he  jiarly  cmisisted  of  tifteeii  iiersniis.  e\- 
cliisise  iif  the  ciiiniiiaiider,  hcsides  tlinse  eii^a;,'ed  after  the  eviieditimi  arrived  in 
( ireenlaiid.  The  a^trniiomical.  iiiayiietical,  and  metenrnlnLrical  oliservatinns  wi  re 
|iriiiciiially  under  tiie  ilirectinii  nf  Mr.  Any;nstns  Snnnlai;,  a  iiati\e  nt'  Nnrtln  in 
(ierniaiiv.  \\lin  had  made  himself  favoralily  knovvii  hy  his  xieiitilic  |iiililicatiniis. 
ill'  had  accnniiianied  Dr.  Kane's  exiieditinn  as  astrniu)iner  and  iihjsiejst.  and.  after 
lii>  return,  had  made  a  mai,'iietie  and  ■^edf^rnphical  siirves  in  .Me\icn.  lie  resi^^m d 
the  jiDsitiim  of  assistant  in  the  Alliaiiy  Ohserxatory  tn  jnin  the  evjieditinn  under 
Dr.  Ilajcs,  from  which  he  was  destined  never  to  nlnrn. 
The  ('Xi)i'ditiou  left  IJnston  jiarhor  on   the  !Mh  of  .liil\.  I'sdo.  and.  after  sailiii',' 


tlirouLdi  a  dense  foir  which  continued  seven  da\s,  or  until  at 


im 


■t  witli  favoralile  winds  which 


ler  |passiiis<'  {.  ajie  Km 


eiiali 


led  it  on  the  :i((ih  of  .liilv  to  cross  the  .\rcti 


circle.  The  first  icelier;,'  was  seen  .Inly  'JMil.  s  |'.  M.  Land  was  made  on  the  lilst. 
and  proved  to  he  Disco  Island.  Au<,'iist  5tii.  at  midnii^ht,  the  explorers  readied  the 
Danish  settU'iucnt  Proven,  on   the  western  coast  of  (ireenlaiid.      Disappointed    in 


itainiiif,'  doijs,  they  put  to  sea  a;,'aiii  on  the  moniiii:,'  of  Aii^;nst  I'Jlh.  a 


ml  nil  tin 


same  day  were  at  Ipeniavilv,  the  residence  nf  the  chief  Danish  trader       id  n    tiny 

(    vii   ) 


il||| 


Mil 


I  N  !■  i;  o  I'  r  cr  1 1)  \ 


'       i 


\\(  ic  (l(  1,1  i IK  (I  Iniir  (l.iv--  ill  collrciiii^  (l(i:;s  inid  iivnciiiiii^  >iiitiiliii'  L;;iniirii!^  nl'  -kiiw 
iiiiil  furs  to  \\illi^tiiii(l  llic  Arctic  winter.     'I'lirdiiu'ii  tii<'  Kiii(iiH'»  ol'  Mr.   llini^tciii, 


till'  ^,'n\cniiir,  tlicy  ()iit;iiu(  il 
|)iiii('  as  iiilrr|irctcr. 


till'  M'r\  ICC"  I) 


i'  tiircc  l",s(|iiiiiiiui\  limitcrs,  mid  uImi  nl'  a 


LcaviuLj  I  iicriiax  ili.  tiny  were  liixt  liy  an  iiiiiiiciiM'  iiuiiil)cr  ol' icclicriis.  xniic  of 
r  two   iiiiii(lrc([  I'cct    ill  lii'iLjiit  and  a  mile  in  Icnytli,  lli<'  motion  of 


lliciii   upwards  o 


wITkIi  was  iirincipally  due  to  tlic  undcrciirri'nts,  and  tiicvci'ori'  sonictinics  cnnti,ir_\  to 
tliat  nl'tlicwinil.  On  tlic  (■\cnin!,'' of  .VnLjnst  vJlst  they  arrived  at  'I'cssMissak,  also  a 
l)aiii--li  station,  of  wliicli  llie  i;co^ra|iliical  position  was  di  tenuincd  !iy  Mr.  Soniitat^', 
where  tliey  olitained  another  sniijily  ol  do^s, 

i'rom  tlii>  [ilai-e,  tliev  entered  Mehille  Uay  on  the  'jod  oC  A n^nsf.  'i'hevviiul  had 
prevailed  lor  several  days  from  the  ea-lward.  and  had  apparently  driven  tin  ice 
towards  the  .\meriean  side,  ojienini^  hefore  them  a  clear  hroad  expanse  of  water. 
'I'iiex  did  not  meet  with  Held  ice  niitil  the  ^")tli;  through  this  tlii\  were  so  fortnnate 


nd 


ntered  the  northern  water  aliont  twent\  mih 


as  to  tiiMl  an  opeiini^j.  and  soon  ( 
soiitli  of  (  ape  .\le\aiider.  the  jitttiiiii'  point  oil  the  (ireenland  side  of  Sniitli's  Straits. 
'i'his  strait  was  entereil  on  the  "Jlth  of  .\ni^iist.  hnt  Iheiv  efforts  (o  find  a  naviyahli' 
o|ieninii'  were  interrupted  hy  a  liea\y  Lrale.  \vliich  continued  with  i;reat  force  tor 
three  days.  U  was  not  nntil  after  haviiii;-  lieen  twice  hlovvii  out  that  they  etfected 
a  i»'rinanent  lod^iiieiit  in  (he  straits  on  the  second  of  Septemlier. 

I^'ailinu  to  find  an  opening''  toward  the  west,  they  soim'lit  one  hiii'lier  n|).  near 
('ape  Ilalherton;  hn!,wlieii  otf  l.ytlleton  l>land,  the  schooner  liecame  so  mneli 
damaired  iiy  collisions  with  the  ice,  that  they  were  ohli^fed  to  seek  anclmraLre. 
'I'liey  put  to  sea  airaiii  on  the  (itli.  lint,  failini:  to  make  lieadway.  and  tin'  tempera- 
ture havinii'  fallen  to  1 V.'''.  they  were  oliliiied  to  seek  w  iiiter-(iiiarters.  whiih  tliev 
fonnd  ill  llart^teiie  liay.  ti  ii  miles  northeast  of  Cape  .Mcxander.  'I'his  was  in  ii 
harlior  to  which  the  name  of  I'ort  j-'oiilke  was  i,n\eii.  in  honor  of  one  of  tlic  promi- 
nent patrons  of  the  exiiedition.  l-'rom  snhseipient  oliservations  this  place  was  found 
t'.  he  in  l.s^  17'  ;>!»  "  nortii  latitude,  and  lon,u;itnde  'i-\°  Oil'  (M)'  west  of  (ireeiiwich. 
tvvent\  miles  south  of  the  latitude  of  Rensselaer  TIarhor.  Dr.  Kane's  wiiiter-([narters. 
and  distant  from  it  hy  the  coast  line  ahont  lil'ty-iive  st.  miles. 

In  |>reiParalion  lor  the  winter,  a  house  was  hnilt  on  shore  to  receive  the  stores, 
and  the  hold  of  the  vessel  was  (omerted  into  a  single  room  for  the  men.  The 
dei'k  was  roof<'d  over  with  hoards  In'ou^jht  from  iJoston  for  the  imrpose.  and  with 
these  accommodations  the  ship's  comjiany  lived  in  health  and  comfort  dnrinii:  the 
winter.  ( iaiiie  was  I'oiind  in  aiuindanie.  the  hunters  rarelv  returning;'  eiiijitv-handed. 
Itcimleer  in  lards  of  ten  and  lifteeii  were  freiiiieiitly  seen.  'I'he  do^-s.  tliirtv  in 
iiumher,  accordiiiii  to  l'"s(piimau\  custom,  were  only  fed  every  s<coud  ila\,  and  olt<  ii 
devoured  an  entire  reindeer  at  a  single  meal. 

Soon  aft(  r  enteriiii:  into  w  inter-(piarters  an  ohservatory  was  erected  near  the 
Ai'-.~el.  under  the  direclinu  ol'  Mr.  SonntaL;'.  It  consisted  of  ,i  wooden  frame  eii^-lit 
liet  s(pi;ire  iiiid  sevi  n  f:  (  I  liitjli.  covered  first  with  canvas,  the  n  with  snow,  and  lined 
thron^liont  with  hear  and  di  er  skins.  In  thi^  ol)S('|-\;itor\  the  pendnlnm  a|ipar;iliis 
was  vihr:it<'d  for  neavlv  a  month;  and  on  coinpletinn'  the  series  of  ohserv  atioiis 
with    it.  the  magnetometer  was  siihsiitnted   in   its  pl.ice.      Near  tin-  ohservaloiv  a 


I  N  T  i;  (>  |i  r  (■  r  i  n  \ 


>lliti|)llc   sll(  llcl'  \\;l>   ;il-(l  (i'l  (  t((l    I'ni-  ihr    ll|(  rilMinn  til--.        'I  \l<-f.    wllii  ll    Wi  Ir     llhi-.tl\ 

liilcd  Willi  spirils  dl' Willi,  wci-c  in  ii;iil  a  juVMiit  linm  M  r.  I  a-lialni,.  nt  N(  w   ^olk 
'I'licy  wrrc   uh^crM'd.   willi    l\ir   (ilhcr    iii>lniiiiciii>.  cadi    Jmur    (lining    ilic   wlmlr 
Iwcnty-l'uur  im  r_\  m-mhiIi  da),  and  tlinr  linn  >  a  day  in  llii'  int(  r\al.      In  addiii,.ii 
til   lliiM'   nJisri'Mitioiis,  the  triiiiirratni-r  \\a--.  iiiilrd   i\i  ry  Mciiiid  li,aii  li\  a  tin  inm- 
lllilrr  Mlslicluh.'d  tViim  a  imlr  mi  tllr  ice. 

In  till'  aiitunm,  I)r.  liau's.  in  conni  i  timi  \\illi  Mr.  Sniintau-.  inadr  a  >ni\i  \  nl   a. 
L;liiriri'  wliirii   had    iiriu  iiaincd   ii\    I  )r.   Kaiir  ■■M\    Urd'.lii  r  .Inlm'^  (daiiir.""   and 


wliicli  is  ill  a  \allrv  near  tiir  lirad  i  I'  tin    li 


■  hii  li  till'  xrsM'l  wa.s  wiiitiii  d.     Il 


was  iirarlv  tun  miles  iVimi  lli 


wiiicli  il  is  j^-ratlnalN  aiiiiriiacliiii;^';   and  in  mdi  i- 


-5 


til  drlrr'niiir   ils  Vail'  111'  iii'ii^i'rss.  a    \>;[m'  liiii'  \va^  nirasnrnl   aliin:^'   its  a\is.  iVnin 

cilllrr  end  lit'  \\llirll  an^;li'S  wrvr  taki  n  li  li\rd  iilijrrts  nil  till'  innlinlain  nll  rai  II 
sidr.  I'licsr  llli'iisuri'lllruls  XMiT  vi  pralrd  al'lrl'a'.l  illtrr\al  nt'  ciulll  llinlllli--.  and 
(he  result  indicated  a  duwiiwaid  ninMinrnt  el'  iiiiiety-lniir  tiet. 

'I'lie  Sim  was  idisriif  one  liuniln  il  and  lhirl\  (la_\s.  and  durini;-  that  Ihiil;  iiiviml  nl' 
darkness  the  wlinle  jiarty  enjuu'd  reiiiarKalily  i;-nnd  health.  This  was  in  a  L;iral, 
measure  due  _tn  lialiits  uf  rei;-nlaril\'  as  tn  exeriise  and  cleanliness  enjninrd  mi  e\ri\ 
nielllher  nt'  the  I'Xpeililinli.  as  Well  as  tn  the  ahluidallt  su|)|il\  nf  iVesh  I'onil.  \\  illl 
the  aihiiuce  n('\\iiiler,  linwever.  there  came  a  serimis  misriirliiiie.  which  alinnsl. 
|)araly/ed  I'urther  eit'nrl ;  a  disi'ase  which  I'nr  seM'ral  \ears  had  iire\ailcil  tliriinL;hmii 
( ireciilaiid  hroKe  nut  ainnii^  the  (Iiiljs.  and  hct'nre  the  midiile  nt'  1  )icciiilicr  ihe 
lininhcr  nt'  the  ])ack  was  reduced  tn  e]e\ell.  As  the  plan  nl'  extelidiliL;-  the  (Ajilnra- 
timi  was  hased  mi  the  Use  of  tliese  animals,  it  was  absolutely  necessary,  at  whalcvcr 
(■list  nt'  lalinr  nr  exiiciise  of  means.  In  ohlaiii  annthcr  sujiiily.  and  fur  this  |ini|iiisc 
^Ir.  Sminiaii-  Milunleereil  'n  \cnlnre  cu  a  jnurney  acrnss  the  ice  to  a  sciih  nnnl  nl' 
Ksijuiniaux  mi  the  nihcr  side  nf  A\hale  Smind.  lie  started  mi  this  jierilmis  eiitcr- 
]irise  mi  the  'J'Jd  nf  December,  accniiipanicd  by  a  jiiniin'  l'.si|uimau\.  and  furnished 
\\ilh  a  sled  drawn  by  nine  <lnn-s.  In  attemptinij:  tn  crnss  a  \i  ide  crack  iu  the  ii  e 
which  had  liut  lately  been  frn/eii  iiMr.  he  I'lll  in.  was  thnrnULildy  Welti  d.  and.  In  rnre 
he  cnuld  reach  a  place  nt'  shelter.  w;is  sn  chilled  as  tn  becnme  insensible,  and  he  died 
snnn  alter.  This  cAcnt.  which  cast  a  iirnfmind  ixlnnm  o\er  th.e  wlinle  iiarly.  was  il 
V'ri  at  loss  to  science.  Mr.  SmintaLr  had  recei\cd  a  tlinrmi;^h  malhemalical  ediica- 
timi.  was  Well  traiui  il  in  the  use  nf  instruments  nf  |n'ecisimi.  and.  had  lii^  lite  been 
spared,  would  ha\e  extended  the  series  of  nbser\atinns.  and  wniild  lia\e  thus  added 
tn  the  \alue  nf  the  materials  obtained.  I''(irtuiialely  he  had  cmnpleted  the  pi  ndnluin 
experiments,  the  princijial  astrmimnical  determinatinns.  cmiinieiici  d  the  maiinelie 
and  melenrnlnii'ical  nbservatimis.  anil  traim  il  the  assistants  in  the  use  ni  iiistin- 
mcnts.  .\fler  his  death.  thi>  nbserxalimis  were  cmitiuued.  under  the  iiiinii  diale 
dii'eclimi  nf  the  cnmmaiidi  r.  Iiy  Mr.  Kadclitf.  assiviid  b\   Mr.  Siarr  and  Mr.  Knurr. 

lla\  inii'.  in  the  sprinu-.  obtained  t'rmu  a  band  nt'  i'.si|uiinaux  which  \  is i led  the  \essi  | 
a  new  supply  lA'  do^s,  some  nl'  which  aKo  died.  lea\in^'  imt  iwn  teams  nt  si\i  ii 
eiicli.  a  jnurney  was  made  tn  i  staldish  a  dejiot  of  prmisimis  at  the  nuilh.  Inr  use 
durinL,'  the  cmitemplaled  exjilnral imis  in  the  npeiiim,''  nf  siin.mer.  I  pnii  this  nrca- 
sinli.  \'an   Kelisselaer  llarbnr.  the  w  inti  r-iplarti  rs  nt'    Dl'.   Kane,  was  \isitiil.  but    im 


'    i 


I 


.i 


I  NT  i;  oiMcri  ()  V. 


vcsti^'i'  (if  (111'  \(s-(l  wliicli    lie  liiiil    Ict'l    tlnrr  \\:i-i  ^crii.      !t    liiiil    jiiiihalily  diirtid 
out  to  sen  \vitli  tlic  icr.  iiiul  MiliM(|iii'iilly  liccn  cni^licd  iiiid  sunk. 

'I'lii'  priuciiial  cNpcditidii  iVdiii  tlic  \cs«.cl,  wliirli  at  1ir>t  (■(Pii-i>lcil  nl' ;dl  the  ii\;iil- 
jililc  iiiciidxys  (){'  tlic  <(iiiii)iiiiy.  stinted  (in  tlii'  iuiii'tli  (if  Ainil.  It  was  fiiniislicd 
\\\\\i  n  lif('-l)()at  twenty  irct  len^'  (Hi  runner-',  two  teams  df  deij-..  and  jiroN  ision- 
for  seven  persons  for  i\\c  niontlis.  luid  an  additional  sniii)!)'  for  six  persons  and  one 
team  for  six  wedis.  'I'lie  intention  ^was  to  cro'-s  directly  >>\rY  the  ice  of  Snnili's 
Straits  to  the  \\('stern  shore,  and   thence  to  continue  tlie  ex[iloralion  northward  as 


ar  as  circunistmices  \\iinld  ] 


Id   penilit;    hut    tl 


lis   plan 


w;is  frustrated  hv  tJie  condition 


of  (he  ice  and  open  water,  uliich  conipelled  tiieni  to  travel  aloiij.;-  the  eastern  si 


lore 


'l"he  ice  ill  the  strait  did  not. 


)We\cr.  iiiiiir( 


the\'  iid\ance(l.  liut  was  crowde  I 


('    oeell  seen ;    and 


into  ridtres  and  hninniocKs  more  extensive  (liaii  had  cNcr  liefor 
finally,  after  three  weeks'  trial,  it  was  lonud  'uipracticalile  to  transjiort  tlie  hoal. 
prepared  expressly  for  exploration  in  the  polar  water,  across  tlie  straits,  and  Dr. 
Hayes  was  reluctantly  ohlincd  to  send  it  liack  \vitli  most  of  tlie  parly,  reserving;- 
for  the  further  exjiloration  three  ])ieke(l  conqianions.  two  sleds,  and  fourteen  do^s. 
AN  ith  this  reduction  of  force,  the  perilous  jcuirney  was  continued;  but  the  hum- 
mocks became  worse,  and  altliou^ii  the  distance  was  only  about  forty  miles  in 
a  direct  line  from  the  v\'esi(  rn  coast,  fourteen  days  were  ronsunied  in  tlie  jouriiex. 

'I'he  route  they  imrsued  A\as  ni'arly  the  same  as  lliat  followed  in  ISof  by  Dr. 
Hayes  nnder  the  direction  of  Dr.  Kane,  and  an  o|Fiiortniiit_\  was  thus  afforded  to 
make  some  important  additions  and  corrections  to  the  sl^elcii  of  the  slnire  line 
which  had  fbrmerU  been  yiveii.  it  \\as  tbund  that  a  channel  or  soiiikI  opeiiiuL;- 
westward  from  Smith's  Straits,  separated  I'.llesmeri'  Land  from  (irinnell  Land,  and 
that  in  the  nioiitli  of  this  sound  are  two  lar^e  islands,  to  one  of  A\liicli  tlie  name 
of  l)ache.  and  to  the  otlier  that  of  llenrv  ^\■as  i;'i\en.  On  tlie  I'Jili  of  May  Kennedy 
Channel  was  entered  and  the  coast  followed  as  it  trends  nearly  due  north  to  Uitter 
i>ay.  This  ])oint  was  reached  on  the  Kith,  when  two  of  the  ])arty  became  exhausted 
l)y  fatiij;ue,  and  the  exi)loration  was  continued  f'n-  three  days  Ioniser  by  Dr.  Hayes 
and  his  assistant,  Mr.  (ieorije  !•'.  Knorv.  and  reached.  May  iMJi.  the  latitude  sl'^ 
;n',  about  forty-one  nautical  miles  beyond  the  limit  of  exploration  under  Dr.  Kane 
and  on  the  ojiposite  side  of  the  chan.iei.  To  the  hiiihest  ])oint  actually  attained 
the  name  of  Cape  i.ieber  was  ^-iven.  and  that  of  Church  to  a  remarkable  peak  in  the 
■\iciiiity.  On  the  north  of  Cajie  Lieber  there  opened  a  larire  bay,  to  which  the  name 
ef  Lady  I'rauklin  ]i;;d  been  assii,nie(l  by  Kane;  also  on  the  north  \\m-  seen  a  head- 
lai"i  called  Cape  IJeech'}',  and  lieyoiid  another  liiLih  jioint  wbi(  h  ^^  as  named,  in  honor 
of  His  Majesty  the  Kiiiii- of  Denmark.  Cape  I'rederick  \TI..  and  still  farther  in 
the  distance  a  third  iirojcctin^'  point  was  oiiser\ed.  which  was  designated  Cape 
I.'nion. 

lieturniiiij:  upon  flu^  sam(>  track',  the  expedition  reached  tlu'  \essel  iifter  an  absence 
of  fifty-nine  days,  only  se\eu  doi^s  beiuLf  alive,  rendering  further  exploration  in  this 
way  ini)>-.,cticable.  'I'he  remainder  of  the  time  until  the  \essel  was  released  from 
the  ice  was  de\()ted  to  such  surveys  as  could  be  made  in  the  a  icinity  of  I'orl  '/oulke. 
and  the  continuance  of  the  observiilions  of  phvsical  plienoineiia. 

'I'iiey  Were  joined  ]>\  a  Iriiie  of  l'.s(|uiinaux  inhabitini;'  the  coas)  i)e|we(  r.  Sniitli's 


I  N  T  l;  II  IM-  (    1'  I  (I  N 


M 


Striiit  mill  ( 'iipr  ^  iiik.  huiiiIk  liny-  in  :ill  iilicnit  ciuht v  --(luK.  \\\\n  Imili  --iiiiw -hnu^i  - 
ill  iIh'  \iiiiiil\  III'  ihc  \(nm1.  and  in;iiiit;iinril  tliriii>rKi-  li\  Imnl  in:^'  tlir  \\,ilru~ 
and  sciil. 

'riir\'  Miili'd  tViiiii  till'  wiiiti  r  liarltdi- ciii  tlif  1  111)  nt'.Iiil 


Vciirllril  till'  \\('>t  cna^t   ti 


y.  and  aitrr  mm  li  dillii  iilt\ 
lii'liiu  (  'ape  iNahcllii.  iiml  iVnni  nil  t  l('\ati(ili  cit'  almiil 
si\  liiindrnl  t'ci't  Dr.  llini'-;  olitnimd  n  \i(\\  tn  tlir  mutliward.  i;i  tlml  dirictinn 
till'  ii  r  wiis  cvci-ywlicvr  niiKriikin.  and  as  it  did   nut  ajiiirar  ludlialilc  tliat  hr  ciuild 


obtain  for  thi'  MliiMinrr  niidtlirr  liarlmr  i'artlicr  nurtl 


1.  ami  as  c 


!\  ti\r  diii.'-.  ri maim  d 


itiinnt   nii'ans  oi'  olit; 


iininir  ;i   111  w  sii]i|d\ .  Ill'   was   rilmtantU  (iMiL;'ril  tn  aliandnn 


tin'   ticld.  and   dirci  t    his  cmir^i'   1 


loiiicw  all 


1.  tnivlin^-  til   lir   alili'  at  an  carh  dn\   n 


rriH'W   the   cxiiloratinn   A\itli    a    small    slraimr    niid    iimK  r    ulln  r    imiri'    laNniMMi 


cnnditioiis. 

I'.ntrriiiL]:  A\'Iinli'  Siuniil.  an  cNcrllrnt  ^|)|Mlrtnnit^  wa^  jirr^riitid  t'nr  di  lim  atiiiL:' 
till'  sli(irc-liii('  dl'  that  iiilrt  ;  tliniiiuli  a  ilcar  atimi'-|iliirc  tlir  land  t'rcnii  tin'  mntli 
iiriinml  tn  tin'  sniitll  ronld  hr  trn 
ill  liomir  111'  till'  di>rii\cn  r.  w  as  iiaiind  the  (iiilt'nt'  In^ili'ti'ld.  I.iaxina'  \\  liali 
Stiniid  and  ])ri)(('cdiiiLr  snnlln'rlv .  tlir  ^iivmn  \\a 


tlnis  |irii\ iii;^'  till'  iiili 


t  tn  he  a  drrp  uull'  \\  liii  li. 


.  ciininlflr  iii'  mirth  liatlin's  ii,i\  t'l 


Capr  AlcNandrr  to  (iramillc  W.w .  Al'icr  lahorioii^ly  \\iirl\inLr  tlicwax  thinnuh 
"  paik  ice'"  i'or  mii'  hnmlrrd  and  til't\  miles  tiny  rntrnd  tlir  sniitlnrn  wati  i-.  and 
clird  l'iirrna\ik  nii  tin'  I  111;  nt'  .\nL:n-.t.  and   I  )is(  n  Nlanil  mi  llir  ill  •■!  nl'  A  iiun^l. 


vrai 


lirin^i'  at   hnth  places  kiln:i\   and  linspitalily    receised  li_\    the  Jjalii-^h  iitlii  iaU. 

At  ( iiidhaM'ii  tliey  were  intiiriiied  h\  Iii'-pei  tor  ( )liik  that  he  had  n  1 1  i\(  d  nrdi  i- 
I'l'Diii  his  LriiMTiiiiient  111  allnrd  >ii(li  aid  In  the  e\pediliiiii  a--  wa--  in  lii^  pnwi  r.  lliii-- 
cxhihitiiiLi'  tliat  eharaeleristie  i^-eiieni^ity  and  intelliLiciit  apiireciatinn  nt'  seieme 
\\liieli  mar1\ed  its  aitimi  Idwards  all  prexieiis  esiieditinn^  (if  a  similar  eliarai  ter. 

l,ea\inLi-  (Jreeiilaiid  they  arrived  in  IJn-tcin.  after  a  stMrni)  pa->aL:i'.  mi  tin-  'J^lil 
(if  Oeliiher,  haxiliL;-  lieeii  ahsent   1.")  nimitliN  and    1:1  days. 

Duriny  the  anIioIc  cnii'-e  eH'm't  was  ((instantly  made  tn  eliraiii  siieeimens  df 
!.'■('( i1(il;'V  and  natural  histnry.  and  tlnuiLih  tin'  parly  wa>  small,  \alnalile  (■(ille(  limi-- 
were  (ihtained.  einliraeini;'  dreiluiii:;'s.  plants,  liirds.  and  a  lar::'e  iinnilH  r  nt'  sknlU 
dl'  l-',s(iiiinian\. 

On  the  retiirn  (if  llie  exjieditiim  the  records  of  the  oliserx  at  imis.  e\ceptiii:^-  lliose 
I'elatin^'  to  natural  history,  were  nivcn  in  clia)-L;c  to  the  Iiis|  itiii  ion  for  r(  diietimi. 
discussion,  and  siiliseipnnt  imlilical  ion.  ThcN  were  |ilace(|  in  the  hands  of  Mr. 
('has,  A.  Scliotl.  of  the  I  .  .'^.  ('nasi  Siirve\".  and  ha\e  heen  prepared  l:\  him  for  ihe 


,1  tl 


'Use  of  till'  Siiiithsoniaii  fiim 


ir(  s^  at    Ilie  (  spell 

'llie   fori'U'oillL;'  sk(  tell   has  Keen   taken    principalU    fl'oni    the   ri  port    of    the    le(  tlll'i 


:l\ell   li\ 


Dr.   llaM's  hefore    the  liisiiiiitimi  in   I'^^til.      11 


e    has    since,   howexer.   I 


lished    a    narralixc  in  full.  I'li.m  whii  h  a  miniite  aicminl  can  he  olitaim d  o!'  all  lli 
(■\(  lets  of  the  espeditimi. 

.loM'.iMi  iir.M;\. 


Sir, -I  /• 


I'l  '1 1 1-1/ 


S.   I. 


liHi 

I 


MurMsiiNiAN  iNsrni  tkin 


.liinr,  I'iCV. 


i 


!m\ 


M 


V  A  u  r    I 


ASTKUXUMICAL     iHiSE  11  V  AT  li)  N  S. 


'^ 


lij 


'.i 


iiKcoui)  AM)  HF,si  i;rs 


ASTIIONOMICAI.   AND   (IKO  DKTIC   ()15Si;i[V  AlloNS. 


(Ii  III  ml  Th  iiuiil'f. — The   Avftif  ('\])l(>Viitiniis  made  iiiulrv  tlic  (lirntiini  of  Dr. 
Isiiiic  1.  Jriiycs,  ])iiii(i])iilly  coiiijjrisp  tlic  west  cdast  dl'  Smith  Strait   and    Kennedy 

tlimuiill   tlie  e\]ie- 


CI 


1  til 


)t'  wliidi   liiid 


slv  1) 


k 


lanncl,  tlic  cM^tencc  ot  wliicli    liiid  i)r('M()Usiy  ijcconie  Knewn 
ditiiiii  imder  Dr.  Kaiic,  in  the  years  Is,");},  '.')  t,  '.V*. 

'I'lic  scientific  nuitcriids  ol)taincd  liy  tlic  cxpcditiini  and  referred  tn  me  tor  niim - 
tion  [Hid  discussion  l>y  I'rot'cssov  Henry.  Secretary  ot"  tiie  Snutiisoinaii  liistitntiun, 
lire  j)vcscnted  nndcr  the  fj;cncral  heads  of  astnininnical.  tnai^iietic,  tidal,  and 
mctcoroloj^ical  ()liser\ations. 

The  ol)scr\ati()ns,  esjiecially  the  mctoovolnLjical.  are  disciissi-d  on  the  same 
ficiicral  jilan  as  that  adopted  in  the  discnssion  of  tlm-e  of  the  eNpedition  under 
J)r.  K.  Iv.  Kane,'  and  also  that  niuler  Sir  .F.  I..  McClintock.-  as  ])nlili-hed  hy  the 
Smithsonian  Institution.  'I'hc  ri'sults,  therefore,  admit  of  the  strict  (om])ari>ons 
which  have  hcen  made  Avlicn(>vor  prarticahlo,  and  whicli  <,'i\('  an  additional  interest 
and  value  to  tlu'  S(n'ies  of  ])nl)lications  of  whidi  this  forms  a  part. 

The  present  division  under  the  title  of  Astronomical  and  (icodetic  ()liser\ation-., 
contains  the  determination  of  geographical  ])ositions,  the  results  of  sur\('\s,  and 
the  pendulum  experiments  for  relative  force  of  gravity.  Connected  with  this  part 
is  a  large  chart  cinhracing  the  region  of  the  exploration  under  Dr.  Kane  aial  that 
under  Dr.  Hayes,  constructed  from  the  additional  nniteriids  collected  hy  the  latter, 
and  also  a  smaller  chart  of  the  vicinity  o*"  I'ort  I'onlke.  from  original  surveys. 

The  greater  and  more  vahiahlo  portion  of  the  observations  was  made  hy  'S\x. 
August  Sonntiig,  astronomer  and  ])hysicist  to  the  exi)edition,  ;ind  second  in  com- 
mand.     IJy  his  early  death  the  exi)e(lition  su^taill(■d  a  great  loss,  and  we  have  espi'- 


'  Siiiitlisoiiiiin  roiilriliutiiiiis  to  Kimwlcdffi' :  ^tilirll('ti('al,  MclrnrnliiL'-ical.  Aslrnnniniciil.  anil  Tiilal 
Oli.-crvatiiins  in  tliC  Airtk'  Sr.is,  liy  l^lislia  Kent  Kain',  M.  I>.,  1'.  S.  N..  made  ilui'Miir  tlir  socniid 
(iriiincll  i'.\]ic(litiiiii  in  ls,"):j,  l!>")J,  and  l,s.'>,j;  ivdiic-cd  and  di-c-ii.--ci|  liy  Cliarlci  A.  .^i.lii>tt.  I-'mir 
parts,  s('|iai'at('ly  imlijisia'd  in  1S.")S,  Isoli,  and  isca. 

°  Sinitiisonian  Contriliulions  to  Knowlcd}:!' :   .Mctinrnioj.'-iral  (llisci'valinii~  in  ilic  An'tic  .'^I'a.-;,  tiy 
Sir  J'"rani'is  L.  .McClintoeli,  1!.  N,,  made  in  liailin's  Hay  and  I'rimr   llcfiinl's  Jnlct,  in  ls,"i7,  Is.'is, 
and  Is.'i'.i;   vnlnccd  and  di.-iu.-.-td  liy  Cliarliv,  A.  .<ilioll.      May.  l^i;iV 
I       April,  IHUCi. 


M 


I!  i:r()i;i)  a  \  d  k  i:si-  r, 


rillllv  In  Vci,'n't  tin'  scmitv    llllit(|'i;il  fur  the  (Irtrnililiatidll    III'  llic    Iiili^Mtllilr  111'   I'nrt 


Toullv 


It     Wl 


ll 


ilitrlllimi    tn    lia\r    tlir    |M'|iiIiiIuiiI    rN|irnilirllls    Vi'|m';i 


till 


diiiiiii,'  till'  liiHuwiii^'  \\;irii 


I     M'llMlll. 


'I'lir  cxiH'ditinii  was  siiiipliid  witli  tin-  iircrssary  iii^lruiuriifs;   an 


IDll: 


tl 


11"^!'    ina 


y 


1)1'  luriitiiiiinl  tl  pri'^matir  ntlrctiii^  cirili',  a  W  rnilriiiauii  M'xtaiit,  ii  \ritiiiil  cinlr, 
and  tlirodiilitr,  all  ciiutrilmtcd  liy  I'rul'.  A.  I),  liailir;  tliri'r  wcrr  uIm)  tlirri'  niraii 
time  (1m)\)  (liroiionK'trrs,  out'  of  tlii'sr  (No.  '.'(101)  an  citilit,  day  clivnuninrtrr.  Onr 
of  till'  chronomctcis  was  purchiiscd  fVnin  NN'illaid,  onr  liind  I'lnni   liond,  and  onr 


Irnt  l'\ 


>{ 


^t  li\  ilir  lirothcrs  Ni 


lirsidi's  th 


Dr.  Havi 


was  irnt  irrr  ot  (■ll^t  ii\  (Mr  nroiiicrs  .M'i,'ns ;  insiiU's  uitsr  ur.  iiaxcs  pnrrnasrii  ;i 
pocket  clironoinrtrr  from  liond  iJi;  Son;  the  pcndnlnin  was  niadr  l)y  tlir  same  firm. 

Itidiictiiiti  iif  /III  ( ihti  rriitiniiK. — 'I'lic  iistronomica'  dativ  vi'i|niri'd  in  llii.'  rcductioii 
were  taken  froni  tlic  " Ameiieaii  l'"phenn'vis  i.nd  Naiitieal  .Mnianac."' 

All  mere  loitarithmic  work  will  l»e  suppressed,  hnt  smh  intermediate  results  will 
lie  f;iveii  which  assist  in  forming  a  proiier  I'stinuitc  of  the  \alue  of  the  oliservations 
and  of  their  treatment. 

Separate  results  are  in  all  rases  preferred,  unless  the  increased  lahnr  nf  romputa- 
tion  connterhalaures  the  aihantaj^'e  of  comparahility  of  individual  results.  'I'iiey 
|iermit  the  rerognition  and  consequeut  rejection  of  any  defective  ol)ser\ation  in  the 
series,  and  at  the  same  tinu'  furnish  the  means  of  estimating,'  or  (•i)nii)utini,'  the  jiro- 
halile  uncertainty  to  wliich  thi'  iinal  result  may  he  sid»ject.  'I'liis,  lioxvever,  does  not 
exclude  the  (•ond)iuation  of  a  few  read iuifs  to  a  mean  readinj^  or  the  arranirement 
of  indi\idtnil  ohscrvatioiis  into  i,n'onps,  ])ro\ideil  the  interval  of  time  is  sutiicieiitly 
short  for  second  differemes  to  have  any  appreciable  elfv'ct.  A\'e  may  thus  conihine, 
in  a  measiire,  the  a(lvantau;es  of  the  two  methods. 

The  refractions  liave  been  computed  from  the  tallies  iu  Captain  I.ee's  '•Collection 
of  tallies  and  formula',  etc."  They  are  Ivory's,  and  were  considerably  extended  so 
as  to  meet  the  requirements  of  an  arctic  climate.  I  have  preferred  them  to  llessel's. 
jirincipally  on  account  of  tlieir  <,'reater  facility  of  aii[ilicutiun;  they  jj;ivi'  a  Nliylitlj 
hij,dii'r  \alue  for  very  small  altitudes. 

Tenqjeratures  are  recorded  on  Fahrenheit's  scale,  and  the  readinj^s  of  (he  baroiue- 
ter  are  noted  in  inches  and  fractions  of  inches. 

jMr.  Sonutai^  had  made  preliminary  comimtations  of  his  observations  \vhich 
jj;reatly  facilitated  the  present  reduction.  It  is  to  be  understood  tiiat  the  observa- 
tions were  made  bv  him,  unless  uthervviNe  stated. 


A  si'lioNo  M  ic  Al,   ASH  (I  1:0  |ii:i' I  r  n  i;s  1;  1;  v  a  t  1  <•  n  s. 


(ii:o(ii;Ai'iiic  \i.  r(i-iTi(»\s, 


Proven,  Ni'inii  (iiii:KM,.\Mi,  SrAiins  \f:.\ii  riii;  <in\  kiinui;',  ||..i  ,k. 
<Hi-crviiii'iii-  Inr  liiiic,  Aii'-ni-t  i.ili  (A    M    Tili),  l*i;i>. 

Jliillllll'  llllilllllcS  (if  tllC  .-IIII   Willi   WunlrlllilMir-  ,~r\lallt. 


(_:!:>'    :," 


<+:il 


I'lH'ki.t  ell 


rnnntnoti' 
^s''  UIV"   111- 
(li;     .'it 

(17    :ii; 

((S     iVi 

(Ml    :;i 


fnl'l'll'liim   l.'(" 


20 


u;    Is' (III" 
L';t   Id 

28    20 

•■iO 
iii;   :)ii   I'll 
:ii    i:> 
.'JT    (I') 


j,l.  „;|.i. 

JC' 

."ii'i 

W  :;;.' 

Ill 

r, 

ti  -jii 

11 

1; 

,'i(i  20 
^3 

8      11 

•'  1 

:r, 

."iT    10 

1-.' 

■s-\ 

!<•< 

III     ml 

1:1 

(111 

in;    III) 

'I'liiili.  +  l^''  !■',.  iirc--iirr  2'.i"'.>ii  :it,  +  c.J  I'.     Iinlrx  ;,r    ".        Curi'i cii'iii — 27     'i 


,,  ,        sill  h — ••>//(  (tt  sill  0 

fas  til  ins  (1 


l,ct  <;;  -     latitiiili' 

/(  =  llltitllilr 

f)  =  dccliiiation 

t   =--li(>iir  aii^'lc 

Aiiprnximatc  latitude  I'J'  V?:!'.  n])iir(i\iiiiat(>  lniii^ituilr  ;>''  I'J"  wr-t  of  rini  u\\  iili. 
'I'lic  first  coliiiiin  (if  tlic  riijiiiw  iiiLf  talilc  (■niitaiiis  tlic  iiiraii  cliriiiMiiiictrr  time  '/'.  tlir 
sciMinil  till'  altitude  fiivi'ected  Cur  index  crrer.  velVactiini.  ])aialla\  (in  aititinli).  and 
senii-diameter.  'I'Im'  vclVaetinn  was  emniinted  fur  (lie  lir>t  and  la--!,  and  intrriinialrd 
for  tlie  middle  times.  The  third  cnhimii  (■(intaiiis  tlie  liiiiir  aii^le  (  nni|iiit('il  liy  the 
ahove  e.xiiression  ;   ((MncrtiuLC  '  into  time  and   aiiiil\inii:  the  ei|uatiiin   id   lime,  the 


chrnnomc'ter  ciivrectiou  A'/' was  fomid  as  ^nNcn  in  tie  last  ((ilnnin.     A 


iL;n 


•     1-     1        1  ,       (  slow        ,        I     .  I  —  .     ,  f  ifainintr      .        i-        i 

indirates  ciiroimnn'ter      ,.    .   un  local  tune;    ■,;    ,    inihi  ates   ,    ,     .        rate,    fur  tin 


I 

iirst  and  last  set  r      — 1'    IV'.!) 
-|-  l(i^  is'  S"  for  the  middle. 


r    \V 


{ 
rr,  --  -|-  v.")  and  h  -^ 


T 

n 

a/' 

S'' 

(;■"  Ti 

1'. ;! 

2s°    2;!' 

.'iH" 

1      —11^ 

l.V 

l:;  ' 

+  1''  III"'  :;:;' 

8 

8 

1.7 

2^    ::ii 

.t.) 

—  |:! 

II 

i:; 

ai'i 

8 

111    : 

:!.:> 

28    ;;i; 

11 

—  i:; 

I'.i 

IS 

:!ii 

8 

12     : 

'■1.7 

28    r.\ 

II.) 

.       — 12 

,'iii 

."i2 

34 

MiMii,  +  I   III    :;i. 


'  'I'll  till'  iTiiiliiii;-  (.//'llic  iu'c  I  sliall  uivc  llii'  sIm'ii  -f-,  In  lliut  o/i  llir  iiri'  llic  siu'ii  — ,  in  nrdcT  tn 
(iliUiiii  at  iini'c  till'  imli'.x  ciji'i'i'i'tiini.  In  tlif  rri-cinl  ilir  nli-rrvcr  iil\vay.~  nu|i.~  tin'  \uAi\  i  rmr  ami 
\\w  iiii-nrliiiii  lias  tluTcliii'i' llic  ii|i|Mi>iic  >iL''ii  ;  in  tlii.s  |ia|ii'r  tin.'  .-iij'ii  wa.s  al  uiicu  ilianiri  il.  'I'liis 
nutu  aiiiilius  to  the  tcMaiil  us  wuH  as  tu  tlic  rcllcctiug  circle. 


IK 


.:i 


n  \:  c  ( )  i;  n  a  n  d  n  i:  s  t*  t,  t  s  o  r 

Jtiiiililr  iiliihiilrs  (if  iIk'  >iin  \viili  ri'lliiiiiiif  circli'. 
^'"•^'"•(T.'W    .»(»  —ill    40    >  . ''"'•'v.lioii  +;.2 


I'mkdt  I'liroiioini'tcr. 
«''    -JO'"  .M' 

H     21     48 

8     i>:i     18 
8     21     Oil 


^Q 


•»     01 


.18     JO    -^.j,, 
(CO 

20 
(08      -10 

(07     M 

(10 

f  +  :!2'   ;!o" 
(  +  :;-2     40 


I'lii'ki't  I'lirdiKiUK^tur. 

8''  2.'i"'  oa* 


8 


!,'.      40 


2Q 
68°   I'.i 


,  ((10' 
"(  M 


C8    2;j  ■ 


<40 


(20 


68 

08     14 

Iinlcx 


8     27     42 

8     2S     18 
_.'!0'    40") 


.19     .39 


(4 


09     4-'    <'■'" 


cnl'l'i'cliou  +(12"..") 


— :io    2(1    ) 

For  the  first  iimlliist  si't  ;v^— T  42". 8        r,-  —  \'  II".  1         «,=  4-7  "..■minU   -+1(1^  17' 57" 

fur  till'  luiildk'. 
T  h  t  nT 

H"  21'"  1 9'.  5 
8  2:!  4  ;).;■) 
8  25  21.5 
8     28     00 

Miaii,     +1     01     08.5 

Oli.sorvations  for  tiiiio,  .^llJfll^'t  7tli. 
Double  alliluilt's  of  llie  slid  witli  riik't'tiiig  tircle  iiiiil  scxtniit. 


29°   12' 

25" 

—40°  ;!7' 

X]" 

+  1''  01'"  ;!7" 

29     20 

20 

—40     00 

48 

40 

29     25 

:j;t 

— .io    ;t(i 

12 

^0 

29     'M 

41 

— LI8     57 

29 

il7 

IiuU'.v  forrection  +1'   9" 
Pocket  chroiiomutor.  2Q 

51°  04'  {!;;" 

50     57    i'"^ 
..0     07    j.jy 

20 

^1  ^M^s 


liclii'utiii).'  lirclc 


2''    41"'  58' 
2     42     4V 


I'ockut  clirouotuc'ti.'r. 
2''    4(j"'  2;3' 


41 


20 


2     44     17 
2     45     17 


•)1     41 


<20 
^20 


2     48     24 
2     49     09 


20 

51°  a2'{ij" 

"'      -'    (20 

r.)        ...      (10 

•'"     '■'    -(20 


Indux -f"^;;',     ;.][']-    correction  20" 


50     07 


Svxtaiit. 


(  20 

\oo 


Pocket  dirrnnmeler. 
2''   5tl"'  41" 
57     18 
67     50 


2© 

50°   09'  40" 

05  00 

00  40 


T=:  +  51°     J5  =  29'".8  lit  fiO° 


Pocki't  oliroiinmetpr. 

2''    5m"'  52" 

2  59     40 

3  00     09 

T  ,     f  +  nr  2o""> 


20 

48°  4s'  05" 

42  00 

37  50 

correction  —  22". 5 


r  =  — 2'01"        r,  =  — 2'  07"        ,t,  =  +8"         «=  +  1(1°  13' 31"  iinil  +  Hi°  1:5'  i8"  for  first 

mid  last  set. 


T 

oh  ^.im  22".  .5 

2  44  47 

2  4(1  54.5 

2  48  4(1.5 

2  57  1(1.3 

2  59  33.7 


25°  45'  03" 

25  .35  25 

25  2(!  49 

25  19  34 

24  44  38 

21  34  59 


54°  38' 

41" 

+  1" 

01'"  37' 

55      15 

((7 

38 

55     47 

34 

iO 

5(1     14 

31 

86 

58     23 

43 

43 

58     58 

43 

40 

Mean,  +1  01  40.0 


A  sri;  oNo  \i  ic  A  I,  A  \  i>  (i  i:o  i)i;ii  I'  oiis  i:  i;  \  a  r  i  on 

Oli.i'i'MiiiMii.  I'ur  liiiir,  Aii;;ii-t  Tili  (A.  .M.  »ilil. 


Ilulilili'  iillitl|i|r-i  (>r  till'  >||||  Willi  rrlll'i'till^  cil'rli', 


llMr 


10         — J'J       10     1 


Pocket  rliroiioiiii'li"'. 
ti''    '2  V'  ll.V 


!3 


8     21! 


8     'J./ 


11 


:>;    ;jii 


18   :<\ 


<  -ii) 


I  (III 


( oil 


( ..11 


T^  +  50°,  !!.;>!•'".  so  III  c: 


llnlrx 


c'i'ri'ciliuii  -(.  1      ; 
I'cH  ki't  iliriiimiiji'tir. 


8     'Js     .".i! 


S     J'.i      l.'i 
i  +,",j'   :!ii"    — :;ii'  :!ii"  » 


as 


r.o   (111 


■|H       III 


■|>i     I: 


t  III 
I  on 
•  .III 


10 


:;o    JO 


-I     t: 


H"  21'"  40". .'i 
8  2»  •JL.J 
«     --'7     1 1 


,_!'    |:;".i; 


•j'.i     1.".     II 
20     -JO     17 


=  +7".  1  ^iiiil  A  =  +11 


— 10  Js'  |0' 

_;io  IS  07 

— ;i'.i  iii;  III 

— lis  ;;',!  II) 


irrn  ii'>ii  +  1     i>" 

:<:',     r..r  111.'  mill. IN', 
a/' 

+  \''     01'     If 

12 
41 
41 


M.iiii,      +1      I'l       L 


]lijiilp|r  iillilmlr^  I'l'  llii'  >iiii  uiili  rclli'i'liiiL'  rirrliv      Air.',  >^tli. 


liMi' 


t  +:I2'    -JO' 


_  ;;ii'    |o"  I 


rotkcl  rlininnuu'ti'r. 


'J''     111'"   Oir 


2    r,i    111 


2     20    i: 


2     21     3;! 


-|-;;j    :;o  _;;ii     jo    , 


nilTiiMluli   -+. 


20 

iij^  2i; 


I  III' 


I'lKkc't  I  liioiiniiii'tir. 


o'l      .).>i;i    .).n 


(   HI 


,,    «2ii 


>l    1(1 


(  110 
(  10 
(DO 


T  =  +r.2°,   P,  =2ii"'.H0iil  (;2°  Imicx 


hi 


r  =  — r  :.r 


r,=—l' 


(+;i2'   10' 
U' 


!l       Mj 


2  I    :;ii 


10'  :;ii") 


2© 

iT   111 


(  10 
(  10 
<  .ill 
(  (1(1 


111 


II 


(  20 

'(0(1 
(  10 


;l'     :;o      — :;o     lo 
+  7    .11  mill  «  =  4-1.' 


plTfrlluli    -f  I 


I'll!'  till'  lllillilK'. 


2"  111'"  24". 'i 

2  21  (IS 

2  22  4. ">.."> 

2  '.'  I  1 II 


20     411 
20    4:i 


20     uS     02 


-.:'    ii.>" 


+  4'- 

+  411  21  110 

+  111  l.'i  .'ll 

+  J0  US  40 


+  1"    01" 


a  4 

.'ill 


.Ml  nil,     +1    01     j;;.. 


REC.iriTlL.^TKiN'  (IF  CoUltKl  TIO.V  up  PiuKKT  ClMlnNi  iMr.TKII  oN   I'luA  KN 


IMK. 


Aiij,'ii.-t  7tli,  II  A.  .M. 

7tli,  1'  .\..M. 

"       7tli,  4  1'.  M. 

Kill,  II  .\..\1. 

Sill,  0  1'.  M. 


a/' 

+  1''  01"'  .!r.7 
.•is.rj 

4U.0 
42.7 

Mi'iui.    +1    01    ;i7.ii 


I  1 


i;  iMit  i;  i>  A  N  It  i:  i:s  i"  i.Ts  of 

(llii  r\iiiiiiii<  liir  liiliiiiili',  AiiKH'l  7ili      Ki  lli'iiinj;  ( iriti>, 

('ilrliliillU'l'iilillll  llltilinli'H  III'  till'  >llll. 

''"'•'^  (+:iJ    ;)ii  ;io    im    f  • ''"nvrliun  +1'  (I7".r. 


I'iKk.l 

liriili 

iiiii'tir. 

-O 

I'.i.kit 

rlirn 

nmiii'liT. 

20 

10" 

Ml'" 

07' 

r.s" 

1,V 

<  :,o" 
(  III 

11" 

llj 

f'.7 

,.,  <  lo" 

''      ,J0 

10 

.M 

\ii 

(IS 

17 
•2  0 

(  JO 

i  1" 

11 

01 

M 

(m 

,,      <  00 

'•     ,10 

2d 

10 

:>\ 

(1.: 

CJ 

II 

(i;o 
(.III 

II 

O.'i 

TiJ 

cs 

'^' ;;!;: 

10 

:,:> 

10 

(i; 

i:. 

<  .'.0 

11 

07 

OS 

cs 

Ill  i-" 

(:iO 

T=  +jr,  ll»2!»",S0nt  (1(1" 


'"''''\-f;;2    lio      — ;io    ,„  j"  - '^^"''''■'■'"J"  "^ •'^ 


Illlcnill'llillll'  HI'I   of  l)ll-lTVHlin||S  Willi   W'.'a  Sl'Xlailt. 

,   ,      f +;!r  o:."    —:[■>'  oo")     ,,        ,.         ,.„ , 

(  +.!1      M        — !J      1.1     ^ 


'mkf I  cliroiinim'l».'r. 

-0 

Toikit 

ihronoiiii'liT. 

20 

10"  rn;'" 

r.7« 

(;7-  lii' 

•JO" 

11' 

till'" 

;ir 

Cs"    I'.l' 

10" 

f.7 

fHl 

n 

10 

10 

:iii 

IS 

•JO 

f.S 

■IT 

17 
2S 

0 

11 

ao 

IS 
20 

:iO 

1 0    r-o 

17 

CM      l!l 

;io 

11 

]-2 

"■J 

(■.7      1  1 

■|0 

II        00 

.■'-• 

I'.l 

L'O 

1:: 

I-' 

II 

1.". 

11       01 

n 

L'O 

i:. 

11 

■2- 

It 

10 

AVc  linv(%  nrrnvdinij  to  finiiss'  nirtliml  of  rcdurtioii  (Cliiiiivcnct's  Splicrifiil  iiiiil 
I'riicticiil  Astnnioiiiy,  N'ol,  I.  \\  "J I  I),  witli  tlir  iissitiiicd  loiijjtitiidc  15''. 10:5  west  of 
(ircciiwicli : — 

^  =  sun's  declination  lit  iiiiimvcnt  noon        .         .         .       -= -(-1(1°  1(1'  ()."»". 4 
5,=      "  "  iiicaii  "  .  .  .       -.  ^-l(l    1(1    (l!).'i 

A5  =  lionvly  iiicroiist^  of  declination,  +  for  sini  moving'  nortliwaril  =- l'2'M 

^,  =  meridian  /eiiith  disttnice  =^  (p — (^=:^5()'^  OG'  5')" 

i>=;li()nr   an^de    of  niaxiiiniin   iiltituile   (in    seconds  of  tlie    cliroiioineter)  =rr 

[!).-IO.»94]  --'. ;  the  inigular  brackets  include  ti  lo;;iirit]nn. 

1  , 1  (lift  d)  (■(«  A  ,.       ,,  ,  ,.  ,  , 

il  =  /.■  — ;        -  tor  the  sun  and  ii  niciin  tmu"  clironoineter. 

Mil  i;, 

/,•'  =  a  tabular  ntiiiilier  having'  fur  its  arf,'itinent  <ST — <^/■',  tliat  is,  tlie  daily  rate 

of  the  clironoineter  less  the  ditily  liirr<<isr  in  tlie  e(|iiation  of  time  //, 

uhich  is  positive  when  tidditive  to  apparent  time. 

fiJ:  =  —'r.i,  1)T^  +l\5,  /.■,=_  [O.OOOO!)].  .1  —  +().:},-)(l()4  and  S  =r— :3()'.S. 

<J)=^^ — Am  +  ^1  +  //where  iii  is  a  tabular  number  depending,'  on  the  hour  au^le 

f  reckoned  from  tlie  instant  the  sun  rciiches  its  maximum  altitiule,  — Am 

the  reduction  to  the  observed  zenith  distance  and  y  =  ^1  --'\"'  ,f,   ~-= — O.'i 

61  u  I 


A  STIIONH  M  IC  A  I.    A  N  I»   <i  IMMi  i;r  \  r   oils  !•;  I!  \    \  I  |(»\  s 


.Ml  iiii  tin r  ii|i|mri  Ml  ii'I'Mi 

riirHihiiiiciii'  t'l'iur 

rlinilliillll'lcr  lillK'   III'    |||l|l:iri  III    llnnll 


('liriiljillllrlrr  tillli'  iif   r-MU'it  tllll.\illllllll  llllllllll 


.   —  I    111     :;'i;i 
II     IM      |i.  .< 
— ;iii  "t 
II    till    1.1 7 
Frum  rilliftiiiK»livlc,  ttilli  »•-— l'  Jl".i;        >•,-—!    -Jl"  :>        /,,«•  +"" 


111*"  riir  ^'^'!i 

III  M  :ii| 

II  (i:i  :iT.:> 

11  UIJ  M 


;t:r  .M'  n' 

:i.'i  ifi  :i(i 

;;:i  •.:i  :i.'i 

:ia  JU  (IT 


HI/I 

1117" 


*  +  W.t 

y:i-  .-i;;'  •.•«" 
u 

:>:i    .°i;i    ■i>i 


From  Hcxiiiiil,  Willi  ;•  —  — 1'  iiV'.i        r  — — I'  'Ji'.".a        n,  —  +" 


III''  :.7"'  :i;i".;j 

II  III!  |l'i.7 

II  ID  •:« 

11  1  .J  Xi.  7 


i:i  ■ 


It 


:i:i  !>-2  :il 
;i;i  ;il  Ml 
•M    r.i    :;'.) 


Ml  ;ili.  Ii\    liiTir  iillil  MXlalil 
I'd  +  ».    1^ 


:>ii 


.'III 
7st 


:t.'i 

!i:i 

41 

:i;i    :<-i    i:\ 


•  t>»        (M 


I  111'.    ii;    ii'.i 


111 


'I'll  is  liititiiilr  Wiis  iiIm)  iliti  iiuiiiril  liy  Iviiiir,  .liil)  111.  1  "^"t:!,  A.  Si  Hint  ;i^'.  nli-riM  r.- 
I  luiiiitl  7'."  '.'•.''  .'iS". 

'I'lic  ini'im  (if  tlir  two  (lrtri'niiiiiitiiiii-<,  or  7',' '  'JM'  ol  ",  lias  hvvn  iidniiti  'l  as  u 
rclialilr  latitiulc  of  tlu'  (iit\iriiur"s  Ikhim'  at  I'liiMU. 


'i  II 


Oli-ri'viiiiiiii-i  t'nr  l.iii'jiiiiili',  .\ii'j'ii~t  7i|i. 
('liiMiiiiiiii'li  r ii|i;ii'i-iiii- ;  A  7'=  +  I''    Ol'"  ;iT".'.i  I'nr  |iMiKri  cliniii.-:  nlrr. 


('lirnii"Tii('li'r. 
:2IMI7 

liir.J 

740 


I  I 

15 


I'licki't  clirnnmni'li.T. 
0''    :;il'"   ITMl 

II    .'il     -Jir. 
(I    :\-i    •>'.>.:> 


Mi'.'iii  till 


1    ;;i    117  1 


_:!'■   in  '  :;i'.5 
— :!     (I     iiii.'i 


III      ...Mi 


(N.  15.    AiKitlicr  rmiiparison  on  tlir  (itli  shows  tlir  niirrctncN,  lA'  tlic  al;ii\r.) 
'I'lic  coriTctinn  1111(1  rati'  of  tlic  tlir  r  (•hionniiicti  rs  wcir  ilctrriniiicil  at    liii-tnii, 
July  7,  iNliO,  liy  Willianl,  as  follows:  — 


I'lironomcliT. 

'.'(1(17 

liii'i^ 

740 


a'/'  nl  llo^itoii  nil 
lirt'Hiiwii-h  time. 

+  l'";i.v.:i 
+0    r.7.it 

+  1      11.7 


llll.-.Oll  Ml.'  J/' 


A  /'nn  <i 


r....nw.  tun.. 


Aiii-'iHt 


.:i  7'on  l'r..r(.ii  tiiiM'     I.i'Iil.'.  of  rr.'.ri.ii 
AiiL'ti.>t  7.  w..-t  of  (Jrfi.iiwifh. 


40*.  t         I       4  I"' 47 


4".: 


41     ii-i-J 


4 :ir. 

4  1        (Ml,. 


.(•Ill  ij.j'.j 
i-2     ii:i.7 


0.0        I       4  1      II 


Ml 


40    .'iiJ.r,  1     ;!    4.'    07. .'1 
.     I!     IJ     111 


Tho  lnii<,'itu(l('  (Ictcrniincd  approNiniatcly  liy  Kane,  in  1  >■");'),  was  :!'  {■*'"  'My  (sec 
p,  41  of  his  Astrouoiiiical  C)l)scr\ations). 


li'iP 


'  Siiiilli.sDiiiiiii  C'oiilributiuns,  isr.O:  Kiinc's  AstiMin.iiiii.iil  tHiscrviitinn.^  in  llic  .\  relic  .'si'iis.  |i.  '.W. 


•-Jl 


1!  K  C  O  I!  P    A  N  D    11  !■;  S  U  I,  T  S   0  F 


Port  Foiilke,  (tr.sKiivA'ioiiy,  Smitit  Sitiait. 


Tort  Foulkc,  a  sliort  distiincc  to  tlic  nortlnvard  nnil  eastward  of  C'a])('  Alcxniidcr, 
Smitli  Strait,  was  tlic  winter  ([iiartcrs  of  the  expedition  dnriti^  lN(i()_lyGl ;  tlio 
astroi-iniieal  and  magnetic  observatory  is  situated  at  tlic  head  of  tlic  bay. 


i 


I  ; 


Olisci'validiis  fur  tiiiR'.     Si'iitciiibor  Htli,  Isci). 
Dciulilc  iiltitiiitt's  (if  tlic  sMii  willi  rt'llrftiiiir  cii't'li 


Iiich'X 


)'   r,ii" 


It"    _;!{i'  L>(i") 


JO     lu 


I'licki'l  iliniiKiiiictcr. 
■1"    (111'"   (ll» 


il      (II 


20 


!l      \> 


M     i; 


(  0(1' 

(  00 
( .Ml 
(iiO 

(:!0 
(  10 


Cori'octioii  +1'    17".5 


I'oikL't  clirnncimetcr. 


II      II 


;>     (II 


:© 


:.)     (i:l 


'.'.1    (III 


!  I    :<i: 


(  to 


( :;o 


( J(l 


T  =  +-.'i;  .11,  I! 


■2T'  Ml  III  i; 


■1''  IT"  i; 


IS    07 
11)     04 


I      -21      10 


0(i 


'2:\     1  t 

I 

d"     _:',!'   00') 


24^  45' 


M     41 


(nO' 

(  r.o 

(  -JO 
(  L'O 


(.'ill         uO 


( -.0 


(40 


CIO 
/  L>0 


0      — :io    40 


) 


(".irrcciiiHi  +r  Oj 


.\--iuii''il  l;iiitiii|i'  Ts''  17'  ;;;i",  ii-.<iniii(l  JnMn-jiiiilc  l''.s(;."i  wol  ul'  (irccnwirli. 


Itediiciiiy  tiK 


se  oliserx  ill  ions  liv  the  torniulii 


1/ 


4r 


i  [s  +  W'  — '^)]  -'■"  '>  [s'— ('/'  — '^)]^ 


(•(/.v  d)  ro.s  i] 


^ 


we 


have  for  each  set:   /• i'  :V2".l 


V  40". 0 


TT,  -^-  + 


4''     i-J'"  0C,'-,0 

4     I'll    o'.i,;i 


i7^    4  1'    i-J' 
;s    (II    ii2 


-l-ri'^  00'    .•,: 
+  ,"i     (III      4." 


+  .")r"  (is'  is' 

+  ;"i:i      (111      (II 


('oincrtint;  into  ine;in  time  and  comparin^i;  witli  tlie  clironometcr  time,  wc  find 


the  eiironometer  corrections:  — 


.0  luid  IVoin  m'ciukI  stl 


A?': 


r.o    ;!;").  I 


(»li.-ci'v;llinii.-  fill'  tiliir,  SrjitcmliiT  '.l|||  (lOlli  A.  M.).      Slriilli:;'  wiliil.  iill'ci'liliL''  till.'  iirliliciitl  Imrizorv 
J)iiilili'  iillitinii's  (if  llii'  sun,  wilh  I'dirctiii"-  'ii'rlr. 


f-f:;-j'    III"     _;!!'   on") 


I'orki't  rliMtTMinu'ter, 
to''    S'"   42' 


11      2.'i 


10      07 


10      II      (I'i 


II      i: 


1.'     -JO 


(.  +  ■■ 


JO    ;io 


) 


'ill      "lO 


OJ 


CJO' 

'(  00 
CliO 
(40 
CO 
"/  40 


2© 
2S     (111 


(10 


■js      I: 


(  20 

(  00 

(  III 

(JO 


Ciin'rciion  -f  1 '   o' 

Pocket  I'lirnnonii'tcr. 
10"    14"'  21)-       ! 


l.'i     02 


ir.    42 


10     10     .'■)0 


20 


2S     24 


(211'' 

(00 

(40 

■(  00 

(40 

(.JO 


20 


f  10 
(  20 
(  .")0 

'(  HI 

( i;o 

(10 


A  S  T  i;  ()  N  <»  M  I  (■  A  I-    A  \  It    (i  i:  ()  ]i  V.  TIC    (»  I!  S  K  11  \  A  'I'  I  ()  \  S. 


T  =  +  20°.ri,  r.  =  2;i"-.5o  ut  cs' 
=  — .i'02".G      r,  =  — ;;' ^v,i".;: 


10"    _:;ii' 
Jo      — ;;ii 


('nri'Octiilll  +1' 


1(1''  10'"  ;!:i,'2  I   Tfi5  1." 


+  i~  cr   ^s"  ■ —311''  OS'    ]-2'      _;;'"  17. 


10    k; 


JO. 


;(i    oi    -J  J 


+  1     i:; 


— ;j7     II    (Ml 


IT.^ 


-II     ;iO     -J:;..! 


Tlieso  observations  wiTc  ikj  doubt  afiVctinl  by  tlir  stroiii,'  wind,  the  loull  will 
therefore  not  be  used. 


01)scrviitiiiiis  f(ir  tinip,  Scptoiiilirr  I 


0. 


Poiilile  nil  it  lilies  (if  the  sun,  willi  rilleclini.''  cirrli', 


Inile 


(+:!^'    10' 


ill'    40' 


roikct  clinpiiomi'tur 


nil      nwm    Hll« 


^m    .jy« 


10     00 


10 


41      1: 


41      4S 


i  +  - 


40        —.-JO     -JO    ) 


Ciirri'ctiun  -{-  \'  b' 


'.:>    41J 


20     4S 


20     4.' 


20     4  2 


(20'' 

(00 

(00 

lliO 

(:jO 

"(20 

CiO 
(10 
(40 
"(40 
(40 
"(40 


I'ui'kc't  ilironomi'ti.T 


4  1      H 


07 


4.".      40 


+ 


I!  =  2n'".r)0  !it  01- 


llllli'X 


.  (  +o2'  40"     _.'ll'    00' 


hci 


=  _('  12' 


(4-:iu'    ;)0     _:;i»    40 
«.  =  +  »■ '.a 


20 


.,^,  <  20" 

"^  (00 

„-  (  40 

•'•'  (10 

., ,  <  40 

■'-  (40 

(10 

-'    (20 
c,    <fiO 


!.j    1  ;i 


1  20 


( 


00 


t'ciiTi'iitiun  +  57' 


40"'  0r)'..3 


Ur 


-,4'    OS' 


a     44     as.O    I    77     04     O'J 


+  4''  as' 
+  4     -M 


It"    -f4;p  la'  a2"i     — :i 


+  44 


;i2     42    ;      — ;J 
Mean 


22".  4 
22.1 


-0''  i'lO'"  na'.r, 
-0    f)()    :;o.-2 


—0      JO 


ii.:j 


Oliservatioii.s  for  latitude,  Scptomlicr  Otli.     Ilcnri'tiiig  circle. 


Iiiilox 


CircuniniL'i'idian  altitmlcs  of  tlio  sun. 

(4..'!2'10"     —31' 20")         (+32'  10"     —31'  20") 
(+32    20       —31   20    )         "(+32   30       —31    00     >" 


Correction  +  31".,') 


Pouki't  elironomi.'tor 


I.     ,l.)m    ;j.)S 


0"    42' 


44 


(Applies  to  reatling.s  taken  Iieforo  0''  47'".) 


33 


20 

r,,    (30" 

"(40 
(40 
(  30 
.  (00 
'    "(00 


0 


20 


0     45     3t 
40     45 

34 
34 

'»{SI 

48     28 

34 

April,  1865. 

Pufkct  chrouomuter 


0"  :>-2 


53     05 


4S 


2© 


(50'' 
"(  40 

(  50 
"(  51) 
(  10 
"(30 


20 


0     55 

17 

-'  8  }■;:, 

55 

50 

"i      s     1"' 
"*     **    l30 

50 

38 

n.         n        |30 

10 


11 


(I" 

111'" 

:!ir 

Ai     11 

f.() 

'Jl 

:;i     11 

r,\ 

21 

;!  1    11 

i!  Kf'o  I!  i>  A  N  i»  i;  Ksr  i/rs  o  v 

( .-,11" 
(III 
(  1(1 

"( :!ii 
(1(1 
( :;ii 


T  =  +  •J'^  .(I.  1!  =  ■Jli"'.s(i  111  r,2  ■         Imlcx 
,•  =  _;!' ■.>i".s       «,  =  +  s  .1 

We  liavc  fuvtlu-r  — 

8=  +  T)"  (ir   (i:!".:! 
«,=.  +  ,)     (11       iiDM 

AS  =  —;■)(;■'. sv 

Mean  time  of  npimrciii  noon 

CliroiiomctiT  t'l'iMP. 

Clii'onomcti'i'  time  of  iipparciit  iuku 

Cliryiioiiiclcr  tiiiiu  u 
T 

()'■  4:r  2s".t 

0  41)  55.7 

0  50  2!t.O 

0  5:i  (15.;! 

0  55  5s.(l 

0  5v  21.;! 


-w 

0''   57'"  25" 

.,..0     ,/    j^'l"" 

•'•'     '    1  Id 

5S     ;i2 

....      ,     j  20 
"•'     '    |;;d 

5U     (IT 

■'•     '    |oo 

-::(i'  Id"  1      f 

+  ■■ 

,■2'  40"    — .'io' 

5(1"  } 

-;;(i  :;(i    )"      \ 

+  •■ 

,■>  50      — ;jo 

40    > 

+  00 


C'lirarlinii  +  r  on    ,  [\ii\Aw>  ufkT  o''  IT" 


f,  =  t:!^  i:!;i'; 

/ 

/■•=^  [0.001124] 

6  7'=+    ;!'.2 

.1  =    0.21111) 

6/;=  — 2o.(; 

J,   =_(1,SMJ 

;/    =_0".5 

.     —0"      2'"  50'.  .'1 
.      ^-  0     50     ;!5.5 

It   MOdll 

0     47      !!(1.3 

.    —0      1     os.r, 

iii.xiiiuiiii  ultitmli' 

0      40      27.(1 

h 

m.l 

A  4-  mA 

ir,-  40'  oil" 

4" 

1(1°  4(1'   i;i" 

k;    4(;    ;io 

0 

:>() 

k;    40    20 

7 

27 

1(1      4(1      OS 

18 

2G 

1(1      15     4S 

•M 

2(i 

1(1     45     2S 

5!) 

VilluC 

27 

Mriili,  I'rjri'tilij;'  flivt 

1(!     4(1     27 

'JO  +  »,  +  ,'/      • 

.     115     04     00 

TS     17     ;!li±  1".S 


Oh'o'rvatittns  for  LouijilmJi  <<J'  Pod  Fonlhe 


Tlic  matcrinl  for  tlic  (IctfTiiiiiiatinn  of  lonii;itii(lc  is  wxy  scanty,  and  tlio  srparatc 
results  cannot  be  made  to  liannonizc  as  well  as  is  ilcsiralilc.  It  was  Mr.  Sunntag's 
intention  to  obs(>rve  as  many  eclipses  of  Jupiter's  first  satellite  as  could  be  procured ; 
unfortunately  of  this  class  of  observations  there  are  but  four  now  available.  The 
chronoiiietric  determination  is  very  unreliable,  althousj;h  the  indications  of  the  three 
chronometers  kept  tolerably  well  toi:;ether  as  far  as  I'riJven,  we  find  them,  a  month 
later,  diverging  to  the  extent  of  four  minutes ;  it  is  evident,  therefore,  that  they 
sustained  considerable  disturbances  in  tlu'ir  rate,  undoubtedly  produced  by  th(<  con- 
cussions of  the  vessel  with  waves  and  ice.  A  third  way  by  wliich  1  hoped  to  obtain 
at  least  a  closely  approximati'  restdt  is  partly  astronomical,  partly  geodetic.  TIu' 
meridian  of  Van  Rensselaer  Harbor,  Dr.  Kane's  winter  (juarters  in  lS.j;3-';)4-'.).">,  is 
well  determined  astronomically  by  moon  culminations,  eclipses,  and  occultations, 
and  by  adding  the  geodetic  difference  of  longittule  between  the  two  observatories, 
as  measured  on  the  track  chart,  a  longitude  for  Port  Foidk(>  was  obtained  more  in 
excess  of  its  most  i)rol)id)le  value  as  tliat  liy  the  chronometers  was  in  defect.  Wv. 
have,  therefor(\  to  infer  that  the  distance  between  Smith  Strait  and  Van  liensselaer 
Harbor  was  overrated  by  K;ui(\ 

1  proceed  to  give  the  nuiiu'rical  results  by  each  of  the  three  methods, 


A  S'l'  IK)  N  (>  M  I  (•  A  I,    A  Nil    (;  i!  o  I>  i:  T  I  C    ()  I   S  i:  l;  \    A   T  Ml  N  S 


11 


'I'lic  I'nllowiliLr  I'lilir  cciijiscN'  ul'  JlHiitcl's  tii>t    Mltdlitr  WclT  lliitcil    li\    llic    |inrk(  I 


clivonniuctir 


Isc.o.     Nuviiiilni'  1>  ( I'.Hh  A.  M).     Di-iiiiprariinio  11''   0.' 


A.  .■<iiiiiit:)L'.  iili-orvi  r. 


.luiiilcr  iimili  Wiiviiiir,  tiiiii'  uin'crlaiii  to  -IW. 
l¥(;l.     Jmuiury  .'JO  (;!l.-l  A.  M,).     I»is:iiiiiciinuicc>  12''    -J"'"  ^i;\     M.  (i.  llaildiir,  (jlisiTvtr. 

Nutu  as  a'iiivi'. 

IsOI.     I'Vbniary  0  (Till  A.  M.).     Pisiiiiiicaraiicn  2''   21'^   12".     H.  0.  KadclilV,  cbscrvrr. 

I'luiirl  iiiistciidy,  lime  iiiicri-taiii  to  .j'. 
iS<U.     I'l'liniary  8.     Disftiipcnmiico  »"   i")!'"  2:i'.     II.  (i.  i'.iulclill',  dlixTvcr. 

VtTy  .^liJ:llt  snow  I'alliiiLr,  timr  uiir(  ri;iiii  (o  2iV. 

Tlic  snmo  mnc;nifyintr  pfnvcr  nf  t('l('srn])("  was  used  in  tlic  itliovc  (ilisci'Mifiniis, 
AV(>  hiixc  11(1  coniiiarisoiis  of  (•liiDiKniictris  on  No\(iiil)(r  Is,  iuul  as  tlic  ]io(k('t 
chronnnictcr  was  allowed  to  run  down  between  Octohev  ol  and  NoMirdiir  •,'!(,  its 
rate  is  detevniined  from  observations  on  Octolier  17  and  October  ol,  and  its  cor- 
rection from  observations  on  Xovcmber  !2!). 

Ob.sorvatiuiis  for  timi',  Oetolu'r  ITili,  ISfiO. 


Duuljlo  ullitiKk'S  of  u  Lvriu,  witli  rcflcftin;;  riri.'li 


Iiidrx  - 


(+0'    4(1"     +1     4(1"      +r    110") 


(+0    ;iu      +1    40      +1    ;io   > 


C'olTi'ctioIl   +    1        111 


Poc'ljot  I'liroiiouii'tiT 
1(1''    (!(('"  2(i* 


1      20 


2(1 


C,     4.^1 


4^ 


H     21 


II) 


10      11 


T  =  —  2",  IJ  =  29'' 


S4'  51 


41; 


40 


1  :jo 

joo 

(20 

jio 

(20 


m; 


0  at  r,\' 


(20 
(20 
(20 
(20 
(20 
1(10 


10 


40 


(JO 


Iliilcx 


I'otkot  clironoiiii'tor 
lU"    12'"  20' 


1.'!    l: 


14      h 


1.')    ;;(i 


li;    t: 


IT      I." 


1  >•    .-.i; 


211     i: 


21     iiii 


22     (i^f 


+  r  40"     +r  ."lO"      + 1    00'    f 
■fl    40        +1    40        +1    10     ) 


40 


2^ 


f  20 
(20 

(  00 


4:1 


(   10 

■(  :io 
(  20 

j20 
(10 

(  40 


I  40 


(20 
(  00 
(   10 


Con-'ii  +  1 


These  observations  will  be  combined  two  by  two. 

Hcfcactioii  )•  for  fii'st  oliscrvatiDiis  —  1'  lo".:!,  for  last  —  I'  12". !• 
Star's  ilci'liiiation  6  =  +  .'is-  :;'.r  .'U",!),  riu'lil  asci'iision  Is''  :12"'  1;!' 


The  hour  ano-le  /  is  found  from  '<«  t . 


h 


sill  n  —  ■'-(//  (!)  SI II  () 


I 'IIS  (1)  run  f) 


<*s 


i. 


;;'^l 


'm 


t*,' 

"'^1 


'  Tlnvc  oilier  iiliscrvatioli^  wulV  found  to  In.'  occillliitioli-  of  tin'  sifcliiti',  not  ci'lipscs  ;   llicy  arc  of 
110  valiiu  for  our  jmrposi'. 


.«::! 


12 


R  K  C  O  r.  P   AND    n  E  S  U  L  T  S   0  F 


Sideroal  tiiiic  at  niciin  noon  ]:'>'' 4. V"  ;is-..') ;  tlic  sidcvciil  time  !■<  CDriVcitcd   into 
mean  time,  and  A7'is  the  clirniioiuctcr  coiicctiDii  on  mean  local  time. 


T 

/i 

/ 

i.T 

10''  on™ 

no,' 

420 

2.'!' 

fiS" 

M° 

4:r 

37" 

_4S'"  57^ 

10     03 

OS 

42 

17 

y.l 

(W 

15 

31) 

— 10     01 

10     00 

o:j.r) 

42 

OS 

;i:i 

(,.S 

01 

10 

— 4S     55 

10    08 

:!4.;') 

42 

ot 

ot 

OS 

39 

2(1 

— 4H     54 

10     It 

04,  f) 

41 

r.:j 

51 

r,<) 

15 

31 

— 1(1     00 

10     12 

^y>.-) 

41 

4S 

17 

li'.i 

4:; 

3S 

— IS     5(; 

10     It 

f)t 

<ll 

■■> 

10 

70 

13 

31 

— (s     5S 

10     17 

It 

41 

.'!.') 

)>•> 

711 

4  7 

11 

—  r.i    113 

10      lit 

.'U.:') 

41 

2S 

17 

71 

23 

40 

—  IS     5S 

10      21 

35 

41 

22 

27 

71 

52 

4  7 

—  I'.l     (13 

Muuu 


Oliscrvniioiis  fortiini',  Ortulicr  31,  IsdO. 


—  IS     5S 


.5+0".  7 


Double  altituilc 


a  Lvni-,  with  relk'otiiiu  (.'irclo. 


Itiikw 


+  32'  00"     — 20'  20' 


+  32 


20 


28    50 


I    { 


+  1'  4(1"    _r  00' 


-hi    40 


-0    40 


Mi'lui  cum'i'ticiii  +  I ' 


PoLk-it  chrouometer 
ti"    OS""  2(!' 


00     2(5 


10     40 


20 


12 


4     02 


12 


in 


IS     13 


10     1," 


S4=  34' 


20 


10 


OS 


01 


(00' 
(40 
(10 
I  (10 
f20 
"(10 

foo 

140 
((iO 
"(40 
f30 
\U) 
(10 
C20 
(20 
■(21- 
(20 
"(  20 


30  -; 


(so 


10 


T  =  +  1. 


X). 


m  fit  31' 


Illll. 


;+■ 


r  =  _r  10  "  Sand  ?•,  =  —  1'  13".T 

«=  +  3S^39'  33  ".3 

a=       18"  32™  13".  2 

Sidereal  time  at  nuan  nuoii  14''  40'"  50'. 3 


I'OL'kft  clironomoter 


')'■ 


21'"  21' 


22  23 


24  20 


28  48 


20  4:' 


?,0     47 


82 


f40' 
i  40 
<  i;o 
(  20 
(40 
■(  40 
(20 
"(20 
(40 
(liO 
(40 
120 
(00 
•'  (40 
,.  (40 
-'  '(20 
(40 
■(  20 
( i;o 

(40 


12 


0(1 


41 


21 


^,0"  —z 


+  .32  40   — 2S  20  ) 


2(1' 


Mi'iiii  eiiri'cetiiiii  +  2'  IT '.2 


*'  OO") 
+  32  2i.   —27  40  j" 


0''  08'"  50" 

!)  11  04.5 

9  13  2'.i.5 

9  15  55.5 

9  IS  44 

9  21  52 

9  23  51.5 

0  2(i  37 

9  29  15.5 

9  31  08,5 


42°  i; 


09 


11 


42  02  IS 

4 1  55  24 

41  4  0  32 

4  1  37  1 0 

41  31  11 

41  22  4  0 

41  11  45 

41  Oil  00 


r,7°  25'  20 

07     50  53 

(iS     33  00 

09     07  43 

09     52  1 9 


70 


i9 


Ml 


40 


n  OS  51 
il  51  07 
1 2    30     59 


— 19'"  13^ 

—411  10 

—49  17 

—49  24  ivjculed 

—49  15 

—49  IS 

—49  10 

—49  14 

—49  15 

—49  13 


-411 


.2+o^ 


IlrnciM'atc  .)f  pocket  clironoinetevlietweenOctijber  17  and  (Ictolier:}!.  hT=^  —  \:'i 


mmn 


A  S  T  I!  ()  \  ()  M  I  (■  A  I,    A  N  D   C  K  0  D  I'  T  I  ('    (i 


i:  V  A  I'lONS, 


Oli-ii'\;itii'ns  fill'  liiiio.  Xiiviiii'iri-  l''.iiIi.  1->i;(1. 

I'lplilili'  illlilmlrs  (jf  a  I.vr;r.  Willi  I'lllrrl  ill'.'  cinli' 


I  mil' 


,+•■::;     III 
[+■■■,■2    ID 


-:iii   .",0 
-M  on 


Cjll'irlinll   -fid 


Poiki'l  diroiioiuuter 


nh     O'-m 


M' 


4S 


is     10 


sr  11 


lit 


r  =  —  r  OS 

5  =  +  :is>  :;; 


,.    t-jo 


(  (Ml 
<  III 
(  I" 
(  L'll 


T  =  +  :2P 


I!  =  ;;i)''.o7i;  m  W 


1(1 


III 
,  =  — 1    111".  1 


j-  +;!-j-  -jii       _:;ii    (u     ) 
(^  -j-:;j   (III       — :;ii    :;ii     | 


liT'Mi 


Sidcrcu!  time  ill  iiicuii  iimdh  li;''  0.")"'  liV.  t 


fi     :2'.i 


-111' 


•IS 


C     :J>J     l: 


1:;-  Is'  -.'."i" 

I -J  III  (i."i 

^\  ."ii  I') 

■II  ;i7  12 


r.T"    ir     1:2" 
C.s     l'I     -Jii 


llciiip  A  T  Xiivciiilicr  I '.nil, 


lite  I,  (li. 


niiliciiraiicc, 


+  (;- 


I,riciil  liu'iill  tiiiic  (if  ecliii-c,      ;;.'l    (ICi     (11 
(irei'liwicii  iiiciiii  tiluc,  27 


Liiiiu'iliuU'  I'lirl  I'"i 


12 

1 1  west  of  fin 


('olTcrliuM  +    I'; 


—  12 


im; 


Tlu^  covrcctioii  of  the  iKickct  clirondiiH'tcr  nu  locul  time.  January  oOtli,  is  fihtaincd 
1)V  moans  of  conipavisniis  with  the  three  mean  time  clirduoineters  (in  tl:at  (hitc  and 
the  rates  (if  tlie.se  clirdndnictcrs  (h'terniined  lietween  MoMinlier  ",",).  iMid,  and 
Marcli  S,  lS(;i. 

(Jlj.-orviiiiiiiis  for  time,  March  8,  ISC.l.     S.  J.  McCuriiiick,  nli-rrvi'i'. 
Altitiidi'.s  III'  till'  .-^iiii.     Till!  tinier  frivi'M  nre  iiicnn.s  of  .-^fViM'iil  iilisiTviitiniis,  llio  currt-'.-iionilinir  inraii 


!illiUiili;.<  iU'c  :iiiiiiu.~L'il  (•urroctcil  fur  imlrx  LTrdi'. 


I'oL-ki't  i'lirciiiiiiin.'tor 
*jii    ;")X"'  2y 
•S     00     ;"iO.,") 
«  =  s" 
6  =  _.p  :]^'  4t" 


8.")='  4(;'    2.V' 
85     51     l(i 


4-    1(1'    Is" 
4     (i.">     li'.l 


bciici'  ; — 


+  40=  50'    0(1" 
+  41     20     24 


Ji  =  2'.l"'.: 
+  1(1'"  "il'..'] 

+  10    51. ;i 
Mvaii 


lit  4r 
5'J" 


-I'  i.-r.t 

-I      14.1 


fm  a 


riirmiomctcr  ('(iiiipari.soiis  :  Xnvriiiln'r  2'.i,  l''i!i\     CnrriTiiuii  nf  |ni(.liet  cliriiiiiiiiii'tcr  =  —  IV 


I'Ockc't  I'lllnlKUlK 

8''  IS'"  2ii-.2 
r.l  44.'.) 
20     4;i.2 


Mean  time. 

8''     Is'"    I'.r.'.l 

1!)      :!s.(l 

20    ;j(i'.( 


Chriiiiiinii'tt'r-^. 
2(1(17  :  1''  s'" 
10i;2  :    1        11 

74(1  :    1      10 


f'oiivilinii  on  iiiiMii  tiiiii; 
I  —1''    4'.i'"   4(lM 

j  —I       r.l       -JII 

1         —4     4 '.I      2:;.  1 


I  i 


1  I  IJKCOI!  I)    A  N  n    IlKSr  LTS    OF 

('lir(ii;nni('tti'  cniiiiiari-ions:  .Miiivli  k,  lsi;i      ('(irrcclidii  (if  ))iickct  clii'MiinincliT —  1'"  !:;".0 


I'liuket  c  liKiumui'lur. 


Mean  tiini>, 
n''    :JI"'  iW'.l 

:i    .'M    r.(. I 
■i    :•,:>    -21  1 


Cliroiiniiii'ti'rs, 

2(107  :   S''    *J-i"'   2(1" 

1(M',2  :   H     21      2.'i 

7HI  ;   s     2.'>      I.') 


Ciiiri'ctioii  cm  iiii'iiii  tiiiK!. 

—  I''     IT"'   .'iir.',) 

—  I      I'.i      27. '.t 
— !     ,'iii     2:i.'J 


20117  : 

loi;2: 

710: 

J',  fill' 


P.iilr,  6  7'=^''""'^''''='     fill' 21107  :       +  I'.Ot 

I(((;2;       — 0.07 

710:       —  ().(i2 

I'liclict  (■liruiKinictur,        —  2.50 

('lii'(i!Kiiii(')or  (■(iiii|iarisons,  Jniiiiiirv  :!l,  l^ill. 

a7'N"V.  2n.  iV         a/' .(any  31.      l'''''";' ',',',"■•      Clii-mi's  .laii'v  :!1. 

■'  l.iiiy.ll. 

:      — 1''  tli'"  40M     +r.01     — I''  IS'"  :!.".'     d''  21'"  10'     20117  ;    "."  10'"  27' 


-I     IK     21. 1     —0.07      —I     r.l     2(1      0    2;')     ;i."i      |(o;2: 


Mi',111  tiriii'. 

+  21'"  :>■!' 
+  2:!    01 


—  1    I'j     2:!.l     — o.';2     —  1 

—  Vi'i.o    — 2..')0  1 


'•0     02      U    2(; 


.:i  r  Jiiininry  .Tl,  \Hr,\ 
Satellite  r,  (lisaiipi'anuice 
1, Ileal  mean  tinu-  (if  eelipse 
(Ji'eeiiwieli  mean  tiiuo 

LoiiKitude  Port  Foulko 


710 :   T)    l;j     17      +--:i     1;") 

Mean 
_  2'"  i:;' 
12     27      in 
12     2.j     O:! 
.     17     n     41 


a/' 

I'ci.'li.il.r. 
—2'"  -IS' 

—2  :;i 
—2  17 
—2     II 

—2    i:j 


4     62     uS  we.'^l  iif  (ireeinvicli. 


Tlic  Incal  tiino  for  the  tn'o  eclipses  in  l^'elivuiivy  is  olitaiiied  liy  menus  of  clivoiio- 
meter  comitiirisons  on  the  7th,  and  tlie  rates  of  the  chronometers  and  tlieir  correc- 
tions are  jirevionsly  determined. 


2''  :!'.i'"  o'.i' 
2    41     27 

2  4;i    ;;i 


Clirononu'ter  coiiiiiarisni)  Foliruary  7ili,  isiil 
■    riirondinctors.               ^  T  M.arcli  8.            A/'Kub'y7.  Pocket  cli'i-. 

2007:  7''  27'"  :W'  ,  — I''  47"'  fiO".!!  '    — 4"  4X'='-  27'     '     2''  42'"  l."i" 
|0i;2:   7    ;!0    f)!!    ,  — 1    4'.t     27.0       — 1    4'.l     20  2    44     lit..') 

740:   7    :!•'{    :J0    ;  — 1    TiO     2:!.!l       — I    TiO    0,')      I     2    4i;    40 
I'dekel  ehr.  !  — (t    01     1. ■;.'.(    i  | 

Mean 
Satellite  I,  ilisappcnranee       ..... 
liiieal  mean  time  of  ecliii.-e               ... 
(jreenwieii  lueiui  time 

Longitude  I'oi't  Fdiilke  .         .         . 
CVirrcetion  sT  of  jineket  cliroiionietc!',  Felmiarv  s 
Satellite  I,  di.saiiiiearanee        ..... 
Fioenl  mean  time  of  eclip.«e     ..... 
(ji'eonvioli  mean  time 

Loiiiriliide  Port  Foiiike  .         .  ... 


Jli'.m  tiiiii>.      a'/'  Poiki't  I'lir. 


— ;!'"  (Ill' 

—2  !'):{ 

—3  0(! 

—3  01 

—3  01 

2    21  42 

II     IS  11 

1  'J     11  24 

4   .r)2  43 

—3  04 

s    ;■)!  23 

.^     4S  III 

13    31)  i")2 

4     M  33 


Itr.r.M'i  rri,.\TioN  nr  lliisn.is  run  Liimiitihk  of  I'mtT  I'm  i.m:  iiuim  misDiiv  hii  IIii.iisks  (U' 

.ll  I'lTKIt's  FIIIST  S.VTKI.I.ITE. 


I  sen,  Nnveiiilier  Is 

Iscl.  .laniiarv  30 

|si;i.  I''el)riian-  o 

lsi;i.  I'lljiMiarv  s 


Mean 


,1,  r,i,n  11* 

1  r)2  3S 

4  :"i2  l:! 

4  r.i  3:1 

4  ri2  Ol    -t  10'  west  iii'lireenwieli. 


1  ! 


oNoMK'Ai,  ANH  (i  1:0  i)i;'r  I  ('  u  us  1:  i;  \  a  r  1 1»  n 


'llii'  I'nllowiiii^  liiiic  (il)>cr\;ilicins  were  irdiiccd  I'nr  th 


viitfs  (iC  till'  clironoiiictcrs  10  Iniiiid  at  l!ii>tnii  w  itli  rati- 1 

The  cliniiioinctcr  ((irrcctiDiis  arc  kiuiwu  I'ldin  oli-i  r\atioii>  nt'  Srjiti 

of  Scpttiiihcr  'I'M,  lN()(». 


lMir|iiiM'  111'  (iiliiiialiliLr    ll 
Irtilinilird  at    I'mt    I'lildk 


■1-  iHl 


I.  ami 


OliMTViiiiiiMs  for  liiiio,  81'piriiilirr  iiil,  l>*riii. 

r)Miililr  iilliliulrs  iil'a  l.vni',  willi  ITlli'rl illi;'  ril'rli'. 


Illili'X 
I'oikul  rliriiiiomi'tur. 


<  +  r  10'      +11'  1(1"      -l-ll'  10"  ) 


(  +1     -JO        +1    00 


t   (»    .10     » 


irrciliHii  -f  .■)('.. "1 


10"    1:^ 


10    i: 


.iS' 


10      H     1; 


10    r.t    I." 


10 


10 


10 


10 


10 


IS 


.1    \i 


L'O 


'.HI      1: 


',10      OJ 


^:l     I'.i 


»  :>0 
(liO 
(  liO 
(  L'O 

(  10 

,  CO 
I   10 


•  10 

,  .;o 
,.    <:iO 


^1 


10 


0-2 


fi^ 


CiO 

( ."lit 

(   10 
«  ,".0 


(  liO 


10 


iliili-'X  lirlUTi'll  till'  two  mIs, 
(  4.(1'    1(1"      +1'   1(1"      4.0'-J(l"> 


( 


(I    fiO 


+  1    20       +0  ."(I   ) 


Cnrri'ctinii  4-  1'^ 
T-=  +  --'o".7,  i!  =  2:i"' 
ami  / 
.:>".  1 


ill  ;>^  ■ 


=  _(ii".(; 


.il.V'.O 


;!i 


6  =  +  : 

a=       1«''  32'"  11'.  3 

ijidi'ival  tiiiiu  ut  mean  nouii  12''  OT"  Or.7 


IVkI;.:!  .Ill 

IT'  ov 


0:1     20 


II       17 


III 


1  1       01 


17 


III 


I  III 


(  III 


( i;o 


(  10 


(  10 
I  III 

.  10 
(  III 
(  10 
(  III 


Ml 


IlnlrX    111    llli'   rlii-r   nl'tllr   i  ll  l-l'I'Vll  lIullS 


+  ' 


O      III 


+  1'  20"      +1'  20     > 
!  I    111  i    20     \ 


(  'nl'lrrlinll    + 


10"  .M'"  .')(V.5 

10  411     00 

10  rrl     12.5 

10  r)4      U.o 


10     f)7 


:!s.;) 


II  CS  ;")(;.') 

11  11  11 

11  1:!  20..') 

II  li;  ll..'> 

11  l^i  lit 


).">'  0:!'  IT' 

■It  r.l  TiT 

M  1:!  2:i 

II  ;!i;  2.> 

II  2S  51 

l:i  57  14 

4:i  50  52 

43  4  1  2(; 


JO    K 


-f  52  ■'•'.y  50 

5:;  1:!  (I'.I 

5!  :iO  33 

55  (IS  4H 

55  4 '.I  4S 

5><  40  10 

50  14  02 

5'.l  4S  0:! 

CO  :)0  55 

CI  02  30 

.Mi'iiii 


o'l  4.' 


11      III 
0      12 


II  l-< 

0  17 

0  II 

II  4  1 

II  13 


0      4: 


-t  (I  .'.I 


f'iii'iiii'iiiiclcr  I'Hiniiiu'i.-ous:  Scplc  iiliiT '. .  l^co.     ('iirrcrlinii  of  |ini.|<i.|  rlirniioiiiit.  r 


Porljet  oliidiioimilor. 
2"    2"'"  21 ',5 
28     25.;! 
2'.t     UJ.J 


Me.111  tiini'. 
"    .■!(•,'"  4 CM 


:iO.  I 


CliroiioinntiT-i. 
2(107  :    C''    2'.i 


loi;2:    C 


1  10:    (i 


—  I''    52'"  i:r.c 

—  I       r.l     00.  s 

—  I      4 'I      211.  C 


Hi 


i;  v.con  II  A  N  n  i:  i;si-  i/is  o  i' 


Soptciii1"i'  10,  IsCi).     Cornclinii  ,<f  jiuikri  iliniimmctir  — .M)'"  ,TI'.!) 


0''    tl'"i2i.'0      ;     i.';;'' 
•li    (i."i.a     i 


rid'"  "ill".  I 

Ml     MM 


MlMIl  A7'(!t  .<!  llltll) 


2(1(17 


I'    i: 


—  I''    US"  (Ki-.'.l       I      _|" 


"i:i'  ll-.S 


Idi.J  :    1      Id 
7ld:    I      II 


I      Id     (h;. 


■  I     Id    (is.:{ 


■  I     r. 


ll""  ri2"'  •».■)".:!  '  II''  ui"  di'.o  2007  ;  i: 
r.:j  ;il.2  II  02  iT.d  idcj:  i; 
M    (»>.;     II    o:{    2:>. I  ,    7 id:  i. 


2(;.(i 

I'mt  Ki.iilki 
— t"   f)l"  ns'.O  '     +l',d(; 
—  I      Id     12.1        — (i.2d 
:j      _!     .Jd     ^l,(;   ,     —d.ld 


—  I     r. 

+  dM      I 
+  (1.2 
0.0 


I     2"<.2 
Adopt.J 


d.O 
•  0.2 


Tlic  iKldjilcd  viit(>  is  found  by  .1,'iviiR,'  tlic  Mci^'lit  J  to  tlic  I'ovt  I'dulkc  rutc  to 


)ii;(lv( 


sonic  iilloWdHcc  I'oi'  tlic  cH'cct  of  tlic  ^M'ciitcr  cold  at  this  |ili 


Thcr 


c  arc  no 


alls  of  obtaining'  sea  rates  for  the  (•liron(niictcr> 


AN 


c  lia\('  ac 


cordinj^lv  tlic  follow  ini'  chronunictric  results: — 


A  7  .Inly  "111 


(111  (iroftiwiill  tillK!. 


2007 


IOC: 


+  1'"  ;f,v.:j 
+0   r.7.0 


Id:    +  1      I  I. 


A  7'  i*i'|itiMiiliiT  !HU 
uu  lliixMittitli  tiuio. 

+  2"'  I  i' 
+  d  ,■.7 
+  I      d2 


A  7'  Sf|iti'nil.iT  11  !i  10 
(Ju  I'dit  l-'uiilkii  tiiiii'. 


■I"    ■-.2'" 


1: 


I'liil  Kcpiilkii. 
I''    aj'"   2tl' 


—  I       Id      OS 

—  1      Id     ■2'i 

Minn 


I 


r.o    (i.'i 

")0    ;!o 

"ii     10  ±  :.o« 


,\  result  to  which  wc  ran  attach  hut  little  ^aIu(^ 


'I'lie  (letcrniination  of  the  lonnitudc  of  I'ort  Voidkc  hy  means  of  the  known 
meridian  of  \';iii  liciiNscIaer  Ilarhor,  and  the  j;co(letic  difference  of  loiiijitudc  \\']\]\ 
I'ort  I'oiilke,  iii\ol\('s  as  an  inteniicdiate  step  the  position  of  Cairn  Point  if  we 
^^isll  to  deduce  the  nio>t  rclialih"  result.  Cairn  Point  is  the  northern  terminal  cape 
of  Smith  Strait,  as  Cape  Alexander  is  that  of  the  sduthern,  both  located  on  the 
(ireciiland  shore.  At  Cairn  I'oint  numerous  measures  were  taken,  important  for 
the  ;j;eography  of  tlie  strait,  licsides  it  served  as  a  jioiiit  of  departuri'  for  the  northeru 
journeys.  IJefore,  liowevev,  j^iviiiL;  the  astronomical  observations  at  this  jioint,  the 
remaininL;  lime  observations  taken  at  Port  Foulke,  and  reciuirod  for  tin;  determiuu- 
tion  of  the  lou''itU(le  of  Cairn  I'oint  and  other  stations,  will  first  be  ijiveu. 


Obscrviilioiis  I'ui' (iiiic,  I'm't  roiilki',  M 


>}■  -".I 


|s(;i. 


riirfinoirti-tiT  2ii07 

-I,      |,|m     o_,» 

10      .^.■) 

1 1    ;jo 


Alliliuk's  of  >lu'  .- 

o 


nil. 


S.  J.  .McL'urmicli,  olj.sLTvcr. 


10=  t.".'  .10"     :     T  =  +  :!2= 

i:;    20        '      I!  =  2d"'.7i!  at  'm'P 

■12    oO  Convfliuii  fur  indr.x,  dip,  rrlViictidii  :iiii|  imriilla.v  =  —  .'i'  04' 


X.  15.  llefractiou  very  i^reat  when  these  si";hts  were  taken. 


Si'iiiiiliiiiiutcr  15'  4S' 


7''  10'"  ;")(','.. 3 


V.r-  O'l'  2(; 


I    +21'^  \r  KV     I 


;2'  10"    I 


aV 

I''  17'"  lo'.d 


AllilmU'.-'  of  till'  >nii,  Ji, 


Till,  ISC, I.     8.  J.  Mft'onnirk,  olj; 


riironnnictor  2"ii7 


■Til 


fiS'"   12' 

fis    r.i 
r.d    07 


O 

3(P  dd'  10' 

(IS      Id 


)D 


07 


Ordiiiurv  rcCriiclidii 


T  =  +  .".2 

I!  =  2d'". 72  at  :'>f 

t'linx'clioiis  as  aliuvt".     .Sriiiidiaiiu.'ti'i'  1.")'  17 


I  ■^; 


">s"'   I0'.7    I    ,"i'.i^  ir  07  "    I     -t-22'-  Id'  d'.i 


■IS-  (_i:j   2il 


— 1" 


I    i"n 


J2".:{ 


A  SI' i;(»  \().\i  1  (■  A  I,  A  N  h  <i  i;oiii:i' ic  u  i;s  i:  i;  \  a  i' i  o  n  s 

Allilii(lr>  111'  till'  ,~ini,  .liiiii'  >ili,  l^-i'il       S.  .1.  .Mi('ni-inu  k,  (iIl-ci'mt 


Cluuncipii'l.T '^'(17  O 

7'    in'"  u.'i'         ;;o '  r.'  .'in 

K!      tit  II     .Ml 

IT      III  II     III) 

Onliiiiirv  I'e'lViifUnii. 

7'  »  t  i:  &r 

T'  ir,"' lii'.:i    I    ii"  Ji"    I    + -.'iJ '  ;■>  I   .'ill  •  I    i:>"  (I.!' :.'.i  ■    |    —run   |  _!■  n  m 


T  =  +  :!  I 

I!  --^  -J'.!"  i;'.i  lit  r.i 

(.'iilTii'linii.,  iiM  iiImivc.      Si  iniili;inii'ti'r  l.'i'  17" 


Alliliiclis  111'  llip  -iiii,  .lui,\   Till,  l^i'.l       S    .1,   .Ml  ('Mriiiii  k.  iiliM  TMi' 


Cliniiiiiini'liT  ill  111? 

7''    ■Ml'"  (If)* 
M      1 1 

8   0(1    ;i  I 


8''    (I I'"   17' 


01      iV> 
(I  J      l.'i 
7' 


O 
.'Jd-    I     III 
•J   :iii 

II     oil 

O 

:.".i-  i'lS'  III 

r.7  •-'i» 

"ii;  (II) 


T  =  4-  l> 

Ii  =  li'.r'.i;!  Ill  .">■< 

('i.ITi  rliiill  I'lif  illiii'S,  ili|i,  Ic'IVaclinM,  Illlil  |i.irilli;l\  — ."i     ii7       0 

Stiiiiiliaiintur  l."»'  111".;! 


7''  .''I'.i'"  l^l^7     i    :>'■>     tu'  IT' 
8   (II     ij'.t.u      i     .VJ     i,-2   Ml 


r.  c  r 

■y  ir,"  I  Hi'  :<•<'    i"      + 1"'  ix-  i     _r'  17'  1^'  0 
J   i.">       17    .'ill  ."ill        + 1    :ii;  .1     —I    17    I'.I. J 


.Menu 


—  1     17      iMl 


Allitiiilr.-^  iif  till'  .-Mil,  .Filly  |:;i!i,  |m;I       S.  ,1.  .McCnriuick,  ulL-rncr. 
ClirniioniiitiT  Ci'O"  O 

7I'   fiH'"  :,[)'  •2'.y^  -Jii'  Till"    I     T  =  ■!•  l.'i' 

;")',!      .'{II  I'.I    (Ml        I      Ii  =  ;i(l"',(l'.l  lit  '17^ 

S     im     (111       I  17    (III       I     C'Di'i't'cliiMi  fill' iiiiUw,  ilip,  iTlriirtiiiii,  mill  pMriillii.x  ~."i' ii'.i" 

T  t;  *  '  1:  i/' 

7'' O'r  2!)'.7    I    ('ill    .'Jii' -Jii"    I    +lM     |i;' n;;"  I    in    t-.".'>i;     |    +.r'ji;'.'.  |   _!'•  i7"' 1 1-..'> 

Omittiiif^  tlir  result   of  May  "jillli,  011  accinint  nt'  iiiiiixial  rcl'ractioii,  v\c  have  llic 
loUowiiii'  chruiuiiuftc'i'  curi'LClioiis  and  rate:  — 


l\>n  Kinilkc. 
ISCI.       .Miurli  S 

Lsi'il.  . I  line  7 

iscl  ,Imiio  s 

ISCl.  July  7 

l8()l.  .Idly  1:! 


('lunllMlll.'ti.r  lillll"  A 

—  T'  17'"  .■)(;■.'.> 

—  1  17    r.-j.'i) 

—  I  17    ".I  :;  >■ 
— 1  17     is.c.  > 

—  1  17    ur. ) 


»/• 

+  (lMi 
+  1  Ii 


The  coiToction  and  rate  of  tlio  pnckct  rhrouomotin'  we  ohtain  from  llic  foUowiiii,' 
(•lii'oiioiiK'tcr  comparisons.  The  jiockct  chrouomctor  liad  run  down  Man  li  Is  and 
was  .si't  approxiuuitt'ly  to  mean  local  time  March  '2'2. 


Compjii'lriiMis  fill'  tlic  uli.-iiTvatioii.s  at  Cairn  I'niiit. 
Clironumt'tor  eoiiijiarisDiis  April  8tli,  l>S('il,  .il  I'ml  I'imIIc. 
I'oikct  jIiroii(miHti.'r.  riironometera.  A/'l'iirt  Fimlki.'. 


1"    .I'.I'"  .'■)'.l'.2 

1    ;")i    ;i(i.r> 

1     53     24.:' 


710:  0''   ;i.'5"' 
Km;  2:  (i    .•?:! 
20(17  :  0     -M 


.M.'UTI  tillh! 

I'..rl  Kiiulkn. 
—4"  r)]'"  20'  0  I  V'  41'"  :i!l''  I 
—4  4'.»  4.i.l  !  1  4;i  H'lO 
— I     47     uj.l      !        I      4.j     04. 'J 


6"    34""  12' of  2007  =  (;''    .'ill'"  (if  |0i;2 

r,    ;i(;         nf  2imj7  =^  c    .'J'l    2.y.0  i^f    Tio 

:i       Miiy,  1805. 


Mtau 


a/'  I'.i.k.l  I'lirnn'r 

1.11  I'oit  I'liiilkL.  limu. 

— .s-"  1 !)"  ,S 

—■I      l!l.(! 

— s     I'.I.:! 

.     — S      I'J.i; 


IM 


I!  KCO  I!  |i    A  N  l>    li  i:s  [■  l,TS    ()  r 


I 


Clirni irlir  r(iiii|ini'i,-(iii^  April  h;i'i,  l'-i;l,iil  I'nrl  !•'' 


I'ok.'l  .  In 


;i'    .Hi'"  ;■>."('.  H 

;;    .Ml    (i.'i..'( 

I     01      II. :J 


(liii'iiiiiii.'li'r.-t. 
•J(i(l7  :  s''    ;i(i" 

710:   N      I  I 


i  /'  r.ill  I'nlllkl'. 

—  T'    l7"'iMMi 

—  I    I'.'    17. t; 

—  I     .M     .J'.i.l 


M.'.'iii  tliii.' 
I'm  I  l''iiiilki.. 

!!'■     M'"  Oil-. -I 

;i    00    k'l 


.M.ao 


.1  T  I'll,  kit  I  Icrr.ii'r 

nil  I'l.il  iMiiilki'  tiuiii 

— «'"  M:i 

—  H      M.  1 


— s    M  ;i 


s''   );;'■'  III'  •.'(1117  =  si'    n" 


il'  loi; 


«     I.',     dl'  JII07  »  ,s     IS      I  iTi  111'     710 

4 7' of  |iuckil  ilii'ipiiiimrlt'i'  = —  I". J 

Cairn  Point,  ."^Mrrii  Stuaip. 
Oli.sci'viilinii-  liii- ialllinlr  nf  Ciilni  I'dliil,  Ajiril  IJlli.  I^i;l. 
Mciiiliuii  iillliiuli'  ill'  ilii;  .-nil.     .'>'   J.  Mi'C'iii'iiiicli,  iili.-ri\ti'. 
i!0 


1(|0  1:;'  o"        T  =  — ; 


IimI 


(•.\   riirn'clinM   + 


■2      0 


i:  =  2'.!'". '.Ml  111  (uv 


Allilllijr     , 
ilrlVllrliiill — liar.  — 


-0     07   ;!0  A|ilii'ii.\iiimk'  |iiii'-:iliulc  I''  Til ',"' wol  111'  (ii'cciiwirli. 


nil 


^iiiiiiliiinn'tii 
.Mii.\.  lilt. 


+         1;-)  511 
•JO    -JO  :i!» 


*  111  aiiini'l  imuii         S     Til    :i.'! 


IH     30  a  I.iiliUiilc  III'  Cairn  I'uiiit. 

Oliscrvalinii..^  (lir  lalilihlc  (if  Cairn  rninl,  .\|iiil  l.".ili.  |.m;I. 
.Miriiliaii  iiltitiulu  111'  tlu'  .-.iiii.     S.  ,1.  McCdniink,  i)ii.-.('rMn- 


.)<j    .1.)'     nif 


Iiiik'.v  (•iirrictiiin  + 
Allitiiili'  .     . 


—  Kr 
jO".:;i  111  .Ml 


>.\       12   00 


Itcfriu'liii 


11— par  — 


U 


Scmitliiiiiiilir    .  +         15  5'J 


Max.  alt. 


■>\     25   l.' 


i  at  apim'l  mihiii         II     5i;   1 1 


■J- 


7S     ;](»     5(i  r.alilinli'  nf  Cairn  Puiiit. 


The  difference  hetweeii  tlie  niiixiiimiii  iiltitiide  iiiid  tlie  ineridiiin  idtittide,  nwi 


II'' 


to  the  {•liini<,'e  in  the  sun'.s  di'cliiiution,  iiinonnts  in  t!ie  present  ciise  to  ()".;"),  and 

niiiy  therefore  he  neglected. 

Tuking  thi!  mean  viilue  of  tp  we  find  the  hititiuh^  of  Cairn  Point,  1S°  -W  W 

Oli.siTvatiniis  for  tiiiii'  ami  luiifritmlc  nf  Cairn  I'oiiit,  April  15,  KSdl. 

I>()uljli;  altittiili'ri  of  liic  .sun.     S.  J.  MuCuriuiuk,  ub.si'rvci'. 
I'duki't  cliroiioinetur.  2  © 


a"  2'.l"'  42» 
:iii  ,'!ii 
;!i    (Ml 

r  =  ;i'  as" 


5(1' 


12 


T  =  — Kr^ 


i: 


JO'".  Ill  ai  ;i.)- 


Inili'.v  ciirri'diiin  +  2'  0' 
ScmiiliaiiM'tcp  =  I."i    5S'' 


3'' 30'"  2'J"      I      72°  03'  32"        |       +'.i'  5'.i'  ii:i  '     |      50- 41' 01"     |     — H"    |     —7'"  51' 

I'lirkct  clironiiMicii  r,  aI'ihi  I'ort  Kniilkc  linif,     — 8    40.1 


Luiiuitudf  III' Cairn  rninl,  i'a.->t  ul'  Curt  Fmilkc, 


0    5S 


,1!  il 


A  SI' It  O  NO  M  M    Al,    A  N  l>    (J  I!  <  H>  I!  I' li'    o  i:  >  I' I:  \   A  T  H  •  N  S 


111 


Camp  Separation,  Smith  Sm  nh 

Olisii'Viilidiis  till'  hilitiiilc  nC  rinn|i,  April  l'.'iiIi,  I^i'.I. 
Mcriiliiiii  iiltiliiilc  (if  llii'  .-111;.      S,  ,1.  McCiinuii'k,  (ili.irvci'. 

|s'    07'    ,111"         T  =  —  12" 
Index  cniTcri inn   .  +  1     uii  li  =  li'.i'Mi  ii|   .M'    us  ivcnnlcil  at    T'Ti    i'..iillM\  ii 

AlliUiilr       ...        -I      IJ     (III  iiiiswci'.- n.- II  rnn'jii  n|iiirii.\iiiiiilinn. 

lit'friictiiiii—  liir.      —  '2     20 

ScMiidiiiliirttT    .         f  l.'i     ."),')  Aii|iro\ini;ilc  luiiii-iliiiii'   I''   l^'J,'"  west  nl' (ircrnu  irii. 

Maxiniiini  :iltiliiilr        2 1      27     '!'> 
fi  III  iip|i:ll'i'lM   liiMin         I'i      211      ol) 

*  't^     :'i2     ri."! 


'i 


'■I 


'   Siiiillisiiiiiiiii  ('iinlriliiiliniis,  Isr.ii:    Kmih'',-  .\ -IrciiKiniiciil  Oliscrviilioii.-^  in  the  .\rclii'  Sriis,  p.  ;!:j, 
-  I  iiiivc  iil.<i>  lUli'inpti'il  111  wiirl;  diii  n  result  I'nr  lonijiiiKJc  IVnin  llircc  (ili.-iiTvc'cl  ilniiMc  iiliiliii|i~  nf 

till'  incimiV  liiwcr  liiiili   l''('liniiii'v  I",  HUl  ;  lln'  nliscrv  alion.-^.  Imwi'ViT,  urrc  rininij  Inn  rnidr,  ilic 

sc.Ndiiil  rriidinii'  U'a.-  jrivcii  In  llir  inarc.-l  iniiiiiii'  niilv 


%V 


.\?lii]ililli;  till'  \;i!llr  I''  .')'.'"  ir  I'nr  till'  liinu'illlili'  nf  I'mt  I'milkr.  \\r  li.iM'  till' 
liiiiLrii'iili'  III'  ( 'iiini  I'niiit    I     "»1"  {)'i  ;  till'  iiliMi'Vrr  iiM'd  ii  Miiiillir  di^'i  ii  nrr  nf  liiii^'i- 

linlr   tViiMI   wllirll    I    illl'i  r   lllilt    tllr    ill  liilli  iMIrtir  Ci  irn.lt  iiUI    lit    tlir    sill    \\;i>    lUrl'illril 

\\itli  nil  iiM  r.i;,'r  viiti'  nl'  — ■.'.•'),  in  tlii-*  cii'm'  wr  liiixr  A'/' mi  I'mt  l^'milKr  tiiiir 
m~X"'  ;n  ,  liriicc  till!  liititmlr  of  Ciirn  I'oiut  I''  "tl"'  1  I',  wliitli  i>  iiilii|itrtl  (mc  uI.mi 
(Ictcrniiiiutiiiii  from  iM'uriiiijs  luithcr  mi). 

Ifitiiiiiiii;,'  to  tlir  Imi^'itiiilr  of  Port  Kotilkc,  liy  mrims  of  tlic  known  iinriilinti 
of  N'iill  lirlisscliicr  Jliirhor  ilrtrnililird  liy  Klllir,  Ur  liiiM' till' llstrolioiilii  111  lnli:,'itllilr 
of  till'  liiltrr  |il;i('r,  lis  ('mii|iiilril  liy  iiii'  iVoiii  liiiioii  ciiliiiiiiiitimis.  oi  iiiltiilimis,  ninl 
an  «'rli|ts(''  4''  i'-i"  oT,  iiNn  (':i:ni  I'niiit  \\r>t  nf  \';iii  llriissilarr  llnrlmr  liy  Kaiir's 
liirj,'!'  tnuk  (hart  11'"  ;i',' ,  unil  liy  tin'  almvr,  I'ort  I'milKr  wrsi  of  Cairn  i'oiiit  1(1"; 
lii'iiii'  lmin;itii(lr  III  I'ort  I'milkr  I''  ")')'"  ll>',  a  n  ^iilt  i  rrtaiiily  too  larLrr,  \\liirli  can 
mil_\  III'  accoiiiitril  for  liy  an  o\rr  csiiiiiatimi  nl'llir  di^taiici'  luturrii  Kaiir's  uiiitrr 
(luartcrs  and  Cairn  I'oint;  tliis  aiiiiarcnt  t-xccss  iinioiints  to  I:!',  inilis  in  linrar 
nirasiirr;  jiart  of  it,  liowi'vrr.  wr  iiiu-<t  attrilmtr  also  to  tlir  iiuriili;:ii  adoiitid  for 
cacli  of  till'  oliscrvatorii's,-' 

I'lir  till'  liini,Mtiidi'  of  I'ort  I'milkc  tlir  valiir  T'  'i".'"'  (»()•  or  7:r  (Kf  wrst  lias  linn 
adiiiilril.      Till'  iirohalili'  uiicrrtaiiity  of  this  \aliii'  is  our  statiitr  iiiilr. 

'I'lii'  follow ini,'  |iiisitioiis  \\(\v  dctcriiiiiird  liy  Dr.  lla\rs(iir  imrtv)  mi  his  iii|i 
iicross  till'  strait,  and  iij)  tlir  wi-st  coast  of  Kriiiiiily  ClKiiiiirl  in  .\iiiii  ami  Ma\ .  I  \r 
started  froiu  Cairn  I'oint  April  'JO.  1^(11. 


i 


•<?() 


i:  Men  I!  It   A  N  l>   i:  Msr  l.TS  n  i 


Camp  Frazor,  Smuii  Sim  nh 

Oli-('i'Viilli>M»  I'nr  lulllinli'  <>r  iiiiii|i,  M  >y  I  llli,  l>i:l 
Mdiiliiiii  iiliiliiili'  111'  111)'  Mill      I>r    I    I    lliiyrs,  iiliHii'vir. 


I'lll  kit    M MllMl' 


flH"    1(1' 


T  =  +  as" 


liiili'X  mrriiiiiiii      —    I  lis  II  ■•  ;i(i"'.,|  (it  ('.7'^  npiiMxiiiiiilrly. 

fiCi  |s  Aii|ini.\i(imU'  liiiif,'ilii(lc  V'  I'J.','" 

Allilmlo       .     .     .        "JH  i!(,(l 

ItcrcilrliuH  —  |llll'         —  I.M 


Sfliiiilialiirli'i' 


l.'i.'.l 


.Muxiiiiiiiii  iiliiiiiiji-       '.'H    :i'<  I 

t  III   il|i|iiil'rlll    liiMiM         \'<       III 

A  Ml)    ii(;.:i 


Farthest  Cnmp,  KhiNvudv  T'iiannki.. 

<Mi>iTviiliHiis  fur  liililiidr  111'  ciiinii,    Miiy  I7lli,  Isill. 
Mfiiiliiiii  iiliiiinlr  iif  till' Mill.      I>r.  I.  1.  Iluyt's,  (ilirtiTvur 


i!0 


I'orkrl  .-rxllllll 


-f  'Jl! 


liiik'X  (■(iiri'i'tiiiii.       —    I     .'11  I!  =  .[(('".(I  III  ."i:i"  ii|i|iriixiiiiiilriy. 


Allilmli'     .     . 

Ill  I'l'iirlinli — ]iiil', 
Si'iiililliuiii'ti'r 


M 


IIXlllllllll  llllltinlr 


f)a     21 
ii7     4(1.5 
—  1..S 

4-  ITi.S 

•J  7  M?.'! 


Ajijiiiixiiimlr  liiiin'iliiili'  I''  ;!.'pj 


i  111  ii|i|i!iniit  iiiiiKi  r.l     '.'II. 1) 


Camp  Leitly,  .'^mitii  ."^nrviv. 

Oli'Jcrviitiiiii.«  for  Iiililinic  nf  ('iiiii]i,  .\l:iy  •Jiilli,  Isdl. 

.Mcriiiiiiii  iilliiiitif  tif  till' .'.^iiii.      Pr.  I.  I.  Iliiyc.~,  iili.MTvrr. 

•■:Q 
I'lirki't  Pi'xiiiiit  .  Ill''    II'  'l"r=  +  2:2"  (alMiiit) 

Index  ciii'icrliiiii        —    1     ;i(l  I!  t= 'J',i"'.7  ul  'I'J"  ii|i|ii'iixiiiiiilrly. 


11     II  Aiiiiroxiiniitu  luiifriiiiilc  1''  11" 


Altitiido  ....       2'.t 
Kcfriirlion — imr.    .  — 
Sfiiiidiiuiirtrl'  .   + 


l.\S 
(HI.  1 


Maxliniiin  nitltndc         'M 

i  lit  niiplirrllt  lioiili  >_'()      {II.Ci 


•f 


7  It     bs.i) 


'  This  |Mii-krl  hi'Xiiiiit  ((iillirrl's  No.  .")  Ii'l'l  ill  tlir  s:iiiii'  iiiiidiliiiii  lis  (in  llw  ri'liirii  fi'niii  ilir  iinctlirrd 
joiinicy,  WHS  liiiiidi'd  to  iiiu  liy  Pr.  lliiyrs  for  cxiiiiiiiiiilioii.  I  I'miiid  liir  iiiijiisliiii.iil  of  llii'  |iiT|)riiili- 
ciiliirily  of  llic  two  iiiircor.-'  i|iiili'  prrli'ct  ;  tlii'  iiidix  error  liy  iiiciiii-:  of  ii  sliiirp  verliriil  line,  wns 
b'  ;!()'  (Ill  llie  lire,  mid  liy  iiiiiiiis  of  fmir  iiii'iisiires  of  twice  tlie  siiiiV  liiiiiueU'r  1''  ll-'  mi  llie  iirr,  llic 
eorrielioii  wns  llierel'ore — 1-  .'U'.d.     Keliriiiiry  Ti,  ls(i2. — Ciiak.  A.  S. 


A  STIM)  N  U  M  l(    \  I,     \  N  H    Ol'd  Mi:  T  I  C    <»  C  -  i:  K  \    \   1  I  l>  N 


II 


Di  cp  Snow  Camp, 


,>MI  III    >nl   Ml 


OlHiTViilioiiH  fur  liiiiliuli' 111' (iiiii|p,  Miiv  Jl-i,  |m;|. 
Mci'iiliiiii  iil'iliiili'  III  ilic  >iiii,  I'r    I    I    Hum  -,  nli-i  rvrr 


I'lirkrI  M'Milhl  fil       JH' 

liiilfX  tuiiii  limi         —    1      ItJ 


T  -  -f  •-••J'  (iili'iiil). 

II  B  :|i)"'.o  III  t;ii    ii|i|irii\liiiiiti'ly. 


Al'itinli'    .     .     . 

lirfViuiiiiii — pur.     .  —            17 

Sfiiiiiliiiiu'iir          .  +          I''** 

.MiixJiiiiun  iiltiliiili' .  :iii    i'.'  I 

i  111  ii|i|iari'iit  iiniiii  '.'II     III  II 


I'lii     111  ,\|i|ir'i.\iiiKiU' luiiKitiiili.'  t"  ^l"' 

;)0    IIS, I) 


Camp  Hawks,  SMirii  S.ii  vn 

OliSiTVilliiills  I'lir  l;ilill|i|i'  III'  riiliili,   M:iy  ■.'l''I,    I"*i'.I 

Mci'i.liiiii  uliiimli'  III'  ilii'  >iiM.     I'r.  I.  I    lliivrs,  dIj.htm'. 


f'llflil'l   SCXtllllt     . 

Inili'.x  c'tiri'iTliiiii      .  —    1 


I'll     (I  J 
:;ii    :il  II 


T  ^  +  -Jii'  (iiiiiiiii). 

11  a  :)II"M  III  TiS  ii|i|iiM\iiinilrly. 

.\ |iiirii.\iiiiiiii'  |iiii'.^i;iii|i'  I"  'lil" 


Altitinli'    . 

Iti'I'i'iicliiiii — jiiii'        —  17 

Si'liiiiliiiliictti'  .   +  '•''•*'' 


M;i.\iliiillr  iillililili' 
t.  Ill  ;i|>|i:il'i'lil  liiiiili  . 


:;ii     i.'i.  I 


I.I     i<i.  I 


Small  berg  Camp,  Smith  Shinh. 

Olisrrviiliiiiis  I'lii-  latitinji'  uf  iiiiiip,  Miiy  'J.'lil,  jsiij. 

Tli<!  iticviiliiin  iiltitiulc  of   tlw  sun   is  rcdinlcd   ','     (I'j'  ')S'   with  ii   '.  uttaiiird. 

As  tlic  rrsiiltiiii;  liilitiidc   is  tlu'  sanir  iis  tliiif   tA'   tlic  iirrccilint,'  cimii),  niid  llir 

]j(»silii)ii  ()('  till'  (iniiii  (111  till'  track  cliait   disiiirrrcs  with  it.  I  sliail   inaKr   im   iisi    nl' 

liiis  (ihsi'r\atii)!i. 

Scousc  Camp,  Smimi  Shinh. 
(ili-ii'viitiiiiis  fur  l.iiiiiiili!  uf  cMiiiii,  .Miiy  'J^lil.  |s(',|. 

Mcl'iliillll  llllilinli'  uf   llir  >llll,   InWrr  Cllllllillilliiill  '       Pr     I      I      Ilil\r-,   ntl-rniT 


^O 


i'liclii't  si'Miilit    . 
lllili'.X  ciirrrrlinll 


1 


III'  '!"  ^  4-   Is     (mImiiiI) 

:;l  I!  =  -.".I"  '.I  III  i;.')    ii|i|ii'ii.viiii:ilrly. 


Aiiitiiilc   .    . 
lirfriicliiiii — )iiir.     .  — 
Sriiiiijiaiiii'tcr 


:2ii     ii'.i  .\|i|ii'ii.\Iiiiiiic  liiiiL'ilinli'  I'' 

111     III  .'i 


+  I.-...S 


Miiiiiiiiiiii  iilliliiili'   .        Ill     14. S 
fi  ill  ii|i|i:uviit  iiiiiliiidit  -.'O      'tri.W 


■f 


'.I       L'il.O 


l''iii'  iip|)i'r  rilliiiiniitioli,  if  ^  00  +  J  —  fi 
I'civ  jiiwcr  riiliiiiiialiiiii,  If  —  110  —  J  -f  /( 


>5H*  J*t'' 


22 


I!  !■: c 0 1; D  AND  n k s V  i- t s  of 


J)i l< niiiii(ili<iii  <if  LdiKjUinhf!  fur  Ihr  XnrlJiirii  Jniiriii I/. — 'Ihosr  prinripiilly  (Icpciid 
iijioii  ol)s('r\('(l  hciiriiii^s  of  known  licadliiiuls  to  lli(>  south,  niid  some  sextant  anL;;lrs. 
A  few  clirononic'tiic  clctorniinations  depend  iii)nn  tlie  Ibllowing  clirononieter  coirec- 
tions  as  found  at  Port  Foulke,  April  Kith,  and  ^[ay  liOtli,  and  June  1st,  iNOl.  For 
rate  we  are  obliged  to  us(!  tiie  previously  determined  value,  viz:  ()'/'==-  — 2".^")  since 
th(!  pocket  chronometer  had  evidently  stopped  more  than  an  hour  on  or  before  May 
l;},  occasioned  by  a  nef,'Iect  to  wind  at  tiie  pniper  time 

April  l(i,  lSt)i  A7'at  Port  Foulke  =--  — S'"  5;J\:} 


C'lirnnnnicter  compiirisoiis,  .Mav  .'Idili,  lsi;l,  at  I'url  Kdiilke,  two  days  aflrr  Pr.  Ilaycs'  rotiirn. 

21M17.  Juiiu  7  au.l  s.    I       2ii(i7.       ^         M:iy  :!ii.         I     cciiiiii.'iri:^(in.      I  M.i.v  :*". 

ai'  1'"     I — C' -IT"  ;')1".S|    -fd'.Od     — »'' -IT'"  r>i>M      !(»''  1:!'' OT.li    +  1 ''  1 :!"'  1  r,M) 

,  ,  I         MiMll  time  (if         I      A7'l>r  )iiirki't  (111'. 

•'"""  '■         I         c<)iiii«risi)n.        I  ,\mw  1. 

V 'J-)'"      — |'M7""  oii'.iV       y'' 47'"  07'.8      I      +1''  1:2'"  ll'.O     | 


I'm'ki^f  clr..'- 
Mity  liii. 

'.)'■  IIU'»  ill' 

June  1. 

7''  o\"'  r.«'.2 


■.r|..i,I<.'l  >Um- 

inlllt'li'r-. 


(H'kt't  clirriiioiiu'ttr 


:i    r.s    -IS 
■1    (III    L'l; 

;j     ;>!)     4-i 


Foggy  Camp,  Smith  Sihm). 
Oliscrviiliiins  I'or  Iiiiiiritiidc,  May  l.'i.     1.  1.  Ifayt'S,  uliscrvov. 
2  Q  by  imuket  si'Xt.int. 


•10° 

:J7' 

2 

0 

12 

2S 

12 

oo 

12 

1 . 

22.  ;i 


Assiinvil  latitiidi'  "'■•''  Tj.')'.,"),  lniiLi'iliMli'  l''  17" 

T  =  +  2(1°  (al)inil) 

]?  =  :]()'".{)  at  Til-  apiUMxiinali'ly. 

Indi'x  (■(irroclinii  —  r^  2s'.() 

III rnicl ilia — par.  2  7 

;,  =  ]<|0  ;-,.s'.l 
t  =  so    7'   10" 


S   =  IS"  ■.)•!'   IS" 


.Mean  linir  (if  (il)S('iTati(Ml,         :")''   llV"  li.')' 
('lii'diKjinctei'  time,  o    SO    .17 

A  7'  +1     lit    4« 

A  ■/'  Pnri  I'ciiilkc,  4-1     12    fiS      Deduced  friiMi  ('orrcclldii  (if  May  odili. 

ninVrciicc  iif  IiMi'j-iliidc,  ()'"  50'     FofTsy  ramp  oa.<t  (if  Purl   I'lHillii'. 

Liiiii:-iliKl(,' (if  I''ii;^-,iry  i-aiiip,       ^''  4")'"  h.      (Sou  dctcrmiiialidii  IVoai  licariiiL'-s  farllur  mi  ; 

Camp  Ha-wks,  S-vhtii  Sihnh. 
Oli.-iM'valiims  f.i-  liiiiiriludc,  Mav  22.     I.  I.  Haves,  (jb.server. 


I'liikil  cliroiiomi'd'i'. 


2Q  liy  jiockcl  sextant. 


7''  (i:i" 
II 

;i.) 
17 

12 

O'l 

7  11 

(ICi 

7"  l.-)" 

(l."l 

11 

;"i  ;"> 

II    (III 


<)t)^    op 

I '.I 
It 

2 '.I      111 
2  0 

:i(i°  21' 

IS 

:;ii    21 


T=  4-  l.'P  (about). 

I!  =  .-Kr.i  at  r)s"  appriixinialely. 

Index  eorrectiiiu  — 1°  ;J2'.0 

Approximate  loufjitiido,  I''  :").•;'" 
KelractidU — iiar.  — I'.O 


Mean  time  df  dlisrr\;iiidii,  ' ''  27'"  O.'i' 

('lii'dUdiii'  ler  liiue,  7     12    :>:'. 

A  7'  4    111    .!2 

A  7'  I'di't  Kdull<e.  +1     12    lii; 

nilVei'eiiee  iif  liiin;il  uije.  -f-  I      rili 

I.diiL'-iliide  dl'  Caiiiii  Hawks.       1     .".il     (l| 


li  =     1  I  '  (l.'i.'ll 
/   =127     :;'.!'  17 


^  ^  2(1    :12'  ."0" 


I>|  iluceil  IVdlll  eiirrcelidii  iif  May  .'ilHli. 

Caiap  Hawks  east  of  I'drl   l''diilke. 

(Sre  il.'icniniialidii  frdni  licariiie'-  fiirliiirdti  ) 


9Mmmi 


A  s  ri;t).\()  M  ic  A  1,  A  N  ii  (i  i:<)I)i:t  1  ('  o  r.s  i;  i;  \  a  r  i  ii.\ 


Tlio  Humorous  niafifuctic  bc;n'iii;j;s,  takon  at  important  positions  on  laud  and  i 


IlKIII 


tlio  ice,  were  made  ns(>  of  for  the  construction  of  a  cliart,'  scale  1  :  1  •.'(•()  (Mill,  'i'lie 
chart  depends  upon  the  astrouonueal  results  just  deduced;  hy  means  of  these  mid 
a  critical  use  of  the  bearinj^s  and  sextant  auijles,  the  western  sliore  line  and  tliat 
south  of  Smith  Strait  were  finally  laid  down.  All  dete.il  is  taken  from  Dr.  Hayes" 
orij^'inal  track  chart  (scale  I :  (iOI)  000),  tu  which  I  have  closely  adhered,  as  far  as  ilie 
above  material  would  permit. 

The  lous-'itude  of  Cairn  Point,  from  observed  beariu'^s,  is  as  follows: — 


From  bcuriii'j's  nt  Vxxwn  Point, 


Liltli'tdii  I>l:iiii|, 
Mf(iiirv   J.-liiiid, 


]>v  clii'imoincti'r, 


Till' 
10 

•|s 


Ai1m[i|ii1  liui'/'iiutli-  7: 


The  lon!,'itude  of  FofjjLry  Camp,  from  oliserved  l)earimrs.  is  as  follows:  11"  :!:!', 
from  chronomi  trie  determination  71°  17'  tiivinj,'  tlie  former  result  the  weio;ht  •.',  the 
wei{,dited  mean  beronus  71°  '.^H',  which  has  ])een  adopted. 

The  lonijitude  of  Camp  Hawks  from  bearings  is  7:!'  'i\\  from  chronometrie 
determination  ~rl°  JJl'  giving  the  former  result  the  weight  "J,  the  weiglited  miau 
becomes  7:J°  00'  or  4''  ;V2"'  'IW  wliicli  has  been  ailoiited. 

Dr.  Hayes  readied  Cairn  Toiiit  May  ','7111.  :)!.  .V.  :M.,  and  Port  I'oulke  May  •Jstli. 
10  A.M.' 

Siirri  11  iij'  Siiiilli  Slridf. 

On  the  "^7111  of  October.  I>>(i0,  ]Mr.  Sonnjag  measured  a  base  line  on  t!u'  ice 
from  the  outer  ]toint  of  the  third  or  Starr  Island,  near   Port   I'onlke.  iiearing  n 
neticaliy 
1 


S.  4'  '..'0'  W.      The  leii^lli  of  this  base,  from  two  measures  uitii  a  1)1  foot 


me,  was 


i)0i)7  feet,  or  •.*77'J.i)  metr( 


Tl 


le  position  oi 


f  Cape  isalu'lh 


I  and  of  ('apt 


Patterson,  on   the  coast   opposite,  were   (h'teiniiiied  from   angles   measured   at   the 


■xtremities  of  this  b; 


ise, 


Itcuilill'J-s  nf  Oirud.iliti: 


At  TliiiM  1.- 


I'.i:i 


A I 


ipniisilr  dill  III'  liu.-i' 


I'.ipe  Patter,- :!1:!      i:! 

II 
V:i\n-  I.-.iiiclhi,     :;is     i:j 

l."i 

Thinl  l-liniil,        in;     :|ii 


('ii|ir  I,-iiliillii.        '.!-'     ii:;  (I  I 


1.") 

i:i 
ir. 

M..1M. 

I'.I.'J'"   01  .',1 


\\1      II. 


Il>      1  l,n 


ih;    L".i.. 


(II 


'iipi'  Piiitc'r.--iiii,    .ii 


III 
\1 
\1 


III 
III 


Piilviiiir  \\\".  trimiL'li's: 


(  Isuli.llil 


riiir.l  l.-lMiiii,    l.M 


1-   11 '.s  (  fiipi'  I'liitrr-oii,    I      yy.^ 


(I! 


:!  I      :2."i 


( 


•I'liinl  1- 
iiisu  eliil 


■'.I    n 


'   .'Scr  hir;.'i'  I  liari  an  .mijianx  iiiu'  ihi-  paprr. 


21 


I!  IKMH!  I)    A  N  It    i;  I'S  I'  I, 'IS    ()  I' 


'fii. 


\Vc  iiud  tlic  (listaiic'cs: — 

Tliii'il  I.^liuid  tci  Tiipt'  Isiilii'llii,      ril.l:!  .st.  miles,  c,r  20.0')  iiaut.  miles. 
"         "  Capo  I'attursoii,    Ji;..'!!)         "  -lO.:;!! 

Tho  Itititndn  and  lonf,'itu(lo  of  tlioso  cnpos  wc  doduro  from  tlic  known  position 
of  'i'liird  Island,'  viz:  latitndc  TS°  IT  4"*",  loii^ntudo  7:}"  ()(>'  00",  and  the  known 
variation,  viz :  !)'^°  west.  Forming  the;  splicrical  triani,d(>  judc,  Tliird  Island,  IsuIk'Uu 
(or  Patterson)  of  which  is  given  tiic  colatitndc  of  'I'iiird  Island,  the  distance  to 
Isabella  (or  Patterson)  and  the  inclnded  spherical  angle,  we  lind — 

Cape  Isabella,     latituilo  TS°  22'.  1  idiigiliuli!  "5^  SO'.S 

Cape  ratlur.sun,       "         IH     H',.!  "  75     30.5 

AVe  have  also  a  direct  determination  of  the  latitnde  of  Cape  Isabella  liy  J'r. 
Hayes,  viz : — 

Mcriiliaii  ultitudt'  uf  .^uti,  lower  calmiMali'iii,  .Inly  2^11;,  ISOl. 


20 
Observed  iloiilile  alt.,        II        1'    :!()" 
Index  emTecli')n,  0     00 


T=  +  li>  = 

i;  =  2'J'".0  al  .").'S0 


Oh.served  altitude,  7       0     45 

Ilefraetion — par,  —         7      17 

Seinidiaineter,  +        15      18 

.Miiiiiiuim  altitude,  7     Oil     Kl 

4  at  apparent  uiidiiiglit,  IS     J"     0!) 

f  7S     22     07     wiiieli  atrrees  eiosdy  with  the  above  ireodi'lie  latitude. 

MeGary  Island,  opimisiti;  I.iTii.r.roN  lsi..\.\ii,  S.mitii  Stu.mt. 
Ob.-^ervatioMs  for  latitude  of  .Metiary  Inland,  at  .-outliwest  encl  ol'  l.-laiid,  .luly  tl,  Isill. 
.'ridiaii  altitude  of  Ihc  .sun.     1.  1.  Hayes,  ob.server. 
2© 

i;.s-  oi'  00"       T  =  +12^ 

Inde.x  eorreetiou,  +  1      00  15  -  2',l"'.  1  at  .".  I 

Altitude,  ;il     02     oO  Assumed  louuiUide  1''  5;!^'" 

Ilefraetion — jiar.,         —  1     20 

Semidiameter,  +  15      Id 

Ma.ximum  allilude,  ;U     1(1     5(i 

a  at  aiipareut  noon,         22     311     51) 


* 


78     23     03 


Latitude  of  Metiarv  Island. 


On  the  l"2th  of  June  IS.^"),  Kane- determined  the  latittideof  lattlctun  Island  and 
found  1S°  'J'l'  01".  I  iidopt  the  mean  of  these  (U'terminations,  or  1S°  2'2'  o"i"  for 
the  channel  betwi'i  ii  the  two  islands. 


'  Sec  aectinipaiiyinir  chart  of  Port  Foulke  and  vicinity,  scale  1  :  1  70  tlOO. 

'  Suullisoniau  Coiitriljutions,  IStiO  :   Kane"i  Astronomical  Ub.^ervations  in  the  Arctic  Seas,  p   14. 


A  s'l'i;  (> N o  M  I  (' A  I,  A  N  i»  <i  1:0 n i;'i" !  ('  0 r. >  1;  1;  \  A  r  I  (t  N  s 


'1 


Littleton  Island,  Smith  Stuah 

Olisi'i'Viilions  I'm  linir  iiml  Imiuiliiilr,  .Inly  -Jl  c."-.'!!  A,  .M  ),  l^i.t 

nip|il)Ir  iillitiiili'.>  111'  lliu  ,-1111       II    (I     KuilililV,  nli-iTM  r 


1;  =  L".i".i;  111  ;:.> 

I  IkIi'X  (•(ilTcrli'iM      ;       I  'I  I 

Scllliilialllrlrr                |,'i  IT 

,-=l':i7            (■,=  !  :i;i 


;','':!.">'"  o;!".o    ;     "iS''-  'i.".'  ni"        -jii"  1:1'  lM"      — i '.1"  .".'.r  .•;:!"       -|  r,'"  (17"  c,    1  —  !'■  n'"  MM 


ChniiMnnuli'r  2liiiT 

^0 

.i'   ;ii"'  (i:i" 

('.:!      Iii'    10" 

:!i     111 

i::     ]p 

.•!(•.      17 

II      II) 

JO 

:i    :\'.\    110 

I'll     .III     III) 

.•!!!     r.7 

:>i     10 

tl     11 

."p|    111 

:{    10     (13.7     I     M     I'.i    U  I'll    l:i 


-Is    :;'.!   ji;         41;    07,1;     |  —  I    is    ;>:>> 


Mean 


■I     IS      II 


()li>iTv:iliniis  I'lir  iliiic  mill  liiii'jiliiili',  .liilv  jr.ili,  l•^|•.l 


Chioncinirlc'i   'JinT.*' 

7*'    .'.!"'  HI* 

M  1  '.I 

r.s  12 

S     II J  -Jl 

(1 1  ;'i:! 

111;  I'.l 


Convi'ti'.l  alt.  O 

■2'^  ",:;  .'ill  ' 

27  -Js  :-|.-, 

'27  is  III 

27  OS  :;i 

L>7  II J  1:! 

l'i;  ■>!  I J 


7''   .")!)'"  27'.::    I     I'd  ■  I.")'  11:;       I     I'.l    Jii   m; 


T  =  4-  II 

r.  =  2'.i"'.^s  111  ,•,,•,' 


1.1    ii;  -JO     i    +<:■  I  r  :<   |    — T'  r.i'"  n.r.j 


l.niiyiiinli'  n|'  l.iiilcioii  Nlainl 


isr.l,  .Inly   I'l 
lsi;i,  .July  Jil 


/^7' I.ilt.  I.sl.iii.l.        .^ /' I'nrl  rnulki'.     l.itt.  Is.  w.'st. 
I     —t''  IS"'  .(I-  — I''     17'"  111'-  I'"  I  J* 

.    I    — I    r.i   (i:i        —I     h;   .■.;         2   mi 


Mrai 


1    r,( 


If  wo  rcjcr't  tlio  second  set  of  olisfiviitions  on  the  '.21st,  tlic  two  vcsnlts  for  (litlcr- 
once  of  loni,ntmlo  iK-conu-  I'"  ;V2"  and  '2'"  ()(>%  tlic  mean  1'"  ")!)'  is  adojitcd.  'I'lic 
lon<jitiid(j  of  J.ittli'ton  Island  bcromcs  thm-forc  4''  i'>'-i'"  ")!)',  which  agrees  well  witii 
tlio  g(vjdc'tic  determination,  for  which  see  ciiart  of  I'ort  I'oulke  and  vicinity, 

Tliis  chart  puts  Cape  Alexander  in  latitude  T.s"  10'.;").  Dr.  Kane  foinid,  .June  1  7, 
1855,  the  latitude  78°  0!)'.3,  a  result  which  agrees  well  enough  with  the  chart. 


'       '  rl>.- 


'  Tlic  chronometer  Inimlt(^s  liavo  licon  cliunjfril  fniin  .'!")'"  to  .'i  l"". 

'  Tliu  iiliovc  times  are  lliu  ob.scrvcil  times  — ■'V  (I7''..'f,  liy  wliicli  corrci'iiuii  tl Ii.-crvrr  inii'inlnl 

llii'in  to  ri'iiri'scut  (Jrccinvich  time. 
4       May,  1S05. 


IU;f 


\i 


11^' 


;   ! 


26 


ni;ror. i>  anp  iiiosui/rs  or 

Gale  Point,  nkau  C'.m'K  Isahki.i.a,  Smiiii  Siuait. 
Oljscrviiliiiiis  f(jr  liiiitiiilf  at  ull(■ll()nl^'t•  otV  (I'lilc  I'oiiit,  July  27,  Isill.' 

Mt'i-'uliiiii  alliliiilc  tif  the  suti.     S.  .1.  .McCorinifk,  uliscrvcr. 
(ialf  I'liinI  licais  S,  W    (true),  and  Ciiiic  Isalte'Ila  N.  K.  \>y  N.  (Iriit') 
Ohsrivcd  allitiiilf  O  :i(l'-    liV     III"  Ali[Flo.\iluulc  luiigiluilu  ;V' 0'" 

Diji  ami  iiiik'x  contiliuii,  —  3     I'J 

;i()     ij.     21 
|{,.(Vi,_|mr  —  1     ;5() 

Sciiiiiiiaun'tci',  +         15     48 


Tnic  altitiiili', 

i  at  a|ijiaR'lil  iiutiii, 


:',{)    M\    ;!!• 

11)      (IS      OS, 


is      11      •>'.) 

Oljs':rvatioiis  for  loiiffitmlc,  si<;lits  taken  rrciin  a  gniniulcil  icchrrfr  olT  (ialr  Point. 
Poulilf  altitudis  of  till'  r.iin      S.  .1    .McConMiik,  olisi'i'vcr     Julv  L's  (:>!iili  A.  M.) 


rorkft 

Llironoiiiidur 

•2" 

;!!l"' 

r.H» 

4(1 

22 

4(1 

r.ii 

2 

41 

'25 

4-2 

(i:5 

42 

'27       . 

20 

;"(5-'  '2'.l  .'!(l' 

;il  5(1 

34  4(1 
20 

r).'i    ;;(i  od 

.'is  2(1 

;;'.»  5(1 


T  =  4-  r.fio 


> 


nl)ont 


i;  =  2',l"'.S  at  54~   > 

A|)iiroxiniatc  loiifiiiinlc,  5''  ('i'" 

liidrx  coiTt't'tion,  d'  d" 

K.lr.— iiai'.  — r  42" 

Si'inidianictcr,   +  15'  4S" 

/,  =  2S-'  (II'  .'iT"  s  =  ISO  11'  ;. 

I  =_;ji;"  i!i'  0(1"  /■;=  ^  v,">  lo" 

41'"  IP 

- 1    :;:; 


2  .'ill   as 

21    40    54 


('liroiionictL'i'  time  of  oliscrvalion, 
Ki'diiclion'-'  to  rcl'tT  iiockft  cii'i'  to  fli'r  2007, 

(2007)  Chrononiclcr  timu  of  oliscrvation, 
Mean  time  of  observation, 

ATofr  Gale  Point,                             —4  5S  4  1 

AjT  Port  Foulkc,                                   — 1  4()  55  (see  lirecedinj;  talilc  ol  a  7'uiid  iV'of  2007) 

Icoherg  off  (ialc  Point,  \V    of  Port  Fonike,  1 1  40 

Loiigiludo  of  position,                                        5  (i:!  40  west  of  (Ireenwieli 

The  followiiif;  oliscrvatioiis  on  rjiiicr  IjalHii   I'my  coiicIikIc  tlic  scries  of  geogni- 
{ihiciil  positions : — 

Netlik,  SIHTIICllN   KNTllANCK  To    \VlIALE  Sol.NI). 

Oliservations  for  latilinle  at  nortli  point  of  liarlior,  elo.se  to  Ksipiimanx  liuls,  .\iijriist 
Meridian  altitude  of  the  sun.     S   J    MeCormiek,  ob.server. 


isfil. 


2  0 
Index  correetion. 

Altitude  observed, 
Uefr'n — par., 
i*eniidianieter, 

i  at  apparent  noon, 


5i)°  or  20' 

0  0(1 

2!)    ISO  40 

—    1  .55 

+  15  4',) 


T 


+  47- 


> 


about 


1!  =  20'"  !)  at  5(1- * 
Apiiroxiuuite  longitude,  4''  4(1"' 


20    44    64 
1()    53    40 

77  1)7  Ifi 


'  There  is  some  doubt  about  thu  d.ite  ;  the  record  gives  28tli,  but  the  statement  that  the  position 
is  about  10  miles  south  of  Caiie  Isalielhi  and  thu  plotted  po.sitioii  on  tiie  track  chart,  accord  well 
with  the  corrected  date,  and  with  the  above  resulting  latitude. 

'  Chroaoineter  comparison:  2007,  (>''  ol'".  Pocket  cliroiionieter  (i"  35'"  o.'!".2. 


f" 


A  STI!()  N  O.M  I  (' A  I.    A.\I»    (i  i;  t)  D  i:  T  i  C    »» 


;  i;  V  A  r  i  on  s 


Oliscrvaliuii.s  I'm'  l.iii'.'itiicic,  Aii^iiM   I  (.MIi  A.  M.). 
Ddiibk'  iiltitiicli'S  of  liii'  Mill.     S.  J.  .MrC'oniiii  k,  uljMivtr. 


I'mkv'l  clironoinetiT. 
>J()     4 '.I 

ai  in 

Mciin,    2   20     II 
Rciluclion"to2U()7,—    1    511 


:;(    to 

IjC)     Id 


iiiidiii 


M     ;!l    17 


T  =  +  ;!>!  -      > 

I!2'.i"'.!l  lit  Mf-  \ 
lliilrx  (.■ul'nM.liiiii  0'  0  ' 

Hcfi'ii— |iiii-.  —  r  "ill  ■ 

Suliiiiliilliii'trr  +  I:')'    \'.t" 


T  2    IS    54 

Mean  tiiiii'  of  uliscrviUinn,    21''  .Ts'"  fiii' 
t'Lroiioinutci"  tiiiii',  21!    Is    ,'ii 


22' 

10 


s   -  \ir  :,('  21 


ArXctlik, 

A  7' Port  Fiiiilko, 


-\    40    Ot 

-I    4i;    ;ii;  (spo  prcccilinL'  l;ilili'  nt' .i  V'liinl  ,s7'cit'  2oii7  ) 


Nctlik  cast  (if  I'ciiM   I''iiiilk(',  Ci    ;!2 

Luugitudc  of  Xetlik,  4    4.j    28  west  (if  (ii't'iiiwiili. 

Upernavik,  Xdurii  CJheeni.am). 
OliscrviitiiMi  fur  liUiliKk',  Aiii;iist  111,  lsr,l. 
Meridian  altitmle  of  tlic  sun.     S.  J.  .Mct'oniiltk,  olisirver 
2  0  (IP  i:i'  r.O" 

In(lp.\  Pdrri'ctiun,  0   00 


Altitude  observed, 
Ki'fr. — par., 
Semidiunieter, 


8  at  apparent  noon, 


'M      '•>!',  .')") 

—  1  ;3i) 

+  15  51 

30    51  1(J 

i:i   as  o;5 

72    40  47 


T=  -i-  5P 

l!  =  2:r.;i  at  5P 

AssiiiJieil  Idii'.'iliide  I!''  4  1" 


Dr.  Kano,  in  1>S53,  found  this  latitude  T'i"  40'  \2"  (Somitai^  oliscvvcv;  sei-  p.  ;^7 
of  Kane's  Astronomical  Ob.scrvatious) ;  af('i)r(lin!i;  to  ('ajitiiin  lu^dcficid  the  latitude 
is  7'2°  4G'  51" ;  tlic  mean  of  the  tliree  determinations  is  72°  4G'  ;57". 

Observation.^  for  time 


Chronometer  2007 

(i""    35""  24' 

35  5!) 

30  24 

30  53 

37  20 

37  43 

38  07.5 
38  30.5 

Moan,  C     37     02.8 


or  time  at  Lpornavik,  Ancjust  h),  ISill 
Doublo  altitude  of  tlic  sun.     S.  .1.  MeCuniiiik,  obseni 
20 


52°  00'    30"  T  =  +  50= 


■)1     57     20 
')1     54     40 


15  =  2'.)'".!)  at  5P 
Index  eorreetioii,  0'  00' 


51     50     50  Refr'n— par.,  —  1    40 

fcsemidiameter,  +15   50 


51  48  20 

51  45  30 

51  42  10 

51  40  50 


■)1     50     01 


h  =  20°  Oil'  or 

t  =  42    45    1 0 


i  =  +  i;r  54 
/•;=  +  4'°  10' 


■'5, 


'  Clironiiiiieter  (■(Hiiparison :  20o7,  7''  42'",  I'.iekct  clironiimctcr,  7''  43"'  ;>U\ 


II  i;('(»  I!  II   A  N  i>  i;  i;si- 1. 'IS  (t  I" 


M. 


'III!    Illlll'    I 


r  r,l,<r 


rliriiiiuiiiciir  liriii''  .         ,         ,         . 

A  7' 

aV  I'nrl  lA.iilkf       .         .         .         •• 

ItilVcrcnci' (if  liiiiiT.  I'lirl  rmilKr  iiiid  V 
I.iiliLritllilc  (if  riicl'liiivili  ili-curcliliL?  til  lligirliclil 

liiiMiriliiik'  of  i'urt  I'"imlki' 


il      II 


'.I    ;!(» 


i    u; 


|iiTMin  ik 


I      (17     II.') 
:i     II     11 

I     Til     |i;  wo-it  of  firci'iiwirl 


(If  the  timrs  had  boon  noted  h\  'JOOT,  lliis  loiiiritiidc  would  lie  smaller  Iiy  '2'"  'i"2"). 

Tlie.M!  time  obscrviitions  iit  I'lieniiivik  I  liave  iiitioduced  to  sliow  that  tlieir 
tendency  is  still  more  to  lessen  the  adopted  lonoitiuh'  of  I'ort  l*"oulke,  or  else  to 
increase  tile  adojited  lon;;;itiide  of  I'liernaviiv ;  jilacin^j;  Imt  little  cuntidence  iu  the 
result,  1  make  no  further  use  of  it. 


ISkCAI'ITI  I.ATIIIN  nl-'   I'Ur.rDIH  M  1    lU.Sl  l.TS  lull  ( J  KIKMIAI'IMCA!,  I'dSlTlllXS. 


Locality. 


Lalitiiile. 


Long 


tiule  wt'St  of  liroi'uwifli. 


Ill  ,irc. 


Ill  time. 


I'uH   t'linlkc.  OlisiTViiliii'v,   Siiiilli  Slriiil 
LiUlrliiM  IsIimkI,  .Siiiilli  Striiit 
Mc(iiu'v  Islaiid,        "         " 
riiirii  i'diiit,  "         «  .         . 

Ciilic  IsuliL'lla  II         II  .         . 

OIV  (ink'  I'diiit,        I'         II 
Ciipe  raltt'i'siin,        "         n 
("iuiip  Sc|mnitioii,  Siuitli  SdiimiI  . 
Kiifrtry  Ciiiiip,  "         ■'       .        . 

('iun|i  I''iiizii',  "  "        .         . 

Fiii'llR'st  C'iinii),  Kcniicily  CIiiiiiirI 
("iiin|)  lii'iily,  Siiiitli  Jsoiiml   . 

I)t'('|i  Snow  {'iiiiip,     "  " 

('iiiiip  Iliiwks,^  "  "        .         . 

Sroiise  Cani]),  "  "        .         . 

Nctlik,  'Wlialc  Soiiml  .... 
TpiTiiiivik,  I'ppcr  IJiillin  Hay 
I'ruvcii,  (iovcnior'ri  laiusf    . 


7s  ;i()    40 

78  '2-2      l:> 

7H  11.-) 

7H  4f;.  1 


8U  W\.^ 

SI  31.5 

t!i  ris..-) 

7il  :>i.H 

-,<)  ■l:!.7 

711  'JIi.O 

77  (17. S 

72  4fi     ,'i7 

72  2;j     01 


';!°  (iir   (Mr 
':i     2!l     4.') 


72  T)'.! 

75  3(1.8 

75  57.2 

75  30.5 


4"    .■)2"'  Od" 


4  51     5(1 

5  (12     (i:i 


5     o:i 


4 '.I 


(III 


n      22.0 


5     02     t)i 


1.) 


I     52     21 


4      4.' 


2S 


!2      4;" 


3     42      11 


'  I  .suspect  lliat  tlio  above  times  were  imleil  by  tlie  jiocket  eliroiiometer,  and  iiol  by  2(l(i7.  I  bavc, 
Iherefoi-e,  sulitraeted  2'"  22''  to  rcl'ei-  to  2007. 

•  On  tlie  iini'evised  traek  chart  of  Hr.  Kane's  (be  eape,  formine  llie  soiitlnTii  ]iroinontory  of  T)obIiin 
Day,  is  named  after  Dr.  I.  I.  Hayi's;  but  on  tlie  eliart  aeeoMipanyinir  I>r.  Kane's  narrative  of  his 
e.\peditiou  (see  A'ol.  I)  tlie  eajie  appears  as  Cape  Hawks,  and  the  more  imitiiern  and  eastei'n  ea|ie, 
where  Dr.  Hayes  first  made  the  we.st  eoast  of  Smith  Sound,  is  inseribed  witli  the  discoveri'v's  name. 
This  last  desiL'iialioii  was  retained  on  the  Siiiilhsonian  ilnirl  aeeoni)ianyinir  llie  aslromnni.'al  oli.-er- 
vations  of  llie  Kant:  e.\pcditiuii,  and  is  adheretl  to  now  with  the  a|)pi'uval  of  Dr.  Hayes. 


ASTiiox  ()M  K'A  I,  A  N  II  (I  I!  o  |i  i:  I' IT  <  •  i;  s  i;  i;  \  a  1' M »  \  s 


•'!> 


I'KMtT.MM  i;ni'i;i!Imi;nts, 


iii'lr 

to 

lie 


The  ])('ii(lMlimi  (>ll^(i•v;lti()ns  were  made  fur  the  puriiDsc  (if  iisccrtaiiiiiiLr  tin'  ii  Iati\r 
force  of  <,'ra\ity  at  ('aiiih.riiiLTc,  .Massacliiisctts,  and  at,  tlic  >viiit(r 
(luartcrs  of  the  (-xpcditiou  in  North  (ircciiland.     'I'lic  iicikIuIiiiii 
was  (■    irc^sly  iiiadc  for  the  occasion  I'v  Hoiul  iJi:  Sou,  IJoston.    It  is 
an  invarialili",  reversible,  brass  j)eu(bduni,  perfectly  symmetrical  in 


dl  its 


])arts 


in  tlie  annexed  iiy'un 


-t  is  \(TV  nearlv 


synchronous,  though  not  couMutilile,  as  its  form  at  once  indicates. 
Its  total  lenf,ftli  is  ">  feet  Vj'  inches,  width  1.1,  and  tliickness  (1.7 
inches;  distanc(>  between  the  knife-edges  ;!!).!  inches.  'I'lie  ^teel 
knife-i-dges  are  M.'J  inches  fiMUi  (he  enils  ot'  tlie  bar,:!  inches 
long,  {).'■]  inches  high,  and  II. "JT   inches  wide  at  tlie   base;  tlieir 


section  is   triangular. 


Tl 


le    wel^'h 


t   is   'J1.!)"J   |tiinnds.  Innce   it> 


specitic  gra\ity  Mr,  nearly.  The  knil'e-edge,  \\hi(li  runs  through  a 
perforation  of  the  liar,  rests  upon  st<'el  plates,  'i'hiy  are  screwed 
to  a  brass  ]ilate,  and  sniijiorted  by  a  hea\  y  block-  of  wood,  which  is 
fastened  to  the  rase  in  which  the  pendulum  swings,  'i'lnrt'  is  no 
adjustment  for  horizontality  of  the  supjiorting  steel  plates  other 
than  what  is  given  by  the  vertical  position  of  the  case.  The  arr' 
of  \ibration  is  read  off  on  a  scale  at  the  bottom  of  the  case,  wliicli 
hi's  a  glass  door  in  front  permitting  a  view  of  the  wh(^le  pendulum. 
'J'wd  ihermometers  are  pernuuiently  fastened  iusidr   the  box,  one 


St  alio 
if'i'-ed,: 
Th 


fh 


le  supiiort.  the  other  on   a  Ie\(  1  with   the  swinging 


H're  IS  a  prelimmary  reduction  of  the  obscr\ati ms  at  ooth 
stations  by  Mr.  Sonntag;  the  present  indei)eudent  reduction  differs 
from  it  by  a  more  com])lete  and  critical  use  of  the  materials;  no 
attempt,  however,  of  condjiniug  the  resulting  nnndier  of  \  ibrations 
at  the  two  stations  had  been  made  liy  Mr.  Sonntag. 

The  following  explanatory  note  is  extracted  from  the  record  of 
the  experiments  at  tin-  Harvard  College  Observatory:  — 

••  I'endulum  suspended  in  transit  room  of  Observatory  of  Har- 
vard College,  Canibridge.  and  its  \ibrations  obser\('d  liy  (i.  1*. 
Jiond,  Director,  and  T.  II.  Satford,  Assistant." 

In  the  following  jiages  ar(>  the  times  read  eff  from  the  record 
sheet  of  the  electric  registi'r.  The  signals  ahvays  commence  with 
the  transit  of  a  unirk  on  the  ]iendulum  from  n'l/fif  to  />//.  seen  in 
the  telescope  (which  does  not  invert).     Dirt'erent  marks  were  used 

th 


for  different  sets.'  but  tlie  same  mark  wi'.s  always  oliserxec 
right  (11.)  and  left  (I,.). 


hutll 


'  Owiii'j;  to  ilcfi'i'livc  iliiiiuiiiiiliiin   lln'  point   lii'st  srlci'tcd,  wliich  wii-  tlir  iiiiil'i'-i'iJL'r.  niiiM  not 
iihvnvs  111'  seen,  iiml  otlicrs  wi'i'c  tiiiii'li— nil  i  filn'iii  iir;ir  thr  uxi- 


'4 


MA 


I       ' 


80 


T'vKCOIlD    AXT»    IMlSri/rS   OK 


'I'lic  jtriidiiliini  \il)rnf('s  ncavly  iit  iiicim  soliir  tiiiif,  ti'iiipcratiiri'  iit  IP  l'':ili. 
'I'lic  ic;,'i>t(r  ( !()( k  iciiiiicil  diiily  ".'".!)  on  ^idirciil  time, 

'I'lic  "iin:"  (k'uotcs  llii'  fiiiyU'  lii'twccii  the  cxtrciiu!  rif;;lit  and  Id'l  iio^itions  ol' the 
])('iididiiin. 

'I'lic  f^cological  fonnutioii  is  drift  ovcrlyiii;^  tlic  siliiviaii  rniks. 

I'l  iiilii/iiii)  i'xjiir'nid  tils. 

N'iljraliciiis  ulj.-i'i'Vfd  al   llii'  Oli.-^'rviitiin- nf  llai'viinl  ('Dllcirr,  ('aialiritliri ,  Ma^sacliiisrUs,  .Fiily  ;t 

ami  I,  Im;i).< 
(J.  1'.  lidiiil,  Pli'cctor  iif  OlKcrvatnvv,  nli^crvir. 


,Iiily  n,  \^W.     No.  1  fiKU's  t«lB»copo    14''  n?'"  -H  . 
anil  «wliij,'H. 


R. 

i:V'r.7"'i.v.2iitis 

17.2 


»npp.t1i('r.72''8P. 


•M,\) 

i).i.n 

811.0 


1(1W. 


IIH.S 


1!M!  oliscrver,  ti.  I'.  II. 
21. a 
2H.2  X 

2:<:i 


211. a 


R. 
I.'',   dH    :U.(i  at  1.')''  4"  upp.  Ili.T.  71. S 


33.; 


13    57    3'<.; 

4(1.; 


Iinv. 
arc  l.,'/i) 


42.3 
44.3 

4i;.3 

4H.2  X 

r>(i.2iit  131' .M)"'  arc 

ri2.2 

r)4.3 

r>ii.3 
r.s.2 


.10' 


ns  (1(1.3 

R. 

14  (Mi    .'■iL'.S 

ri4.8 

MM 

ris.8 

(17  1111.8  ,it  14'' 
(i2.il  X 
(i4.s 
(iiI.S 
(l.s.S 
10.8 
12.3 
14.S 


14  07   17.n 
lil.ll 

21.!) 
1-3.0 


3i;.u 

88.0 

4n.n 

42.0 
44.11 

4.;."  X 

4-.1 
fiii.l 
62.1 
C4.0 
S(l.l 
08.0 


I,. 

1.1  (H  23.3 
2fi.2 
27.3 
20.3 
81.2 
33.2 
;w.2  X 

37.3 
311.3 
41.3 
43.3 

4.'-i.3 
47.3 
411.3 

R. 

10  (u!    m.n  ,it  ir.i'  7'"nrp0.8i 


I-. 

li)''  (ii;"';iii  .3 
41.3 
4:!.3 
4.1. :l 
47.4 
411.4 

rii.4 


r.7.4 


,'•.11.4  X 
7  01.3 
03.4 
0.1.4 
07  4 
011.4 
11., I 
13.4 
i.1..1 
17.4 
111.4 

R. 

17'  (HI    li;.3.'it  17"  s-'.irc  II.4S 
ls.4 
20.4 
22.4 
24.4 


2i!.4  X 
28. .1 
30.  .1 

32..'; 

34.. 1 


17' OD  .luri 

I  .13..'. 


oi;.2  ,it  i«  y 
os.i 


11  pp. 

low. 


tll( 


71  .7 

(ill.S 


10.2      liar.  20.1124  iiiilip.? 

12.2     at.  thur.  74-  !•'. 

14.1  X 

1(!.2 

18.2 

20.2 

22.2 

24.2 


.111..') 
10  01.6 
03.6 
0.1.(1  X 
07. li 
011.7 
11  I! 
13.ii 

M.r. 

17.(! 


1  Some  cxporiiuonts  ma'l,"  .Tiily  2cl  aiifl  3,1,  with  kiiifn  <>ilu'ps  No.  3  an,l  No.  1  fariiii.'  tlic  tcloscopn  ami  swiiiuiiii,', 
ar(>  lii'ii'  oinitt('4.  It  was  foninl,  aftiT  ri'VprsiiiL.'  tlio  piMuliihiin  c\h\  for  oml,  tliat  the  wooili'ii  caso  iiitcrfi'it'cl  with 
tlio  fri'c,  aitioii  of  tlii>  pHivliiliiin  (in  position,  si'l,'  No.  4  farinc  tlio  ti-lcsropo  anil  swin^ini;),  T'l"  ''aso  was  scrcwcl 
cUwi'r  to  tlio  wall,  aU^'rin^'  liy  1  ^  or  2-  tlie  iucliiii.ti  in  to  horizoutal  plane  of  thu  faces  on  which  the  Iciiifi)  cljjfa 
rest  whi'ii  iii'iiiliilnm  is  oscillating. 

■'  Uecor.lfl  2-j.lO.  »  Recorded  IC' 


ASTKO.VO.M  ICA  I,    A  N  l>    (J  I' O  H  I!  T  I  C    ( »  i:  S  i:  |;  \   A  T  I  u  N 


i:, 


17" 


1-1.(1  111  I"''  fid"  arr  ii.:t;i  ' 

;ii:.l  at  17  .'i;»  ii|<|i,  iIht.  7i'  .t< 


;i''(i.'."'a:i.'J 


ItH.l 


lllW. 


4II.I  Imr.  'JII.:mi| 
4-i:i  lit.  tliir.  71 
44  2 

4i;.i 

4>.l  X 

03.1 
S4.il 

su.a 

lls.3 
7    (1(1.11 


ri7  (i'.i.:f 
11.2 
U.-i 
1».2 
17.3 
l!i,2 
".1.2 
U.2 
Vi.-i 
27.2 
211.2 

;ti.2  X 

:i:(.2 
H.'p.2 

;t7.;i 
■M:i 

41.2 
4:1.2 
4.1.2 
47.2 
411.2 


(i».7 


.:tx 


l'.i.:t 


;):i.;i 
;i.'..:t 
:t7.:t 
liii.'i 


;i  (i.-j  4>;  :i 
4-.:i 
.'lO.:! 
.I2.:i 
.M.:t 
.'.ii.:i  X 


el.:) 


:i   l:;    -l:,,; 


14    ("1.7  X 

('2.'! 
('1.7 


ril.2     Sl.i|.p.'l  (or  i1m>  iiiulil. 
.Inly  :!  ',4tl])  ImIK.     iMiniiil  |..'ii.liiliiiii 
slill  vilp^:llil^  .-il  7  .\.  M. 


I!i' 


■.1  to  l.l 


N.i 


li'.7 
I  J.  7 
11.7 


II    l:i.- 


:i  (12   ;fs.s  at  2''  .1(1' 


4((.8 


IIP).,  tin 


liar.  2:1. M2 


44.-*      .It.  tin 


71 


4ii.:>x  (It  :!'■  (("  iiri!  :i.s2 


4>i.! 


ri4.H 


olwurviT,  <i.  1'.  1). 


L. 

3  m  (17.!) 

(I!).!) 
11. s 
i;i.8 
Ui.a 
17.9 
iii.il 
21.0  x 
2:1.  n 

27.1) 
2H.9 
31.1) 
33.!) 
3.';.!) 
3t>.(l 

R. 
3  05    17.3 
111.3 
21.3 


.;i.7 


•JI1.7 


i<.''  X 


41.7 
43.7 
4r..7 
47.7 

4il.-< 

r,i.7 


::i-  |c  7 
IJ.I. 
I4.(i 
111.  (I 
lo.li 
2(1.(1 
22.(1 
21.7  X 
S(i.7 
.».! 
3(1.7 
32.7 
34.7 


>t4 


,11.   I. 


4   2'i 


32.3 
31.3  X 
3.1.4 
3-.3 


•17.3 
411.3 
S1.3  X 
ri3.3 
55.3 


at  3''  1(1' 


4  22  211.7  at  4'' 
31.7 
33.7 
3.-,. 7 
37.7 
3:1.7 
41.7 
43.(i  X 
4.1.7 
47.(i 
40.7 
.'.l.d 
.13.8 


'  llpp.  llnT.  <''.< 

Itiw.  (J7. 


Ill  (1I.7 

(13.(1 


II. (i 
13.(1 


24.  h 

2(1.7 

2X.S 

3(  I.  •( 

32.8  X 

34.8 

3(1.8 

S.8.8 

40.8 


1:1  .12.0 
.14.(1 
Sli.O 
flS.O 

2(1    (iii.O 
('2.(1  ■ 
(14. 1  ' 
00.0 
OS.l 
lli.l 


(!    2(1     1.^ 


17.1 
19.1 
21.2 


23.1 


■ix 


I'l' 


I!  i:c()  i;  ii  A  N  1 1  K  i;    I  i,T,>  M  r 


li'  Jl"  27  . 


:;i.l  at  iJ''  -I'"  iirr  II, Till 

II. I      ii|'i>.  tiM'i.  71. :i 


low. 


7II.J 


7  07    r.ii.il 

(l»     Hi.,') 

li:l.i| 
(i.VU 

(17.1: 
t''.i.ll  X 
11,1! 

l:t,7 
ir.,7 
17,11 

l!l,7 

I,. 

7  IIS    j.1.7 
ji;.7 

UH.7 


;iti.7  nt  7'' ti"  nri' li,.l:l  I 

:i'j.7  ii|'i>.  tlii'i'.  7;.!..'> 
;;i.7  X  i"«-.  "  7::.ii 
ilii.s  lit  7''  l:i"'  ■|ii-.ii|lii'  vilii-a- 

iiN.H    tiiiii  i>r  i>i'iiiiiiiiiiii  w.'Ls 

4i>,K      IriHii  li'll   to  liMhl,  tliii 
htral    tiaiisil   iH-t'iir- 


;jii  ,17 ,11 
;i;i.ii  X 
■il.ii 
4.1,1 
4.'i,i) 
47,11 


7  :iii   .'iii,ii  III  7''  :iii'' 
.'.'J.it 
r,4,o 
nii.i 
r.s,(i  X 

Ml  Hll.ll 
OJ.l 
114,0 

IMj.O 
(l>l,l 

li, 

1)4.J  X 

;)i!,3 


i;i  1-   I 


4.17 


■i:;.7 

41.S 


41.:!  ,-,i 
4:1.4  X 
4.-., 4 


;;i  'iii'p.  iii.T. 


1;: 


lti,i> 
21.7 
U.I.1I 


•J7,l 
TX-i 


4J.1 
44.1! 


.Mi,:i  X 


r.4,; 


nll2'  :;4"'iiii|i,llifr.7'r,s 


Urn. 


■I, 'I 


,2  li:ir.  211,71111 
.2  lit,  llii-r,  74 


llrVi'L-Mil  ti)  l.iin   Nil,  :i,  ^«lll^■ill^;  aii4 
t<iHaiil.s  llio  ti4i>.-iinit'. 


Ki'ver.'ii.'4  In  N(i.  1, 
U, 
7    1:4    4-.  I  1', 


iim  .'it  lliu  uvt'iihui'iili 


1:. 


12    14 


iiliMii  \y:i-.  ri'ViTM'il 


lint . 


,MM 


at  .ihiiiil   7"  III" 


la. I' 


No.    1     > 


\MllL'Ml^'    all' 


.''ll.l  luWaiil.-.    III.'    lflc:>li 

r.il.l 

riK,i 

|iii,2  X  llli.ilTV,l,  II.   1'.  li. 

('2,1 

114,1 

(iil.l 

<i-.l 

10.2 

i2,a 

I., 

17.1  at  7"  25"  .11c  4  ,4.'. 

I  '.I,  I 

21,0 

*':!.'' 


I., 


:i,'i.!i  al  12''  !">'"  aiv  11.211 
:i.s.ii  al  12    14    ii|'|i.  th.T.  7:! 
4ii.li 
42  0 
11.11 
4'-.  1 
4-.11 
■'■11.11  X 
.'ij.ll 
.'.in 
.-.il,  1 


I!  O^ol.MTV.r,  (J.  r,  11, 

:i,o 


l,'i     (111,0 
112  o 

114.11 


12   I.'.    i::.ii 
11.11 


•1   X 


1:1.0 

21.0 


12    .Ml 


2.1.0  X 
270 

21'. O 

111. 1 

K')' 

.'■Il  IN. II 
40.0 
42.1  X 
44.0 
4it.l 
4t*.l) 

I!. 

Ill    r.l    4-. 7  at  1'.'  Ifi    iipii.  IhiT.  70  .2 


lu-v. 


:  0.4o 


fiU.7 
58.7 


f  'Vl 


2:1.2 
:ii.i 
:i:t.2 


M.tf 


2H..'.  X 


y.'i.r)i 
;i7.i; 
liii.ii 


41.1; 

411. 

4.'i.il 

47.ii 

4:1.1! 

.',l..'i 


)  X 


U. 

7   :iii    :-il.o  at  7''  2;i"'  arc  'J.SO 
oli.U 
3D.0 


:ii.ii 


41.11 

4:1.11 


12   17    4s„'. 


18    Oil..') 


12   is    (17.4 

(i:i,4 
11,4 
13.4 


17    I- 


(I, ,11  X 
(il).li 

u.o 


n  11  at  17'  Is"  ,iiv  |i.2."i 


17    is 


11  pp.  tlmr.  "O'-O 
Imv.      "       lis,!) 
X  liar.  2ll.s:iii 
at.  tlii.r.  71. 


Ss,7 


N.  1!.  Tim  last  sets  of  iilmcrvatiniis, 
lai-H  No.s.  1  aiitl ;{,  wi-n.  taken 
Hitlimit  any  alti'iatimis  of 
tlio  casi;  from  itri  puMitton 
for  Nos.  2  ami  4. 


i^liinil.l  III'  1,. 

A.s  .i.->iimi'.l  liy  Mr.  Siiiuitag  ;  li'ft  Maiik  in  MS.    To  jii.lsi;  froiu  ,'„o  rateof  the  ilocU  it  ..liiiulil  Iw  L.  ainl  IX.   [Pen,] 


I  i 


A  >l' I!  o  \  (»  M  I  r  \  I     \  \  ,1   i,|.i|i),||r   (i|;.-i:i;\    \lin\ 


|'<m;mii..i:  .\\i»  mi:tii(ih  or  i;i:i)i(  rioN 

'I'll  l'('llil'i°  tlic    rr'>llll->    iililailiril    ;it    iliU'i'l'i  lit    jiliiio    I  n||i|i.i|'alili'  \Mtll  Till  li  nllirr. 
tlir  iiliM'I'M  il    limiilirr  III'    \  ihl'Mtiiills    I'l  i|llii'i'    till'    liilliiW  illLi'    I'liU'i'l  tiiill>,  llliil  till'  I'llti' 


it'  lUiik  liiiviii;;  liiNl  liii'ii  ii|i|iliri|. 


Tf 


ll'i  il  lllllnil    In    III  I'lilili  1 11    Sum//   ,\ri\ 

'I'lir  diiriitiiiii  111'  ;i  \  iliriil''i!i  in  miy  miimII  hit  i .  iil\v;i\'<  ','rr,iirr  iliuii  in  mi  iiiliiiih  ly 
mil  1 1  II  rr,  I  lie  ciirrcrtiiill  In  I'll'  (ilisiTMil  nilliilirr  III'  \  ilir.iliiili-.  i  -  lliriil'dir  ;ii|iliti\r. 
I.f't  A  —  till'  iiiitiiil  M'liii-iin   III'  \  iliiMtiiiii 
iiiiil 


II  —-  thr  ti'i'iiiiiiiii  sniii-  re  nl   MluMtioii 
y      iiuniliri'  (if  \ilii'iitii.iis  in  ii  uixcn  time 


turn  till'  (iiiTC'ctiiiii 


.l/.s/</   (.1    I  <l)  .-III  (.1  —  0  ..  .1/m',,'   1' 

•i»' (li'i,'.  ■'•///  .1 — In;;.  •'-/'//  ")  'A'S 


In-.  .1—1 


At  f'niiiliviilt,'!'  tlir  nimilirr,  X,  nl'  viliratinns  in  ii  niriiii  snliiv  tiny  is  iilmiit  s(i  I'JO.  nl. 
I'nit  I'liiilki'  aliiiiil.  Mi.").")().  anil  since  .1/.  tlic  Inijaritliniir  niniinlns       (t.  |:il'.*l>  I'),  tlir 


ln;;aritlini  nt'  till'  raclnr  .V 
I'nr  llicsr  liiralitirs. 


,l/.s///-    1 


lircnnirs  [".(.."j.Vjl).')  J  ailil  | '.)..").'i:i(i  I  J  II  sjiri  li\ilv 


( 'ill' I'l  lilt  III    im'    'Il  III  jii  nil  II  n   III'  I'l  III/ II/ II  III , 

I'uv  a  lii;ili('r  triiiiiriatnrc  tlian  tlin  ailnplril  stamlaril  triii|iriatiirr,  tlir  iicikIiiIiihi 
lirmnics  l(iii;,'('r.  anil  tlir  iininlii'r  nl"  viliratinns  aic  (liininislicil ;  tlir  cnirrrtinii  tn  .V 
is  tlicrcl'orr  positiM',  I'nr  a  Inwcr  ti'iiiiicnitnri'  than  tlic  stantlanl  ti  ni[icralnrc,  the 
foiTcction  is  n('i,Mtivc. 

Lot  <'=  rocflicicnt  nt'  cxpiinsinn  nl'  the  mat'-  'al  nt'  the  jiniiliilnni  liar 
t  =  observed  tennierature 
Z,,:^  standard  teiiiperatiire 

tliiii  the  correction  =  N  -  (/ — I.) 

The  averajjo  temppraturo  of  the  ])eii(liiliini.  when  swnn;,'  at  ('aiiiliridi;r,  was  iilmnt 
71°,  and  at  Port  Foulke  ahnnt  "J^r  I'lih.  1  have  theret'nre  adnptiil  .")()"  I'ah.  as  a 
convenient  standard  temperature. 

Uelialile  determmations  of  (  for  P  Fall,  seem  to  vary  hetweeii  O.OOOOlOl  and 
O.OOOOIO."),  taking  the  mean  and  using  A' as  alio\e  we  liinl  I'nr  the  cncHicieiit  of/ — /„ 
tlic  vnihie  ().4.)11  for  Camliridge,  and  ().4-'JlN  I'nr  I'mt  I'milke.  nr  the  lngaritlinii(^ 
factors  [i).(i.Jl-,».s]  and  [!).(;.-)4!)4]  respectively 


Corn I'liDii  Jnr  Ptiiiiiiiiiiiij. 

As  tlio  pondnlmn  WHS  not  swung  in  a  raritied  ineilinni  tn  ascertain  tlie  inrri'itinii 
for  Imoyancy  and  resistance  exiierimentally.  we  use  the  cnetHcieiit  diteniiined  hy 
IJailej  (see  \'nl.  \  II.  )>.  ".'7,  Meiiinirs  Uiiyal  A>tronoinical  Sncieiy). 

Ti  Uiiy,  l;»Oi». 


34 


15  Kcon  n  A  \  I)  itrsr  r,Ts  of 


l.rt  ji      ri'iiiliii;,' <ir  liiirdiiittrr  in  iii<  his,  miil  rctliict'fl  to  IlvJ"  I'iili. 

/        trlii|irl;itlir(  V'l    tll('  nil'  ill  lii'^^'lrcs  ol"   Full,;    then    flic    ((irrir  (ion   in  (lie 

imnilici'  ut'  \ilinitiiius  nuuk'  in  ii   iiuiiii  Huliir  <lay  liy  u  btms  (iliuIuIuiii 

Till'  iivcriif,'!'  rcdiniii,'  (if  tlic  liiirniiH'trr  (rciliiK d  to  ;iv*^)  at,  ('iiniliridyc  is  '.*!)'". *".', 
ami  at  I'cirt  I'oiillvc  ,'!I".N",',  tln' <>l">'«i'vatiiiiiH  iiavr  tlun  luic  In  i  ii  itUnrd  to  tlir 
coiivcuii'lit  uviTagc  nadiiij,'  'J!)".H  hy  the  i'oriiiiila 

I  +  (».()( )j;»  (/  —  ;{•.') 

'I'lio  avrrnf,'(>  /  at  ('amlii'i<ly;('  is  7((''.i»,  and  at.  I'oit  I^'oiilivc  +  '.''J'^.s  lirMicc  llic  ror- 
r.ctiun  lur  ('ainhridf,'!'  OM't  (J— •JD.S),  and  for  I'ort  i'nnlkc  i\.:U\'>  (,i—->\i.s). 
'I'lif  icdnciion  to  xaciiuiii  is  always  additive.  The  vavialiuus  from  tlir  iiveragr  t  ut 
cither  [tliicc  are  Mnall. 

J>i ihti'ti'iii  Iti  III!    /.in!  iif  llii   Sill. 

I,et  .V       nninliir  of  vibrations  at  the  cle\ated  station 
A'l    -  corrcspoudiiifj  imniher  at  the  sea  Uvel 

//=-thc  elevation  and   A'       the  earth's  radius,  then  the  tcdurtioii  to  the 
jiiiinher  of  vihrations  in  a  day  (see  NUl,  \'  1 1,  |i,  'ix,  Mcin.  IJoy.  Ast.  Soc.) 

—  (•.(!(>(>  A'      a  correction  which  is  always  additi\c      I'or  ('aiiil)rid;,'e 

we  have  (».(l(l-.'7(i  //,  and  for  Port  Koulke  0.(KCJ77  7/,  the  elevation, 
above  half  tide   beiiiy  expressed  in  feet. 


Frnm  the  preredin;]j  record  tic  following'  abstract  of  nbservod  times,  arcs,  tcmper- 
atnrcs  iind  atmospheric  jtressiire  has  been  formed. 

The  first  column  contains  the;  iinniDcr  of  observed  times  united  into  a  mean;  the 
second  column  the  average  clock  tiniv-s  of  vii)rations  from  right  to  left ;  for  an  odd 
number  of  times  the  mean  corresjHmding  to  tli(>  middle  one  is  set  down  :  for  an 
even  inimb'T  either  the  first  or  last  observaticm  was  omitted;  the  middle  times,  in 
nil  cases  are  marked  thus  x  in  the  preceding  record ;  the  third  column  contains 
the  arcs  of  vibration ;  when  not  directly  observed  tli(>y  were  interjiolated  by  a 
graphical  jjrocess,  the  arcs  are  inversely  as  the  scjuares  of  the  times,  and  the  curves 
constructed  on  a  sufficiently  large  scale  proved  them  to  be  (iuit(;  smooth  and  regular ; 
the  fourth  coUunn  contains  the  averag(>  temperatures  observed  or  interi)olated.  TIk; 
next  column  contains  similar  information  for  vibrations  from  left  to  right,  and  the 
last  cohunn  gives  the  observed  height  of  the  barometer  when  referred  to  tem- 
perature 32°  Fall. 

The  first  mmms  for  face  3  have  been  corrected  by  subtracting  one  second  to 
refer  to  ''right"  and  '-left"  respectively. 


A  sTiioNo  \i  I  r  \  I,  ASH  li  i;ii  hi:  I  I  r  n  i; ■■  i:  i:  \  \  r  mv  s 


:»:• 


0I.'». 

l!i  illlrliiill  of    I'l'lnl 

llllllll     I'iXiM 

liiiii  III.  iii.i.li'  ill  .1 

iil\,  1  M.O.  Ill  1  'iiiiilir 

.1-,..  \l.i.. 
Art'. 

Ilir. 

Fui'f  1. 

Cloik  iluiiH,  11. 

Arc. 

Thiii|i. 

iii.'», 

riipi  R  llniim,  L. 

(» 

l:i''  .'i7"'  t.wil 

3".1."> 

71  .;i 

11 

);,h    ;,.„>  4,.  .^;, 

:j  .I.'. 

II 

U    07     iiL'.xl 

2x» 

712 

11 

11     07     27 '.II 

2   HI 

l:t 

I.')    ii:i    4ti.(i;l 

i.r.o 

7(1  s 

1:1 

l.'i     o|     :i.'i  2il 

1  .Ml 

II 

III    (III     1!  Ill 

O.xl 

70  7 

21 

111     or,     ;'.'.' ;|x 

lisl 

2;>  >>o 

It 

IT     (II)     'Jll.4lt 

0    |H 

711  1 

1:1 

1;     lo     0.1  .•i7 

0.  IS 

l.-i 

17     fill     4«.M 

0  33 

li'J.t 

21 

17     .■'7     ;il.2U 

o.aa 
:iii.-. 

2;i.7s 

2:1.70 

It 

F.i.c  2. 

;i    0:1    21  «"< 

;i    0-'    4r.>i 

:i  70 

117,  !l 

l."i 

11 

•'1     II.')     '-'7.1'^ 

;!.;p:I 

r,--  0 

II 

:i    M."i    .'■iii.:il 

:;  .Ml 

IS 

:>     1 1     iMii'iii 

:!  l,-i 

IW  2 

111 

;i     11     :i7  7l 

a.l.i 

i:i 

4    'J J    4:i  M 

.  .  . 

iw.;! 

1.'. 

4    2;i    211:.". 

.  .  . 

5 

4    -Jil    :u.;i2 

.  .  . 

Ti 

1    211    :<\  :;o 

It 

.5     111)     07.(iri 

0.72 

711.11 

'.1 

.■>    ;i'.i    ;i2.7ii 

0.72 

It 

n    20    o-.>.o:{ 

o..'iO 

711. s 

'.1 

1;    20    2.'>.l:i 

0  .lO 

11 

7     OS     0!).i;2 

O.lili 

72.2 

11 

7     OS     .11.71 

u.aii 

TlUV    1. 

i:t 

7     1'.')     Oil.  1 1 

1  l."> 

72  7 

;i 

7     2.".     2."i  1;; 

4.l."i    . 

T) 

7     ■.'"     2s.,-,J 

i.:;ii 

72,s 

!l 

7     27      i:!..''T 

4. .10 

•t 

7    :;ii    Dii.oi 

I.IT 

7  2.  '.1 

n 

7     .'10     .■|'<.ii2 

4.17 

3 

7    :;s    ;t».:io 

.  .  . 

7:1.1 

;; 

7    :n     i:i.:;7 

.  .  . 

ITi 

\-2      11      .''lO  00 

0  J,'> 

72.7 

1.-. 

12      l.'i     2>.'.i'.i 

o.2."p 

7 

ij    17    .^»r)l 

o.2:i 

72.'.! 

11 

12      H      17. "'2 

0.2a 

:> 

iL'    liJ    ;n.i8 

0  2(1 

72.:i 

',1 

12     22     .Ml. 21 

0.20 

2'.i.i;7 

Fii.x'  3. 



r. 

12     Till     2">.00> 

:!.  Ill 

72  0 

r» 

12     fill     42.011 

a. 40 

—    1.00) 

—   1. 

fi 

111     111     .')2.70 

0.10 

r.'.Mi 

.'•. 

Ill    20    o7.r.ii 

0.40 

f) 

111     IS     2."i.(12 

0.2."i 

on.  1 

."■i 

17     is    :ii;.7o 

O.2.". 

211.72 

Tlic  ioUowiiifj  reduction  f^ivcs,  in  the  first  iilacc,  tlic  iiilcrvais  of  (lie  clock  times 
ohtiiiued,  for  face  4,  by  subtracfiuf,'  tlie  first  nicau  from  tlie  fourlli,  tlie  secoiiil  from 
tlie  tlftli,  aiul  the  tliird  from  flic  si.xtli ;  for  face  'i  by  omitting'  the  means  at  1  lioms 
as  ti.  y  will  contribute  almost  notliin^'  to  tlie  accuracy  of  tlie  result,  and  tlieii  jiro- 
ceediiif^  as  in  the  preceding  case  for  faie  1;  for  face  1  by  tlie  same  treatment  alter 
(imittiiijjj  the  central  mean,  and  for  face  1}  by  subtractini,'  the  first  from  the  .second 
and  third  means. 

These  clock  iiiter\als  ar(>  next  reduced  to  mean  time  inter\als  ])y  aiiplicatioii  of  a 
correction  for  rat(>  (/•).  It  was  found  convenient  to  ii])ply  this  correction  separately 
for  rate  of  clock  on  sidereal  time,  for  wliich  jiurpose  a  small  table  was  computed 
cxtendiufi;  to  o  hours,  and  secnndlv  for  acceleration  of  sidereal  011  mean  timi'. 


UK  (MM!  i>  A  N  i>  i:  i;.sr  lts  of 


Tlic  ni('!in  tiiiM' jiitcrviils,  cxpn'sscd  in  sccniiils,  an'  Inllowcd  hy  tlic  (■orrcsiKiiKliiiu 
iniiiilici'  of  \ ihriitiiiiis  jtci'fni'iiicil  in  tlic  intrrvals  iVom  wliicli.  liy  ])V()])()ition,  tin 
imiiuIkt  (if  vil)riitii)n.s  X  pcrfornicd  in  a  day  arc  cdnipntcd.  'I'lic  con-cctions  for  aic. 
tciiipcruturc,  and  atniosphcvic  jircssiirc  \vci'c  coMiputrd  hy  tiu'  foiinuhi'  yixcn  al)o\c, 


CIchIv  intiTvalrt. 

CiirriMli.in 

M.-,in  tiiMc 

NlUlil"T 

C.MIV:^.    N,,. 

{■ 

ilnMlii.iis  f 

,!■ 

\' 

for  rati*. 

iiitcrval.-i. 

of  vil.r's. 

ill  a  ilay. 

Arc. 

■IVn,,,. 

Aim.  in: 

A'ilir's  ri.dit 

Kiici' 

4. 

'!'•  (IS'"  ,"iOMI;") 

—21. -37 

770!l".5S 

7710 

8i;404  71 

+  1.30 

+  !t.47 

.00 

80415.57 

:i  n-2    2:;.(;-.' 

— ;io.23 

101113.  .-Ill 

limit 

si;  iiii.sii 

+  0.01 

+  0  20 

II 

15.00 

2  M    02.11 

— 2.'^.0.S 

10353.43 

10354 

si;4ii4.74 

+  o.;io 

+  0.11 

II 

14.15 

Villl-'s   irfl 

2  o'.t    111:; 

—21.12 

7720.71 

7730 

si;4o;!.24 

+  1.30 

+  !M7 

II 

sr,4M.Io 

;i  02    HT.cfi 

— 3.S.2S 

1O027.3S 

10028 

Si;405.02 

+  0.01 

+  0.20 

II 

10.12 

2    r.2     65.1)1 

Vibr's  riirlit 

— 2S.07 

10347.27 

10348 
I''ac(' 

80400.10 
2, 

+  0.30 

+  0. 1  1 

II 
Jk'iiii 

15.51 

80415.07 

2    .'{•;     20.81 

—25.02 

0:!54  SO 

0350 

80,410.20 

+  1.00 

+  S.57 

—.03 

8042(1.10, 

;i   14    :!4.7.-) 

—32.20 

11042.40 

11044 

80,41  1.20 

H   1.20 

+  S.T5 

" 

21.21 

;i    .'■)4     (IS.!)(! 

—38.  S3 

14010.13 

14012 

8(;411.54 

+  0.01 

+  0.11 

" 

21.53 

Vilir's  li'l'l 

2  :!(;    lo.iti 

— 2.5.S!I 

0345.02 

0340 

sr,4lo.i;8 

+  1.0,2 

+  8.57 

—.03 

80,420  s.( 

If    14     2s.  s2 

—32.25 

11030.57 

11038 

si;4lii.i;2 

+  1.27 

+  s  75 

" 

20.0,1 

:i   53     57.03 
Viliv'.s  risriit 

— ys.so 

13008.23 

14000 

80411.83 

1. 

+  0.01 

-i-  0. 1 1 

■ 

II 
.Mi'iiii 

21.s:i 

80421.08 

4    4 '.I     4'.)..ss 

t.S.OO 

17311.82 

17344 

80410.80 

■I-I.I2 

+  10,24 

—.04 

80,422.48 

4    50     25.'.!!) 

— 4S.10 

17377.83 

17380 

80410.78 

+  1.31 

+  I0.2S 

" 

•'■'  3.3 

4    51     52.17 

-48.3!* 

17403.78 

17400 

80410.08 

+  1.17 

+  10.10 

" 

2-130 

Vilir's  Icl't 

4    50     03.  si; 

— 4S.  10 

17.355. 70 

1 7358 

80,411.10 

+  1.42 

+  10.24 

80,422. 7  s 

4    50     3:;. 05 

— 4S.  IS 

173S5.77 

17388 

80,41  1.00 

+  1.31 

■f-  111.28 

(1 

22.01 

4    51     52. 1 'J 
VilirV  rif^lit 

—48.30 

17403  so 

17400 
Kaec 

si;4lo.ou 
3. 

+  1.17 

+  10.10 

II 
Mean 

O.)   O.) 

80,422.45 

3    23     2S.70 

—33.71 

12174.00 

12170 

80407.38 

+  1.10 

+  o.:is 

—  III 

si;il7.s-j 

4    22     01. 02 

— 4.;.44 

1507s,  is 

1 5080 

80410.02 

+  o.r,s 

+  0  34 

" 

20.00 

Vilir's  l.fl 

;i    23     20.50 

—:!;!.  74 

I2I7J.S2 

12171 

s(;40s  :;i; 

-1  l.lo 

■1  0.38 

II 

80,  It  8.  so 

4    21     55.00 

—43.42 

15072,21 

15074 

si;4oo.r,8 

H  o.o.s 

+  0.:!4 

II 

10.0,0, 

80410.07 

^^'c  li;ivc  tlicrcforc  tlic  folIn\vin<j;  rcsnitin;,'  niinilicr  of  viliralioiis  jicvfornicd  at 
Caniliridiic  in  a  mean  solar  day.  tlic  tcniiicratnrc  of  llic  pcndnlnin  licini^  ;")0°  I'ali.. 
and  the  atmosphcr'c  jircssnrt'  '-';•. s  iiulics  (witli  the  nienuv}  :it  llic  tcinpcratnrc  of 
freezing  water). 


A  STIION'OM  I  (•  \  F,    AND    (I  I' «)  I>  i:  l' I  C    ()  l!>  I'  K  \"  A   T  1  i»  \ 


First  |iiisilion  (cf  pitiiliiliiiu. 
"     -'  "      "    M;t:il.ltS 


AI'It'T  r.'  cr^;!).  fth]  fur  mil. 
l-'iicc  1  >winL'iiiir,   m;  |l'-_',  (.') 
"    :j        "         m;  II '.1. 117 

Mian,   M'.Il'ii."'; 


Alcaii,  sc,  |l>.(iS 
^^('!1M  cif  two  )Misiliiiiis         ...........   scil'.i  !•_' 

('iil'l'ci-lidli  I'm'  !^(l'  I'cct  cli'Vutiiiii  atiiivc  li.ill'  lidi'  -|-      .....  .  .-JJ 

liu.-iiltiriLMiiiiiiliii'  (pf  vilii'ati(iii>  at  lli<'  li'vcl  nf  the  .-1  a  in  ihr  lal  iliulc  nT  t'aiiilii'i.l'.'i'   m;  I  I'.M.  I 

Tho  Cambridw  Ohsi'ivatoiT  i^^  in  latitude  \r  '22'  ')\"..') 


(Ihst  /•nilimifl  fdiilliiti  <I   irilll    /'<  iiilillinil    K. 


'pi  mill  llts  lit    Piii'l    VnllU.'i 


Tlic  following  oh.MTvatioiis  for  local  time  at  I'ovt  I'diilkc  were  taken  liir  tlie  siicr  iai 
purpose  of  ftUMiisliiiifT  the  clirononieter  rate  re(|uire(l  for  the  pendulinn  esperinients. 
'l'li(>  ol)ser\('d  doulile  altitudes  of  cx  I.yra',  Septcniher  "J'.'d  and  Octoher  lllli.  I'^iiO. 
iji\('U  in  the  preci'dinj,'  part  of  tlic  astronomical  record,  lieloiio;  to  the  same  series. 


Ol)sorvalioiis  Inr  liiiic,  Octuln'i-  1.  Isi;(). 

]>Mlllll0  illtitUilr-  nf   ,1    I. VIM',    willl   n-llcrl  iUiT  lircll'.        A.    SlllllllaL^   nll.^crVlT. 


Iiiik'.\ 


I'uiket  ilirciioanlLM' 


1(1'^   :ji"'  iiy 


i  + 1   -hv      + 1    ;!ir      +1    :;ii 


\-\-\  (III       +1 


la        i- 1    fill 


(_',,iT,  cii,,!!  +  1    II 


r,.ri;,t .  1 


:!S      0- 


:!'.! 


10 


M     1; 


-1:!     (IS 


(It 


I  (a 


•  411 

"( lit 

( :;a 

'( -.'(I 

(:;i) 
(  Jii 
<  111 
(  111 


(  II' 
( .".(I 


( u'a 

(10 

( -jit 

(10 

( lai 


iriittMiiii'ter 


la'-     I  I'   11:1 


W 


ii;    III 


17     b 


I-    ii'.i 


r.i    iij 


r.i    II 


■1    t'.i 


II 


r,t 


(III 
10 


(10 
CO 

to 

CO 


so 


to 

10 

to 

10 


T  =  +  IC'..").  I!  ^  '2'.i'".C!):?  at  I'O"       Index 


;  +  1    III"     +1    :;ii        +1    ■-■11  '  I 

'  +  I     (111  +  I     (111  H-  I     (Ml      j 


to 
"■'    (10 

<',,it'ii  4-  I    0^ 


(.\s  in  ])recediiijj;  cas(>s,  the  observations  were  comliiueil  two  liy  twn.) 

iirlV'n  for  liivt  iiair  —  1'  (It". 7,  for  last  —1'  OC    ,1; 

s's  iK'ciiiialioii  «  =  +  .'iso  vy  '\W .\.  ridit  n^^rcnsion  a  =  is''  :;•_•"'  \:\\'.\ 

Sidereal  time  at  mean  unon  I'i'  4"J  '  iJo".*) ;   the  sidereal   time   is  coaMrted   into 
mean  time,  and  A7'is  tli(^  chronometin'  correction  on  nu  an  local  time. 


Aiiiial-  of  llu'  Olisc^rvatory,  Vol,  1,  Pari  I.  \y  .\vl. 


tj»l^ 

T-^n^ 

W  lii 

^'ni'  "i 


Zti  1 


p* 


ill 


i 


:58 


11  K  C  O  11  I)    A  N  D    1!  i:  S  r  L  T  S    O  F 


10''  ;m'"  41" 

10  .'58  32.5 

10  40  2i; 

10  42  40.5 


JO 


10  44 

10  4I>  41 

10  4S  ;!.').; 

10  .^O  (HI 

10  i>2  22 


4.'!'  fi4'  :iO' 

4;i  4.S  4;i 

4;{  4:!  17 

4:!  .'i.S  2.S 

4;i  .•i2  02 

4:!  2(i  27 

4:!  20  OS 

!:!  14  2(! 

4;!  10  17 
4:, 


r.s"  r,4'  40' 

r»',)  25  25 

50  54  0:5 

(10  1!)  23 

(;o  M  1 1 

(il  22  25 


CI 

(i2 


(»;j 


;)0 


i5     1 !) 


41;     25 
l;i     4  0 


A'/" 

—51'"  or 
—50  5:{ 
—50  5;! 
—51  05 
— 51      05 


—50  57 

—50  54 

—50  M 

—51  01 


Mean 


OliscrviiliuM.'^  for  tiiiip,  Octnlicr  2,  l^ilO. 


Doulik'  altr[(i(l(,'.-i  (if  a  TiVi'ii',  widi  rclk'ctiiii 


A.    Snillldl 


—50     5s.4  +  0'.9 


oliscrv 


Ilidc 
Pockot  chronometer 
10''    4(';"'  5!)" 


(-1-0'    4(1"      -f(|'     10"      -f  r   10  ■) 


<+0     40        +0 


iO 


+  1     10     )' 


C'(jri'i'c(ioii  +  0'  4S"  3 


48 


50     19 


■)1     ,'U 


45 


II     00     10 


(Il     07 


02      10 


03     01 


03     4 'J 


05     00 


8C-  04' 


(  20' 


85     5 1 


3S 


84 


«  CO 
■(  50 
,.  (00 
'"  (20 
(30 
"(  20 
<30 
(20 

( i;o 

(  50 
(  20 
(  20 
<30 
(20 
<  50 
(  10 
<70 
(  10 
(  20 
(  20 
(  50 
'(  50 
(  so 
(  50 

I  :;o 
(  20 
fsn 

\  50 
,  .  <  SO 
'■'    (40 


I'ockft  clirniniinotiir 
11''    20'"   45= 


21      41 


4!» 


24 


l!» 


14 


O'.l 


00 


40 


24 


2(1      1 4 


28     24 


lit     40 


r  -  —  I'  07  .; 


In,l,.v   <+l''^'l"      +r  3(1"      +1'20"> 
'  -^       .  .     ■..         .  .    20        +1    (III     J 

,  M-r  10"    +r 


(  -1-1   10     + 


00 


('(jrn'i'dciii  .|-  r  1(;",(; 


82'3  4:. 


M 


20 


Oil 


48 


28 


II 


CO' 


20 
00 
40 
20 
10 
(10 
10 
00 
10 


20 


10 
40 


10 


20 


40 

(;o 


40 


(  00 


?  —  2!l'".811  !it 


-r  i3".3 

i  =  +  38^= 
Si(L 


'I' 


(  +  1 


:5".4 


.('I'l'iu  tiiiic  at  iJicaij  iiniiii, 


+  {■  00") 
+  1    30        +1     10     ) 


IS''  32'"  13".!) 
12    4(1     30.3 


Ciii'r'ri  —  ^  1'  1,' 


•      i 


A .s  i' HO  X () M 1  f  A  I,  A  \  i»  u  i: u I) i: t ic  o li s  1-;  ii  v  a t ions. 


i 


■17'"   IS" 


iVl  112 

T)!!  (II) 

:>H  11) 

00  -lo..") 


42=-  ");!'  ir 

42  r.O  IT 

42  40  4:1 

4  2  .■;.■>  r.) 


1;  1     2'.l 
(;.■)     is 


,.')    i:> 


44 


2S 


02 
04 


:!;"! 


21  l:i 

2:J  12 

25  00 

2(!  54.5 

20  05.5 

,",1  in,  5 


42  21  21 

42  15  2'.) 

42  (I'.I  ."7 

41  r.l  5S 

41  i:i  5S 

41  (IS  111 

41  02  20 

40  55  5:1 

40  4S  5ll 

411  4  2  25 

40  ;;i;  :;s 


5i;  42 

2ii  12 

51;  is 

(l5  (I'.I 


(i:i     (I'.I 


I    (II 


44 
44 

4('> 
40 


4S 
44 
4S 


'.I      4 '.I 
II 
5     Id     In 


II 


IVJI 


rird 


r.l 


Mr 


-IS        |r,.S   i    (I  , 


()lisi'rviilinii>  l'(ir  tiiiic,  O.lulirr  '.1,  l^^r.O, 


holihlc  iilliluilrs  of  a  I.vi';r,  uilli  ITlliclili^-  cil'i'li'. 


IikIi'.x 


Pocki't  cliriiiionu'tcr 
10''    :i.i"'   42» 


:!i)     n 


HI 


40      40 


41      4( 


42 


4:!      4'i 


IS 


4('>     01 


40 


4S     42 


(  +  1 
l  +  l 


2(1"      +1     00'        H-  I     "1  ■  • 


+  1 


+  '1 


) 


■'iiiuiLiL'',  iiii>crK'r. 


cliiiii  -f  1 


I'lii-lict  iliidinimi't.'r 


sr:   40' 


(  20' 


(  20 


1(1'' 


II 


(40 
(  40 

<  40 

(:;o 

(  40 

(  10 
t  10 
( ;io 
.  <  50 
"    ,50 

'■'     CIO 

■,2    '^" 
'-    (20 

,.     '00 

,  00 

<40 

(40 

<  10 
(40 
<20 
(40 
(  20 
CiO 

,    <(;o 


,lll"'    lls< 


.1     1: 


15 


12 


40 


IS 


1  I        III!       (12 


I      1:: 


15 


10 


(40 
<50 


HI 
ill 


10 


HI 


10 


10  ■? 

20  ^^ 

■M  "3 

10  -^ 

20  .1 


00 


(  50 


+  1! 


1!  =  :!0'".072iii;!0°   liiili'.v 


(  +2'  10"  +r  50"  +r  10"  4-1  10") 

(  +2   20     +1    50     +  I    50    -f  r  10    j 


20 

10 

20 
(  20 


Cun-'ii  -f  r 


r  =  —  r  OS'. , 


i  =  +  .'is    ;!'.i'  ;>5",:! 
Jsidi'i'iii!  tiiiiL'  lit  iiR'aii  iiciiiii, 


H!    II     01;  1 


ti 


.  ii 


40 


I!  i:('()  It  11  A  N  I)  i;  i;s  l'  i/r 


OF 


If"  (17 


:;7  r.i.:, 

in  OS..-, 

\-2  I'.l 

It  ■.',•>.:> 

■K!  2(i.r, 

IS  I7.."> 


ii"  is'  .((1 


i-i 


:t 


.:i 


II    (II     111 


12  (IS  -ii 

1-2  (Id  ;>:; 

II  Til  -J'.l 

11  17  -J  I 

11  II  IS 


1 1    -i'.l 


II  r.i  21 

11  12  2'.i 

II  (17  ■■!(] 

II  (12  (12 
1(1  ."ii;  ."i:l 

III  :>\  II 


r,7^  1(1'   (Id" 


c.s  (!•;  :;',( 

C.S  4(1  is 

c.'.t  12  2S 

Ci'.l  IS  (II 

7(1  Ki  1(1 

7(1  II  (II 

71  17  4ii 


;2    (17 


12     21 


SI      (I'.l 


-is"'   ;")(■,' 
M 

i;:! 

:">7 
;■)!» 

r,(i 


r.i 

•31) 
58 
53 
53 
51 


51 

■IS     ."il  !)  ±  n-.c, 


I>nlililc  iillitmli 


Oh>('rviiiiiiii-:  fur  tiiiic,  Oi'iulicc  Ki,  Isco. 
^  iif  u  I.^vrii',  with  ivflcclinii'  circlo.     A.  Sonnlnn' 


<  +r  ^(1  ■      +r  2(1"      4-(V  -Id"  I 
(  +1    .'Jd        + 1    (Id        -f  d    III     y 


oliHorviT. 
C.irr(<'tioM  =  +  1'  OS'  .3 


I'lM-kil  .liroiioiniiti'r 
Id''    ,M"'    17' 


^1   I." 


(Id  t: 


3  II 


1   1 1) 


1!) 


(  2(1' 


(  20 
( (Id 
<  10 
(20 

( i;o 

(  10 

( (;o 

(  50 
\  10 
i  10 
1  10 
(  50 
(  CO 
(  10 


J'i..-l;.'t  .-1 

11''  on 


irnuoint'tor 


',)     5 1 


Id 


tl       1.- 


T  =  + 


2  .5,  IJiir  3d'".0."i0iit  25°     Index 


<  4-r  311"   -f  r  20"   -f  0'  50"  > 


(+1    2d     +1 


20     +0  40   ) 


+  : 


3!l' 


Id" 
1 1 


5:1  23.5 

(II  11.5 

o:!  4i;.5 

0(1  2(1.5 

(I','  03.5 

II  I'.l.  5 

13  08 


.Si(li.'i'L'al  liiuo  ill  mean  iukjii, 


41"  03'  12" 

40  5d  41 

40  15  07 

40  37  21) 

40  2S  ;■)() 

40  21  Oil 

40  1  I  III) 

40  OS  r.i 


.=  l.s''  32'"  ir.'.l 
13    IS    02.(1 


73°  2S'    34' 
74     30     37 


74 


;)S 


11 


75  35  5S 

-,l\  is  41 

-,i)  5(1  43 

;-  20  33 

17  5S  03 


Ml' 


so      ;<-i 


4S 


Sl°  0,3'  -^I'l" 
(  40 

<  20 

,  20 

(  00 

(00 

(20 

(10 

i  30 

(20 
(  20 
(20 
■(  30 
(20 
(00 


311 


33 


27 


21 


ir, 


C'uiTcctiuu  +  r  10" 


— 4.S'"  5S" 
50 
51 
63 
42 
48 
52 
41 

— 4S     50.1  ±  IM 


A  S  T  It  0  N  0  M  1  C  A  L   A  N  H   (i  K  0  D  K  T  I  C   O  I!  S  i:  II  V  A  'I'  I  ()  N  S. 


•U 


P.KfAriTri.ATION  (IF  dllSKIlVEIl  riillUKiTIiiN  (iF  Pol  KFT  f'lHii  iSnMKTKU  AT  I'l'liT   I"i  MI.KF.,  I.N 
(uNNKiTlnN   WITH    I'kMiII.I  M   Kxi'iJltlMliNTS. 

T                                                     A  /'  nil  mi',111  timo, 

1><(!0.  Si'ptoiiibt'i' -Jl' Hi  1 1'' i-liroiiniiiiiiT  liiiii'        — .'ill"  (:;■.;!  J;  (IM) 

Isr.o.  Octulitr         1  11  "  ■■          —.'ill  ,'is.  t  i)M 

Isco.  Ocldljir        -J  11  '•  "  " — 4^  4i;.s  (1.7 

isco.  Octnlicr         11       II  "  "  i     — IS  Tit.'.)  (MJ 

1m;o.  (Ktulifi-      in  11  "  "  ;    — 4S  ,Mi.  1  I.l 

ISf.O.  Octoliir       17  10  "  "  1     — 4S  iiN.o  u.T 

Tlic  dironomotor  clinuifcd  its  rorrcctidn  iiliout  'J'". "J  lictwci'ii  !>  .\.^I.  iiml  ;!  1'.  M,, 
October  '2d;  retarded  or  stopped  in  coiiscMpieiice  of  a  liair  luniiii^  beediiir  cutan^li  d 
in  one  of  tlie  liands. 

Tlie  iittnal  rate  of  the  ])o{ket  elironoineter.  during;  tlir  ]ieii(biluin  e\periiiir;it>.  is 
found  liy  means  of  coinparisons  of  the  pocket  clirouonieter  wiili  three  mean  time 
flironometers  ;  comiiarisons  were  niaiU'  at  the  heginuing  and  end  of  ea(  h  chiily  >rl 
of  pembdnm  e.xprriments. 

Clirouonieter  com]>arisons  for  correction  and  rate  of  mean  time  (lironometers 
;2007,  lUO",',  and  740.    (Those  for  September  'J'Jd  liave  ah-eady  been  fi;iven.) 

Ocl..ljor  1,  18fi0. 

I»icki't  cliioiioirietor.     Mt^nn  time.  f'lirnnniiiftiTs.  a 7' at  Poit  Foiill;e. 

Jl''    'J.V  J4'.()      Id''    :!4"' J.'r.O      'JIIOT  :   ,'!"    HV"  —4''    'ir";)!'.! 

Hh;-J  :   :!     :>.■)  — I     4'.l     (14.1 


'Jii    fit.o     10    ;i."i    .'i.'i.c, 
-2S     ol.-2  I   lU     uT     0-2.S 


740  :  ;j     )>1        — 1     4'J     '■2'.-2 


Potki't  cliroiiometer.     Mean  time. 
II"    02'"  \:>\:',     1(1''    17"  'JS-.a 
2     4:!.  5  ;   10     l;{     fiC.T 
4     21.0  1   10     13     34.2 


Oi-t.ilioi-  -2,  ISCO. 
riii'onnmctiTs.  A  7' 

2007 ;  :!''  o.V"     —4''   'il'"  :it'.."i 
ioi;2:  :i    o:i      — I    4'.i    o;i ;; 

740  :   o     0.") 


I'ocljct  clironnmi'tor.     Mi'.in  timo 

lo''  :j',r  o2\o  I    '.I''  .'lO'"  07 

X)     41.! 
41     21.; 


wo     SCl.-:    (pf    Ciillllllll'hnll.^    WI'IV 

taki'ii,  ticnii'iliiiir  w  illiiii  a  I'nii'- 
4      t'J     2.").S  i     linn  (if  u  scriJiiil.     Tlic  viihiu 
jrivcu  \^  lln'  iMcaii. 
Oottilicr  0,  lsi;o. 
f'liroiionit'ters.  a  7" 

2007:  2'"  41'"  '  — I''  fiO'"  r.i'.O  Two  pct.s  of  comiiiivi.-Jons  were 
II  .'^lO  47.0  1002:  2  40  —4  4'.l  1:!.0  liikcii ;  tlirv  c|..  iiul  aillcr  \>y 
'J     :>2     27.0  i     740:   2     42        — t     4'.)     u;j.o        iiun-u  tluiii  U-.2. 


Octdlicr  10,  isco. 

I'drket  cliionomi.'tnr.     Moan  tiiiip.  Cliroiionictnrs.  A 7' 

lo''    .'■|2'-"  04MI      10''    (1.7"  l;r.!)  !   200":   2''    54'"  |  —4''  ,")0'"  4CM  Two  s.'ls  wrro  tiikrii  ;  u-fi'iilist 

;')2     42.2      10     (i:i     .■i2.l  10C2:   2     ."i:i  !  — 4  4'.l  117. '.1  ililVcrciicc   (r.4  ;    liiu   mcuii   i.s 

Uo     22.;')  .   10     04     U2.4  740  :   2     ri4  1  —4  4:i  27. (i  ,     la'iX'  giviii. 


October  17,  IsCO. 
ClirononiotiTs.  a  T 

10''    O.V"  2.7.0  I     (!'■    IC'"  24'.')      2007:   2''    7'"      — 4''    :")li'"  :!;": 


I'dcket  ohroiinmpter.     Mean  time, 

(|i. 


Moiin  oClwo  M't>:  viiliii's  i\n  no*. 


0(1     51.4!     !)     1"     u2.i)       10(;2:   2     7        — t     4'.l     07.1    '     (lillVrliviuop  thnn  11  IVaUioii  ul' 
or     32.1  i     "J     18     33.1)        740:   2     .'S        — 1     4'.i     2i;.4  I     a  .■•(■loii'il. 


OctolH'V  31,  18i;o.     A  7'  Pocket  cliroiioiiU'ti'r  — 
I'ockot  clirouonieter.     Meantime.  Cliionoinetera.  a  7' 

II''  2l'"^l0^oj  «''  3.V"  ;i4"..s    2007:  1''  2C'"  '  — 4''  .mi'"  2.V.2 

2.')  ;")3.(1  I  8  3C  3s,4  lor,-.';  1  2C  '  — (  I'.l  21. C 
2C  .'I'.l.O  1  S  37  23.8  710:  1  27  — 1  I'J  3C,2 
li         May,  1800. 


!'.!■"  1.V.2  ±  U'.7. 


m 


4'i 


I!  Kcoi!  I)  A  N  I)  i;  i;  sT'T/rs  ()  r 


If  we  foiiihini'  tlic  Viiliics  of  A7'  for  OctDltci  1  and  Octolxr  i,  viz:  — 4''  ol'"  m'.O, 
— C'  -1!)'"  (i;5-.s,  — 4''  4!»"'  'J(l~.."»  nsiirctivcly,  iilso  tlic  viilucs  for  Octulicr  <)  mid 
O.tnhcr   10,  vi/:  —!'■  :)()•"  I'- :>,  — I''  4!l"  1().."»,  —4''  4!)'"  :jO-.:]  ivsprctivcly,  ur 


(Icilutu  tlu.'  fulluwiiii,'  tahlc  (if  daily  rates: — 


!);iily  rule  nf  iiiraii  .iiiii'  ;liniiiiiiiir!('i> 

2nii7 


lii(i2  74a 

iSCd.     ScntciiibiT  J'J,    17'' I'liroiiiiiucici' lime  '       ,   ,,  ,. ,     I      ,  ,,,  ^.^  '       ,  „.  u,. 

'      ■     """""        -  I     +r,,.t4     i     — a.s)  ,     _a.  17 

j     -f  i.ss     '      +11.1:')  +a..'):J 

'     +(1.7 1     ;     — l.U'  — a.70 


Isiai.  Ocidljt'i'  I  a,  :! 
isiai.  Ofldlicr  17,  I  I 
l(<(;o.    Oi'iola'f      :il,  1:! 


I'KNnri.iM  i:.\r];i!i\ii:NTs  at  roirr  lori.KK. 

]'..i'plil  iiiltiiril  I'll/Id  I'/i'-i  dill/  Ui  iiii'tl  (if   ( )lixi  iTiitldii'i. 

'I'lic  iicniliilum  was  ><\viiiij^  at  tli."  Port  I'oiilkc  ()l)scr\at()vy  mi  the  saiuc  Iviiil'c 
cd^cs  as  at  C'aml)i'id,;,'(',  {\\v  ('xiicriinci'ts  cxtciidiiifj;  over  fom-tccu  days  between 
Septeiuher '^'litU  and  Oetolier  I'Jtli,  ISdO.  These  ol)ser\ati<)ns  were  made  hy  Mr. 
Angust  Sdiintafj:,  assisted  hy  Mr.  J  I.  Uadcliff.  Tlie  initial  letters  of  the  observer's 
name  are  attached  to  each  set  of  exiieriiiients,  'riie  followinjf  information  is  tal^eii 
from  noti'^'  mad(_'  by  Mr.  Sonntaj>\  "■  l''rom  a  preliminary  si-t  of  observations  on  tin; 
morninj,'  of  September  "JCith,  it  was  found  tliat  at  a  temperature  of  '2'i  V»\\.  the 
l)eii(luliim  made  \fry  nearly  'AmVi  \ibratioiis  in  otiOO  seconds  of  the  iiocket 
chronometer. 

The  lime  was  noted  when  the  swini^in;.;  knife-edge  passed  the  zero  of  the  gradu- 
ated arc.  The  penduhiin  being  at  rest,  this  zero  ajjpeared  ()^.().>  to  the  riglit  (in  an 
inverting  telcsc()i)e)  of  the  ])oint  of  the  knife-(>dge,  ])roducing  a  small  ditference  in 
the  intervals  wh(>n  thi^  ])enduliini  was  swinging  frcaii  left  to  right  and  when  swing- 
ing in  the  opposite  direction ;  the  mean  of  the  intervals,  howe\cr,  is  not  afl'ecteil 
thereby. 

The  observations  were  always  commenced  witli  a  set  marked  'Left,'  the  pendu- 
him  when  seen  througli  the  inverting  telescope  appearing  to  swing  from  left  to 
right;  immediately  after n  set  is  taken  with  the  pendulum  appearing  in  the  opposite 
direction  marked  '  llight.'  Each  set  consists  generally  of  eleven  observations  at 
intervals  of  ten  seconds,  <he  mean  is  gi\-en  at  tlie  bottom.  The  times  are  recorded 
by  means  of  tlii'  })ocket  clironometer.  Th(>  semi-arcs  are  recorded,  counted  from 
the  middle  eitlu'r  way.  The  azimuth  of  the  plane  of  vibration  was  nearly  N.  A\  . 
and  S.  E." 

The  following  description  of  the  Olist-rvatory  was  rec(>ived  from  Dr.  Hayes:  Th(< 
Port  Foulk(>  Observatory  was  a  small  frame  structure,  eight  feet  sf[nare,  by  seven 
feet  high  in  th"  c(>ntre,  the  roof  jiitching  only  one  way.  It  was  covered  on  the 
outside  with  canvas,  and  was  lined  intin'iially  with  l)ear,  seal,  and  other  skins.  To 
give  greater  warmtli  and  solidity  the  snow  was,  during  the  winter,  lianked  up 
around  it,  covering  it  almost  comi)]etely.  It  was  erected  on  the  first  of  a  series  of 
terraces  wh.ich  lay  northeast  from  the  anchorage,  and  its  foundation  was  thirty-eight 
feet  above  the  mean  tidid  lev(d.  The  rock  on  which  it  stood  was  ])rimitive  (a  dark 
reddisii-brovvn  syt'iiite),  which  rose  on  either  side  of  the  harbor  into  hills  from  six. 


I  i  1 


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to  r\'j;\\t  liiinilri  il  I'rcl  l.ii;li.      Il  I'iK  (  (1  tn  tlii'  >iiulli\\ t  >t.  il^  iivis  liiiiiu'  iii  ;irl\   in  llir 
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'I'lic  ii'IhIuIuiii  iqiiMiMtiis  wiin  (■r('(t(il  in  iIm'  nutunin,      'I'lic  luni  nl   tlic  Imx  (nn- 


tainin.ii  it  rested  upDii  tlie  solid   voik, 
corner,  t'aeini^-  N.  W,  (nniLT.). 


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33  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

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(716)872-4503 


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Tlic  following  tabic  contains  the  individual  irsults  of  tlio  obsorvod  numbrr  of 
vil)rations  in  .i  given  intcrx  al.  The  fir.st  column  indicates  left  or  riglit  vibrations, 
alternately;  tlic  second  gives  the  chronometer  intervals  derived  from  the  preceding 
ni(>ans  of  each  set  of  observations ;  the  third  contains  tlic  c(n'rection  for  rate  of 
chronometer  for  the  intervals ;  the  fourtli  the  intervals  correcti'd  for  rate  and 
expressed  ui  seconds  of  mean  time ;  the  fifth  the  corresponding  innnljer  of  vibra- 
tions. These  were  obtahied  by  working  out  for  each  of  the  1(5  sets  the  numlier  of 
vibrations  the  pendulum  gained  upon  the  seconds  of  the  chronometer  in  one  liour, 
thus  contining  our  attcnition  to  the  successive  means  of  the  preceding  record  iuid 
their  elapsed  times,  and  subtracting  the  fraction  of  seconds  of  each  from  th(^  ])reced- 
ing  mean  (r(>marking  whether  tlie  set^mds  are  odd  or  even)  we  find,  by  taking  the 
differences  of  .seconds  and  corresponding  elapsed  times  collectively,  the  nund)er  of 


I  i 


A  S  T  U  0  N  0  M  I  C  A  L   AND   U  K  0  I)  !■:  I"  I  C   O  1'.  S  K  U  \  A  'i'  IONS 


(i;} 


vihr-'tions  in  excess  of  a  rcvtain  rlironomctcr  iutcvval  cxim'sscd  in  .s(>(()ii(]>.     AVIumi 

ri'duci'd  to  till' /orri'spoiuliiig  value  for  one  hour,  \vc  liaxc — 

I'or  face  1  .     .     .().(>! 

"       :3  .     .     .  7.11 

4  .     .     .  (;.')-i 

2  .     .     .  ().7v} 

and  on  the  average  (5.75  vibrations  in  excess  of  tlie  nnmhev  lA'  scconiN 

in  an  hour.  It  appears  that  tlie  rate  of  the  clinmoinetcr  in  s(-ts  1,  :{.  7.  and  l-) 
differed  niost  from  this  mean,  the  1st  and  l.jth  falling  short  of  it,  and  tiie  other 
two  exceeding  it;  the  number  of  vibrations  for  these  sets  were  deduced  under 
the  supposition  that  the  motion  of  the  pendulum  was  nnn-e  regular  tlian  tliat  of  the 
pocket  chronometer.  TIk;  following  three  columns  contain  tlie  ctu'rections  for  arc, 
temperature,  and  atmospheric  pressure,  as  explained  above.  Tiie  last  coUnnu 
shows  the  number  of  vibrations  of  the  pendulum  in  a  me;in  solar  day. 


Chroiiomc'ter 
iuturviilrf. 


Cori'ii 
for  rate. 


Mi'iiii  time 
intervals. 


No.  of    Corn':']).  No. 
vib'us.  I   ill  ,1  (lay.    I 


CiirrtH'tinU:;  for 
are.      I      teiuji.      ritm.  jir. 


Set  1.     Fiico  1.     Scplon.bcr  2(),  18(10. 


51'" 

hi 

00 

h'.) 

.'>'.) 


;V.I'..3:} 
4  it.  10 
10.27 
44.01) 
42.:M 
4  2.17 


—  1 


—  I 


1(1 
.Id 
.20 
,20 
.20 
,20 


l;'!Iil.SM7 
l.!llll7.1ll 
144011.(17 
14:is2.,sl) 
Mlisj.l  1 
14;iso.ii7 


l:]044 
1  :!!i:i4 
144:i(; 
14410 
I  MOS 
Mios 


8cr>r,o.:]o 

Cl.ss 
01. 4S 
fd.xi 
r,l.:i(; 
02.. 'is 


+  ].()(; 

.110 
.00 
.S4 
.75 
.70 


—  11.02 


—.111 


80.5  111.7  It 
51.21 
5(1.75 
52.  (i5 
50.  IS 
51.45 


Moan 


,><(;550.i:5 


Sot  2.     FiK'o  1.     Soiitcmlicf  20. 


li) 
1!) 
10 
19 

IS 

18 


4.S.S0 

+ 

.47  ^ 

48.40 

+ 

.47 

30.42 

+ 

.47 

18.00 

+ 

.47  ; 

24.s:j 

+ 

.40  • 

10.00 

+ 

.47  1 

111180.2' 

12012 

111)88.S7 

12012 

111170.811 

1111114 

11  05;).  (17 

11 1182 

111105.21) 

11028 

118!J7.l:i 

11020 

805015.80 
OO.OS 

C(;.7o 

05.00 
04.  so 
00.08 


+ 


.70    — 
.72 
.07 
.01 

.5s 
.55 


—  11. SI 

—.0*2 

It 

41 

80 

552.70 
55.54 
55.57 
54.41 
5:i.52 
51.77 

Moan 


80554.4  2 


Sol  .'i.     I'aoo  1.     Soptcmbor  27. 


18 
17 
10 
10 
14 
1:5 


20.00 
5.S.08 
40.;!0 
45.02 
2:!.  18 
.'i7.43 


4      l:i     07.54 


4     12 


:5.:i4 


+ 

.00 

+ 

.00 

+ 

.08  ; 

+ 

.08  1 

+ 

.08  ' 

+ 

.08  1 

+ 

.08 

+ 

.08 

1 

15507.08 

15530 

15470.07 

15.J08 ; 

15400.44 

154;!8 

15405,10 

154.14  1 

1520:1.20 

15202 

15217.51 

15240  ' 

151s7.(;l) 

15210  ' 

15155.42 

15184 

80501.12 

+  1.10 

01.40 

1.08 

00.14 

.00 

02.0s 

.00 

02.08 

.74 

01.74 

.7(1 

01.42 

.07 

02.02 

.o:i 

— 1:!.70    — 


Ml 


—.(12 

„ 

80 

■)4s.  17 

4s,7:) 
47.20 
40.17 
40.01 
4s.(;:! 
4s.:>s 
40.74 

80 

5IS.7I 

.  *  li 


01 


It  E  c  o  11 1)  A  N  n  r.  i:  s  i:  r,  t  s  o  f 


^1^ 


) 


■■  i 


Clirmiiiini'lor 
intitrval.i. 


Corr'n 

fur  riitu. 


iMi'.'iii  tiiiii' 
iiitci'viils. 


No,  of    Cnrri's|i.  No. 
vib'n.s.  I    ill  tt,  Any, 


C'orrcctioTis  for 
nrc.      I     tuniii.      iitiii.  jir. 


Set  4.     Knco  3.     Su[>lt'iiil)iT  28. 


(Ill'" 

(I!) 

(ID 

(I'.l 

OS 

(18 

(I!) 

O'.t 


.'iSMM 
:ill.'.l2 

;i(i.n2 

Jilt.OO 
r.:!.0!l 

rid  117 

2(1.  s() 
12.82 


+  ".21 

+  .21 

+  .21 

+  .21 

+  .21 

+  .21 

+  .21 

+  .21 


1-11I71I' 
141177 
141171 
141I7;! 
I41l.'i:i 
141i:i7, 
1411(11 


l4iiri:i.(i;{ 


I'lOds 

l;"i(l(l(l 
l.'idUO 

ir)(i(i2 

1411(12 
MlKWl 

I  miMi 

141182 


8(;.")(i(;.4(i 

(1(1.  .">2 

lifi.dd 

(l.'>.(12  I 

(1(1.(11  I 

0(1.(18 

(17.(i(» 

(17.4(1 


+  .(IS  '  — 1 
.(1(1 
.(14  ' 
.CI  i 
.5(1 

.5a 

.50 
.4 'J 


.(1(1 


—.10 


8(1555.. 12 
5.5,42 
55.48 
64.47 
54.84 
55.45 
5(1., -U 
5(1.1:! 


Moan 


8(j555,4a 


Sul 


Face  a.     Si'iitciiilii'i'  21). 


L. 

4 

05 

!i5.07 

It. 

4 

05 

.52. 88 

1,. 

4 

05 

5s.7(i 

11. 

05 

52. 1(5 

1,. 

05 

:!4.s(l 

It. 

■  i5 

Is.  US 

I,. 

05 

(15.(10 

11. 

05 

oii.ii;; 

.70 
.70 
.70 
.70 

.70 
.(111 
.(111 
.(IK 


147^4. .17 
14752.18 
14758.0(1 
I475:>.i>5 
Il7:i4.l(l 
I471S.21I 
1  17(11. .■!! 
14  702.21 


1 


14702 
14780 
147S('. 
147S(I 
1 47(12 
1474(1 
1I7.;2 
147:!(l 


8(;5(12.20 
(12.112 
(i:i.5(l 
(12.52 
(i:i.24 
(12.(14 
(12.7(1 
(i:i.l2 


+    .'Hi 
.11.'! 

—15.04 

—.05 

80547.47 
4S.  1(1 

.ss 

11 

4S.75 

.84 

" 

47.117 

.78 

" 

ts.a:; 

.74 

a 

47.(111 

.70 

" 

47.7  1 

1        ■'■"•' 

ii 

IS.  (Ill 

Mi'iiii 


80547.  IIS 


Sc'l  II. 


I'ilc 


Och.lMT  -I. 


I.. 

1    (la 

n.52 

II. 
1,. 

4    oa 
4    oa 

2i.:i5 

20.44 

11. 

4    oa 

Is.o.s 

Tili;5  set  is  lint  uscil,  owiliir 

r,. 

4     02 

02.  ai 

til  11  (Iclrrl  ill  tlic  jiidii'ii- 

It. 

I.. 

4     01 
4     01 

24.44 
(IS  42 

tiuiis  uf  tliu  I'linjuoliicU'i'. 

It. 

!      01 

01. ao 

Scl 


Fnc( 


Octdljcl-  2. 


I.. 

21 

20.  aa 

+ 

.22 

15080.55 

15710  '  80502. -."I 

+    .sa     —11.4  4 

+  .01 

It. 

4 

21 

ao.22 

+ 

.22 

150110.44 

15720           0-J.70 

.711 

21 

aii.iia 

+ 

.22 

15700.15 

157.aO           04.2(1 

.74 : 

It. 

21 

as.(i2 

+ 

.22 

15(llis.:i4 

15728         oa.so 

.70 

1,. 

21 

22.21 

+ 

.22 

15082.4  a 

15712           02.112 

.05 

It. 

21 

50.  ?1 

4- 

.22 

i57io.aa 

15740          oa.  10 

.02  i 

r,. 

o.) 

00.17 

+ 

.22 

15720.ai) 

15750           02.08 

.01 

K. 

22 

12.08 

f 

.22 

i57a2.ao 

15702         oa.io 

.00 

^Mcnii 


8055 1 . 0(1 
52.12 

5a.  57 
5:i.(i7 
52. 1 4 
52.211 
5].s(i 
5i'.i>7 


SOi 


■^ 


A  ST  I!  ON  (»  M  I  (A  I,    A  N  !>    (iKOIMiTir    ( >  I!  S  i;  K  \   A  I' I  ( »  N 


("..■) 


( 

'tii'uiiunifter 

Curr'ii 

Mraii  tiiim 

Nil.  i.f 

CtHTc^li.  Nn 

(■..rlriMinll...  Icr                             s-              1 

UitervMls. 

for  rate. 

iiitiTvald. 

VOi'll.i. 

1    in  u  ilay. 

uv.             liMii..      atiu.  [.r. 

5(1'.  !I5 

Set  8. 

Face  ■! 

.        OctdlHT 

3. 

r,. 

•.i" 

;-)T» 

+    -.21 

14277M1I 

1 
14301 

S(15(;2,2I 

I,(i7     — i:i,;i2        ,00    s(;5ti). :;'.(  | 

11. 

.T 

r)7 

51.(1". 

+   .24 

14274. SO 

14302 

('.1,10 

1,03           ■•       1       ■• 

51,21 

li. 

a 

57 

5I.S7 

+   .--i* 

14275.11 

14. '102 

(12,7(1 

,i(i;          ■■      1 

4 11,  so 

11. 

a 

f)T 

51. 73 

+    -iiJ 

14274,07 

11302 

(Hi,  (10  , 

,02 

50,  CO 

L. 

8 

5(1 

411.(1(1 

+    .21 

142(llt,;!0 

1  123(1 

(12,34 

.SO  t         ••       j       .. 

111,22 

n. 

3 

5(1 

43.(13 

+    .21 

11203,27 

1  1230 

(■.2,(10 

.77            " 

1 11. 1 .1 

t.. 

3 

5(1 

44.!I8 

+   .-'4 

1  12(15.22 

14  232 

02,  ss 

.71         "           ••    1       r.^7i> 

K. 

3 

57 

12..'SI 

+   .24 

11 233.  OS 

142(10 

(■.3.12 

.7,   ,         ■•       j       ..     ,         .-,0.21 
.Mr;ni                           ,      ,  S(i:i  111.11.', 

Flier   1. 

yet  1). 

Ocliiljcr  4 

L. 

:•.) 

41.14 

—  .11(1 

1(1 4  S3.  IS 

1(1511 

8(1501.51      + 

,7s    — 11,0s     -f,(i(;    s(l,"i.-iO,so 

It. 

;!1 

51.71 

—  .11(1 

1  CI  11(1.75 

1(1522 

03,72 

.71 

52,111  1 

I,. 

;ii 

51.112 

—  ,1111 

1(14110.11(1 

1(1522 

(12,(10 

,71            ••              '■     •        51,711 

R. 

:!i 

51.(12 

—  .1111 

1(14113,0(1 

1(1".  21 

(12,0(1 

,(I'^            ■■              "     1         51,22 

L. 

;i.') 

45,(111 

—  .11(1 

1(1544.73 

1(157(1 

(■.3.2S 

,(I.'i            "        ;        •■              52,. ■!1) 

It. 

:;5 

47.70 

—  .11(1 

I(;.".4(l,7t 

1(;57S 

(13,22 

.(10            "        '        "              52,30 

I,. 

.'!.") 

l.i.sl 

—  .0(1 

1(;542.SS 

1(1571 

(■.2.52 

,57            "       ^       "     !        51.57 

11. 

.'!5 

4.!.s2 

—  .11(1 

i(;..i2,s(i 

i(;57i 

(■.2,(;2 

,.55            " 
.Mi'iiii 

"     i        51.(15 

1 

1  8(!551.s:i 

1 

Si't  10. 

Fiice  2 

.      Octiibil'  5. 

I.. 

I 

47 

40.01) 

+  .14 

172(10.23 

17202 

8(1551).()2 

+ 

.8!)     —10.10 

+  .05 

8(10411,5(1 

11. 

4 

47 

47.113 

+   .14 

172(1S  (17 

17300 

50,S(l 

,.s.-,  j 

" 

5(i,:;(l 

L. 

4 

47 

311.1)0 

+   .14 

172(1((.13 

17202 

511,52 

.70  : 

" 

411,11(1 

It. 

4 

47 

311.05 

+   .14 

172(10.01) 

17202 

511,72 

.7(1 

5(1,13 

L. 

4 

4G 

5(1.17 

+   .14 

1721(1.31 

1724S 

511,02 

,01) 

.' 

411,3(1 

It. 

4 

47 

O.S.I  7 

+   .14 

1722S,:il 

17200 

5s.;)..) 

,(1(1  , 

•' 

40,23 

!.. 

1 

47 

0(1.10 

+   .14 

1722(1.33 

1725S 

5s,sl 

,(13 

•' 

40.12 

It. 

4 

47 

12.05 

+   .14 

17232.10 

17204 

511. 4. S 

.01  1         " 

" 

411,74 

.Menu     , 

8(1.")  4 11,  OS 

4 

8c-l  11. 

Fiico  2 

.       OctolR'l-  fi. 

•Jd 

"4.(15 

—  .04 

1(1004.(11 

1(;031 

8fi55s,(l(l 

+ 

1 
.77     _ll,s!l  !  _,()! 

S(l517,5:i 

It. 

4 

M 

42.44 

—  .04 

1(;()02.l() 

1(;()32 

51),  SO 

,73 

4s,c:! 

I.. 

4 

•2i> 

a.s.do 

—  .04 

15!His.(;r) 

1  (102S 

5s..(s 

CO             "               " 

47.i:7 

R, 

4 

2(1 

30.53 

_  .04 

1501)0. 40 

1  (;o20 

50,4(1 

.(15             •' 

4S.21 

L. 

4 

24 

18.(12 

—  .04 

15S.")S,;")S 

15SSS 

(10, 2S 

.57             " 

4-.:,  115 

H. 

4 

■n 

20.45 

—  .04 

15-^110,41 

15S1)0 

(11.1(1 

,55             ■' 

4 11.  si 

L. 

4 

•_':! 

54.(13 

—  .04 

15-<:ll.50 

15S(14 

no.4S 

,53             ' 

411.11 

R. 

4 

•21 

02.(14 

—  .04 

15S  12,(10 

15S72 

00.30 

.50 

4s,!l)! 

.\Ir;ui                               .1   SC„"ilS..-,(; 

M.iy,  1805, 


^! 


hUi 


1  \i 


f;i; 


i;  Kcoit  I)  A  N  i)  i;  Kfi  r  r/rs  of 


CliiiiiimiU'lcr           Ciin'n 

.Mc.'iii  liihi' 

Ni..  (.f 

('(irris|i.  .No.                (( 

•tri't-tioiiH  i<ir 

iiitcrviil.s.             Iiir  rale 

iiiUMvalii. 

Viil'll.^i. 

ill  Ik  ila^'.    j      nrr. 

tuiini.      aim.  pr. 

.Sfl  12. 

Imut  2 

.      UcIuIk!!'  S. 

1,. 

C"  n.s-"  1 V.  \r, 

+  -.:n 

1  is'.ir.s2 

I  l',i22 

)»(;."(.")7.(lll     +1.(MI 

—  I(l.(;7 

+  .0S 

11. 

■1    (iM    '.'o.:):> 

+  .;i7 

H'.KMI.C.'.t 

1-I!I2H 

i"iS.:)l             .11') 

" 

1,. 

•1    (IS    i->.-2:> 

+  .;i7 

1  1S!I2.(;2 

Il'.i2(i 

r.S.sl            .ill 

H. 

4   (17    •.i^.'.n 

+  .;f7 

14.sr.s.74 

1  issd 

aS.TiO            .H(i 

L. 

1    (1-    i(i.;i,s 

+  .:!- 

ns:{(l.7;") 

ll.sr.S 

r.s.Td        .Hi 

II. 

t     (17      It. 12 

+  .:i7 

1  ls;i|.70 

lis(;2 

;'>S,-)S           ."S 

1.. 

1    (111    r>t.r):t 

4-  .••17 

\\s\  i.im 

1|N|2 

r;s.(i2        .7ri 

it 

H. 

1     (1(1      Il'.(15 

+  .;i7 

1  lMi:i.((2 

I  r<;;ii 

.•.7.  IS          .71 

" 

N. 


scnjs.n; 
4S.7() 

4'.i.li; 

■1S.77 
4H.',IS 
4M.(17 
4S.1S 
!V.(;(I 


.Menu 


8r,.'j48.r)2 


Scl  l;i.      Kiicc 


()c;nl)i;r  (I. 


4      12     2:!.Sil  !   +   .l.'J 


4      h 


12 
12 
II 
12 
12 
12 


21.s;i 
21.S2 
2.">.i'.T 
r)7.s'.l 
U."..'.i7 
(II. Ill 
(I."i.'.i2 


+ 

4- 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 


.1.! 

.1;! 

l;! 

.1:! 

.r; 

.  l:i 
.1:; 


ir)i44.n2  ;  if.W'i  I  a(;r)r><).fi2  I  +  .oi  |  — lo.yri 


1  Til  42. 112 
15  111.  .I;-) 
1:"14.').SII 

l.'il  Is. (12 

i.'.i2(;.  Id 

15122.(11 
1512(i.(lj 


1517(1 
151711 
1 5 1  7  I 
151  li; 
1 5  1 5  1 
1515(1 
15151 


5'.i.(;(i . 

CO.  (IS  i 

(id.sil  I 
5'.i  '.12 

5ii.:!(; 

5!l.7li 
511.  CC. 


.SC. 
.s:j 
.7(! 
.7(1 
.07 
.(i:i 
.Cd 


Mi'iin 


11 

i 

i 

i 
i 

m 

550.211 
f)0.2s 
50.  Cm 

51.. 'IS 

5d.:;s 
4'.i.7'.i 
5(1. 15 
5(1.(12 

.;» 

550.:i7 

Set  14.     Fiice  4.     OcIoIkt  10. 


1,. 

1        Id 

M.:!!l 

+ 

.21 

1501  l.fiO 

15042 

S(;557.(iS 

+    .(W. 

—  12.52 

+  .11 

8(1515.11(1 

11. 

1       10 

l(i.:!2 

+ 

.21 

1501  ('..5:i 

1504  4 

5s. dl 

.(•.5 

4(i.:!l 

L. 

1    Id 

Ki.l:! 

+ 

21 

i5oi(;.;!4 

1504  1 

511.14 

.(12 

47.. 'IS 

1! 

1    Id 

lO.K! 

-f 

.)  I 

I5di().;u 

I5(i;is 

511.22 

.110 

47.44 

1,. 

1     d',1 

44.14 

+ 

o| 

I4its4.;i5 

15012 

511.4  4 

..'■)5 

it 

4  7  (11 

11. 

1      O'.l 

4S.I7 

+ 

.21 

ll'.ISS.IiH 

1501  C 

511.22 

.52 

4  7.  oil 

1,. 

1     07 

50.;!7 

+ 

.20 

14'<70.57 

I4s!is 

511. :!S 

.45 

47.45 

It. 

1 

1     07 

.•iO.57 

+ 

.20 

14^50.77 

i4s7« 

5S.44 

.4;j 

4(1.411 

Miaii 


8(1517.00 


Sot  15.      Face  4.     Ocldlicr  II. 


1,. 

1    oil 

47.75 

.25 

14!)S7.50 

15010  ;  S(15(ll.:!0 

+ 

.S2L 

.n.42 

-1  .02 

8(1550.72 

11. 

I    oil 

4:1.7:! 



.25 

l41i.s:j.4S 

15012!         (14.4(1 

.7S 

" 

50.  S4 

1,. 

4     oil 

17.:!2 



.25 

141IS7.(I7 

1501(1            (1(1. 7s 

.71 

" 

5:!.  12 

II. 

4     (111 

4  7.5(1 



.25 

I41IS7.:!1 

|5dl(l            (15.10 

.(IS 

" 

51.  (IS 

1.. 

I      OS 

15.(111 



.25 

14S1I5.44 

141121           (15.(14 

.(12 

•' 

5I.SI1 

11. 

4     OS 

l:;.r,:! 



.25 

lisii:!.:!s 

1  HI22           (1(1.02 

.511 

" 

52.21 

1,. 

4     07 

55.(17 



.25 

I4S75.42 

141101  '•        (15.118 

.57  1 

" 

52.15 

11. 

1     07 

5:!.5S 

— 

.25 

I4s7:j.:!:i 

1 4 1102           (1(1.52 

1 

.;>;>  1 

>i 

52.(17 

Mciin 

8(1551.01 

■M 


1 


A  s'l' i:<)  NO  M  I  (•  A  I,  A  N  i»  (i  i;()  i»  i:i  I  ('  (»i; >i; 


I  o  N  s 


(<'i 


Cliriiiii 

IllillT 

Ciiir'ii 

.Ml'Hll  lillli' 

N r 

('onv-|i.  Nci. 

I'lini'.  i 

iiHi-;  ftir 

illllTVills. 

for  rati'. 

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Wf  tlirvcfnrc  liiivc  tlic  i'lillowin^i-  rrsiiltiiii;  iiimilii'r  <A'  xilinitimi'i  iicrlnriiicd  iit 
I'lirt  Fdiilkc  ill  11  iiu^iin  solar  diiy,  tlic  triiiiicvatiirc  of  tlic  pi'inliiliiiii  licini,'  al  ■M)'^ 
l''nh.,  iiiul  the  !itiii()sj)lici-ic  prcssiiri'  v'D.s  iiiclirs  (with  tlic  imriiiry  at  tlic  tciii|icra- 
turc  of  tr(>c/,iiii^  water). 


First  pn.silioii  i\(  |>i>ii'1iilinii. 
I''iiii'  4  Swiii}.'iiiL',    Si;."i."ill.  1  7 
I''iici'  2        "  s(;r)4'.t.2s 


.\ri.r  iin-iT-J'il  I'li'l  for  I'll'!. 
I'iiiT  1  swiii^-jiiui    sC.'i.'pI.sI 
I'. AC  :i  swinuiiifr,  si;;').'il.ls 

;\Icun,  Sl'i,")4'.i.72  .Menu,  s(;.-,r)l.,-,ii 

Mean  (iT  two  iiiisititiii.s    ......  si;.'i.">ii.r.  1 

('(invc'licili  for  41)  feel  clrvMliiiii  nlpiiVf  IimII'  liiji'  +  ".  1  I 

Kcsulliii.ir  luiiiilii'r  (if  vilimlidii.-*  lU  tin'  li'Vcl  uf  iIk'  >r:i  in  iIm' 

laliliidc  of  Purl  Foiilku si;."i.iii  72 

'I'lic  Port  l'"(i;ill;i'  Oliscrviilnry  i-  in  I;iiiiiiili'  7'^'  17'  :i'.i 

.\t  Caiiiliridifc  wc  liavc  an  excess  of  'J. (IS  \  iliratiniis  in  a  day  in  the  >ceond  | io-.it  inn 
when  (■nnipared  with  the  first ;  at  I'ort  I'oiilkc  this  cxcos  is  1.7S  viliratioii,  IVoiii 
which  nuinhers  we  infer  that  the  peiiduliiin  has  undcri^'oiie  no  (■hiiiif^e. 

Fiuiilly  we  have  from  tiie  relation  of  </  :  j/,  ^-  N"  :  A'"  force  of  gravity  at  C'ani- 
lirid,!,'e  to  force  of  ij;ravity  at  I'ort  Fonlke  as  (S(; tl!).(W)-  to  (S(;.").")(l.7-,>)-;  iiowever. 
if  we  reject  the  nniiilier  of  vilirations  at  ('anihridLie.  face  t  swiiiLrini,'.  as  too  sniall. 
since  at  I'ort  Fonlke  the  niiiiiliir  for  \\iU  position  is  (piite  accordant  with  the  niiiii- 


li! 


li 


ill' 


ns 


mcror.  i>  a  n  p  i;  i:sr  i.ts  o  f 


])('rs  of  the  n'niiiiiiin<;  positions,  we  Imvc  to  cniiiliiiic  t)ir  iiiriin  of  I'lCfs  1  iniil  -u  or 
N(U','().7<:  witli  liicc  '?,  or  Sd  l-Jl.OS,  we  find  Sd  »•.'(>.!)•,',  iinii  iiddiiij,'  tlic  correction  fur 
fk'vation  wo  liuvc  tlio  proportio'i  //  :  .'/,     (S()J",'1.14)-  .  (NG.juO.7"^)-, 

Brarbiij  of  PirrnJltn/  P:  iiihihnn  Krj)/  rhiiniffi  on  t?ii'  V(i!iw  for  /he  F<ir/h\^  Cmii- 
'/>rtiix!(»i. — If  tlicrc  was  no  local  disfnrliancc  in  tlic  force  of  fjravity  nrisin;,'  from 
irregular  distribution  and  various  densities  of  masses  in  the  vicinity  of  the  station. 
the  observed  number  of  vibrations  at  any  two  stations  remote  in  latitude  would 
suffice  to  deduce  the  earth's  conijiression,  and  in  jir()|)orfi()U  as  we  increase  the 
nuxid)er  of  i)endulnni  stations  the  deduced  value  for  the  eompressinn  will  gain  in 
n'liability,  it  being  improbable  that  tlu^  local  disturbances  should  all  tend  the  same 
way.  From  two  stations  only  we  can  obtain  but  a  first  aitproxiiuation,  thus  from 
our  ol)servations 

let  A',  ^^  observed  number  of  viliratious  in  a  mean  solar  day  in  latitude  (/), 

iV   =  number  of  vibrations  in  the  same  iut<'r\al  at  the  (Mjuator 
n     — -;  a  finiction  ot  the  c-arth's  ellipticity 
then  the  relation  X„- =  N'-  (1  +  n  kIii  -</),,)  furnishes  the  two  e(inations 

(S()i'2i.u)-  =  .v-  (1  +ti  s!,r-  -\'2^  '2->'  ry\".r>) 

(S().);j().7-2)'-=iV-(l  4->/^;/(- 7H    17    :$!»      ) 
and  solving  these,  we  find  for  the  If)ii/(N  pendulum  X     S();5(H,'J(I  and  n  -  (t. ()(».■)!)(!."). 
W'e  have  further  by  Clairaut's  theorem 

11=:-^        — r         wiience  c  tienee  c  - 

2x28!)  f>  :572 

a  value  very  much  smaller  than  that  arising  from  the  assemblag(>  of  the  best  ])endu- 
luni  results  (.tJ-,  IJaily  in  Vol.  ^'II,  Mem.  lloy.  Ast.  Soc),  but  if  combined  with 
them  would  tend  to  diminish  the  value  of  c,  and  bring  it  nearer  to  that  found  from 
the  geodetic  measuns  („,',,,  lit.  Col.  Jam(!s.  .\ccount  of  the  Ordnance  Trigonome- 
trical Survc^y  of  Gnnit  Hritain  and*  Ireland,  London,  lS;jS).  N'alres  as  small  as 
that  found  above  liav(\  however,  been  ol)ser\ed  before,  see  "an  account  of  exjieri- 
ments  for  determining  the  variation  in  the  length  of  the  sc^eonds  penduluai  at  the 
principal  stations  of  the  trigcmonu'trical  siu'vey  of  (ireat  IJritain.  By  Cap.  II. 
Kater."  Phil.  Trans.  Roy.  Soc.,  iNl!),  Tart  :},  p.  42:?;  also  •'  Kigure  of  tlw  Earth," 
by  (J.  15.  Airy,  .\st.  lloy.,  Eucyclopa'dia  Metropolitana.  1S:5(),  p.  >'-M).  According  to 
I',aily's  formula  1'=  (74  n(i2r)Tll  -|- :)S2S('):}:5r)  .v///-  A)' we  .sliouhl  have  nearly  II 'J 
vibrations  more  at  I'ort  Toulke  than  at  ('.'unbridge.  whereas  by  din-ct  ol)servatioii 
we  have  1:51  nearly.' 

Respecting  the  hori/ontality  of  the  su])porting  plates  of  tiie  Mayes'  pendulum. 
the  record  at  either  statitm  makes  no  mention,  but  as  a  deviation  can  easily  be 
detected.  1   do   not   ai)i)rehend  auv  source   of  error   on  this   accoinit.     A   siiecial 


spec; 


'  Till'  iiinxiinniii  iiicrciisc  in  tlio  nuiiiliri'  ul'  vilimlinns  ( in  n  iImv)  nf  llic  srcdiiil-.  ]ii'ii(]iilinii  is  nlmiil 
liiili'  iIk!  niniilHT  of  scciimls  in  tiio  niiixiiiiiini  ijcllrc-iinn  ul'  liir  iplinnlilinc  (('ii;it.  <'l;irlvi'  in  Lt.  CdI. 
J  allies'  Orciiiiiijci'  Siirvi  y,  jip.  i")llO  and  yM). 


«M 


A  sTiioNo  M  ic  Ai,  A  \  i»  (i  i: (» i»  i:  I' I  ('  (h; 


i;  V  A  'I'  I  O  N 


(ii> 


cxaiiiiiiiitidu  wii'^  niiidi'  of  tlic  pcriiriidiculiirity  nf  llic  l\iiil"i-(il;,f(-;  to  llic  lniii,'itiiiliii;il 
axis  of  till'  iicndiiliiiii,  also  of  tluir  plane  uliicli  >lioiilil  |ia>s  tlu'oMi;li  tlic  >:iinr  ii\i> 
— the  ti'st  was  found  satisfactory.  On  tliis  part  of  tlic  tlicory  of  tlic  pliv-ii  al  jm  ii- 
diiluin,  the  iiapcr  '"On  tlic  I'cudiiliiiii,"  hy  J.  W.  Luliliock,  I'liil.  Iraiis.  l{o\.  Sue., 
l!s;j(),  Part  1,  \>.  ','01,  may  he  cousiilted.  There  is  reason  to  siiiiposc  that  the  Mqi- 
])()rt  of  the  jieiululuni  case  at  the  stations  was  sulficiently  inassi\e  to  i,'uard  au'ain^t 
iiKhiccd  vihratiuns.     A  liii"  mark  on  the  supporting'  ])late  s^'ciiis  to  have  liecn  iiM'd 


to  secure  an  iileiifical  contact  with  the  kiiife-cd''es ;  then 


are 


aNo  two  ;,'uidiii;,'  pin> 


to  indicate  the  central  position  of  the  har  between  the  plates.     The  plates  show  no 
wear,  iuul  the  kuife-ed;,'es  ajipcar  in  perfect  condition, 

It  is  very  desirable  that  the  Hayes'  penduluin  be  swunu'  at  a  nuniln  r  of  otlnr 
.stations'  for  the  jiurjiose  of  combining;  the  results,  and  if  jiosi-ilile  to  (unia ct  them 
witli  the  accumulated  series  <,dven  by  Uaily.  Tlie  connection  could  be  made  by 
swinj,'inf,'  the  pendulum  at  Captain  Sabine's  station  ot  lS'J'J-i.>;{  in  New  York  City 
((U'  as  near  to  it  as  possible,  since  thi'  old  site  of  the  Coluinliia  Colleyi'  is  now 
inaccessible  to  such  operations.  I,ocalities  like  ^\'ash.  on,  I).  ('..  and  Key  \\'e>t. 
J'"l(n"ida,  would  be  well  suited  for  new  observations,  and  if  combined  with  any  made 
at  Xew  York  would  furnish  a  valuable  contribution  to  fiur  jiresent  kiii)\\led;,'e  of 
the  earth's  compression  as  resulting'  from  experiments  of  vibrations. 


"y 


'  As  |)i'Miliiliim  iil).-ci'Viiliiiii>  liiivi'  11  ilii'ci'l  lii'iii'iiiL?  ii)M]n  tin'  lnr^iT  fri'mli'lic  nin'riitiuii-  fur  nscn-- 
t;iiiiinii'  llic  ciii'lli's  li,i;Mirc'.  iiiiil  have'  rucciilly  iiLiiiiii  liccii  runsidi'i'iMl  Ini'  irili'ii(liiciii)ii  in  tlic  l!ii.->iiiii 
mill  liiiliiin  ai'i's,  I  li;ivr  liikrii  iicnisiipii  Id  Ipriii'.'  tin'  ilr^a'iiliility  nf  swiniriiiL'  llii'  |m'II(IiiIiiiii  lit  .-nine 
!<taticiii.s  lit' tin.'  riiilril  Siuti's  (.'oust  Sui'vcy,  to  tlic  liiv/i'aljlr  fuiisiiliTutiuii  ul'  llic  Su|n.'i'iiili'iiili'iit 


:■■*»#■' 


'x^ 


\ 


:•.. 


)i 


/ 


■I 


y/ 


/       I'      .7      ./       .V 


//       ,Z        /        /(■       ,v 


\w 


^. 


Jfl 


n 

! 

1 

|1   : 

k 

I 

t'  ■ 

K 

■n 


I 


PART     II. 


MA(jlNETlC     UBSEKVATlOiNS. 


(  '»  ) 


i 

1 

"V^WW 


I 


I  <^-w: 


RE(c)iu)  AM)  iii:sn;rs 


M  A  (i  N  E  T  I  ('    0  W  S  !•:  1(  V  A  T  I  0  !>  S , 


Iittiiiil III  lorn  U<m<irkn. — Tlio  jnvsfMit,  second  part,  of  tlio  rcronls  ami  results  of 
the  Aretie  Expedition  of  l.sGC  and  1N(11,  coiiiinauded  by  \h.  Hayes,  will  rontaiu 
the  nia^'uctic  observations  and  their  discussion. 

These  ol)servations  will  he  given  inider  the  heads  '■'differential  observations"  and 
"  absolute  determinations.  The  former  comprise  a  series  of  hourly  readings  of  the 
declinometer  on  15  days  between  Novend)er,  IStiO,  and  March,  iNdl,  at  Port 
Toulke,  the  whiter  quarters  of  th(?  exjjediticm ;  also  three  daily  readings,  for  the 
same  ])eriod,  at  stated  hours.  The  latter  class  of  observations  includes  nuuiy  deter- 
minations of  the  declination,  the  dip,  and  the  intensity  of  terrestrial  magnetism  at 
stations  in  the  north  of  ( jreenland,  on  Smith  Strait,  and  northward  on  Smith  Sound. 
The  declinations  were  chiefly  determined  by  means  of  solar  bearings,  but  there  are 
also  a  few  determinations  with  the  declinometer. 

The  magnetometer  (or  declinometer)  and  dip  circle,  and  a  Smalkald(>r  azinmth 
compass,  used  by  the  expedition,  were  furnished  by  the  liberality  of  I'rof.  A.  J), 
liachc,  Superintendent  Uuited  States  Coast  Survey.  ljesid(>s  these  instruments, 
the  expe<litiou  was  provided  with  two  small  compasses  and  other  ordinary  ones ; 
one  small  azimuth  compass  was  loaned  by  the  IJureau  of  Topogra|)hical  Engineers. 

Description  *>f  /witniim  iits. — The  magnetometer,  made  by  AV.  II,  Jones,  of  Eon- 
don,  has  an  azimuth  circle  of  six  indies  diameter,  and  can  l»e  read  to  '20"  by  means 
of  the  verniers.  The  magnet  is  suspended  in  a  box  over  the  centre  of  the  circle, 
the  suspension  tube  is  eight  inches  long.  Two  magnets,  each  three  inches  long 
and  0.3  inch  in  diameter,  with  mirror  attached,  are  provided,  also  a  coUimater 
magnet  3j  inches  long,  and  but  O.O  inch  of  outer  diameter.  Ordinarily  the  '\\or\ 
scale  above  the  eye  end  of  the  telescope  is  used  for  reading  the  deflections  when 
mirror  magnets  are  suspended,  for  the  determination  of  absolute  declinations  an 
extra  telescope  can  be  fast(>ned  to  tlie  projecting  arm  of  the  ali<lade,  the  collimater 
magn(!t  is  then  suspende<l,  the  glass  scale  of  wliicli  is  illiiininated  l)y  a  small  reflector. 
An  inertia  ring,  thermometer,  and  other  necessaries  are  also  provided.  The  diji 
circle  was  made  by  I'atton,  of  AN'ashington,  new  needles  have  been  supplied  by  Mr. 
AViirdemann,  they  are  about  S  inches  in  length.  Then"  an-  also  two  magnets  for 
the  reversals  of  (he  poles.     A  three  Ii'gged  stand  accompanied  these  instruments. 

J  It       June,  ISb.'i.  ("<•') 


YfTT^ 


\  \\ 


l«  H 


i\ 


\  \ 


\ 


l\  K  CORD   A  X  I)   It  !■;  SUITS   O  V 


Vox  tlic  iiistrumontiil  constants,  sec  «l('t('nninatioiis  I'lirthcr  on.  ^^'iu'»l(  inium's 
l)risniiitic  azimuth  coniijass  reads  from  south  througli  cast  to  3()()° ;  thi'  t)tlici-  small 
compass  reads  from  north  to  west. 

The  maj,'netic  ol)servati()ns  were  connncnccd  liy  ^Nlr.  A.  Sonutaj,';  after  his  death, 
in  J)ecemher,  1S()(),  tliu  caro  of  the  majijnetic  determinations  devolved  upon  Mr. 
11.  (i.  llathliff,  wno  was  assisted  l)y  Messrs.  C  C'.  Starr  and  Ci.  !•'.  Kiiorr,  and  also 
hy  tlie  commander  of  tlie  expedition. 

Tlu!  instrumental  const, .nts  necessary  for  de(hicin<j:  the  resuhs  for  horizontal  force 
and  for  scale  value  of  the  differential  ohservations  were  made  hy  me  in  "\\'a.slungton 
in  June,  iKti'i. 

The  f^eoij;raphical  ])ositions  and  chronometer  corrections  re(r,iire<l  in  the  discussion 
will  he  taken  from  the  jjrccedi'if;  astronomical  ])aper  (Part  I  (tf  the  scientilic  con- 
tributions by  the  expedition)  without  furthe.'  special  reference. 

PIFFERKNTIAL  OBSERVATIOyS  AT  I'ORT  FOrLKK. 

Those  ohservations  wore  made  at  the  ohservrtory  (of  which  a  general  description 
has  already  been  f^iven) ;  Dr.  Hayes  wrot(>  to  lie  the  following  note  resjjectiiii^  the 
mounting  of  the  instrument.  "Tlie  magneto. iieter  was  mounted  in  (he  ceiifre  of 
the  room  upon  a  stand  mad(>  of  two  kegs  whose  lieads  being  removed,  and  tht;  ends 
carefully  fitted  together,  were  filled  with  hcMis  and  water.  These  were  of  course 
soon  froz(>ii  into  a  solid  mass,  and  ihv  lower  keg  being  placed  upon  the  solid  rock 
through  a  hoh;  cut  in  the  floor,  the  sr.piiort  for  the  instrument  was  as  firm  as  pos- 
sible.    Xo  stove  or  other  artificial  nn  ans  of  warmth  was  at  any  time  used." 

tHiirridl  Tit riuf  10)1  of  the  Maijir  fie  Di<l'nat'u,n. — For  the  purpose  of  imcstigatiiig 
the  diurnal  march  of  the  horizontal  iici-dle,  liourly  observations  were  recorded  on 
15  days,  at  Tort  Foulke,  hctwtHMi  November  ^Hi,  18G(),  and  March  4,  l.s(il.  As 
the  diurnal  excursions  of  the  magnet  iVe(pi(>iitly  exceed  the  range  of  the  scale 
fastened  to  the  telescope,  the  horizontal  .'ircle  had  to  be  shifted  in  order  to  bring 
the  diiHTtion  of  the  magnet  at  all  times  within  central  range  of  the  telescopic 
scale ;  the  r(>cord  consists  therefore  of  readings  of  the  azimuth  circle  and  of  readings 
of  the  reflected  scah\  The  observers  are  in(iii>'ted  by  iheir  initiids,  R.  for  lladcliff, 
K.  for  Kiiorr,  and  S.  for  Starr. 

The  iustruiu'.'ut  luiviuy  been  properly  adjusted,  the  fuUowing  reuduigs  were 
taken : — 


h  m 


M  A(iN  1:T1(' 


iisi;  i;  \"  A  Ti  (I  N 


76 


Sciilc 

l!ciiiliii,i:'s  111'  1) 

I'l'lilliMllitrl'. 

Mean 

loi'al 

1>-I1M. 

tillK** 

8  A.M. 

Nov.  M-i". 

Nov 

27. 

DiM'.  3-4. 
24'.;!        11. 

r),.c.  vi'\x 

35  M 

lS-10. 

K. 

:;i'.-.' 

:i-2\i 

u. 

2.s''.:j 

s. 

:!5'.4  1     K. 

i)    " 

:25.3 

i2«.2 

11. 

2:3.5 

:!5.:j  , 

31.0 

lii^t.  iiiiivi'd    1 

\ 

ill  ell 

uiiiiii:' 

10    " 

.'iO.  0 

2(1.5 

20.1 

35.2 

33.  S 

3,S.3 

11     " 

:!(i.'.i 

•21.0 

24.fi 

35.1 

34.5 

42.1 

NiMltl 

:!."!.. s 

'2X.'.\ 

2.x  5 

;J5, 1 

33.7 

44.2 

ll'.M. 

:;:>.{) 

K. 

->4.4 

K. 

2.').  2 

K. 

:f5.2        K. 

34.3 

n. 

42.lt 

K. 

'2    " 

;!4.« 

25. 1 
24.fi 

25. 11 
25. 1 

;j5.5 
;j.'>.5 

:!:!.3 
34  S 

43() 
43.7 

4    " 

;i(;.;) 

2U.4 

25.  it 

:35.o 

31.3 

44.1 

;')     " 

Iii,<ft 

S. 

2li.4 

S. 

:J5.2       K. 

:!5.0 

s. 

44.5 

n. 

(1     " 

np.-^ot 

25. 1 

:S5. 1 

34.5 

44.0 

7    " 

:iO,:2 

20.  :J 

35.:$ 

XkI 

20.1 

S     " 

.•ill 

27.;i 

;i5.5 

:io.o 

2  It.  4 

it    " 

;!l.!l 

n. 

27.5 

n. 

:!5,o  1    S. 

30.2 

K. 

20.  S 

s. 

10    " 

'!',■- 

27.5 

h:,.' 

30.1) 

20.  i> 

11     '■ 

•  >■)..  ' 

27.0 

35., S 

30.7 

20.  It 

.MMii-t 

;!4.(i 

27.4 

35.11 

30.2 

20.0 

1  A.M. 

:!:;.- 

K. 

27.  S 

s. 

35.11         K. 

:)5.s 

S. 

20.5 

K. 

.)        '* 

n:\.-2 

27.11 

35.11 

35.0 

20.3 

ii   " 

.•Ji.-) 

27.8 

;W.i) 

3li.0 

20.0 

4     " 

:i-j.:! 

27.7 

:!5.!1 

37.0 

30.2 

i>   " 

;!l,i 

s. 

27.:;         K. 

35., S 

U. 

30.2 

u. 

:!ii.:! 

1!. 

{'<    " 

•J1I.4 

27.0 

35.0 

35.1 

;:o.t 

(      " 

:J'.i.!l 

27.:5 

35.2 

35.0 

20.3 

S     " 

•2fi:.i 

27.2 

35.2 

35.1 

2.S.I 

S  A..M. 

rri'<].f>ii 
:i;r(iii' 

ilinii-  .\/,Miiiilli 
-  .\  M.  :;i    I'll' 

'ircli'  llcailiiifr 
NA..M.  33^(1(1' 

?. 

SA.M.  l'4°40' 

SAM. 

;;:;=' (III' 

sA.M. 

;;:r(iii' 

7  I'.M.  :ja  00 

i 

lu    •     :;i  50 

1 

1 

Ill  ■■ 
7  I'M. 

J5    nil 
l",i   nil 

-fi,t^r-f  ?i. 


»^Rrrf^ 


76 


I'.KCoiii)  AND  iu:sri/rs  OF 


I  ■' 


— 

Sciilt 

Ki'uilii 

(JTS. 

Mr.in 

local 

isen. 

1861. 

time. 
8  A.M. 

Def.31. 

Jau.  1. 

J.iii'> 

7-8. 
K. 

•I.in'y  14-15. 

.lan'y 
32''.  0 

21-22. 
R. 

Jan'y 

28-211. 

Fel.'y 

4-.'-.. 

27".  2 

R. 

28".! 

27''.  8 

S. 

33'.  1 

K. 

33'',  8 

.s. 

9    " 

27.2 

28.1 

28.3 

29.7 

33.0 

3.3,9 

10    " 

20.0 

28.2 

27.0 

30  5 

31.1 

34,0 

11     " 

2fi.l 

28.3 

27.5 

30.  (i 

31.5 

34,0 

Noon 

27.1 

28.8 

22.3 

30.7 

30.0 

31,0 

1  P.  M. 

24.5 

S. 

27.9 

R. 

22.0 

K. 

31.8 

S. 

31.9 

R. 

32,4 

K. 

2    " 

20..  0 

28.0 

24.1 

32.4 

31.0 

30,1 

3    " 

23.9 

27.7 

24.5 

32.7 

34.4 

29,8 

4    " 

20.5 

28.0 

20.1 

32.3 

34.3 

31,2 

5    " 

27.8 

K. 

27.0 

S. 

24.9 

R. 

33.5 

K. 

34.0 

S. 

33,5 

R, 

fi    " 

28.3 

27  7 

27.0 

34.0 

34.7 

34,1 

7    " 

28. 0 

28.0 

2.S.8 

35.5 

35.3 

34,0 

8    " 

29.1 

28.4 

2S.0 

35.0 

35.0 

34,9 

!»    " 

29.4 

R. 

29.3 

K. 

29.4 

s. 

3(;.2 

K. 

35.0 

K. 

35,4 

S, 

10    " 

28.7 

30.8 

30.2 

35.2 

35.0 

30,0 

11     " 

28.7 

30.5 

29.5 

35.3 

35.0 

35.5 

Midii't 

29.3 

30.8 

30.4 

3,5.3 

3.5.4 

34,9 

1  A.M. 

29.0 

S. 

30.8 

S. 

30.4 

K. 

30.0 

S. 

34.7 

R. 

35,2 

K. 

2    " 

29.1 

30.4 

30.1 

37.0 

34.8 

30.1 

3    " 

29.0 

31.3 

31.2 

38. 1 

35.3 

37.5 

4    " 

28.4 

29.  () 

29.1 

38.0 

35.0 

30.4 

5    " 

28.5 

K. 

30.0 

R. 

28.2 

R. 

37.0 

K. 

34.0 

S. 

30.5 

R. 

0    " 

28.4 

29.9 

27.7 

35.2 

34.4 

34.1 

T    " 

28.1 

28. 9 

27.5 

33.7 

34.4 

34.2 

8    " 

28,2 

28.5 

29.1 

32.2 

84.3 

33,3 

Circle  Readings. 

8  A.M. 

28°  00' 

8  A.M. 

28°  00' 

1             i 
8  A.M.  28°(M)'  8  A..M. 

27"  00' 

8  A.M. 

27°  00' 

8  AM,' 

27°  00' 

'  Wind  blowing  from  N.  K.  (inio),  luul  lioavv  ,-iuo\v  drift  during  tlic  observatious. 


mniiwi 


■■■■! 


M  A  (J  \  i:  T  I  ('   O  I!  S  !•;  1!  V  A  T  I  (>  N  S 


77 


n 


Sralc  itcr.ilin 

;s. 

Menu  local 

tilllU. 

Fel.ruary  11-12. 

Vebninry  18-1!). 

February  2.'). 

Manh  4-.V 

8  A.  M. 

34'.:! 

1! 

34''.  (! 

K. 

3(1''.  8 

S. 



311''.  1 

i:. 

a    " 

3(1. '.» 

3.J.D 

3:..  4 

3H.1 

10     " 

3(1.7 

■"id.") 

35.1 

37.7 

11    " 

31.7 

3(1. 1 

3r).3 

.37.8 

Noon 

37.3 

Instninu'iit  imivi'd 

3(1.8 

3;-).4 

1  1'.  M. 

33.11 

s 

3l.(t 

U. 

37.0 

Iv. 

3.').'J 

s. 

2     " 

3").  8 

3(1.1 

3s.:i 

.'!;..  1 

3     '• 

3(1.7 

33.3 

37.1 

3.V0 

4     " 

3r).l 

3.").M 

3r..s 

3.V2 

5     " 

3(1.0 

K. 

3.').  1 

,'^. 

3s,(l 

U 

3(1.  H 

K. 

fi     " 

38.  (i 

3:..L' 

:',s,:, 

3S.1 

7     " 

3><.3 

37.3 

3S.7 

:;s.:t 

8     " 

3!i.(l 

;;7.s 

3s.,s 

;;s.o 

9     " 

3S.H 

U. 

37.lt 

K. 

.3S.S 

S. 

31».3 

i:. 

10     " 

3'.».7 

37.4 

. 

3s,7 

31(.2 

11     " 

311.3 

3s.(l 

.'is.d 

3s.!) 

Miiliiiirlit 

41.0 

40.3 

311.5 

1  A.  M. 

4.!.  1 

S 

37  2 

It. 

311. 1 

.s. 

0       II 

3!t.'.( 

311.  (1 

31(.3 

3     " 

311.8 

3(1.  r> 

311.4 

4     " 

3(1.(1 

3(1.7 

'.iK:-, 

;')     " 

3.*<.3 

K. 

37.0 

S. 

37.2 

K. 

G     " 

3S.0 

3(1. •-> 

3s.  1 

7     " 

37.4 

3.').") 

:is.:) 

8     " 

3i"p.II 

33.0 

3,s.8 

• 

CI 

■clc  lleudiiiirs. 
•.'(r->  :!()■       s  A.  M. 

8  A.  M.       'iifi  2()' 

8  A.  .M. 

.jno  •>{>' 

s  A.  M.       2(r  20' 

Lijrlit  wiiiil  mill  snow 

1   I*.  M.         "      " 

Wiiiil  liliiw  injr  liciivv 

CJi'iir,  Willi  winil  i.'oni 

frmii  S.   \V.  (Iriic) 

Ciiliii  iiiiil  rlrar  ilni'- 

f'liiMl      N.      (ti'i'i'). 

N.   K.   drill')   ijiii-- 

until  si*.  M.,  wlicM 

inir   llii^   iiliovu  ob- 

mill  snow  ili'ifiinir. 

ill};  llii'  iilio\i-  oil- 

tliu      winil      lilcw 

f<(.Tvalion.-i. 

(lliscTviitions     (lis- 

sri'Viilion.s. 

stniiipri'i*  anil  snuw 

I'oiitiniii'il     lit      II 

(Iril'ling. 

r.  M.    on    iiceoniit 

of  winil. 

1 

Wf  liav('  now  to  express  the  pncediuo;  nuiiil)ers  in  units  of  tiie  same  seiile.  imil 
to  vefin"  tlieni  to  the  same  zero  tor  each  day.  Tiie  (U'terniinatiou  of  tlie  seah'  \aiiie 
at  AVushinj^toii  <j;ave  1  division  =  10'.  14  since  in  tlie  ])resent  record  tiie  last  fiifure 
is  noted  as  a  decimal.  The  j^ivcn  readinjj;  of  the  circle  is  taken  to  refer  to  tlie 
centre  of  tiie  reflected  scale  or  to  tlie  division  W,  the  excess  al)ove  HO  converted 
into  parts  of  a  defj;r(M',  lias  been  adih'd  to  tlie  circle  readinji:  and  the  defect  lielow 
!U),  after  conversion,  has  been  sul)tracted  fnnii  the  circle  readin.ij,  the  latter  beinf,^ 
expressed  in  (l(>;j;rees  and  fraction  of  a  deixree. 

IncnusuKj  ecalc  nnmbers  correspond  to  an  msti  rJij  movement  of  the  north  ^'iid 
of  the  maii'uet;  htcndxiiKj  circle  riMdinns  are  likewise  in  the  direction  from  nnrtli 
to  c'f.v/.  The  correction  for  torsion  (for  de\iations  luyuiid  ;{(I.O  di\  i^iiais)  has  been 
rejected  by  the  observer  as  too  smairtu  ali'ect  the  results. 


78  1'  V.  (•  O  \\  D    A  N  I)    I!  E  H;  1'  T>  T  S   0  I' 

'Pile  (il)s('rMitiniis  on  Xovcinlicr  ■,'(')  iiiid  '21,  ISdO,  will  he  omiitcd  in  tlic  tiillowinL,' 
tiililc  owiii''  to  the  bi'ciiiv  in  tlic  scries  on  the  'idtli,  ini<l  the  inconiiilctcncss  on  the 


;.tli. 


Tlic  first  two  vcii(linn;s,  ])ccciiii)cr  "Jl,  ISdO,  rc(|iiirc  to  lie  cliiini,'c(l  to  conl'orni  to 


the  readings  of  the  diiv ;  these  readin-'s,  alter  conx 


ersio 


n,  are  ;};{°.71  and 


il 


tliey  have  been  changed  into  '21°A'-i  and  '2~i''\i'2  hy  the  Ibllowini,'  ]n-o<('ss  of  iiitir- 


xilation : 
li 


le  readmirs  a 


If  we  ronii)are  the  readini;s  J)ecend)er  '2i  at  10''.  11,  1'2,  1.  ',',  -V',  with 
it  the  same  hours  on  the  tiiree  days  of  ohserxation  iirecediiijif,  we  find 


tlie  correetions  — G.'M,  — ().47,  — (i.Ol  to  he  applied  to  the  latter  to  prodiiee  tin 
series  on  Deeeniher  24,  and  apitlyin^  these  (inaiitities  to  tlie  readings  at  i>  A.  M. 
^\^^'  find  for  that  hour,  Deeeniher  2\,  •,'(>". fHi.      Ayain.  tlie  mean  readiii''  at  i>  A.  M. 


before  the  break  from  5  observati 


oils,    IS   .J.)..) 


t,  and  from  M  obser\ations,  after  the 


break,  27. 4S,  difference  — 5.8(5;  and  ajuilyinj^  this  to  tlie  actual  rcadiiiy;  December 
24,  !)  A.  M.,  we  find  llie  value  27. S") ;   tlie  mean  of   tiiese  two  values  is  27. 10.      Uv 


tl 


find  27.41,  th 


the  table. 


le  same  proct-ss  for  8  A.  -M.,  we  Juki  .:i.-{ 
Tlio  break  in  the  scrit^s  amounted  therefori'  to  (i'^/Ji), 

Tlie  value  for  noon,  February  IS,  is  the  mean  of  tlie  values  f(n'  11  1'.  ^I.  and  1 
V.  M. ;  the  instrument  does  not  apjiear  to  liavi-  been  permanently  disturl)ed.  The 
incomplete  rcadin<,'s  of  I'Vbruary  2')t]>  are  (nuitted. 

Hourly  readings  of  tlie  declinoinetcr  at  I'ort  I'oulke,  e\]ircs>cd  in  de<;rees  and 
fraction;  increasini,'  mimbers  denote  a  mo\(>nuiit  of  the  north  end  of  tin'  iiia;;iiet 
towards  the  east. 


!■'    I 


I    I, 


is.;ii 

Dw. 

Pec. 

P,.c. 

1 

Dec.     ' 

i)..o.;!i 

.1.111.   \ 

,T.ir,. 

.T;in. 

.T.in. 

!'\'li.    i 

V..li. 

I'i'li. 

.M.iivl, 

im;i 

H-4. 

1-j-ia. 

IS-lli. 

24-;;ri. 

.l.-in.  1. 

7-s.   1 

14-1, '■i. 

•1\--1-^. 

2S--1I. 

4:,. 

n-ii;. 

ls-l;i. 

4-.-.. 

s  A.M. 

3:!.°:!- 

i:!°.<il 

;i;i°.s(i 

27°.  42 

270.."):! 

27^\iiS 

27^0,:! 

2  7°.:!  4 

27<^.."):! 

27°.  04 

27^.0(1 

27°.  11 

J7^s.s 

y   " 

10    " 

:i:{.'.>4 

:i:i.Mi 

:i;!.l7 

27.42 
2i;.7:! 

27.;"):! 
27.:!2 

27.C,s 
27.70 

27.71 
27.411 

20.  II.") 
27. OS 

27.:")  1 
27.111 

27  (10 
2  7,  (IS 

27.411, 
27.4(1 

27.;:2 

27.42 

27.70 
27.(1:! 

.•!4.n 

:!.■!.  s7 

:!:!.(;4 

11  " 

:!;!.',i2 

:i;!.s(; 

:j:!.7ii 

27.;!S 

27.:!4 

27.71 

2-.r)S 

27.10 

27, 2. "i 

27.0S 

20.02 

27,:!0 

27,0,". 

Noon 

iM.d- 

;{;i.sr, 

:!;!.(;:! 

27.72 

27. .M 

27.  so 

20.70 

27.12 

27.0(1 

27,17 

27.,"iO 

2(i,ii:! 

27,24 

I    " 

:it.(i2 

:i:!.s7 

:{;!.7:s 

27.^-^1 

27. OS 

27.04 

20.0.") 

27  :io' 

27.:!2 

27.41 

20.1111 

2(1. .'lO 

27,:!2 

2    " 

:j4.i;i 

;i:!  ',12 

:i:',M\ 

27.r.2 

27.:i2 

27.011 

27.01 

27. 1 1 

27.27 

27.02 

27.:!(i 

2(1.;!.") 

27.111 

3    " 

:i4.oi) 

:!:j.'.i2 

:is.,si 

27. (M 

2(;.ii7 

27.01 

27.0S 

27.10 

27.7.") 

20.117 

27.4(1 

20.S'.i 

27.17 

4    " 

:j4.i;5 

;i:5.s4 

,  •>■>    (-J 

2771 

27.11 

27.r,0 

27.:!4 

27.:!1> 

27.7:! 

27.21 

27.111 

27.:!0 

27.21 

5    " 

.'i4.22 

:!;j.,s7 

i  ;!.■!.  S4 

27. 7S 

27.  (ll! 

27..V.1 

27.14 

27.;'.  11 

27. 7s 

27.;")'.! 

27,:!4 

27  111 

27.47 

n    " 

;i4.no 

;i:i.s(; 

'  .•!:!.  7(1 

2  7.  SO 

27.71 

27.01 

27.411 

27.  OS 

27. so 

27.70 

27. 7S 

27.21 

'27.70 

7    " 

:!t.2o 

:!:i.s'.i 

!  :;:i.!iii 

27.S;-. 

27.7ii 

27.00 

27.s(l 

27.112 

27.  SI. 

27. OS 

27.7:! 

27.r.(i 

27.70 

S     " 

:!I.:m 

;i;i.!i2 

;  ;;i.oi 

27, '.111 

27.  s.-. 

27.7:! 

27.70 

27.114 

27, SI 

27.s:! 

27.  so 

27.(11 

27. OS 

9     " 

:!t.tl 

:!:!.'.I4 

iUj.dt 

27. '.17 

27.110 

27. SS 

27.110 

2S.(I| 

27,  si 

27.111 

27  SI 

27.(10 

27.111 

10     " 

:it.fl 

:!:!.!ir, 

|:i4.i(; 

27.'.IH 

27. 7S 

2S.1:! 

2s.(i:! 

27. S7 

27. S4 

2s,  01 

27.  IIS 

27. .■)S 

27.S1I 

11     " 

:!i.-12 

;i:!.ii7 

■.'U.l:! 

27.117 

27. 7  S 

2s.(is 

27.112 

27.S!I 

27. S4 

27,112 

27.111 

27. 7s 

27.s:! 

.Midn't 

:u  ;;',! 

:j;!.ii!) 

;!i.ot 

27. '.IS 

27.  ss 

2s,i:! 

2S.07 

27,s'.l 

27.111 

27.s:i 

2s,:>'.l 

2S,(l7 

27.111 

I     " 

.•i4.4(; 

:i:!  !i!) 

.  :i:!.',i7 

27.112 

27.s:i 

2s  1 :! 

2s, (17 

2S  01 

27, so 

27. S7 

2s,:.4 

27,  r.  4 

:i7,ss 

2    " 

:54.4- 

:V-',. '.)'.) 

■:i:i.s4 

27. ss 

27.  s.") 

2s  (17 

2s,(l2 

2S.1S 

27,  SI 

2s.(i:! 

2s  01 

27.44 

27.111 

.•!    " 

:!4.4C. 

ii.',.<,V.) 

;!4.oi 

27.s:i 

27  s:i 

2S.22 

2s. -JO 

2s,;i7 

27.s'.l 

2s,-j(l 

27,1111 

27.42 

27,11.! 

4    " 

.•14.44 

.■lil.iiii 

:!4.ls 

2s.a;i 

27.7.'! 

27. li:! 

27.  s,-, 

2s,:!.-) 

27.  S4 

2s, as 

27  II 

27  40 

27,70 

.5    " 

:i4.:i7 

.•i;{.!)7 

1  ;!4.04 

'  2s.ii.'> 

27.7."> 

2S.10 

27.70 

2s,2S 

27. 7s 

2  s,  (111 

27,7:! 

27.:.  1 

27.:.! 

n  " 

:it.42 

:i:!.ii4 

:i:!.si; 

2S.(I7 

27.7.-! 

27.  IIS 

27.01 

27.  s7 

27.7") 

27,70 

27.  cs 

27.:i7 

27,70 

f ," 

:!i.;!7 

.•!:!.s7 

.•):!.',t4 

27. ss 

27. OS 

27. S2 

27. ')S 

27.0:i 

27. 7r. 

27.72 

27,r.s 

27.2:". 

27  7(1 

S     " 

:!4.:;.; 

:i:!.s7 

^  :!:!.s(; 

27  C.S 

27.70 

27.7."i 

27.S") 

27.:!7 

27.7:! 

27,ri(i 

27.:!2 

2(1.  SI 

27, si 

MA  (i  N  i:  lie  ()i!^i:i;  \  atio.v 


As    tln'    scries    is   a    sliort  one,  T    f,'ivr  tlir  si'|);iriitc  Illi'iilis  dt"   (i    iiml   cil"   1  (l;i_\s    til 
coniparc  \>itli  tlic  iiicau  uf  1:!;   (licsc  |)artial   roults  nintinii  tiir  ;,'(  ncral  rcu'nlaiitv 


it'  till'   (liiinial    \ariati 


oil,  anil    -liiiw   tliat    \\r   may   jilai 


>iili(i 


I'lK  r 


ill     till'     Ir^lllt 


ilriluiTil  tViiiii  tlic  aj,'L;n'f,'ati'  \alurs. 


Diiinuil 

V:il'i:itlnn  III' 

ihi'  .M;i;^'lirtir  1  Iri'liiuil  in 

1   ill     I'nIl     1' 

ililkr,   Slllilll 

Sll:nl.    Hrr, 

hllirl'   In 

.Miiivli. 

si',11  -i;  1, 

.Vriiii 

Mi'.in  liwal 

Mi^nn 

Mi'iin 

Mi'Hii 

;        Mi'nn 

MiMIl 

tiuio. 

lif    li  lIllVH. 

of  7  ilays. 

iif  in  ilnys. 

tiu'al  tiiiii>. 

of    >'i  ilaVrl. 

of  7  Mays. 

of  l:t.lays. 

s  A.  M. 

;ia  '.i;:i 

;;7    ii; 

'.'SJ,!):) 

s  1'.  M. 

:;ii  .'.ir, 

■-'7     7'.i 

■.';i    -Ji; 

!» 

X  ;!(i.4',i 

L'7.ls 

•Js,s7 

'.! 

:!l.(i2 

:;7.^7 

•-".1  .'IJ 

ID 

;i(i.r)7 

'J7  :;i 

liS.sl 

Ill 

;!l.(i7 

•J7.s'.i 

•.".i,:a'i 

II 

ao.Ciii 

•j;  :;2 

•Js.M', 

11 

;;i.iHi 

•J7.S7 

•.".i.:;i 

NiMIll 

:i(i.7r, 

L'7.lil 

L's.7'.t 

Miiliii-lit 

i:il.ii7 

'JS.dll 

l-2'.H-2 

1 

.•lo.ct 

X  •.■7.(17 

X  2^.7:2 

1 

;!i.ii:. 

'.'7.  in: 

.".i.:;s 

;i(i.(i.s 

'.:7.11s 

'2s:\ 

._) 

;!i.(iL> 

'.'7.1IJ 

•".1  ;;.'i 

:i 

ao.iin 

->l    •-'.'! 

lis.s:; 

•> 

.'il.lMi 

|:>'«.(il 

J-.i  IJ 

1 

30.75 

il.:;i 

'J^.'.il 

1 

:!i.ii:. 

■J7.s:; 

I'll  :;i 

.'» 

3«.sd 

•J7,ll 

li'.iaii 

"1 

:il.ii.". 

:;7,^a 

•j'.i.:ai 

r, 

aO.T!) 

■r,.<\-2 

li'.I.IIS 

I'l 

ai.tm 

•J7.I17 

L'a  -.'1 

7 

ao.s'j 

■2-.-1; 

•y.i.-2i> 

7 

1      30.  (ta 

'J7.I1I 

■j'.i  1 1 

s 

nii,s7 

L'7.."ai 

•j'.i  II. "1 

]Vii/  cloiii^Mtioiis  aiT  iii(iical('<l  \>\ 


mil  I  'i-'i/  cldnLriitiiHis  li\ 


'I'al-iii;;  the  iiicaii  iif  tlir  twii  \alnrs  at  s  .\.  M..  and  Militi-actiiii,'  carli  liiniil)  \aliii' 
iVom  tlic  mean  of  the  whole  ('Jil^.l  1 ).  ;ve  (ilttain  the  (liiinial  \aiiation  us  <,n\cn  ii;  the 
t'olloniiij;  tahle;  the  values  arc  i,'ivcn  in  minutes,  l-'or  ((imparison  1  have  addeil  the 
diurnal  variation  ohsevcd  at  \'an  Kenssclacr  llarlior  li\  Dr.  Kane;'  thoe  resnlts 
arc  i^i\'cn  iu  two  columns,  the  second  one  (■ontainini,^  the  \ariatinn  after  the  omissinn 
of  the  larLjer  disturhaiiccs.  To  separate  in  our  series  the  disturhances  from  the 
rci^ular  rcadintrs  would  not  load  to  any  satisfactory  results,  as  the  oli  ervations  are 
much  too  limited  in  numhcr;  no  \ery  lar^e  distiiriiances,  howe\er.  av  recorded,  so 
tliat  wp  may  with  c([ual  advantai,'c  comiiare  the  Tort  .l''oulke  results  with  others, 
includinjjj  or  excluding'  the  larger  disturhances.  V>\  the  additional  comiiarisons  with 
I'oint  Harrow,- Toronto,  and  I'hiladelphia.' we  may  he  eiiahled  to  i,'enerali/e  certain 
features  in  tlu-  diurnal  variation  of  the  north-ma^iK'tic  hemisphere.  \'au  Ueiisselaer 
and  I'ort  Fonlke  are  st:-.ti(ins  situated  to  the  ii<ir/\iriiril  of  the  ma^'uetic  pole  (of  dip 
!)()°  mul  liorizoutal  force  0). 


^#1 


'  Sec  my  (lisnissioM  of  I)r.  Kaiic'.s  MiiLi'iiolii'  (Hi>rr\iilii'ii-  in  lln'  .Vrrtii-  Si.'ii-,  in  iIh'  Siiiiili-fiiii;iii 
C'oiitrilniliiii'.-  to  FCniiwloil^'i',  N'uvoiiilii'i'.  ls."iS, 

"  I'liil.  Trims,  lliiviil  Si)fii,'ty,  Is"i7,  I'nrl  II,  Art.  x.\iv.  On  lininiy  i.li>.  rvniinii-  nf  llio  iiiicj-riitir 
ik'i'liimliiiMiiiiiili'  IiyCiiptiiiii  1>.  Mujriiiiv,  it.  N.,  iiinl  tlic  i.tliicr-^  of  II.  .M.  S.  I'luvn-,  in  1  •<.'>l'-.'.:;-.M.  iil 

I'llillt   lilUTiiW.       Ity  Mllj.-Cil'll.    K.   SllllMIC. 

Till'  ciiiiipiirisnii  Willi  Toronto  is  tiikoii  from  llio  saiiir  |iii|)i'i'. 

^  Sinillisonniii  ("oiitriliiilion^  to  Know  Ii'iIl'o,  .Iiiiio,  1  sr,-.>.    Di.^nissioii  of  tln'  Miivni'lir  iiml  Mot 'o- 

lo^riciil  OlisiM'ViUiuii.s  uiiidu  ill  tliu  UiiiU'U  Culli'.irr,  JMiihuk'liiliia,  l.s|U  to  Isl.".,  I'art  II.  Hy  A.  1). 
Diiclii',  LL.D. 


i!  ,; 


80 


RE  CO  III)   AND    RE.SULT.S   OF 


t'<)in])iu'iilivi 

'■  Tiilili!  of  IHdCdul  Viiriiitidii  of  llic 

Mn;jiii'tii'  I> 

'I'linatioii  ol 

scrvcii  at  Koiiio  .-lalicjii.s  1 

Kitlllltl 

■ll  l<i  the  iiortlnvanl,  sodlliwanl,  riihtwiicd  iiiiil  wc 

slward  of  the  Magiictlc 

i'ole. 

West 

letlt'ctidii  froDi  tlio  iiiiriuni  )K»iitioii  m  imli 

■atcil  liy  a  + 

Bli^n,  t-ant  (Iclli 

ction  liy  a  — 

BiB')- 

Weal  elongations  an;  Imliiatod  by  a  X 

alSxi'il,  vaxt  c 

on(;atioua  l>y 

thu  sign  t- 

I'(irl  Fonlke.     Van  RiMisSHlatr  Ilurlior. 

I'ointlliirrow. 

Toronto. 

I'lilla.l 

olplila. 

DiMiinilicr 

.lanu.iry 

Sann', 

Oniiltin); 

()inittinf( 

WInt.T 

Hanio, 

Mean  Idinl 

to  Miiri'li, 

to  Mai't:li, 

oniittinif 

larunr 

lamiT   clln- 

itll:^, 

Olllittlllg 

tilllO. 

ISijIi-Ul. 

i.-m. 

lar^'.•  ili.s- 
turliam,('S, 

ill  'tnrliaiicos, 
1^52-04. 

tuiliauit'3. 

lb41-4.^ 

largo  (ll.s- 
turbauoes. 

Midlii^^lit 

-lilt 

— -is' 

_;fr,'| 

+  .v.;j 

— O'.C) 

— 0'.(i 

— 0'.4 

1  A.  M. 

-IC, 

— 'JS 

—27 

4-  2.S 

—0.5 

_o.:{ 

— o.;i 

2     " 

-14 

-•."..t 

-ll-it 

—  o.c 

—0.5 

— O.li 

-0.:! 

;i    " 

_1<\|            _>.>s 

— :!4 

—  4.4 

—0.7 

—0.4 

—0.4 

4     " 

—  1-2 

— -.'M 

—2(1 

—  11.0 

—  1.1 

—0.5 

—0.5 

;■)     " 

—  11 

— •2'.> 

—20 

—11.4 

—  1.1) 

—(I.e. 

—0.7 

(1     " 

—  C, 

—  10 

—  s 

—  14.(i 

— :i.o 

— 0.0 

—1.1 

7     " 

0 

+    1 

+   !» 

-i;V2t 

—4.0 

—  1.5 

—1.7 

H    " 

+  7 

+  1-2 

+  1!) 

—  12.7 

-4.41 

_2.0t 

_2.2t 

!•     " 

+  14 

+  17 

+  2:i 

—  «.2 

— :i.(; 

—2.0 

__(i>    .) 

1(1     " 

+  \H 

+:!l 

+  ;!(» 

—  ;i..s 

—  1.2 

—  1.0 

— i.i 

11      " 

+  ir, 

+:!() 

+  21> 

+    1.4 

+  1.7 

4-0.7 

4-o.('> 

Nnoll 

+  1!) 

-f-:!sx 

+  2',( 

4-   4..S 

4-4.0 

4-2.:! 

4-2.2 

1  1'.  M. 

+  -J:!x 

+  ;!,-. 

+  ;j4x 

+    .S.2X 

H  :>.  1  X 

4-:'.2x 

4-:!.  Ix 

-         " 

+  -2i       !      +L'i; 

4  2(; 

+  7.r. 

+  4.0 

4:!.  2 

4-;m 

a    " 

+  17 

+  -'1 

+  11 

+   7.2 

4-:!.s 

42.5 

+  •-'.4 

4     " 

+  1-2 

+    7 

+   7 

+   7.2 

4-2,.-. 

4- I.e. 

4-1.5 

r>    " 

+  7 

+  -'4 

+  2t 

+   7.0 

4-1.:! 

4-0. -s 

4-0. s 

(1    " 

+   -2 

+  12 

+  c 

+   (;.7 

4(1.5 

4-0.  t 

40.4 

7     " 

5 

;; 

—    1 

+   4.1 

—0.1 

— o.:i 

—0.1 

S      " 

—  it 

—  i:! 

—    11 

+  :i.s 

—(1.2 

— 1.(( 

— (1.5 

".1    " 

— ll! 

—21 

—  l(i 

+  ;!.;i 

— (1.5 

—  1.4 

-0.11 

1(1    " 

— ir. 

—21 

—  1.'! 

+   4.4 

—0.7 

—  1.4 

—0.11 

11     " 

—14 

•>•> 

02 

+  r..2 

—0.7 

—  1.0 

—0.7 

1 

Northward  luid  Eastward. 

Westward. 

Southward  of  iiiafriii. 

111'  [Kde. 

The  gcngraijliiciil  position  iiiid  (Iccliiiiition  of  tlicsc  .stiitious  jirc  a.s  follows:  — 


Tort  Koulkc     .     . 

1.  =  7s° 

l.S' 

x=7:!" 

00' 

I)  =  111^40 

\\. 

ls(;i.5 

\'aii  Iti'ii.^si'larr 

7^< 

:i7 

70 

.5:! 

lOX    12 

W. 

1S51.5 

foint  Harrow   . 

71 

21 

15(i 

15 

41 

K. 

l.s52-5;{-54 

Turoiitu  .... 

4:i 

40 

70 

22 

1     45 

\V. 

1.><5;!.5 

Third  Vol.  of  Toronto 
Olts.     Iiond.,  Is5". 

Philadelphia    . 

:ilt 

5.S 

75 

10 

.1    :i2 

W 

l.S41-l.><45 

I'art  XII  of  Discus- 
sion of  (ilr.  Col,  ,Maj;. 
(.Mav,  1,S(;4). 

IMairiiotir  polo  nr-) 
rdl'ililijr  to  Uoss   \ 

70 

(15 

10! 

4(1 

-  - 

olifiorvcd   ) 
l.s;il       ) 

Phil.  Trans.,  \>*'M, 
Vol.  I,  Art.  III. 

MaLMU'lic  |M)|p  ac- ) 

7(1 

(10 

'17 

const  racted  > 

Mapof  isogunic  lines. 

cordiiifr  to  Kvaii.<> 

1.H5.S        > 

Comparing  the  Port  Foulko  and  Van  Tlcnsscliicr  llaihor  diurnal  imijjrcssion,  W(> 
notico  a  dose  correspondcnct^,  viz:  a  niaximnni  ?'v.s/  deflection  about  1  I'.  IVf. ;  a 
inaxiniuju  Kisf  deflection  lietween  'i  and  -i  A.  Af. ;  a  normal  position  of  tht;  needli; 
about  (U  1'.  M.  and  7  .\.  M. ;  in  fact  the  onlv  noticeable  ditferenee  is  a  le.ss  range 


-M  A  (i  N  i:'n  (•  (m:si;  i;  \  .\  t  ions. 


81 


nf'iimtioii  at  Tovt  l"niilk<'  (I'.')  wlicii  (onipiind  with  tliiit  df  \aii  linissclicr  ((111); 
this  may  he  due  to  tlic  sUuvi  s^l•i^^  ol"  ohscivatiiiiis  at  citln  r  placr.  and  partly  al^i 
to  flisfiiiltaiu  IS.     'I'hc  hori/oiital  Ioitc  at  Tort   Foulkc  liriiij,'  siiialln-  tliaii  at   \aii 

llriissclacr,  and  tlic  loniicr  station  lunini;  1 n  occupied  tliniii:,'  a  inasinmiu  ol' ilir 

ten  or  eleven  year  inecpiality,  tlie  latter  diirin;,'  a  niininiuiii  of  that  eule.  we  shoidd  ■ 
ha\('  expcc  ted  tlie  ;,qeater  raiiL,'e  at  I'ort  Wonlke. 

'i'he  two  dinrnai  curNcs  are  i'lirther  ilhi>trated  hy  means  ol"  the  aceonipnnjin;,' 


diagram. 


1)11  IINAI,   \'.\lilAT|(p\   l\    U'iNrKll. 


Miiliiiglit 

< 

1 

1 

/    ..-'' 

2 

_ 

/ 

3 

\. 

4 

/      y 

. 

B 

0 
% 

-                  ...■'-.•/■ 

- 

8 

-           y'^          -•-" 

- 

!) 
11} 

— 

11 

N(i(in 

i      <^^/ 

1 

''     / 

•1 

'-^   \ 

3 

~^\  . 

_. 

4 
fi 

X 

^      V 

— 

0 

'~"^"~" —  ^~' 

_ 

_                                     ~~  ,  >, 

7 

■^.^ 

~ 

8 

' 

0 
10 

'f- 

" 

11 

Mi.lnight 

3.V  30  2:'i    20   IT.    10    .I     (I 
+  (\V".-I) 


10  1.1  20  Z'l  30  35' 
—  (Iwst) 


C'oni])avin;j;  tlio  dinrnai  pvoi;rcssion  of  the  several  stations,  we  find  Ihein  to 
exiiihit  the  niaxiinnni  west  deHection  ubont  1  1'.  M.,  wiiicii.  1  hclicNC,  holils  j,'ood 
for  all  places  in  the  north  inai,'neti(.'  lieinis[)here.  It  has  also  lately  heen  oliservefl, 
(jnite  close  to  the  niagnetie  l)ole,  I)y  Sir  Francis  J,.  .McClintock'  at  Port  Keiniedy, 
in  latitnde  'i'i°  01',  and  in  lon^dtnde  J)  1"  I!)'  west,  nia','netic  declination  l:{o°  4~i' 
west  (LSoS-.-);)).  At  tlie  Wlialelish  Islands  (lioat  Island  (/>  ==  (iM°  ;";!)■,  /.  ■--  r,:^  \W) 
near  (iodliaven,  l.ient.  Toster'  lonnd,  in  Jnne,  1^"J4,  tlie  niaxinnun  west,  deflection 
ahoiit  1  I  1*.  y\.  The  morninf^  niaxinnini  east  deilection  ai)|M'avs  to  be  sniijec  t  ti» 
certain  Unctnations,  but  it  keeps  witliin  the  limits  of  midnii,dit  and  'J  A.M.;  its 
(IHuhal  variation  is  mostly  duo  to  the  interferences  of  the  disturbances  which,  for 


flfV 


'  riiil.  Trans.  Roy.  Sor,,  ISfi.'i,  I'iirt  II.  Iicsiills  of  lioiiily  olisiTvuiioii.-  of  tiii'  iMiifrin'tic  (jnliiiii- 
tioii  iiinilc  liy  Sir  Francis  L.  MiCiintork  and  the  olliicrs  of  llic  yiiclit  "  I'o\,''  ut  Vovl  KcmikiIv,  in 
tin"  Arctic  Sea  in  tlio  winter  of  IS'iS-riO,  otc.     liy  .Miii.-(iiii.  K.  Saliine. 

-  riiil.  Trans.  Koy.  Soc.  IS-JO,  I'lU't  IV.     Olisfi'viitions  on  tlic  iliiirnal  viiriatioii  of  tlic  iiiagnetiu 
needle  at  llic  Wlialelish  I.-lan(l^,  Ijy  Lieut.  H.  l'o.>tei-,  June,  ISJI. 
11      Juno,  laus. 


S'i 


I!  I'coi!  i»  A  N  i»  I!  i;si;  |,T,S  UF 


sfiitioiis  iiciir  llic  |)iilr,  iii:iy  n  Mcli  niii^'iiitii(l(s  siilliciciit  cnch  (o  oMriiowcr  llir  rr^iilur 
.soliir  (liiiiuiil  iiiii;,'n's>iim. 

It  will  br  <)l)S(r\('(l  tllllt   ilt    I'dlt    I'olllliO  the  Mliitiiill  ul'  the  IKirtll  cIh!  nf  till'  lircdlc 

iVniii  I  iir!\  iiKiriiin;;  till  nliipiil  nwr  iidiir  ni'lrr  iickhi,  i^  \^(■^t(■l•l).  iiiaun('ti<  ;ili}.  tli()iiL;li 
<jii  I'l'itlit)  it  is  ciiNtcrl),  lis  till'  iici'dic  iiniiii-  ^iiii//i  of  wi  ^t, 

l''()f  till'  Sllkc  (if  illll^tlMlioll  we  W  ill  MiinioM'  iili  oliM'l'Vcr  ^tilliiUiril  iit  the  llia^liclir 
|Mi1i'  Ileal'  Kiii^  WilliaiM  Inland,  ami  two  iicidlcs  placed  in  his  incridiiin,  ime  noitli 
the  oilier  south  of  liiiii,  also  two  needles  placed  ill  his  parallel,  one  east  the  other 
west;  these  iieedh's  will  point  with  their  north  or  niarked  eiiil  towards  him  when 
in  their  normal  position  (\\hich,  tor  iiistantu',  always  happens  some  hours  hi'f'ore 
noon),  but  early  in  tin'  morniui,',  niioii  tiirninj^  siiceessively  to  them  hi'  will  tind 
them  all  de\iatin^  to  his  left,  ami  an  hour  or  t\vo  after  noon  he  will  find  them 
detlected  to  his  ri^'lit ;  they  ha\('  all  nio\('d  in  the  inler\ai  from  left  to  ri;j;lit.  thoiif,'h 
in  reality  the  marked  end  of  the  northern  ni'cdle  moved  from  west  to  east,  that  of 
the  southern  needle  from  east  to  west,  and  that  of  the  eastern  from  nortli  to  south, 
and  of  the  western  from  south  to  north;  however,  the  motion  of  the  eastern  needle 
appears  earlier,  and  that  of  the  western  later,  by  the  amount  of  their  dill'ereiic"  of 
lonj,'itnde  with  that  of  the  obsersi  rs,  the  inotion  bein^  yoveriied  everywhere  by 
local  solar  time. 

The  (leclinometev  was  also  o!iser\'ed  nearly  e\ery  day  at  '"^  A.  ]\f.  and  '2  and  10 
1*.  AI.,  between  November  1  "J.  lS(i().  and  March  !».  Istil.  'I'here  are.  however, 
several  interruptions,  and  the  iiisfrunient  has  been  moved  in  the  interval.  The  only 
use  I  projjose  to  make  of  this  s(  ries  is  to  ascertain  the  an|,Mila<'  motion  of  the  mag- 
net between  '2  and  10  1*.  M.,  and  to  form  from  it  an  estimate  of  the  diurnal  ran<'e. 


' 


KU'.M. 

I'liiiiinii'ti'i 
18(l(t. 

1!  !■(■(. n 

1  lit  i'di't  KclllliC. 

Scillr 

1!  cadi  lips. 

18tlO. 

2  P.M. 

;;  1'.  .\l. 

IHI'.M. 

isdd. 

2  V.  M. 

1(.|'..M. 

isia. 

2  1'.  M. 

11.  P.. M 

Nov.  12 

;is,s 

4(1.0 

l>.f.  21 

33.5 

.'ill.  3 

.Inn.  1(1 

2S.5 

35.8 

t'l'l).  10 

20.3 

40.0 

i;; 

;!'.i.2 

40.:. 

22 

33.4 

35.  s 

Circle 

2s°  0' 

27"  0' 

11 

35.8 

30.7 

u 

;fT.2 

43.2 

23 

3)1 

3S.I) 

17 

32  1 

34.(1 

12 

30.7 

42. 1 

1') 

;!7.« 

4(i.2 

21 

43.0 

2'.l.0 

is 

3;!.  s 

30.5 

13 

30.0 

30.3 

ii; 

:i',t.o 

42.0 

f'inl,. 

25-2(1' 

2s°()il' 

10 

33.7 

35.2 

14 

35.0 

30.7 

17 

.•i(;.4 

44.1 

25 

Is.o 

20.4 

2(1 

2S.4 

;!t.(l 

15 

31.8 

38.0 

IH 

41.-. 

42.0 

2(1 

2(1. 1 

2 '.1.3 

21 

32.1 

35. 2 

10 

31.0 

30.7 

t)0 

42.0 

42.4 

27 

25. 1 

20.4 

00 

30.0 

35.5 

17 

34.3 

20.8 

s:"; 

:i-.2 

4(1.") 

2S 

25.4 

20.7 

Cin-l.' 

23'-^^  (I' 

27'  0' 

18 

30. 1 

37.4 

2i 

4;i.l 

4(1.") 

211 

2  s.  s 

2S.7 

o;[ 

25.0 

3(1.7 

10 

3.5.8 

37. 1 

'.',') 

27, 0 

3(;.:) 

;!() 

2s'4 

211.2 

21 

14.S 

.'!7.5 

20 

30.3 

30.7 

i>ir.     1 

4:'..:! 

44.3 

31 

20.0 

2S7 

25 

11.3 

30.0 

21 

20.7 

35. 1 

;i 

2:).'.) 

27.:. 

ISCl 

20 

17.3 

30.0 

22 

33.8 

41.3 

4 

2(;.2 

27-  T 

.Ian.  2 

2(1. 1 

31.2 

27 

28. 0 

35. 0 

23 

20.8 

38.0 

rt 

24.7 

27.4 

3 

2S.4 

;i(i.s 

2S 

31.(1 

35.0 

24 

33.2 

30.2 

0 

;i:!.2 

3S.3 

4 

22.7 

3(1.3 

20 

.■!3.2 

37.4 

25 

.'>.v3 

38.7 

10 

2.").t; 

42. 1 

5 

27.1 

3(1.(1 

.•Id 

34.1 

34.0 

20 

38.5 

38.7 

11 

84.0 

3(1.0 

(1 

15.2 

20.(1 

31 

33.(1 

:!7.o 

27 

27.8 

38.0 

12 

Ii-).,') 

3:..  7 

( 

2s.(» 

3(1.  s 

J''cl).  1 

32.  .8 

20.5 

28 

20.0 

38.5 

13 

8.-).('. 

35.7 

.s 

2S.5 

20.3 

0 

28.4 

3(1.0 

.Murtli  1 

30.0 

24.0 

14 

:i4.o 

35.(1 

<l 

2S.7 

30.  S 

3 

33.1 

35.4 

0 

35.5 

20.0 

15 

;}:>.(■. 

24.4 

10 

2',l.0 

2il.ll 

4 

30.1 

30.0 

3 

30.0 

38. 0 

l(i 

2,-).  1 

35.8 

11 

27.7 

30.  S 

.') 

32.4 

35.0 

4 

35. 1 

30.2 

n 

34.0 

34.3 

12 

20.3 

2S.5 

fi 

.33.0 

35.3 

5 

38.3 

38.0 

IS 

33.3 

3(1.!) 

13 

2s.(', 

2'.I.S 

7 

34.4 

35  0 

0 

37.0 

30.8 

HI 

31.7 

3S.S 

14 

21.1 

3(1.2 

« 

34.3 

31.7 

7 

30. 1 

30.2 

L'd 

3(1") 

311  2 

1.". 

2s  1; 

2'.i.:! 

(i 

31.5 

34.0 

S 

3S.5 

30,0 

A- 


wmmamm 


M  A  i;  N  i;t  I  !■  (I 


i:  i:  V  A  r  I  (>  n  s. 


K\ 


III  tlir  ;ili()\i'  nciinl  I  liiiM'  H;i\,.|i  tl|(.  cii'il,.  iiMilin^r  in  tlmsc  (■.■imn  i.nU  wlnn  ilic 

I  inlc   Ii:i(l   licrll  >lliric  (I   ImIwccII   tlic    tWil    lliillis    iit'   li  ( mil.   it>    nidilii,'    t'lHIII    ll.lV   tn 

(l;iy  Ihiii;,' iitlii'iwix'  (if  iici  ((iiisimiik  iicc.  Il'wc  talvr  tlir  (lilt'ci-ciici'  cmli  (l;iy  nf  tlic 
tiiliiilar  iitiiiilii'i's,  we  liiul,  fiitiii  KM  (liijs,  tin  iimtii;,'!'  (litfirciirc  l.l'J  iliNisiniix,  tir 
4.V,  liy  wliicli  qiianfify  tlir  north  cud  ot'  (he  iinillr  imivcil  easterly  lietweeii  '.»  ami 
10  1'.  M.  l\\  the  precediii;,'  (liiirual  curve  we  iiiii>t  aihl  l'  In  fnre  "J  !'.  M  .  ami  adil 
r  alter  10  1'.  M.  in  order  to  p't  to  the  extreme  ram^e,  whirii  ii  tin  retnre  "lO  ,  a 
\aliic  preteralilc  to  that  j,dveii  iiet'ore. 

At  I'hiladclphia  the  ratio  ol'  the  diurnal  raiiu'''  in  winter,  to  that  of  the  whule 
year,  is  as  ').(!  to  7.!),  lieiiee  a|iiil\in^' the  same  r.ilio  to  I'ort  I'oiiike.  ue  find  the 
jirolialilc  diurnal  ani|ilitMde  of  tlie  declination,  on  the  aMrai^e  tliron;;hoiit  tin'  \e.ir 
iiiid  for  an  cpuch  of  its  greatest  value  in  the  l(  u  or  eli  \eii  year  cyi  le,  to  In'  I     lo  . 


.Misoi.fi'i:  iii;ri:i;MiN.\i'inNs 

Ohm  ri'iitimis  mill  li'isiilln  nj'  Miiijin  lir  ])•  i  /iinitliiil/l. 

The  declination  ohscrvafions  made  in  connection  with  tlie  survey  of  the  we>t 
roast  of  Smith  Souml  and  Kennedy  Chiiunel.  in  tlie  siirinu  of  1^01.  will  Ik  ;,'i\en 
first,  next  those  ohserved  in  Smith  Strait,  and  last  those  determined  in  North  ( ireeii- 
iiuid.     'I'hcre  arc  14  stations  in  all. 

An  nppro.ximatc  correction  for  diurnal  \ariation  was  applied  to  refer  the  ol)ser\(il 
declination  to  the  nu'an  declination  of  the  day;  this  correction  wasdiri\ed  fiom 
the  mean  diurnal  progression  as  found  at  Port  I'onlKe  and  \'an  U(  iissi  juer.  Il.uijor. 

Cairn  Point,  Smmii  Stuait. 
Olisci-vatioiiH  (irniiiKiK'lif  ili'cliimtiiiii,  April  11,  Isdl.     S.  .1.  MiCuniiick,  oli-crvcr. 
I>uii1j1('  iillitiiilcs  lani  Ijfuriii;;'  ul'  tlio  sun. 
Suxtant:  2  0 

'■2'y  14'     Liitiiiiiic,       If,  =  cs   :;ir.H  (■,,nt  = 

'2')     (12 


21    r.:! 

Mcuii,        25     (Ki 
Iiiik'X  cin'rcclkiii,  +  1 

12    ;i2 

lirfriic'tion — pnr.,  — 4 

JSe'mi-diiuiictt'r,  +  Itl 

Observed  iiltitmli-,  h.  12     44 


I,iitiiiiilc,        If  =  c.s    ;;ii'.H 
L(in"iiiiilc,     X  =  4''  i>V"  50' 


O'sdrcl'n,    «  =  7=  4!i    15" 
llimr  iiiijjli',    /  =  4''  15'"  If 


.1/=  IT"  17'  11" 

Aziiinilli,  .1  =  i;5  42' 

(J)  Mau-.  Iiciiriii.ir  S.  I71I  W)  W. 

Mil;;,  dcrl'ii,    +  IIU  US         lit  4? 


fill  ]i  —  niii  f  niii  i 


ins  If  CO-  4 

1 1>.<  1 

tl.rn,„.-.l=           '"'' 

•1/) 

Oliscrvatioii  fif  niiij,'iK'iic  di'diimliiiii,  April  12,  lsi;l.     ,*>,  ,|.  .MrCorniick,  olixrvrr. 


iJcaring  ul'  the  sum  at  iiuiiii . 
Ilfiice  luajjiit'llc  ducliiiatioii 


N.  7(1'  W. 
+  110-  0' 


84 


It  Kcoit  I)  A  N  I"  u  I,  s  r  i,Ts  o  r 

OliHervnlldiiM  ipf  Miitfin'tii' «liitliiiiiii Vpril  l."i.  1hi;|      |    I    lluyin,  nliHcrvir. 

Ili'iiriiiv'  i>r  till'  Mill. 
( I'nck  )  rliiiiii'r  (•iirririiiiii  :i  7' April  l.i  — ""  ."il" 

«)llMT»l(l  tillll>  (if  0        ■  .11''     I'      i"i 


I'm  /.,.!/ -  '•'"' 


Mi'itii  tiiiii' of  (iliMi'rviilloii  (!  nil)  .         .     'J:l    o;     ii'.i 

l'!l|IMIllllll  (iC  lilMV   /.'  .  .  f-  I       I'i 


tlii'ii  i/A 


hj  I  rnx   M 


nil  (f  — .'/) 
I  lour  iiiij:l('  / _(i     ,"i|     ■:,s      \ 

« -  +     !i"  :,y  'jr." 

;V-        111  ID    :)l 

Am.—    l.t  ;is 

4j  MnKiK'li''  lii'iiriii^',      '.'I'll*  I'l  (l!v  W'iii'iliiiiiniiV    >iiii|iiis.-,  iiiiiiillii^'  IViiiii  S.  llii'oiiirii  V.) 

.Ma((iii'lir  ilc'cl'ii,    +111     -.M 


April  11 
\> 
I.". 


IU;r\i'ni  I,  \riiiN  m-  I!k>i  i.th, 
OtniTVi',l  iliTliimliiiii.  Tinii'. 


I  I'orriM-iinii  Imi  illiinml 
j  I  {  varintidii. 

j      +  11(1"  IS'      I         1 1  I'.  M.       I  _•.>:.' 

I        -f  I  10     (III        [  N.M.n  ,  —-.iH 

I        +  111     •-•:!  II  A,  M.  —■>-2 

Mi'iiii 


tVr'll. 

+  i((!i<^  :.;v 
+  I  (HI  :\-> 
+  111     (II 

+  11(1      <l!» 


Fogffy  Camp,  Smith  SiiiMi, 
Oli-icrvntloii-i  Tor  iri;i(riifiii'  ilciliimiinii,  Miiv  l:i  (I'.  M.)  l""!'.!.     I.  I,  llnyrs,  uli-jcrvcr, 

lii'iuiii};  1)1"  till.'  sun,' 

p,  riirniiv  Ar=  +  V'  I'.t"'  4s'        ^  s  7!t'  ri:.'.:) 

ObsiTvcd  thill' lO     1    IV     -It  X  ^  V'  V)"' :>-2' 


Mriiii  tiiiu'  iif  oil's,    5    ;17     (IS 

/;     +      3  r.i 

I      5  -ir^di 

Mnf-'iictic  iK'orlng  |0 —  1i'/ 
Mii(?iietii'  (Ifciiimtiiiii, 


OV  «=  is"  ;!:r  2."i' 

,V=7i!  (i:i.:} 

.I  =  ss  tl.c. 

1(14  14.0 

-f-  1(1"  (II,  I  III'  +  lOir  ,'(.T  wlicii  ciim'ctid  fdi'  iliiiniiil  var'ii. 


Camp  Hawks,  .^mhii  Sdi.Mi. 

Crwii  miles  fi'Diu  Irving'  Isliiml,  nuhliiii  l!iiy. ) 

Olisci'viiliiiiis  fill'  iiiiifriii'iic  ili'clliiutliiii,  May  22  (I*.  M.)  l.SCil.     1.  1.  Iliiycs,  (ili.-crvir. 

Hearing  of  llie  .siiu.- 

P.  cliriin'r  a7'=  +  1"  14™  .12"  I  ,,,  =  71»  '  i:!'.7 

(H.sci'vi'il  tiiiic  0      8    02    f)0  I  !i  =  4'' ri2"' 24* 

.Menu  liiiic  nf  iili's,    !(    17     22   ' 

A'  +;j    :{4  [  0's8=    2(P;i;i'  liV 

(  i)    20    6(i  I      J/  =  _2("i     00.2 

.1  =  142    O'.iO 

IMnjrnctic  licariiig  0  102    .'Jd.O 


Mafrnctic  declination. 


+  115    21.0  (ir  +  1 1.V"  :!8'  whoii  corfcclcil  fur  diiinial  var'ii. 


>  Anotlicr  olisiM-vatinn  Ol  HiS°  2.V  at  4''  1.V"  .'is"  Ims  liocn  rrjcclt'il. 

'  Of  the  fi)llc(\ving  (ibscrvaliuii  I  liave  iiuiik'  im  fiirllii'i'  use  ;  At  7''  2s'"  4."i''  iinirii'  liclwci'ii  sun  (J) 
and  Knst  Capo,  Irviiiir  Islaiiil,  7(i^'  .s',  niairiu'lit'  Ijcariii!?  nf  Capo  411°  ir>'.  Cunipuliii);  I'l'iun  tlio.'fi! 
(lata  we  liavo  aziiiuitli  uf  Cape  ;iO°  10'  last  of  noi'tii,  and  niagnotit'  doi'iliialion  +  |0(;°  ;i,"»'. 


M  \  (I  v  i:'rir  oiisi;  n  v  \  t  |o\ 


HA 


..N  K.) 


Ctichf,  on  old  Floc,  >\\n\i  >■■!  m.. 
OlF.-ri'viiilnii- r.if  iii,,;;'iii  lii' ill.  liiuili .Miiv;i:!(A   M  )  l-'l       I    1    lliw  ■■  "I'-i  rv<  r 

llntriliu'''  of  till'  •nil.' 

I'liikii  iliiMiiMiin  icr,  Miiy  ;;ii,  I'l.rt  K.mlki',  a7'"  +  I''  lU"  17' 


»■/'-. 


n 


Miiy  -j:!,  I'.irl  KmiiII,.-,  a7  -  (   I    U    :il 
IlilVcrnii'i'  lit'  luiijxilii.lr,  +  'Ji 


Hi    l.'l    ii-J 


A  T  Ci 


At       W'  .'iii"  ;!ii' 

III    i:!    -7 

III    I)    ii7 

"        III    l;i    (111 

.Mi'iiii  III    l.'l    ;VI 


Mill    U    IH'III'S 


II  II 


7.1  :;it 
7i;  :!.'i 
7ii    \:> 


^  -  !'■  :>\ 


V.  flirHii'r,     aV  +  T'  l.T'Oi'  +  T'  i:;"  nj' 

Oli-ITMll  lilnr,  ',1    M      :|0  ,      10     l.'l     .'lit 

MfuiitiiiifuriiW-,  II  (i:i   ■^■2  \   11  jM  .'l.'l 

I 

£  +  .1     'J!l 


«,  --Jii'  l.'l'  J7  ■ 
"11    117         I        #,,-  '.'ii    I.''  :i7 

,1/,—  '.'pii'.r.'i.v  -V,,——  ■.'ii';i:i';,(i" 

,!,-    ii;<<    .'.o.;i  :  .1,,-    17:1    -J',  n 


/;,»      c.'i    -j-jo 


/.', 


/ 


II    1:!   Ill 


+     ;i     -J'.i    M:r.:Mli(l'ii,  =  +lL'.i      177     .Mul'.  (Inril,— -)- I  IK     Ji.  I 

II    .;.'    J I  W.'iirlil     1  AVriiilii      :i 


.Mii^'iirtic  iliiliiiiiiiuii,  s-  4-  I II     17'  .,!•  I  !;p  ,">'2'  \siii'ii  npfiTi'iml  Tn-  ijinnmi  Mii-i;itiiiii. 

ScoiiJc  Camp,  Smith  Smsi.. 
((lisiTviitiiJMs  I'lr  .Mii:,'iirtir  iliiliiiiiiinii,  Miv  :;:i  (illli.  iiiiiliiiglil ),  ImU.      I    I.  Iliiyis  Dli.Mrvir. 

.  II'  iil'iliii'  III'  llir  .-IIM. 

I'dili.'t  cIirniiMiiii'iir  aV    +    I''    l:l     nj       -;,  ^  7'.i-  il'.i' 
OliMTMil  liiiic  0  <i     |i»    III       X  =  1'' i'll"' :i:i' 


Menu  liiiic  .ifi.li^cr'ii  ('.Md),  i:i    ri;t    02      «  =>      Sn'MH    IJ 
/;  +  :j    :".i     M  =  —  -s:,   jh.7 


I  \:i    ,"iii    :;i       .1=    i;ii7    in..'» 

M;i'/iii'(ir  'pi'iii'iii'j'  oC  [,  III    ;;.'i,o 

Mii'iiH'lir  ili'i'liiiiilicii,  -I-  111      tiriMi'-t-IIJ    iMi' uin  iicitM  f.ii- ilini'"!  VMi'ii, 

Pottito  Camp,  ."^MiTii  Si.i  Ml 

Oll-l'l'VulinllS  f.if  lllll.L'llrlil'  llrllill;llinn,    MllV  J  I   (  I'.  M .  ),    l^l'.l  I.    I.    1  I  M  \  (-,   hIi'I'I'ViT. 

l.i'ai'iiiL''  nf  till'  sun. 

I',  rlir.  Miiv  :'.o.  I'.irt   I'.iulkc  a7'=  +  T'    l:;''17"i  1'=  7'.'"  IM 

6  7' =  —  2..'.  4-  11  x=  4' .'.II"' 


Miiv  I'l.  I'ui't  r.iiilJM' a7'       +  1      l-J    :!I 
PilVi'rciu'i'  lit'  liiiii;-iniiU'.  +         -2    mi 


aV  I'litiiiii  Ciiniji, 

(lliM'l'Viil  liliir   1^ 


+  1     14    .'il 

11    ;ii    III) 


«  =      -jii   :,i'  r.7' 
ir  =  —  :;'.!  !i> 

I  =       liil     (17,  I 


Mraii  tiiiir  (if  olisi'i-viilinii.  7      1^     ■'!!      O  ..lai''.  1:1:!     :;iMI 


Mil 


'II,  +  1( 


7     ;)1    ;-i(l 


III'   In.'p     :;  I    wlirii  cnr- 
rn-ii  c|  I'ni'  iliiir'l  \ai-'ii. 


'    .\ii   (lii^iTValiiiM   lit    Small  lii'i'L'  ('ain|i.  nil   llio  iii'iniiii,^' ol'  tin'  -an     ilati',  ua-  lliiiiiil   ci'i'iiiicnii-ly 


rccii 


nli'il.  anil  lia.-  tiii'ri'rpirr  lucii  niiiillr.l. 


ftf' 


m  I  pp' 


III! 


i  i 


'!''  ' 


•I 

I  •; 


l!i 


86  R  R  C  0  R  D   A  \  D   R  E  R  IT  T,  T  S   O  F 

Camp  Separation,  S\inii  Schmi. 
OltsiTvulioiis  for  iniiiriu'tic  (Iccliiiulinii,  Mny  i\  (:.'.')lli  A.  .M.),  l>ii',l.     J.  I.  Haves,  dlj.-irvcr. 

IJciiriiif'  uf  till!  SUM. 


''.  chr.  Miiy  2'),  Port  Foiilki'  a  7'=  +  T'    1  :•'"  :!0'  I 
l.'illi'n'iifc  of  iDiigitiiilc,        4-  :;     '.',1  ! 


7'Ciim|)  Soparalioii,  +1      Iti     0-' 

(lli.-crvcil  time,  12     i"iS     do 


.Mean  liiiiu  of  oli.s'li(jii(-J4lIi),  14     1  4     (»:2 

j:  +       a    24 


X  =       4''  \s\ 


.U  =  — 2t    r.:!.(; 
J=    212    :;:! 


14      17     2i;  1  I!enl•ill,^'  C^i  12    4:i 


,Miij;iii'tii.'  (K'l-liiiatioM,  +  Idl     12  nr  +  I(l,')^  (II'  wluMi  ciirrootod 

liir  diurnal  variation. 

Last  Camp,  Smith  Sdind. 
Ob>i'i'vatii)iis  foi'  inajriii'lic  (k'cliiiation,  May  2(1  (T.  .M.),  ISCil.     I.  I.  lliiyis,  observer. 

Rfiiriiig  of  tliu  .sun. 


V  clir.  Alay  2(1,  Port  Foiill:i\  A  T  =  +  l"    12™  2(i' 
Dill'ci'c'iit'o  of  loiigitiulL',  +  a     o2 


A  7'  Liiri  Caiii|i, 
Oliscrvi'd  time  (^ 


4-1     IT)     r.s 
5     47     ;i(i 


Mean  time  of  observation,         7     O.'i     2s 
E  +         .'{    i:i 


7     0(i     41 


^  =       7S''  .'IS' 
Ji  =       4"  4Si'" 


a=     21°  I.'')' ;!(!" 
M  =  —  w.\   ,",(;.  7 

yl  =       no     2S.S 


Mair.  beariiifr(t)141    00 


Magiietie  declination,  +  lOS    iil  or  -f  1()><°  :!(','  wlieii  cor- 
rected for  dinriial  va;'ij. 

Starr  Island,  Pout  Foii.ke,  Smith  Srii.MT. 

October  27,  ISdO.     A'i;iiist  Sonntatr,  oli.scrver. 
liy  moan.s  of  the  observed  beaviiifj;  of  the  base  line  and  th(^  a,<,'ve.>ment  of  th(> 
observed  and  computed  latitude  of  Cape  Isabella  (see  astronomicul  part)  we  ha\e 
the  magnetic  declination  +  10!)°  45' 


.  =  78°  17  .« 


^  =  73°  OO'.O 


Northumberland  Island,  off  soith  khie,  Whale  Soind.     AiiL'iist  .^,  T^Ol. 

Tiie  rec(ml  of  this  observation  not  being  quite  comiiletc,  tlie  filiscrver's  vcsidt.  or 
-f  1()()°  ()()',  is  adopted. 

$  =  77<^11'  71=72=20' 


'  I' 


i   li    I     J 


f 


M  A  (J  X  '•:  TIC  O  IJ  S  !•:  w  v  a  T  1  0  N  s. 


87 


■•a 

m 


Neilik,  WiiAi.E  Soi-ND. 
(Fur  result  liy  (Ircliiiniiu'tcr  sci'  fiirilirr  (in.) 
OIistTViiti.Ms  (.r  inaL'Mi'lic  (Ircliiiulion,  August  J  ("itli  A.M.),  isiil.     S.  ,1.  .McC 


rk.oll: 


d^srrvcil  tiiiip,  priclirt  cIiriinumttiT, 
('liroiiiiiui'ti'i'  corrc'Ltiiiii  a  7' 

MciiM  time  (if  iiti.^crviitiun  (llli), 


liciiriiif?  of  llio  SUM. 

il.     o,|m    44.  I 

I    11    r.4    'P  = 


(it'.s 


!•: 


iiiilioii  of  tiim  yj 


.")    11     6  =      k;^  :.!'  21' 


Hour  anirlc  I 


■  2     2() 


U   ,  .V=       20    4.')..S 
A  =  —  ;]'.)    ill 
(J)  magni'iii'  ln'iiriiiL',     S.  Os    iiii  \V. 


.MagiKUio  (li'diniitioM,  -i-  1U7     Tm   ur   +  lUT'  ."7'   wlicii   cnrri'i'lcil 

I'lir  (iiunuil  vuruitioii. 
l'"or  il  .second  dcti'i'ininatiou  see  further  on. 

Port  Foulke,  SMirii  Stiimt,  .Inly,  l-i(;l. 

01i.>ii'rviitii)iih  for  iiiniriiftlL'  dt'clinatiou  at  lliu  OIiscrvuloiT.     H.  (i.  nmlciilT,  oli>i'rvcr. 

IiislrumcMl.'^  used  :   I'ortiiliU'  iks'liriouicter  mid  tln'odoliU'. 

Oli.^^cvviUioMs  r(U'  a/.iuiulli  of  marks  1!  ami  C.     July  II  l*.  M.,  I.hCI. 

Tliii  liorizouial  (•ir(d(,'  of  llic  tliroilolitc  reads  in  a  itiroction  from  south  towanls  la-l. 


1 

5i.'ariii;_'S  0 

f  llic  sun. 
M;uk  (ir 

I'nrkpt 



-     —  - 

M.irk  or 

I'oi^k.a 

Circle  riMi 

Limb. 

chruiiuuiutor. 

Liiuli. 

cliroiioiin'ter. 

Circle  riM' 

iiig't. 

01 

r.(;°  ;-)(;'.;■) 

r.7 '.5 

10 

0    0(5     4,j.O 

r.7    IS 

lit 

1! 

10    00 

(12 

01 

(!''    .",1"'   0;)" 

4!)'   ?,\' 

:il'.o 

1; 

10      (10 

02 

10 

y2     45 

4:1      Oli 

0.". 

(' 

1(17     25 

24.0 

1! 

10      Oo 

0.') 

01 

c,  22    ns 

i>2     00 

01.0 

(' 

Km       2S..'> 

2(1.5 

lO 

C.    21     07 

02      14.-) 

1.^.5 

01 

(;    4:!    20 

4(1      20..') 

20 

1! 

40      OO..') 

02 

10 

(;    44    :j(i 

40     37.0 

3(1.5 

0 

l(;7    21 

21 

We  have  tVnni   the  iistrononiiciil   paper  tlie  ( liroiioineter  corvectioii  of  '.'(lO"!  on 

meiiii  time,  .Inly  i),  iNfil  — : f'  47"'  17%  and  tVoiu  the  clirononieter  roinparison, 

pocket  chrononieter,  '.>''  03"*  :3.V.S  -=  "2"  ;}"'  hy  I'linjiiometer  •J()07  ;    hence  AT    - 


-V'  47"'  iVJ-;  we  have  also  the  oh.served  times  of  tlie  siui's  centre,  from  tlie  ahov( 


G''  0.)'"  1'2\  (j''  23'"  '22%  G''  3'2"'  20%  and  G''  43'"  58-  hv  din 


onometer.    Tlie  correspon( 


1- 


injr  derived  hour  an-rles  are  1"  12'"  2.V,  V'  30'"  3")%  T'  3!)"'  32%  and  1''  ol'"  lO".  and 
the  compnted  a/inuiths.  20  OS'.iJ,  2."j°  OS'.f),  27'  3.V.S,  and  30"  4(i'.r,  (all  west  of 
south);  hence  1(V  means  of  the  corrrspondiiii^  circle  readinifs  .")7°  07'. 7,  .V2 '  07'. !l. 
4!)''  43'. 4,  and  4()''  28.'"),  in  connection  with  tlie  mean  readini,'  of  15  40'  Ol'.O.  and 
of  C'  107"  2.V.4  we  olitain  the 


Aziiiiiitli  of  I!. 
:!7''    11'. '.I 

37      14.S 


Mean, 


13.4 

15  2  W.  <if  S. 


.^ziiniitli  tif  C. 
"'      15.2  a/.imutli  of  I! 
127      23. S  aiiLiiilar  dilVcreMcir 

'JO      (is.d   Iv  of  S. 


88 


n  E  0  0  p.  I)  A  X  D  n  i:  s  r  l  t  s  o  f 


I  if  t 


SkT   I.  ()llSl;lt\AT|(iNS  Full   IlKCI.INA'llilN',  .Illlv    111,    I'^l',!. 

The  li()ri/()iit:il  circle  of  tlic  (U'clinoiiu'tcr  veils  in  the  fiircctiiiii  f'loiii  south 
towards  west,     'i'lic  poiutiiitc  is  upon  the  ii.xis  of  the  collimator. 

Ik'twccn  2''  ami  :{''  l)y  clironomctcr.  the  colliur.itor  mai,'iict  read  \'-\4^  i'AV  ■,'()"  and 
134'  57'  00",  and  the  azimuth  mark  IJ  'Js  P  •.>(;'  W  and  •.'(!'  :30",  also  C  l.jf!"  2G'  00" 
and  •,'()'  40".     We  ha\e  conseiiueutly  at  !)//'  A.  .M. 

lsn= -)- cjlliiiiiitcjr,  ;iI4"  Tiii'.T  :!M0"i(i'.7 

Murk  1!,  i>st    lic.a  c,  i:>c,    ■>{■,:■; 


■".()    ;w.-2  l.'is    :)().. t 

Aziniiitli  (.f  1!,  W.  (if  X.   11:2      1  l.s  A/.iiniilh  dl'  C,  :2T0     (i'<.i! 


MufTiH'tic  ilicliiiiilidii  \V.  Il-»     11. (i  111     :\^.-2 

.Mciiii,  =  +  111     All 

SkT  2.  OnsKllVATIiiNS  I'dll  Iir;cMN.\T|ll.\.  .Inly    11,   Iscl. 

Mi'tween  S'' :].'}'"  aiul  !•''  o-V"  li)  clirononieter.  the  collimator  mad;net  reatl  \-i  I'  .")(>'  0" 
tnid  .■■)(;'  40",  anil  the  a/imntli  mark  IJ  •JM4'  VJG'  10"  and  V?(i'  40",  also  C  l")(i°  X?(i'  40" 
and  -JO'  40".     Hence  f-r  4  ["  V.M. 

ls(io  +  ciiiiiiuii.H-,  :)14"  .'ii'.'.;!  :!i  r  ;tC,':.i 

.Miuk  1!,  2S4     L'r,.4  (',    l.Ml     l>i;.7 


A/.iiiiinli  l>, 


142     I  l.s        .\/.iiiiiiili  (',  2711     ns.c, 


Ma-iirlic  (Ircliiiuti.Hi  W.    J12     li.;.  Ill     :i;i.(i 

M.'.'in.  =  +  111     ."17 
C'lrrci'tioii  fiii'iliin'iiMl  v;n'iiilioii  to  .~rt  1,  —  22',  uml  lo  .<ct  2.  —  12  .  liriici'  (.'niTi'di'il  mean  +  111-  4o'. 

Netlik,  WllAI.K  SnlMi. 

Oh.^iTViilinii.-;  Willi  |Miil:ilili'  cliTliiiniiiricL'  mill  tl liiliic.     li.  (i.  ItalclilV,  (ib.-^crvt'i'. 

Olisi'i'viiiiniis  I'nr  ii/.iiiiiiili  (jf  mark  A.     Aic/u.^l  4,  I*.  .M.  Iscl. 


lii':ilTi,i;'.~  I 

if  the  .~im. 

Mark  or 
Lliiib. 

A 

01 
10 

PorUi.t 

C'lironoiiH-'tt'r. 

Circln. 

s°  :i4' 
71     4;! 
71     4:i 

1 

4:! 

4:! 

M.itk  or 
Liuil). 

0' 
3 
.V 

I'.l,'k..t 

(.'hrouuniL'tcr. 

4S">    ^S" 
.Ml      41 

Circlo. 
7(P  M' 

7(1    :<n 

S       lit 

10"  44'"  4.V 
47     (II 

f.l' 

:!i; 

From  the  astronomical  pa])er  we  jiave,  for  Aui,ni^t  4  (!'.  M.).  tlu'  pocket  chromi- 


uetev  correction  AT 


■4"  41"'  ol' 


Olisrrved  times  of  the  smi's  centre  10''  4">" 


■  )•)    aiii 


1  10''  4!)'"  :!.V  hv  c]ironomet(-r. 


Tlie  corresjioudiiiii;  comi)uted  hour  anodes  are  .V'  O.S'  1  l'  and  <i^'  01'"  .")T\  and  tlu? 
ji/imuths  !):>''  'iD'.'J  and  !•  1^  •2'.V M  (west  of  south);  heiu'c  hy  nutans  of  tlie  corre- 
si)ondin^  circle  rea(lin;j;s  11°  4:y.O  and  HP  .'A)'.')  in  coniu-ction  with  tlie  ineau 
reading  of  the  mark  A  8'  o-V  we  obtain  the  a/imutli  of  the  mark. 

l.-.i;"   :!T'.2 

i."ii;    o^.s 

V)ti    a8.(i  \\.  of  s. 


■pp— 


n. 


^ 


.M  A  i;  N  i:t  I  (•  (>  i!s  i:  i;  v  .\  r  lo  n 


Hi) 


(liisi:i:\  ,\TinN  I'.iii  iii.i  i,i\  \Tii,\       .\ii.:ii-l    I  \'   M 
I)<'t\\('('ii     10''    ;!.")"'   iiiiil    11''    •.'•")"'    liy   (■liiiiiMiiiiilcr.    tlir   cnlliiiialnr    inii^iicl    inid 

10''  M'  00'  iiud  :!?  Id",  and  (lie  a/.iiiuitii  iiiaiK  -.'T:!     I'J  •,'()'  and   |:V  10'.     \\C  lia\. — 
isd  '  -f  culliiii.ilni',  lilt)-  ;;7  ,;; 

Muik  A,  •2-:i     i:!.(i 


A/.iiiiiilli  ol'  iiiurii  W   (if  N      :;:!     J-.'.n 

.Mii;.nii'lic  ili'cliiiiilinn  \V,       liir,     -JT.T  ;il  I'.j   I'.  M,  m-    f  liii;     J.'i    u  lini  cnrrcclnl  t'..r  ■linr'l  \;n-'n 

Coinhiiiiu^  tliis  result  with  tlic  tirst  olitaiiicd  hy  S.  .1.  M'CuiiimcU.  and  i,'i\iii^' 
(he  wciylit  2  to  Radclill's  (IctcnuiuatidU.  and  tlir  \vrij,dit  I  tu  .M'CuniiickV,  we 
tiiul  the  rcsultiiiii;  dcfliuatioii  -)-  10(1     !!)'. 

Upernavik,  Ncmrii  (iiii:F.M,.\.Mi      Aii-ii.-i  h;  1'.  M  .  I^t'.l, 

Obsi'rVlltillll.S   Wilh   pnlMMllll'   llrilillilllictl'r  mill   til Inlill'.         II.   (i.    Kiulrlill',   Iili-Cl-MT. 

OliscTvalioii,-.  lor  ii/.iiiiuth  cif  uku-U  A. 


[iciirillL'S  1 

if  till'  .-nil. 

Marie  or 

Pnrlti't 

Circle. 

M.iik  or 

I'oi'kiit 

rir 

■lc>. 

Liml>. 

clir(Hi()mL'lt.'r. 

Liiiili. 

i.'liriimiiiK-Uir. 

A 

•JCi;-  -);">'.;") 

17' 

10 

10''  \-2'"  (l."i' 

li.i 

1.-.' 

11' 

A 

lici;    4.") 

|i; 

.\ 

•ji'.i'i 

17 

n; 

01 

Ill''  -.'T'"  t-y 

IIS    or, 

0."i.,") 

O: 

10   ;!l     02 

117 

H 

Is 

lO 

10  •_".»   :>:> 

1  (S      O.').") 

Il,'i.:"i 

!0 

10  ;;:)    Jo 

117 

is 

IS 

A 

:>(;i;    .17 

It; 

A 

■jiii; 

I.'i 

11 ; 

Ol 

10   :;o    .M 

11.")    i.'i..'. 

I1..-I 

and 
and 

y.v.t) 

and 


Tlic  astroiioiuical  i)aprv  funii>lH's  A  7'  — :>''  11"'  'VJ"  (suflicicntly  near  for  . 
10).  We  have  the  ohscvvcd  times  of  tlie  sun's  eeutre  10''  'Js'"  Is-,  10''  :)•>"  IT, 
10''  -10'"  ."is-,  the  con-espondiui,'  cniniiuted  liour  au^des  (i''  4:5'"  OT,  (>''  Ki"'  'Ji', 
()''  ")."»'"  1 1%  also  the  computed  azimutlis  of  the  svui  7.')'  4 1'.S,  74  .77'. 0,  and  IT  ;' 
(W.  of  N.);  the  coiTospoudini,'  circle  readinijs  are  US  0.7', (i.  117'  Is'.O, 
14.7'  14'.S;  the  mean  readiiifjf  of  the  mark  A.  'JOO-  Hi'. "J  and  its  a/imutli 

H-->^'.t) 

14     2;).2  .Mean  14  -  J.V.u  !•:.  nf  .'S. 

U     -Jl.l  ^ 

Oiisr.nv.vi'iii.Ns  rnit  nr.ri.i.NWTiiiN.     Aii.L'ii.st  17,  ,\.  .M.,  isi;! 
r.etweeii  '2''  0'"  aud  ;V' 0'"  hy  chronometer,  tlie  collimater  m:ii,'uet  read  101     \-V  ;J0' 
and  ir  00",  and  the  a/.inuitli  mark  .\  -MO    -Jl'  :!0  '  and  ',>■-'   00';   we  lind 
1^11  -t  I'lilliiiialiif,  •■141-  I.'i'. 7 

Murk  A,  21 H     21.7 

121  .'^i2.0 
Azimntii  of  mark  W.  of  X.  1 114  2.").o 
Miigiictie  (Iccliiuilioii  W.       72     :;:!.o  ni  lo''  .'lO'"  A.  M..  cnrriTiiini  fur  iliiirn.'il  \.iriiiiiiiii  —21' 

A  residt  whicli  a])i)ears  to  me  rather  douhtfiil,  thou:,di  nut   diffeiini:  more  tin 
2Y'   I'l'om  Captain    Ingh'tiehl's  delerminatioii   in    1^71.   wiiidi   \\a>   77     W      41 
1:;      Juno,  isua. 


Ill 


mw. 


^ 


{)() 


i;  Hco  I!  I)  A  N  i>  I!  i;sr  r/rs  o  !•' 


liiirnal  viiiialinii  and  llic  ili>tiirl>iiii( 


CS    ill    t 


licsc   ]\\ii]\   lalitiidcs  coiiipriM'  mp  larj^c 


raiifjTc  as  to  rc([iiiiT  piaiiy  ami  coiitiiiiicd  (ilisciNatioiis  of  tlic  iiiat(iirt.     'I'lic  rcsidt 


of  the  followiiifj;  olisci'vatioiis,  talccii  liy  Mr.  Souiitaic,  at  Proven,  accords  well  cnon^li 
witli  tlic  supposed  distrilmtion  of  magnetism  as  marked  upon  tlie  Admiral!}  ('hart 
of  Ualliii  I5ay  uf  Lsfj!)  (No.  'iH"). 

Proven,  Nimitii  (JiiKKNi.ANn.     Aiii;ii.-i  s  (IV  \\.)  Isc.d. 

llisll'llliirlil  lisi'il  :    llio  tlicncldlilr.      (tli.-ci'vcl',  .\.  Suiiiitii^'. 
IJciiriiius  111'  llu'  .-^iiii. 


Limb. 

I'ofkot  t'lirouoiuntiT. 

Circle. 
2'.!'^   211' 

;i(i' 

Mauni'lir  lurri.li.Mi. 
;i:i2      (12' 

01 

1''    2U"'  21° 

10 

1      21      24 

21)     411 

fid 

(i:; 

10 

1      22      Id 

211    ar, 

:i7 

(i:! 

Ol 

1      22     ."lO 

as   5(1 

r.o 

(12 

10 

1     20    r.i 

2>^     .",0 

:;i 

01 

1      27     4(1 

27     4(1 

41 

i.'.2    r,(',.r, 

Ql 

1      2s     :;;•) 

27     2(i 

27 

:i."i.tj 

lO 

1      2'.i     4(1 

27     4r. 

1(1 

U'e  lia\i'  iVom  the  astronomical  pajier  the  correction  of  the  pocket  clirononieter, 
Aui-iist  S,  iMiO,  A7'^  +  I''  01'"  :}S~;  the  latitude  </)  I'l  '2-y  01".  and  the  longi- 
tude ■/.  .--:!'  12'"  \IA.  Wetind  tlie  honr  an-les  •>''  IS'"  01'  and  2"  2V"  -.V-V  for  the 
Iwo  sets,  and  the  corresponding,'  a/imutlis  of  tlie  sun  o!)    01'..")  and   10     Is'.O. 

.Mii^'iii'tic  iiicndiiui I."i2-    r.i'.:i  l.">2     111'.:! 

Circlu  rciuliii^f   ...  .         .       2Ii     2(1. :!  27     Tid.s 

niircrciico  ..... 

A/.iniiilli  of  siui  .  •         .         . 

M;iuniclii'  ili'cliiKiliiiii  W.     . 


122      :i:i.d 
;ilt      01..-) 


121      2s.:> 
4d     4S,0 


f<:5      i'll. 


4(1..") 


Mi'Mii  (IcM-liMutiiJii  4-  s:i  -  41 


'!■  +: 


ir  wlicii  ('(irrci'tcd  fur  iliiu'iiiil  viii'iiiticni. 


I.dcility. 


Latitiiilo.   LonuitiKte.   liei'lina.lon. 


Date 


1  I'niM'ii,  Ndi'lli  (ii'i'cnliiiiil,      72- 

2  Sliirr  l.-l!iii(i,  Siiiilli  Siruil.    7S 
a  ,  (.'aim  J'uiiit,  "  ;  7« 


4  '  FiiiTiry  f'iinip,  Siiiidi  Siiiiiii 

.'i    I  ('llllll)  Iliiwk.-:,  " 


C,     Cui'lii 


Fl.i 


7  I  Scinisi'  Ciiinii,  " 

S  I  INitato  Ciiiiii),  " 

II  I  ('iiiii|)  Si'|iiii'alioM,   " 

10  !  E.asl  Cniiip 

11  1  I'cirt  Fniili;(\  Siiii...  Strail, 

12  ;  Noi'tlniiiil)urIaii<l  Isliiiul, 


II     4  1 

II     :{(i 


2 '.I 


711     (11 


IX 


>:i   '  72 


is 
II 


WJml 


13     Xi  u 


4      V 


N    f 


■  n'c'rilaiiil 


:!:!' 

+    SIP 

24 

Aiiu-. 

ISCd 

A. 

SdllllUll;' 

d(i 

+  1(111 

4.") 

Oct. 

■• 

" 

All 

+  11(1 

(Ill 

Ai.r. 

I  SCI 

!.  IhiMs  am 

.1.    .M  "'('.. IMii, 

2s 

+  Idc, 

;'):! 

Mav, 

" 

1. 

1     llavr> 

(1(1 

+  ii:. 

lis 

" 

" 

•' 

^:! 

+  11:! 

;')2 

" 

" 

" 

;')o 

+  112 

(111 

" 

" 

'■ 

.•iO 

+  i(ir) 

:!i 

" 

" 

" 

o.s 

+  1(1.') 

(II 

" 

" 

" 

(IS 

+  1(IS 

:i(i 

" 

" 

" 

(Id 

+  111 

4(1 

.liilv 

" 

]|. 

(i.   ItadclilV 

211 

+  1(1(1 

(Id 

Aug. 

" 

22 

+  10(1 

111 

1  r 

" 

II. 

(J.  UailclilV 
.1.  M'('iirniii 

d.'i 

+    72 

12 

" 

" 

li. 

(i.  KadclilV 

\-  ) 


M  A  (;  x  i:i'  I  ('  (»ijsi:  i;  v  a  i  |(»  n 


ill 


r  II 
Mill 
lf,'ll 

litrl 


On  tlic  nmiinpanyini,'  cliuvt  of  isi)-in;i;,'ii(tic  lines  in  tlir  \ii  initv  nt'  Smith  Striiit. 
ihc  is()j,'()iii('  lines  ai-e  sliown  liy  lull  lin(^;  tiny  deiM nil  uimn  cleMti  i)liMr\eii 
(lecliiiations,  tiiosc  iit  ('aniii  Sipaiatiim  and  I'otati)  ('ainp  were  e\i  luiieil  on  aei  diinl 
nt'  iustninicntal  defect  and  disenrdance,  and  Kane's  determinatinn  at  \an  l!en->e- 
laer  Harhov  (/>  ---  lOS"  \2'  W.,  June,  Is.")  J,  latitude  7s  ■.\r.  Inn-itude  70  ■'>■'<) 
was  admitted  without  covrcetioii  for  secular  chan;j;e,  whieli  is  at  |iresent  ton  iiniirr- 
I'ectly  aUdwii  and  is  certainly  less  tiian  the  errors  to  wliiiii  tlie  nhscrvatinns  are 
lialile. 

The  fiillowini;-  simple  e\iires>ii)U  fur  tlie  di>trihulion  of  tin'  niaLcmtii'  declination 
is  suilicienl  for  our  case: — 

J>  -  />,  +  .''Af/)  +  //A>.  '(,s  (j, 
where 

J)   "  resulting,'  declitnition,  at  ado])teii  epocli  in  latuude  <ji.  loULritude  '/. 
J)^  =  iiU'an  declination  at  c  pocli.  in  mean  latitude  (/;    and  nu'an  lonj,Mtude  >. 
A<j!)   -  <?)— <^o  and  AX       '/.  —  '/.^ 
'l"h('sc>  eleven  observations  <,riv(^  as  many  eiiuations  of  conditions  of  the   form 
U-^  J)^  —  y>  +  .rA0  4- //A/*.  cty.s  <^  from  wliieii  .«•  and  //can  be  eliminat-d  by  the 
ordinary  ])Voc('ss. 

Wi!  And       D^  =  +  m)\f)~i  </,,  =  7S\r)7  ?.^  =.  7.'  .:n 

and  IJ  =  +  101)  .1)7  +  l.Ol  Ac])  +  U.li.")  A/.  "«  t/, 

i)y  means  of  which  ci^uation  tlie  isotonic  lines  for  100  ,  llO'.  and  11")    ha\e  been 
located  on  the  chart;   tlii'  epoch  is  Istil. 

'i'iie  ubst'rvations  an'  re[iresented  as  follows;  — 


oil.-,  rv.l  li. 

r.ii]i|.iii.il  n. 

Ilill.T.' 

Sliirr  MiiMil 

+  1(I'.P.T.'- 

+  11  p.:.; 

l°.so 

Ctiirii  I'liint         ..... 

+  ll(l.l.-) 

+  iii.i'.i 

—  i.;ii 

l.'iiMM-v  Ciiinii       ..... 

+  liii;.ss 

+  l(iii.r.i 

—•J.  71; 

Caiiil)  1  liiwlis      ..... 

+  ll.-..i;:i 

+  ll;i2',t 

+  •.>.:!! 

Cili.'lir  nil   KJiiL'     ..... 

+  ll;i.ss 

+  11 -'.11:5 

+  1.:;:. 

Sciiiisc  Ciuni)       ..... 

-1- 11 -J.  Ill 

+  ll-.>.r);i 

— 0  r.i 

I.il.'it  ('iilii|i           ..... 

+  llis.i;ii 

+  111:1.  IS 

—  ll.'iS 

I'nl'l    Fcllllkc 

+  1  ll.r.T 

-!  lll.iiT 

+  11. Ill 

Niirlliinabii'lMiiil  Ishinil 

+  lllC.dll 

+  1HT.IJ 

—  1  12 

Ncllik 

-i-llM;.SL> 

-1-  llil.iiT 

+  ■.'.-..-, 

\':ili  licli^^iliUT  IliU'lior 

+  llls.-J(l 

-1-  iii.Vi;i 

+  -.M; 

I'robable  error  of  any  single  determination  +  1  .:!.  and  of  any  resnltini;  line  on 
dnirt  +()''. 4  nearly.  'I'hese  lines,  wlieii  prolonged  in  one  direction,  must  neeevsaril) 
|iass  through  the  !.jeo,i4Taphical  pole,  and  in  the  otiur  tliey  extend  to  the  ma^'iielii 
]iole. 


S 


93 


i;  i:c(»iji)  A  M»  r.Ksr  i.Ts  of 


MAOXKTIC   INTKNSITIKS. 

O/isi  ri'ii/i'mis  mill  III  f^iilln. 

\\'.\siiiN(iiiiN,  I>.  r  ,  .fimo,  lsr,2, 
'I'Ik!  follow iiif,'  obsorvatioiis  were  iiiiidc  hy  iiiysclt'  iit  ^^'ilslliIl^ft()ll,  I).  ('  ,  lor  tlic 
f»iiri)()S('  of  (U'tcriiiiiiiiif^  certain  iiistnmiciitiil  constants  n'<iiiircil  I'ur  the  rcdnction 
of  tlu!  intensity  observations  made  by  tlie  expedition. 

The  instrnment  was  received  here  in  May,  lN(i",';   it  had  not  been  nsed  since  its 
retnrn  from  (jreenland. 


JJ(:/( riiu'iKitidii  (if  Mdimiit  iif  liii  illii  of  Itiiiij  ('. 

Diiiiuiisioiis:  Outer  (liiiiML'tur,  :2.;>:iri  iiiilic- t       ,,,  .         ^,     ,,  , 

1 1'liiiMMMliirc,  SI-"  tail. 
Imicr         ■'  I,sl2      "       > 

'NVl'igllt,  h'-lA\-l  vTiliiis 

Moment  of  inertia  A',  —  \  (r  -(-  /•,-)  n-.  "Where  /•  and  /•,  (in   feet)  ('(jnal  outer 

and  inner  radius  and  </•  tlu'  \vei<;ht,  we  find 

1(1^'  /•,        =  o.(;:)77l  III  Nl-  ImiIi. 

lojr  /■,  =  O.CIiTT')  ill  S;") 

tlio  linear  (xpansinn  beinij  O.OOOOIO.")  parts  for  eacli  (Iei,n-ee ;   tlie  tliicKness  of  llie 

rin^  is  0.1  H  inch;  it  is  of  bronze. 

Jji ti riiiiiialioii  of  Miiini itf  nf  Jnni'in  of  Mnijini  Z  0  (tinJ  !/n  A/iiiiii(fiii/is. 
Sliilidii,  ('nasi  Surviy  Ollicc,  ^\'llslJilllrt(>Il,  I).  C'.,  .luiii    1;!,  ls(;j.      I)(lcniiiiiiilii)ii  uC  valur  <il'  diii' 

(livisidH  of  si'ulo  oil  U'lusiKipc. 

Azimuth  cii'cli'.  i        Scale  divisions.        i 

:i'.i.').:J  l''nniiiiii;'  llii'  clilViTciici's  "i'  lnur 

r,4,l     I   17""  ±1    1.")  ■  =  la:is.,s  (li^i^ s  or 

;')7.').,"i     J    1  division  =  I'.Ol  I 
L>ilS..|     I 

Tlio  a/imuth  circle  reads  in  tlie  direction  from  S.  towards  W.,  and  an  iiicrr'ase  of 
scale  reading  (on  telescope)  corresponds  to  an  east  mo\('meiit  of  the  north  end 
of  the  maji;net. 

('lian<fe  of  magnetic  moment  of  deflecting  magnet  (Z  0)  for  1°  of  tem])eratnre, 
7  -  -  ().(l()()-2. 

l;.\l'l-:ilIMKNTS  OK   \'im!.\TION  S  K.'l'    1 

MiifriU'l  Z  II  siisiM'iulcil.     t'linmoim'tcr  Kcsscls  1217,  I'asl  of  incaii  liiiii'  2''  ."i2"',  jriiiiis  diiily  D". 

Cliai'lcs  A.  Sclioll,  oliscTvrr. 


.^.°  17' 

'_>ll" 

Is' 

■.'0" 

;!iio..s 

'.1     1  (i 

L'O 

17 

III) 

:>'X:> 

0    ;;:! 

40 

;i4 

■10 

rp7'.I.O 

5      l:> 

lO 

li'> 

110 

.•ail.  7 

Nil.  of  vilirations. 
0 


to 
(;o 

so 

1 110 
i>(Mi 
.'iOO 
.'i-'O 

;mo 
:i(;o 
:{so 

400 


•2''    '.','"'  4!)M) 

:w  .07.7 

40  (ICC, 

4 1  1 1;.  1 
4-2  24.7 
4:i  :•.:!.() 
4".l  is.  II 
."■i')  o;i.7 
;m;  12.i; 

.■)7  22.11 

Tis  ;il.ii 

.•■ill  40.1 

;i    00  40  1 


I'lni'iTituri' 
s.-,     fall 


Ksti' 


11"  siali'  ivailiiii 
V.I  ami  211 


:iiMi  vil.'iis  at  S4='.0. 


'.land 


17'"  14".  7 
14.9 
15.4 
14.9 
15.4 
15.5 

1 7     1  r..  1 :! 


M  A  (i  N  K'l'l  ('   u  lis  i:  i;  \  A  T  lo  N 


;»;! 


t'uflliriclll  (if   lnr~ioM, 


TitlK.  circlo. 

2(n 


ST 


Tiiiri'i 


;i(ll.(;  imd  -I'Xk 


uio 


111 


•2'Xi 


•J'.II.S 


( (iiviTvcil  till !'  :',ii(i  \ iii'ii-,      In:;.")'.  1:1 


'riiiH'  111'  mil'  viliniii 
(.'iirivi'iiuii  111!'  vaU' 


Chi  I 


i;.iij 


1.1  mill  «lii'ii  I'liiTi'i-lril  I'ur  (nr-^iiiii  ninl  ri 


L'mcl  lo  U'lllp.    ^.i   ,       /;/ 


/,/■/■■  =  I.(i7.'i'i7 


Menu  (or   I)  .  .  .      -J,  l:!    =  •!'.]:> 

l"xi'i:iir>i:;v'i's  111'  A'liiitATioN.         Srt  •_',  wiili  iiiri'iiii  i'iii'_'. 


Nil.  iif  vilinitiimji. 
0 

•to 

CO 

MO 

100 

i:.o 

170 

I '.III 

210 

2:io 
•2M 


4''  o'.i"  ^r.-j 

li  :;i'..o 

l:i  111,:; 

ICi  o:!..'i 

is  ic.c, 

•JO  :;ii.s 

■.>r.  iii.il 

2S  IT.o 

;!o  ;!l.H 

:',■>  I.".,:. 

:!  I  O'.I,  I 

:;;  1;;t 


Ti'iii|H'nitiii'i'.        I'i.\tn'iiii'sr.'ili'  ri'.Tliiii^s.      IfiH  rili'in  :it  •■ 


hi;"  Full. 


SI.O 


;i.M;  iiiiil  '.'n; 


Mi'iiii 


li,'"  II -.'.1 
II  II 
I J  .1 
I'.'  II 
ij  ^ 
II  '.1 

h;     I'J.dJ 


('oi'llii'irlit  of  loi'^ioii. 


T, 

IS.  circle'. 

Sc:il,.. 

I 

ill 

■let), 

cs. 

177^ 

J'.is.j  Mini  :;ii-J,.'i 

'•  1' 

Ml 

:;ii:;.s        liiii 

: 

0." 

n7 

j'.i:!,."i         :'.ii:'. 

l.X 

177 

:;iil.ii         -J'.i',! 

1 

.Mciiiid). 

J.,-< 

=  J'.^:; 

i:.\i'i 

IMMI 

NTS  III 

■  \'ll'.ll.\' 

Nm 

lit'  vilir;iti 
0 
•JO 
40 
CO 
!S0 

ins. 

Tim.'. 

1''    17'"  07'.:! 
4s     li;  1 
r.i    -j.'i.:; 
."lo    :;i,7 

ol      |:!,7 

T. 

1 
1 

in|iciMtiir 

100 

r.j    oj.i; 

200 

;'),s     ;!,S,."i 

220 

o'.i     .I7,'; 

210 

.')     nil    oi'ii; 

2C 

J    ii."i,."i 

1 
1       . 

2.S0 

;;    117 

1 

aoo 

■1     :::;.'.,• 

-\ 

()l|o.|'\,.,|    liiiir    of     l.'ill    iili'llv  ■_'     llj 

Til r  mil'   ulil'lllioll,  li  li^iil 

r.iri'Lrliiiii  lor  mil',  _(i,iiiiii! 


T. 


r,  117 '.17 


iiiiij  u  lirii  I'oi'i'c'iliil  Tor  l.n'-ioii, 

/./7r  =  l,i;i:'7: 


Sri  :;, 

JAliviMc  s,.,ili.  r.'i.liii..'-.     -00  vii.'n-  ;il  ^:'. 


IP"  ■:.]-. -2 
:;i  ."i 
:;i  :; 
:;ii  ■< 
::i  II 
;!l,:! 


!l  mill  jmm; 


Mi;ili 

Olisi'i'vi'il  tiiuc  of  JOil  viliralinii 
'riiiiL'  ol'  mil'  viKnilioii 

('ol'l'rclimi   lo)'  l';ll('    , 


7' 
Ami    wlirii  nirrri'lnl  I'm-  loi'-ii.Hi  iini 

1!V    Sl'l     I     Ul'    llllVC 


I  ri'l'crrril  lo  s,"r    Full 


Mciiii 


II  :;l,H 
(i'.il  ,H 
:i,  |."i."i'.l 

—(I.IIIMlJ 


/./7'--   1,07 
/./'/'■'-=  1,07 


1  ii7i;ii 


M\ 


f 

lii 

1 

1           - 

! 

i 

i 

; 

1 

1 

84 


\\  i:((>it  !•  A  N  I)  i!  i:si;  i,ts  of 


Th'-  irliiti.Mi  A'      A'  (  J  ,.)  ^'ivcs  A//— (».l!)!)7-,> 

W'c  Iiavc  tlii'iTforc  /./  (rt'V.O  =  1.1!)4()'2  for  ti-iiiix  riitiirc  S.")^  Fiili.,  and  laKiiit;'  tlic 
rocHiciciit  ')f  «'\i)aiisi()ii  of  steel  -  O.dOOOOdS  we  liiid  iiImi  A/  (n7.)  LlDiJlN  for 
leiniMVatiire  (.■)'. 

/)<  frni)!iio/!nit  (if  ,]fiif/>ii /!f  MniiKiil  iif  Z  (i  <iiiil  I  if  llii   lliiri::iii:liil  luirn. 

\',\\tvn Ills  (jrilcllcciiiiii.     .Iiiiji'  l;i,  1^(;2.     Miiu-nri  /  Ci  ilrdrciiiiu:  ul  riu'lil  nii^lc^  lo  iikiuihI  /  I 

Mis|i(iiiliMl.      I)i(l(i'liii},' (lisliilicc  l..;."i  leil,' 
Cin'lc  MiiliiiL's,  1  T' d'".     Ti'iiiiici-iiliirc,    s."(°. 
M.iKiiia.  NdHli  Mini.  Ord.^r.  A.  II.  i)i,l,.r. 


V. 


AV. 


i:. 

w. 

i; 

\v 

i:. 


K. 

\v. 
w 


1 


7    ."I'  (III"      :!/    m" 
7     :\-l     :!o        :!;!     |ii 


■O    ;  7    ;::!     li»        :il     lo 
.Mciiii,     7     :!:i.7 


■1        \"  :v    lir 
I         1    :i    (H) 

1      (i.!.."> 


;r    ID" 
I    (III      I 


'.'»  =  (i^ ;'.()  ,2 


7    :;7    (III 
7    od    (III 


;!s    (III 
:;i;    m 


I    ;!    4(1    I    I     10 


Id 


.Menu,     7     .'ill. '.I 

.\t  IT'  :V1"'  Trmiirrnliin',  x:," 

Line  of  (Irtul'siiiM,  177'' 


1    ;i    -lo 

1    ,".    Id 
i~(ii.i 


.^1    (Id 
I    4d 


•111  =  «    ;!2.s 
!/  =  ,j     i;'),7;i 


Iwir  fli{>  (Ic-tevniiiuition  of  tli(^  coefricifMit  /'(lep(>n(liii;j:  iipnn  the  (listrilmti;)!!  of  tlic 
free  inayiietisni  in  tlie  inat^nc'ts,  we  luivc  scnch  sets  of  ohservatidiis  of  deHeetioiis  at 
distances  of  1.0  (in  one  case*  of  ().!>)  iind  of  1,:^  foot.  \\y  means  of  tlie  distances  ;• 
and  /■,  and  the  correspondin;.^  anglo^  of  deflection  ii  and  /',  we  have 


P=  — 


r:  '^ni  n,  —  ;•  sni  n 


The  ol)ser\ations  themsehcs  will  he  fonnd  in  their  nroner  place  in  this  iiaii 


proper  p 


1' 


ii-r. 


1,111  ality. 

Dato. 

r 
f«et. 

u 

feet. 

"i 

" 

CillilliriilL'i', 

ISCd, 

.liilv 

;; 

1.0 

11° 

:!ii' 

vi"  ,    l.:i 

4° 

:!(■ 

I.V 

— ddi:..". 

I'un   iMiiilkc, 

l.sCI. 

.liilv 

.) 

(l.'.» 

411 

:>-2 

;j(;       i.:{ 

14 

:!i) 

■J.T 

4(1.(1(111 

" 

" 

" 

7 

1.0 

;u 

M 

41 

I.;i 

IT) 

l:! 

;'.! 

— d.dridc, 

" 

" 

" 

s 

1.0 

:!.•{ 

ri.s 

lid 

l.:i 

\ry 

OS 

(IS 

— (i.(i(;(i7 

II 

" 

■' 

11 

1.0 

:{i 

n 

01 

1..) 

15 

■Jl 

.'li! 

— 11  (isrii 

I"|irrillivili, 

.\liu-list 

k; 

1.0 

•2i\ 

'.>i 

2n 

l.:i 

11 

•  >7 

>)''i 

+  (i.(i(i."i7 

(  JnlllKlVII, 

.S('|)lciii 

Iter  7 

1.0 

ill 

!■) 

:J8 

l.:j 

,S 

Till 

r.i 

— d.OoM' 

Alcim 

— (i.(i:;'m 

This  larii'e  \alne  of  /'  is  occasioned  Iiy  the  fiii't  tlnit   the  two  magnets  are  of 
eipial  size. 


'    ('(.rrrrliuli  fni-  ilflVct  uf  wiiiiilcli  Si-iilf  +  (ilKHi;!  foot. 


pun 


M  A  (i  N  i:  11  (■ 


or, >  i:  li  \  .\  r  i  n.\ 


'I'lii'  liuii/iinlul  Inric  ,\'  luid  ll 


i'i'*iiii  tlic  t'iniiul. 


If  laiii^nii  lie  ludiiicut  ///  ni  iii;i''mt  /  (i  ,  aif  iilil;iiiH  d 


A'-- 


7t"i 


iihd 


/     -///  // 


(-:j 


'    III    liilililiuli    In    \\\v    iiImjvc    oh-rrvalinii-    iil    Wii-liiii^rlnii,    |    |i;ivi>    iii.ul.'    ll 
uujiiil.-i  cnliiiiiiji  ll,  iViPiu  whii'li  ur  ulihiiii  iiii  iii(|(|Mii(|('iit  re, -nil 


IV    I'llluUill'.'    Willi    I  III 


Kxi'HltlMK.NT.s  (Pl'    |)Kn.i;rT|(i\.>v      .liiiic   I  I,   IsHi        .MiiL'IKl    '/.   1   (I 


/  C, 


(•lli'clitij;  lit  ri.L'liI  iilrjlr-  |.i  iiLrjiiil 


-n-jMiiilcil,     DiilcriiMf.' (Ilsiiiiicc  l,;i  I'lKii  (cnriMiMiuii  +  ii.iiiMi:;) 
Till'  irc'drd  niiil  urdir  nl  nlL-crviiticns  mv  ilic  siuiic  as  in  llir  sil  dt'  (lilliciiun,  Ln\(;ii  in  ihr 


U'.vt,  iiiid  ui'u  111  re  "ivfii  III  a  ninn'  cuinlfM-ril  rurm 


;>0     IKI 
fill     :!0 


)!i     L'li 


Si't  1. 

'217"  (s  '20  ' 

K.     K.     '217  r,i  -20 

'217  IS  10 

'217  I"!  2') 

«V,    i:.     '217  17  20       ;      |.S     20 

liiiic  of  tl,'|iir,-i(iii  '21 1^ 

i'it'l  '2.  Kisliini'c  I  font. 

LTil-  in;'    111"         lit;'    iii' 

!■;.     Iv     2."il  07  (10            lis     III) 

2.")1  IIS  :)o       ,     o'.i     :;(i 

W.    K,     2:1 1  12  (10       I      1:;     on 

2a  1  12  a'.i       j      II     00 


II"  Al'^ 


21:.'     I::'    I- 
W.     2  12      It      ll 


2  12      12     nil 


I  I 


I       .'lO 


W,     -12      I 


o     00  III     ;;ii 


212      In     no 


1''  III'" 
ll'    on'"  ;i|'    -Jo' 

ll       00         I      ;'i|        III 


'rrlii|i,    >i;      l''ali 


"  =  o     .;.!     11; 


'I'l'lllll      «I0 
'I'lMlll.    '.I  I 

2p'  =  I2    |i; 


10      I 


2:!s     r,7     oil 
2nS      .'.s      (Ml 


.7      (10      j 

IS     211  2"  =  12     I.-.     1: 


'2'  10"'  ;   lit  Iciiio.  '.lij 


Fniiii  iliiv-c  ili'flcciiiins  wo  (iml  /'  =  — (i.iil:;i;:i  uinl  Ij  "[  =  >-  7:,:;>l 


iN'n.  <if 

Vill'llS. 


20 

40 

('ill 

SO 

1(10 

loO 

170 

ItIO 

210 


•250 


E.NPK.IUMIA..>  or   \'lllll.\T|n\.       .liriP'    li;,    \^l'.->. 
.Mii,i;-iii't  /   1  sii-iii'iiilnl,      ll,    fiiu  niiH>  ('.      Clirniiuiii  ■!,  1-  I2--7,  uiiiii-  r,   u  ,|;i 


5''    17'"">2'.0 

20  2:!..i 

22  r,-i.H 

25  27.0 

27  t,s.H 

;jo  ;io.:i 

:!(;  411.0 

•■i'.i  21,8 

41  02.5 

44  24.0 

41;  55.8 

40  27.  S 


'I'l'in 


lv\tri'iiii'     l;'ii  vilmti' 


at  71 


rfailiin; 
240 


21;;') 
!     iiikI. 


OliMl'Vcll    lime   nf   |."ill  u'li'li,.     I  I.17-  ■_>:, 


'I'lllir   III'   nllr    \  ilil'illj 

Corrrciiuu  I'lir  nuo, 


7  •'I'-li; 
— o.ooiil 


7..'is|2 

ll     ullill    inlTI'Clnl    f.ir     Inisimi     nml 


ivlri'ird  to  s;i     7    I'. ill 


/;/7V-   1  71.1: 


Ml' 


Is 


I    I 


;  I!  iMo  i;  It  A  N  i>  I!  i;s  r  i,t.<  o  i' 

( 'iilllliillili;,'  llir  (Irilri'tidlis  VNJlli   llic   vilirtltidllH,  We  Hint 

l''niMi  tir,-l  Ml      .\  —  l,J"^ll     Mini  III  ^i  o.Diiiij  III  ^'i     r.ili 
I'lnm  iuM  .-n  \. :>;'.>  (I,:i(l.')7 

.Mian,     I.'J^;;  o.;)(m;(| 


N...  ..f 

Vill  ll». 

Tiiii 

', 

T 1 

0 

11''     1  ■>'" 

4S".") 

7s'"' 

ii\ 

II 

iMj.r. 

40 

ir. 

•>:>.» 

(ill 

Hi 

4.1,  :l 

H(l 

IH 

1)1.  ti 

IIMI 

1',) 

111,11 

L'IMI 

i.'."> 

rid.'i 

II-.MI 

-21 

1  (•..'•> 

L>tll 

•>H 

j.s.:i 

•M) 

J)C| 

4(;..^ 

•.'NO 

:ii 

(!.">,  0 

:;iM) 

■M 

2;!.H 

7S" 

.MiiL'iiii.  Z  I  .•.ii-|iriiilc'i|  willi'Mil  I'iiiy 

Kxtri'iMi'     :;iiii  viliralUui.s 
I.         (iL'iilo  lit  7'"  . 


I'l'.'lilill^.S. 

^70 
niiij 
:i:;'i 


I.'i'" 

(liMI 
III.O 

(i;i.;! 

anil 

(i;!.L' 

llllll 

ii:;  1 

.■il.-) 

Ol.f, 

Oli.-i'i'vrd  llllll'  of  2110  \ili'ii>,  7s;!'.:i7 

Til il'  oiif  viiiniiiiiii,  .'i.'.ih'iS 

Ciirrrrtiiiii  Inr  niir,  — IMIIIO-J 

:i.!iliii; 

Mini    ulli'll     I'lil'ri'l'iril     I'l.i'    liil'sji'll    llllll 
fl  lllTl  l|    III    »',!   '    7     l''llll 

/,/•/■-.=  1  ls7i|o 


Mrnii 


:!    o:;..'i7 


\Vi 

liiiil  /;//■,  =  (i.i;:',77',i            111  s',i 

/;//;    =  II.  l!)X|i:i                  fur  Z 

/;/  /;(A'  =  D.IIO.Vm 

A'  =  l.:!iM      llllll  III  =  0 

0,l':;i  J  111   '-'.I   .7   I'ali.  ;    liia-lii't  /    I 

T inpiii'i'  tlio  nliiivo  viiliips  fm-  Ilir  linrizimtnl  fm uiili  .■^iiiiilur  (Irtcniiiinilioiis  at  \Vii.-liiii(:luii, 

I  limr  ^rivrli  n  ('c)lii|pli'l('  liilili'  uf  iir.iills,  ii.-i  far  rs  kimwii  In  iiii'.  Sic  l'.  S  ('oust  Survey  I!('|miiI 
(if  I  si; I,  ApiM'iidi.x  X.  22,  also  Cna.-;!  Survey  Iti'iiorl  nl'  Isr,:!,  I^'rimi  my  iili.scrvatiiPiiH,  in  l.s")S,  In 
eiinnei'liiiii  with  Kaiie'.s  Aretie  IvNiieilitinii,  I  ileilnee  A' =  4.2'i'i;  mill  fur  l.si'ij..")  we  liave  tin;  ini'iin-i 
III'  llio  liiree  valni's  inveii  iiliove,  or  4.L".iii. 


CoiiiiiU'ti 

tulilc  of  linri/.DDtiil  inteii,sit 

cs  (k'tcriuliR'il  nt  M'lish 

in^rtnii,  D.  C. 

Nn. 

Y.'nr. 

ObservBr. 

Locality. 

A" 

No. 

Yo.-ir. 

OliaiTvur. 

Liii'.ility. 

A- 

I 

|s|2..^ 

hcfriiy 

('a|iitiil  (ii'iinnil.s 

4,:i47 

10 

|s.-,i;.7 

Selioll 

('nasi  Sur.  Ollioo 

4.;!ii'.i 

•2 

1.S44.,') 

Ldi'ke 

(ieiiruelnwil 

i.-2s-2 

II 

|s."iri.7 

Capitiil  (Jriiiiiiils 

4. 'ins 

3 

1.S44..') 

il 

Capilul  (irminils 

4..;i:! 

12 

|s.-,s.;{ 

Cniist  Sur.  Ollieo 

4.2■..^ 

4 

1S44,."> 

11 

.Mai;.  Olis'v,  ('|it. 

I.'_'S2 

l.{ 

l,s:.!i.r, 



4.;iil7 

,'•) 

|S4.^).2 

Loo 

('iia,'it  Sur.  Olllce 

4.240 

14 

|,si;ii.7 

II       11        11 

4.:iP.. 

I'l 

|S4.^,1I 

" 

11         11         i> 

4.2:i:! 

15 

|s(;2.ri 

,1 

4.-",ir, 

7 

is:)!.;-) 

Dean 

(Jeorfrotnwn 

4.22!l 

III 

|s(;2.i; 

• 

4.2!iri 

s 
11 

|sr,-,.7 
ls;i.j.7 

Seliiitt 
" 

SinitliMoiiinn  Inst, 
Oeorgelowii 

4.:i:is 
4.2ri(i 

17 

isi;;i.(; 

1853.G 

1.       II        It 

4.2S2 

— 

— 

Mean 



4.287 

Mean.  oi 

iiilliiii;'  ( 

eiirLi-etnwn  vaiiie.< 

4.2'.ir) 

Till 


ilui'.s   were  (letennineil   witli  ilillireiit    instniineiits  anil   iiiati'iiets  ;    tlie   A'  at   (ienryetii' 


lioiijhts  appears  Id  be  siiialler  tliun  the  Wasliliigtnn  value  proper  (tlie  twn  [m.-itiuiis  are  4  iiiile.s  iiparl) 


M  A  (J  \  i;  T  r  c  ()  It  s  i:  u  v  a  t  i  o  n  s. 


t)7 


(•lIsKltVATlliNM  AT  ( '.X  MMlclln.K,    M  ' 


.llllv   :l,   I  Mil) 


lliirviinl  Collcjfi!  (Hisciviiiiirv      A    ShhiiIiil',  uliscrvir 
ExiicriiiiiiiU  nf  \  Ihnitiim.     Mi.friict  /  r,  Ml^|M■n<l(  .1      'I'inif  imt.d  I,)-  si.li'ri'iil 


I'lu'iJiiuuii'tir  liiiiiJ 


•JI'C. 

T('iii|ii'niiiiiT,  Ifi" 

I'liii 

N(i.  of  vlli'n. 

loft  to  riglit. 

No.  of  vili'ii. 

Li.ft  to  riglil. 

I'iiiio  of  TiO  iloutilu 
viliritliuiirt. 

0 

V>"   IS"' ;.;!". 2 

;i(i 

I'S'  '.',")'"  (I'.i-  7 

cr  li;-.'. 

1 

lit      (MIS 

.M 

17  1 

Ii;,:i 

2 

OS  ;i 

r.j 

•J  IS 

ii;.;. 

Sot   1 

3 

ir..s 

f.;i 

;!j.-j 

KM 

'rinio  ijI'  11 

Inlldll 

4 

'2,'i.a 

f)i 

;iit.7 

l(i.5 

vil)'ii,  T., 

l'J',1)) 

5 

;i(i.s 

M 

17. ;i 

Ki.r, 

0 

;!s.3 

f.ii 

r.ts 

1 0.  (i 

1 

•ir).M 

r>7 

jii    (i2.:i 

ic.r. 

8 

M,;i 

r,s 

dll.S 

1(1.5 

0 

2U     (HI.  11 

i"i'.( 

I7.;t 

1(1.4 

10 

(IS.  a 

CO 

•J  IS 

1  (>.  i; 

Moiui  t;     Iti.  IS 

<  Arc  III  rriilllllflllciiM'lll  »    I'llliiini    Hill 
i  "       lllil  )    I  Ml  1JII 


.  of  vil>'ii. 

niKiit  to  ixft. 

No.  of  vlli'ii. 

Kiillil  to  loft. 

TImo  of  .'.n  ,1(nil.lo 
viliratioiH, 

0 

ioii  211"'  4'.i".ri 

,Ml          1 

2''  27'"  (i(;".;i 

(!'"  hl'.S 

1 

fi7.2 

:>\ 

l.t.S 

1  It.  t'l 

9 

21     (M.S 

52 

21.2 

1(1.1 

8 

l'.'.;i 

f.;{ 

2  s.  s 

l(!.5 

4 

20.1). 

r.i. 

:t(!.2 

1(1.2 

5 

27.1 

;>:> 

i:(.;i 

1(1.5 

0 

;t;..ii 

fill 

51.2 

1(1,2 

t 

42.ri 

57 

511.  (J 

1(15 

8 

Ml  1 

5S 

2s    (ii;.:i 

1(1.2 

9 

r-7.7 

511 

II  II 

1(1, •{ 

10 

22     (t;"i.2 

0(1 

21.5 

1(1.  ;t 

Mciin 


Arr  lit  roiiiiiiciiiiMioMt  {  170  iiiiil  ■l;!5) 

"     fiitl  i  I'M)         410) 
Tiiiu'  (if  2  vihraliiiii.-i,  7.52S',) 

L'urri'ctioii  fur  riitc,  — 0.02()(J 


(S     1(1.41 


(By  sets  I  uiid  2), 


7.508^ 


Sri 
'rime  iif  II 
V  iliratiMii 


ilmiMo 

ir52s2 


K.XPKRIMRNTS  OF  VlllUATIONS,  colltilUlCi)       Ti'in|icrilliiri',  7  1='  Fall 
No.  of  viliratiou,  I.cft  to  riKlit.  Timu  of  a'li  lUuililu  vilir.itioii.f, 

201)  12''    4;!'"  5'.l'..'!  "r.m 


201 
202 

2o;{ 

204 
205 

20(; 

207 
208 
201) 
210 


:! 


44  (1(1.8 
14.4 
22.7 
211.2 
36.1) 
44.3 
51.9 
51)4 

45  07.0 
14.(1 


Art',  252  and  338 


Oil".  I 
011.0 
06,1 

on.  9 

00.0 
00.1 
00.1 
00.1 
00.1 
015.1 
0(i.4 


Mt'iin,      25     0(1.18 


Sot  3 
Tiuiij  of  a  iliMililc  vilii'iitJDn, 
7".5;J00 


13      June,  1806. 


w 


mm 


iKiMtt 


!)H 


I!  NCd  I!  It    A  N  l»    i;  i:s  I    I,  IS    (I  I' 


I'iXI't.lllMKNTM  iiK   \'lllU.\ili>Nh,  roiilililKil       'I'l  lii|M'nillU  t;  1i      lull 


i>r  vil'riitliiii, 
>JOl 

'J(i:i 

'jo:. 


kikIii  i»  i..'rt, 


I  J"    I.' 


m;-  (I 


III 

|H,M 

!i:i,  s 
ll.-l 

4  H.N 

(II  (I 


Tinii'  iifiiiii  iliMililii  ul>riilluua, 

(Ml  .^ 
{MM 
iM.ft 

on.g 

0(1.4 
OB.S 
00.8 
OA.I 
0«.8 


.>^rl    I 
TiliM  III  a  ilmililc  >|lirali 
7-.M1II 


L'lo  II  I  on.s 

.\iv  J.Mi  mill  .no  .Miiiii,     L'."i    (m;.:i,i 

'I'iliir  iif  'J  vilii'iiliipii-i  ...        T.'i.'ilJ 

Ciim't'tiiiii  t'lif  rulf     ....  — (Mii'iMi 

II)'  SI'tH  :)  Ullll  4.  .  .  ,  7. .'l  I'll',    IM'j^'lil     I 

lly  M'ts  I  anil  2,  .         .  7..'"iii'^:i  wiinlil  I 

iT'=  .         .  T.'ilOl  111  74     I  lull 

2''—    .       .       .  ;i.7'ir.(i 

Ami  will  II  rciririhcj  fill'  liil'.-iipli  .'lliil  I'l'frrn'il  In  li'liHicnillll'i'  "'JM'i  /;/'/'■  —   I   I  r.i'i'. 

Oii.'^ri'Viitiiiii.-  lor  'riir.^ioii. 


Tor. 

I'ir. 

Hriil... 

llill'ilrinoit 

ir.! 

'> 

•Jlis.d  Mini 
;iiis 

:uis..H 

:;i;i 

:;(i:.' 

11.  M 
17.(1 
lll.ll 

I'll 

1 

211.^ 

:A■^ 

Mean  (1) 

.     s.V, 

J 


KxiKllIMKNT.^i  OF  pKFI.KiTlo.V.      .July  ;i,   I  SHI) 
Mii.i-'iicl  /  Ci  ilillrcliliff  ;   Z  I  Slisiii'liilnl.      Dislilliri'  1.(1  loot.      'ri'lil|irialiiir,  '■^'3, 


Ma^iivt. 
f^.  I'liil  rust 
N.     "    wi'sl 
1^       "       " 

.N.     "    c'li.-l 


N.  end  cast 


Circlo  ri'iiilliig. 
Mf)"  .'■p4'    20"   • 
11,^.      \:,      40 
l:>i;      1(1      10 
li'H    •2:\    00 


Sit  1. 

11     .(.  ,.,,    ...,    ,„    ^    I.    :i,.  U2   = . 


:<i'    40" 
4;".     40 


00 


Wl'St 


cast 


|)i.'<laiici'  l..'i  fool.     'rrni|ii'raliin',  72 
i:!l     l.'i    00  i::    40 


i:!l      H     20 

140      .11      00 
140      lit      110 


4 '.I      (10 


;t.')    (10 


l:il     4(;    (10 


no 


;i    :!o 


s    4H  ;io 
I     21    1.") 


Kiimi  ///  w/.\'=-0.()401!» 


111(1      /-/  S!)-J!)!)!) 

•'     A' 


vv  Hiiii  .V  -.  ;j.()(n' 


iiid 


III  = 


=  0.8070  at  r.\° 


'  For  roiii|iarisnn  tin'  following  four  viihn's  were  talicii  from  tlic  Coa.-t  .Sui'vi'v  Mrport  of  Iscl, 


Aiiiifiidix  >o.  22      ('uiiil)riilgi'  <p  =  42-  2;{'  ami  x  =  71'  07' 


Year. 
1S42.,'-) 
l.S4  2,S 

1H4.'-...'') 
iMfiCli 

Iscd  r, 


Obsurvurfi. 
I 


iirKi' 


l.ffrov 
Locke 
Fiic'^-acli 

.■^onillap- 


:!.i;.-i7 
.'!.(;(■.,') 
;!.(;i8 

:i542 

;i.(io7 


.M  .\)!  N  i;  lie  u  jisi'i;  v  \  iin  ns 


m 


iiMlmii 


isdl, 


Proven,  NniiTil  (i'it»:>:f«i.\M.,  ,\ii'.'ii  I,  HCi) 
•Miiirml  /  I  ■ii^iMiiilril  '     A    Siiriiiiiij.',  oIkitvii'.      .\iij.'ii^i  '.t  I'  M 


S.I  1. 

Vilii'iitl 

'111. 

2(i(»  vllinill.iii. 

. 

1..  to  U.        0 

2''   (HI'"  12'.(» 

211(1 

2''    21'"llli.*S 

21"  27VS 

II.  Ill  l„        1 

|M,5 

2(11 

411.  S 

2<*ll 

1,.  til  11.       2 

2'i.(l 

2112 

.'ill.O 

2"«  II 

It.  til  1..       It 

lll.lt 

2(111 

r.ii 

27  7 

1..  til  II.       4 

117.  H 

2(1 » 

22     (i.').& 

27.7 

It.  Ill  1,.       f) 

tits 

2II.-I 

I2.H 

2IMI 

1,.  tn  It.        *i 

.'ills              2llli 

IS.H 

as.o 

It.  to  1..         7 

ri7.2         2(17 

2.VH 

<JS.ll 

iiiii)  vilinitiiiiiK  - 

pjss'.ad 

1,    to  11,        H 

Ol     (iil.li     j     2(is 

112.0 

as.T 

1     \|lll'llliH|| 

i;  iiiii 

II    III  t,.         11 

tili.s     :     you 

IIM.M 

81M> 

1,.  I<i  II.       Ill 

111  2     '     2111 

11  !l 

2M7 

Alv;    1 

■|2  iiiiil  l.il                2H  111 

i|  I!  1.1          .Mi'illi, 

21     2X.II2 

It  (1  riiii 

Si'l  2. 

Vllil'llliolH. 

1,.   In  B.      lill 

2''   (111'"  2t'.fl 

a.'iii 

2''    24'"  'ill"..'> 

21'"  2'<VU 

II.  til  1..    :il 

IIII.S 

2ltl 

2.'i     (12 

III. 2 

.>..  til  11.    :i2 

Il7.ri 

2112 

(1(1.8 

Sll.ll 

II.  til  L.    :i;i 

tl.O 

2ltlt 

i.\(t 

It  1.0 

1,.  til  11.    lit 

.Ml.  2 

2111 

Ills 

21111 

2IIII  viliriiiinii><  =5 

I21III"  nil 

It.  to  I..     H.'i 

:<r,.:, 

2n.'i 

27. s 

111.11 

1   Villl'llliull 

(1. 1.'i2il 

I,,  tij  It.    ijii 

Ill     ii:i.2     '     211(1 

112.  s 

211.(1 

It.  til  I,.     H7 

(111.2     1     2117 

4(l.'t 

III  (i 

I,,   to  It.       IIS 

l.^.S         2IIS 

4.V8 

Itll.O 

11.  Ill  1,.    im 

22.  (.     1     21111 

ri:l.7 

111.7 

1,.  Ih  II.       Ill 

2S.1I          2111 

iii'i.tt 

nil.  1 

.\iv:    1 

>^ii  mill  112               222  III 

ii  niiii      Mi'Mii, 

•Jl     ::ii:i'.i 

Il  41     I'nii 

Sel  1!. 

Vilirnlimis, 

1,.  to  11         0 

2''    nil'"  '2'^'  2 

2011 

2''   .'il'"  ■i."iV:l 

21"'ii:i   1 

11.  Id  1.         1 

211,11 

2111 

0-1    01.7 

112.7 

1,.  Ill  II         -2 

II.Ml 

2112 

(is.d 

1)2.4 

It.  to  1,         It 

II. 11 

2(111 

It.H 

;tll.2 

1,.  to  It.         1 

1  s  2 

2(11 

21.0 

112.  s 

2110  villlMliHll-    - 

12' 12- 72 

It.  to  1..         .'l 

;i^,  1 

2(1.'') 

27  1 

•  I'J.  •> 

1  ^ilir.ilhiii 

i;  ir,;;i; 

1,.  to  11,       r, 

111     III.  11 

21  Ki 

Ulil 

112  7 

II,  lo  1,.       7 

117.11 

207 

4il.ll 

1127 

1..   Ill  11           s 

11.2 

20S 

47,11 

112. M 

II.  Ill  1,          !• 

L'll.S 

•!ir.i 

fill.  2 

112.4 

1.  Ill  11.     Ill 

2T  II 

Llii 

:'ill.S 

112.  s 

.\l'r  :     I  11  Mill! 


22^  mill  :;i:h 


MiMII.    21 


1 1  .'I'.r  Full 


Sft  1, 

to  It. 

ItO 

to  1,. 

111 

lo  It. 

It  2 

to  1,. 

lilt 

Ill  It. 

111 

\  liii'iili 

HIS. 

11(1'.  7 

2110 

42.  S 

211 1 

.''ill 

2112 

(i:i 

•.':i  1 

."iS"! 

OS" 

o 

hi. 

21 

2S 
:iil 

S 

II.  til  1.. 

I.,  lo  It. 

II.  to  I,. 

I,.  Ill  II. 

II.  Ill  1.. 

I..  Ill  II. 


117 
Its 


40 


oil 


2S 
I!.") 


lo.s 
4  7 


II.  s 


41.S 


21111 
2111 


2^"lll^.^ 

112.1 
It  1.0 
112.0 

llo.s 
Ills 
Ill.O 
lll.S 

Ills 


il.ll 


20(1  viliriil 


mii- 
\ilinilii<ii 


|-.'!ll'.'"il 

r.  I.'i77 


Arc:   1;J8  ami  470 


2S  1111(1  It.iil 


21     Iil.ri4  at  IJIF  V: 


>  That  Z  1  was 


SU.sllCllllcil   l.s  lll'llV 


I'll  ul.'^ii  liy  till'  rusiiUiiifr  -V;  Z  li  might  tn  iuivi'  liriii  sii.<|ioiuloil 


J  I' 


■.!! 


1.00 


llECOUn    AND    RESULTS   or 


The  mean  of  four  sets  gives  1  vibration  {\A^)'-M  at  UP  Kali,  'riu-  vahn^  of  ii>  for 
/  1,  as  dotcrminod  at  Washington  at  Si)°.7,  ^  (».'i:}4'2,  at  40=  it  boromcs  0.2;5(ir); 
wo  liave  also  hj  (nV.)  =  1.192:39  at  8!)°.7,  and  1.19-209  at  40°.  Correcting  for  tor- 
sion we  find  Itj  inX—  9.57134  and  A''=  1.576. 

Port  Foulke,  Smith  Strait. 

Observations  at  the  I'urt  Foulko  Observatory. 

Set  1.     Deflections.     3"  Ji'.r  P.  M.,  July  2,  I8f>l. 

Magnet  Z  1  suspended,  Z  C  dcflectin;;;  disliineo  1.3  fool. 


Magnet. 
E. 


W. 


W 


E. 


E. 


W. 


W 


North  eiiil. 

Circle. 

E. 

38°  52'    40" 

41 

38     54     00 

w. 

10     00     40 

11 

10     04     00 

11 

y     40     20 

II 

!)     42     10 

E. 

3!t     2  It     20 

H 

39     2(i     40 

M 

Set  2.        Dcdections. 

E. 

70     15     20 

it 

7(5     17     00 

W. 

335     10     30 

11 

335     09     20 

11 

338     01     40 

11 

337     5!l     30 

E. 

71!     23     60 

ii 

70    20     40 

Set  3.         Deflections.         Dis 

E. 

20     44     40 

" 

2r.     43     20 

W. 

318     10     20 

II 

318     10     40 

11 

318     111     40 

(1 

318     1!)     40 

E. 

20     4r.     20 

tl 

20     45     20 

TempHMture 

53' 

10" 

40°.  5 

54 

60 

01 

40 

04 

10 

3 'J 

41 

40 

43 

10 

30 

10 

27 

40 

30.8 

=  28°  51'  02" 


2i(  =  20     4(')    38 


30.8 


Distance  0.9  foot. 


4"  38'" 


15 
17 
11 
10 
02 
(10 
24 
20 


20 
00 
00 
(10 
(10 
20 
(10 
40 


39 


38 


14    39   25 


2»  =  101     05    58 


2  H  =    98    24    2(i 


Mean 


39.2 

38.7  «=    49    52    30 


Distance  1.0  foot. 

45  00 

44  00 

20  00 

20  20 

20  40 

20  20 


47 

4(1 


20 
00 


A.M.  July  7,  1801. 
44.2 


.Mean 


45.0 

43 

43 
43.8 


li(=    (18    21    25 


2»=    (IS    2(1    20 


u^    34     12    4  1 


Torsion  oirclo. 

Sc.'ilo. 

280°  30' 

300 

370     30 

311.8 

1 90     30 

292.0 

2S(!     30 

300.5 

Set  4.         r 

)('n('ctions. 

E. 

7°  47' 

00 

" 

7 

47 

20 

W 

337 

19 

40 

If 

337 

19 

20 

tt 

337 

25 

20 

" 

337 

25 

20 

K. 

7 

53 

20 

" 

7 

5;! 

20 

Ohsorviitions  for  Torsldn. 

nilTi'.    nil's. 

11.8 
1 9. 8 

S,5 

DisiilMCC    l..'l    flMil 


.Mean  (1)—  10.0-=  10'.  I 


47' 

20 

47 

40 

20 

40 

20 

to 

20 

00 

2(1 

00 

54 

20 

5) 

20 

M.  July  7,  I 
42° 

42 

41.(1 


2 II  =  3(r 


27'  15 


Mean 


11.2 
to 

41.4 


■2 II  T=30    28    10 


H=  15    13    51 


mm 


M  A  (1  X  E  T  I  C   0 15  S  E  R  V  A  T  I  O  \  S 


101 


Mapnct  Z  fi  siispciidcd. 


Ri-'t  5.         Vibrations.        July  ' 
M.  T.  riM'lii't  I'lironomcttT  ;  nUi' 


Nunilier. 
0 
10 
20 
30 
40 
50 
100 


Chronometer. 
11"  01'"  21' 
02 
03 
04 
05 
Olj 
12 


21) 
30 
44 

62 
51) 

38.1 


Nuiiiliur. 
3110 
310 
320 
330 
340 
350 
200 


Chrononmler. 
11''    35'°   IC) 

3(1 

37 

38 

30 

40 


24 

32 
40 

n 

55 

57 


,  HCl. 

iicufly  ■/. 
3(ii>  viliHitious. 
33'°  55' 


Til.     'rcin|ii'ratiii'r.  51 ' 


33 
33 
33 


Arc:  204     and  402  at  bcfriiming, 


.'1)4.5         305  at  end, 


0 

or  350  vil)'; 


Torsion  circle. 

Hcalo. 

50'' 

300 

140 

320.7 

230 

2S(; 

50 

300. 5 

Observations  for  Torsion. 
Dilloreueea. 

20.7 
34.7 
14.5 


:>^i 

5(; 

5C, 

55 
50 

55.5 


Ol 
30((  V 
Tiniu 


KiTVcd  liiii 
ilinilioiis, 
of  olio, 


2(i:;.i'.5 
(;.7>50 


Mo:m  rn  =  17.5^  17 


Set  fi.         Vilirations.         P.  M.  July  S,  l>!iM. 
Magnet  Z  ('.  .-ii.-ipi'iiiK'd  on  4  fibres.         Ti'iiiiicratiirc,  41"^ 


Nnmlier. 

riironomt'ter. 

Namlier. 

Clironoii 

eter. 

300  vibr.itious. 

0 

1"    13'°  03» 

300 

1" 

47'" 

02' 

33'"  511".  0 

10 

14     10.5 

310 

4s 

Oil 

33     58.5 

Oliscrvcd  time 

,f 

20 

15     18 

320 

40 

17.2 

33     511.2 

300  vibrulidiis,  2o: 

js'.sr, 

30 

10     20 

330 

50 

25 

33     511.0 

Time  of  one,         (i 

7in;2 

40 

17     33.8 

340 

51 

32.8 

33     511.0 

50 

18     42 

350 

52 

40.5 

33     5S.5 

100 

24     21.2 

Arc:  205+  3115 
204       335 
2S3       317. 

2(10 

at      0 

at  200 

5  at  350  V 

b's. 

35 

41 

33     58.80 

<. 

M't  7.        V 

ilinil 

ions. 

Tr 

iilicratiire,  40" 

0 

2''    04'"  0S» 

300 

oil 

3s"' 

05' 

3;!'"  57'.(l 

10 

05     15 

31(1 

311 

12.5 

33     ,57.5 

(Ib-ei'Ved  lime 

if 

20 

00     22 

320 

40 

20.5 

33     5><.5 

300  vilirMlioiw,  2(1 

;s*,L>5 

30 

07     30 

3.30 

41 

2S.5 

33     58.5 

'I'iliie  of  one,          i 

.71112 

40 

OS     38 

340 

4  2 

•>7 

33     511.(1 

50 

01)     4(; 

350 

43 

45 

33     511.0 

100 

15     20 

200 

20 

4  0 

33     5S.-J5 

Are:   180  and  4  20  at       0 
254  313  at   200 

270  321   at   .350  vili's. 

Set  .S.  nelleetioiis.  1'.  M.  .Inly  8,  IsHI. 

Mairnet  7,  1  suspended,  '':  0  (leneetin<r;  distimee  1.(1  fool. 


R. 

K. 

Id' 

12'    20' 

13'    20" 

3S'J 

It 

\V 

302 

32     10 

32     50 

37.5 

W 

!•:. 

11 

50      00          I 

50     50 

38 

" 

w. 

;i(i3 

30      (III          1 

30     40 

38 

Mean 


2" --07' 
2  "  —  ox 


4(1  20 
It  o.-i 
5>^  ;!i; 


i( 


Set  0. 

Dedeet 

on-:.         Distance 

■  1.3  fool. 

w. 

321"  3S' 

20  " 

311'    00" 

3S-3 

!■;. 

352     1 1 

10 

1 2     00 

3S.5 

\Y. 

321     4s 

2(1 

111     2(1 

30.5 

K. 

351     4s 

(10 

411     no 

38 

j     2"  =  30''  32'  55' 
2"  =  21)    511    10 
I,  —  15     (IS    08 


5  nFi'-j^ 


I)' 


102 


w. 

K. 


RKCOr.I)    AM)    I'.rSULTS   OK 

Set  10.  ncncclioii:;,  .Inly  !),  ISCl. 

/  1  siispciulfil,  /  (!  ilcllcctin},' ;  distiiiiei;  1.0  foot. 


E. 

v.. 

11-  07'   20" 

OS' 

20" 

42° 

H 

\y. 

;!02     40     40 

41 

40 

42.5 

w. 

K. 

10     4;')     00 

4."> 

r.o 

4:i 

tl 

w. 

y(.2     15     'M 

10 

10 

4K 

Torsion  circle. 

Si'ale. 

!)0 

:!(I0.5 

ISO 

.•iU.O 

;i(;o 

2s(;,5 

no 

:joi.o 

8i 

t  11.         Dencclloi 

^v. 

:?212  22'    40" 

!•;. 

:i.")l    4:{    00 

w. 

:il!)    :!1     10 

E. 

;joo   50    i( 

Mean 

01).~('i'valioiis  fill-  Tol'.siuii. 
I     Uilli'reiiciiS. 


l.i.'J 


■2  II  =(1S^2(1'  40 

2"  =(;s    2!)    .'ij 

a  =  "A    14    04 


13.5 
27.5 
14.5 


Mean  (I)  =  la.ll  =  II'.  I 


Dencclions.     Distance  1.3  foot.     Jiilv  !),  ISCl. 


2:i'  30" 

43  50 

32  00 

51  20 


-Mean 


4S.C'5 

4(; 

44 

47 

40.4 


2'/  =30°  20'  20" 

2»  =  31     li)    10 

(/  =  15    24    53 


Sot  12.         V 

ibrations. 

'/i  0  susptMidcMl. 

0 

'.!''    50™  54 » 

300 

10 

52     01.5 

310 

20 

53    o:t 

:!2(l 

30 

54     1(1.5 

330 

40 

55     23 

340 

50 

50     30 

350 

100 

10     02     00 

200 

Ait:  204  and  4( 

]2  at      0 

TomiKTatiiro  30=  V.  M.  July  !l,  iscl. 


10'' 


2 1" 

25 

20 

27 

2!) 

30 


31" 

41 

4S.5 

5(; 

02 

10 

17.5 


33'" 

33 

33 

33 

33 


.0 
5 
5 
5 
0 
0 
OS 


3( 


Olisorv 
1(1  vMiral 
nil'  of  I 


oil  timo 
ions,  20 
mi',       ( 


of 

I'.ros 

1.7303 


255  3(;3    "    200 

280  319   "   350  vil.V. 


Si't  13. 

Yilirntions. 

Ti'iiijior 

itniv,  4  P. 

r.  M 

July  0,  \<i:\. 

0 

11"    23'"  44'^ 

300 

11"   57'" 

23" 

33'" 

30".  0 

10 

24     51 

310 

5S 

30 

33 

30.0 

20 

25     5S.5 

:!2o 

5!) 

3S 

33 

30.5 

("Hisri'vi'il  tinio  of 

30 

27     0(1 

3;!0 

12  00 

45.5 

33 

30.5 

3(10  vilii-iilions,  2010' 

25 

40 

28     12.5 

310 

01 

52 

33 

;'.'.i.5 

Tinii'  of  oMi',        (1.7; 

,os 

50 

20     21 

350 

03 

00 

33 

311.0 

100 

34     50 

200 

II      4  0 

10 

•  )>i 

30.25 

Air:   170  anil 

4:!5  at        0 

202 

310    "    2(10 

2SH 

•  > 

12    "   352  \ 

ill's. 

TIk^  rnml)iii!itinn  of  tlic  (Icflcrtimi  mid  \  ilivutinii  results  is  shown  in  tlic  f'ollnwino' 
tiil)l('.  The  first  three  detleetions  liiivinij;  no  cdrresjiondini^  vihriitiuns,  tlie  Vidiie  ol' 
in  \vi)s  deduced  from  llie  renniining  live  residts  viz:  0,;)1()  at  {P.ti  l'"iili.,  hence  fur 
tli(>  teniiH'ratur(>  /  of  these  d(>tiertions  we  Inive  m  =  ().:}!(;  (1  — O.OOO'i  (^  —  .tr.ti)). 
'file  vibrotions  hjnc  been  referred  to  the  temperiitnre  of  tlie  deHections  hy  correct- 
m'j;  the  s([uares  of  the  times  liy  1  — </  (f — t),  the  temperature  of  llie  (h'tlectioiis 

h(-inj,'  f  and  tliat  of  tlie  vibrations  f  ;  tliey  were  also  corrected  fur  torsiun  (  1  +  ,,)" 

The  avcniiie  ^idue  of  /Mias  b(>en  used. 


M  \  a  .VI' TIC  or, si:  i;  v  .\  t  i  o  n 


hi;', 


Set.      1           /,'/"!-            '         1           1     Hot.     '          /:;/./.V          '             l.j  i„                    .V                  « 
1                -* 

1 
^> 

;! 
4 

',( 
II) 
11 

',i.4ri;!ii;! 
>.».4i;:'.'*'.i 
!l.4i;il2 
',l.4(l'.i;!4 

',i.4(;ir)ti 
".t.4(it'i(;<'> 

U.4(14;i8 
!t.474  4-2 

.'ill.   s 

:is.7 

4:i.H 

11.1 

;!7.'.t 

:>s..") 

4;!.  11 

4(1.4 

(1 

7 

12 

i;{ 





ii.ri:!(i:i7 

'.•..■.•iS44 
!).;");!  (11.^1 
ll.rj.JiKM 

:: ::: 

;t.4iiii-<."i 

11. 4 ',1  lit  1 
11, 1 117  ;■>.') 

!).4(MC.'(1 

1.117 
l.dsit 
l.(ix-J 
1.(17:! 
1.(1X0 
1.(174 
l.(i.s7 
1.074 

(i.;;iii 
(i.;!l:! 
((..•ill 

(l.'ilH 

(t.:i:i(i 

at  II    .1; 

M.'aii     . 

1(1X1        (i.;;|i;   ' 

a 
10 

2(1 

;iO 

40 
100 


Netlik,  AVii.M.E  ."^iHNn.     Anirn-t  I,  Ixiii 
Set  1.  Viliralioiis.  Mh^'IkH  Z  (1  .■^M.-^iifiidcil.  Ti'iniici'alurr,   I '^ 

CliroiKniiftLT  4"  4(1'"  04"  fa.~t  nl'  (irociiwich  liiac. 


27 
2X 
211 

:!() 
:il 
:i7 


111 

(IS 

If) 


;!oi) 
:!l(i 
.■!2ll 
:i:>(i 
.■!4(l 
:!;")!) 
200 


211 

00.  r> 

Aro:   170.5  and  42')  at      (I 
201  :i42    "  200 

278  •■322   "  ;iD()  vih'.s. 


2"    :t'.r' 

:',    (III 

(II 

(12 

04 

(!,") 

2     4S 


40 
4 -..5 
;"!.").  5 
11:! 
111.;", 
lli.ri 


;i:i'"  :;;i'.o 
:!:i    ;ii».o 


:;:{ 


4ii.r. 
41.;-) 
41.11 
4U.0S 


;iliii  viKr: 
'rime  111' 


Acil  liiiir  c.r 
ilii'n-,  lidL'ii'.ox 
Mill',         r..7:i:iii 


Vihratii 


0 
10 
20 

:{0 

40 

.Ml 

UIO 


Ace 


HP 

II 

12 

14 

15 

10 

21 


42".r. 

50 

57.5 

04.5 

12 

20 

511.5 


1110  anil 
255 

278 


Set  2. 

.<;iio 
;iio 

.•J20 

;!:;o 

.•!40 

;i5o 

200 
It  0 
"  2110 
"  ;)5o  viiis. 


il5 


44™ 

45 

4  0 

47 

48 

50 


;!ll. : 
411 
54 
02 


•  > 

:! 

•a 
!'" 

» 

lire,  4ir. 

41 -.5      i 
4  2.0      ' 

( )li^(  r\  111  tin r 

:, 

* 

42.11 

:!0ll  viliiMliiin.~,  2021 

.x:! 

;; 

! 

11.5      , 

'riini:  uf  mil',        (1  7 

;iM 

! 

42.0 

:! 

> 

42.0 

0 

> 

ll.8:j    1 

Tor.'^iiai  i.:irclo. 
WP  .'iO' 


150 


^0 


;{:io    no 


00 


:{o 


Oli.~orvaliiiiis  fur  'ror.-ion. 
HciiIh.      :       DiU'ereiRi'S. 
:!(I0 


.■J20 
280 
.•!00.5 


20.0 
.•{4.0 
14.5 


Ml 


an  (  I)  =.  17  1 


\V. 


Set  :!. 


Prnci'tions. 


.Mil 


rt  /    1 


iilnl,  Z  (1  llrlii'i'tillfT        Pislanri-  1 


I'.  M    AnLMi-l   1. 


W 


;ii-  21' 


4: 


10' 


>l  no 
20 
M     no 


2t'    40' 


I."-     Ill 
M      10 


4  2 

10 


.Ml 


104 


I!  K  CO  i;  I)    A  N  1»    11  K  S  U  \.  T  S   (»  I' 


('ninl)iiiiii^'  the  iiiciiu  of  set  1  iind  set  2  ((1.7:5(14)  with  tlic  iiiiylc  of  hct  '{,  (■()ir("..t- 
iiig  tliL'  fiitit  fur  torsion  uiid  rcfcrriiif,'  i^  to  ;{!)°.7  Fall.,  \vi'  liiitl 

/y '"  ^  !).45;j(Jl     and     A'=  1.110 


hjmX  ^\)S>mU 


m  ■=-{):.]\'i  at  ;!!)".7  Fah. 


Upernavik,  >*(mTii  (iukkni.anh 

AdfTiisI  ICi, 

1S(;l. 

At  (liif^stufr.     ClirouomcUr  S'  fust  of  Oreeinvicli  tiiiic. 

So.  1.         K.xiifrimeuts  of  vibration.         Temperature,  47". 

MngiK't  Z  1'  siispciuled. 

0 

r,h     ir,m    471. 

300 

5''   50"'  3S» 

34'"  51' 

1(1 

in    57 

310 

51     47 

34     .•>(» 

Observed  tinie  of 

20 

IS   or, 

320 

52     57 

34     51 

300  vib'ns,    =2(l'.llM7 

30 

10     1(5 

330 

54     07 

34     51 

Time  of  one,        (;.',i7()(l 

40 

20     25 

340 

55     17 

34     52 

50 

21     35 

350 

5(1     27 

34     52 

100 

27     24 

200 

3!)     01 

34     51.17 

Arc:  193     ami  413  at      0 

2(ir,              334    "  200 

2S2.5           318    "  330  vili's. 

Set  2.         Vibrations.         Temperature,  47°. 

0 

iV'   no-"  00" 

300       ;     r,''   34™  4S' 

34'°  4S" 

10 

01     10 

310 

35     5S 

31     4S 

Observed  ti[rie  of 

20 

02    20 

320 

30     OS 

34     4S 

300  vd.nitioMs,  2(lss".0S 

30 

03     20 

330 

38     17.5 

34     4S..'^, 

Time  of  one,        (l.'.)(iU3 

40 

04     31) 

340 

3!)     27 

34     4S 

50 

05     4!) 

350 

40     37 

34     4S 

100 

11     37 

200 

23     1 2 

~34'    4S.Uti 

Are:  101     and  300  at      0 

2(;i  5          33S    "    200 

2S0             320    "    350  vib's. 

Set  3.          Vibrations.'-'         TiinperatuiT,  4fi". 

0 

7''  or  IS" 

3110 

7''    .35'"  01)' 

34"'  51".0 

10 

02     27 

31(1 

3(i     IS.  5 

34     51.5 

Obsei'ved  timi'  of 

20 

03     3(;,5 

320 

37     2S 

34     51.5 

300  vibrations,  201(1'.0S 

30 

04     4);.5 

330 

3S     37 

34     50.5 

Time  of  one,        (;.',)70.'! 

40 

05     5(; 

340 

.iO     47 

34     51.0 

50 

07    or, 

350 

4ti     57 

34     51.0 

100 

12     53 

200 

24     32 

31     51.  OS 

Are:   102     and  415     at      0 

2r,5              333      "   200 

2S4.5 

315.5  "   3;- 

0  vib's. 

. 

I 


I      nt 


Set  4.         Defi-'etions. 
.Magnet  Z  1  susjiended,  Z  (',  defleeting.     Itistanee  I  foot. 


R. 

i;. 

4.50  ',Y>>    4,,'' 

33'   40' 

4s- 

ii 

w. 

352     52     40 

53     20 

i         44 

W. 

K. 

45     23     30 

24     00 

47 

<( 

W. 

352     37     50 

1         3S     30 

i          4(1 

Mean 

.     4(1.2 

52"  4  0'  lo" 
52    45    .35 
2(1    21    2(1 


'  The  correctness  of  tlie  record  is  sustained  by  the  resulting  A'. 

"  Till'  reeord  of  300  to  350  vilmitions  is  1"'  too  suuili,  as  appears  piaiidy  by  i>oni])ariiig  the  titiica 
of  0,  UiO,  200,  ami  300  vibrations. 


M  A  G  X  K  T  1  C   ()  1!  S  V.  It  V  A  T  1  ()  \  S. 


105 


II 

W 


V. 

\v. 
w. 


fSct  ,■) 


•M' 
20 


Pcili'ctiiiiis 

.■id" 

■10         i 

10 

UO 


21 

10 
21 


Distiuu' 

40  " 

40 

10 

40 


Mean 


:  lonl. 

4r 

r.i 


44.0 


1.-. 


i-=  11 


The  moan  rosult  of  sot  I  nnd  s(>t  2  is  6.9(1') 4  iit  47'',  and  of  ,s(>t  2  and  sot  ;5,  (1.!m;."):5 
at  4((.5  ;  if  wo  ocuToot  those  for  torsio.,  and  nso  A/  7x7.'  (for  /  1 )  1.19212,  and  A/w 
(for/  1)  =  9.;}7;ilO,  tho  vibrations  jj^ivo  X-=^  \.'A.'h)  and  l.o.").-).  For  tlio  dotlcctions 
wo  nso  hjm  (for  Z  (i)  9.4;/l()4  and  9.4i)17S  (tlu^  valno  of  di  Ixin;,'  O.:}!!)  at  ")(l  )  and 
find  A'=  1.349  and  l.:n2.     Tlio  moan  valno  of  tlio  four  dotorininations  is  1.:}.")S. 

The  maynotio  niomont  of  Z  (>  ajj^joars  to  ho  very  noarly  oonstant,  whicli  is  ihic 
to  tho  ago  of  tho  magnet;  at  50°  l-ah.  we  have  O.JJOS,  ().:}! "».  0.:ni,  0.;i09,  and 
0.30S  as  found  at  Cunibridgo,  Port  loulko,  Notlili,  Uodhavn,  and  Washington, 
respectively. 

Godhavn,  Disco  Isi.anh,  (iUkkni,ani>.     August  and  Sci>trml)cr,  ISHI. 

iSUlUon  in  the  {liii'ikm  iit  tlii!  iviu'  of  tlie  Inspcctiir'.s  liuiisc. 

Sut  1.         Vilinitiiiiis.         Z  (i  siis|iiMi(li'(i.         SciiUinlifi' 1,  ISIll. 


0 

oil    2S''* 

42" 

300 

oU    r,;,!!! 

25" 

2( 

■"  43".0 

iO 

21) 

34..J 

310 

Tili 

11) 

21 

44.5 

oii.^i'fvcii  till r 

20 

30 

2S..'') 

320 

57 

12.5 

21 

44.0 

.".00  vilil-alioii.^,   ICIir  (IS 

30 

31 

22 

330 

M 

(M) 

21 

44.0 

Time  ul'  UIR-,         5.31(11) 

40 

32 

1').;") 

340 

.")!! 

00 

21 

44.5 

M 

33 

(ID 

350 

.5'.) 

53.5 

21 

44.5 

IIIO 

37 

<";").;i 

200 

2     40 

30 

2( 

4l.o,s 

Alv:  207  uikI  402  at      0 
2(il  .331)    "  200 

2S8  312    "  350  vib's. 


Tuiiqioralurt',  3S- 


H 


s 

rt  2.          V 

ilirntinns. 

'IV'iiiiicratiiiT,  38° 

0 

3''    2S'"  .'iO" 

300 

3''    55'" 

14" 

2(1'"  44".0 

10 

20     2 1 

310 

5(1 

07 

20     4  3.0 

Oli.-crvccI  tiiiic  (if 

20 

30     17 

320 

57 

01 

20     44.0 

3(iOviliratiiin.-^,  1(103". 

'vH 

30 

31      11 

.330 

57 

54 

2(1     43.0 

Time  (il'uiir,        5.34 

-.3 

40 

32     04.5 

340 

5S 

4S 

2(1     43.5 

50 

32     57 

350 

51) 

41 

2(1     4  1.0 

100 

37     25 
A  I'c  :   1 S5  and  4 

200 
25  at       0 

3     4(1 

111.5 

2(1     43.5.'j 

257 
2.S0 


34  7 


200 

350  vilj's. 


Set  .3.      |)('nrction.-i.  Z  1  .■-il.'^|il'liilL'd,  /.  (I  di'lli'cliil^r      l>i.-taliri'  I  I'imiI. 


K 

K. 

214°  20' 

40" 

21' 

40" 

4(1 

" 

W 

205     30 

40 

31 

40 

4  7 

W. 

K. 

245     1)> 

00 

17 

(10 

4  7 

<4 

W. 

205     M 

00 

5  s 

20 

4(1 

E. 

K. 

214      ID 

20 

20 

20 

4(1 

" 

W. 

205     -JS 

20 

20 

10 

4(i 

\V. 

i:. 

215      1- 

50 

IS 

40 

45 

" 

w 

201      12 

40 

12 

40 

45 

Mc^aii 


40 


•2,1  =  :','.r  04'  10" 


2»  -3D    5S    20 


»  =  ID    45    3.S 


During  the  above  sot  a  strong  wind  was  blow  ing  wliidi  disturbed  tlio  magnet 
a  little. 

14       July,  1805. 


106 


It  i: conn  a  n  i>  i;  ksit-ts  of 


Set  ■) 

K. 

W. 

W. 

10. 

II 

AV. 

I)cncftinn.>s.         l>i.-tiiMi'i'  1.;!  fMiit. 
2:!;j<=  4:!'  4o"     i       44'   10" 

)>\l\     i>;i     10  2U     20 

2:it     10    00  11     00 

215     :!1      40         1  ;i2      10 

Mciiii. 


Scptt'iiil 

ot 

7,  \><CA. 

45° 
44 

2('  =  1-''  20'  40" 

40 
40 

2((  =  IS    ;!s  ;j5 

42.2 

II  -    ^    511    4!t 

('(irrccting  for  torsion  mid  for  (lillV'reiu'c  of  ti'mpcriitiu-L'  wi'  tiiul 


I'J 


X 


!l.24;J22  niul  !l. 24404 


I^mX  =  0.7:3504  0.73(!22 


hi'iitc  A'=  1.7(I;j  1111(1  1.702 

mid      ?H  =  0..'50!»  0..'!00 

lit     4(1°       ftt     42'^ 


RECAIMTn..\Tlli 

>)  (IF  r 

UF.rEDI.Nd  V 

M.IK.S 

(11  Iltiiti/.d.NT.M.  FonrK. 

No. 

locality. 

Latit 

nde. 

I.oiigiUndo. 

A' 

Dato. 

Oliscrvcr. 

1 

Ciiiiiliridifc,  Alii.-is.  .     .     . 

42^ 

2;i' 

71° 

07 

3.(107 

,liilv,  isco 

A.  Soriiiliii!; 

0 

I'riivrM,  Niirtli  (ircriiliin;! 

72 

23 

55 

33 

1.57('. 

All;;.   ISCO 

A.  Siiiiiitun 

:i 

I'oit  Fuiilkf,  Siiiilli  Slrail 

78 

IS 

73 

00 

1.0S4 

Jiilv,  ISOl 

II.  (J.  ItiidclilV 

4 

N'.'llik,  AVImIc  Siiiiiid  .     . 

77 

OH 

71 

22 

1.110 

Aiifj.   lS(il 

II.  (i.  HadclilV 

5 

U|ii'rMnvik,  N.  Greenland 

72 

47 

50 

03 

1.35H 

Aufr.  isci 

II.  (i.  UiidclilV 

l> 

(iodliiivii,  ])i.><('0,       " 

Oil 

12 

53 

2S 

1.7  02 

Sept.   l.SCil 

II.  (}.  Kuddiir 

7 

Wii.,liinjrloii,  1).  C,  U.  S. 

;]s 

5:i 

77 

00 

4.2im; 

•III  110,  is(;2 

C.  A.  .SclmU 

Tlie  liorizoutiil  coiiipoueut  Xuf  the  iiiiiyiutk'  force  is  cxprossctl  in  Enjj;li^li  units 
(feet  Jind  {j;rnins). 

'I'o  the  iibovc  two  .stations  (Port  I-'oulkc  and  Nctlik)  at  and  near  Smith  Strait,  I 
have  added  the  followinj^-  three  slation.s  oeeni)ied  for  liorizontal  foree  hy  Dr.  Kane's 
party  in  IX.'^i  and  IS.),"). 

Van  Kcn.ssolacT  lliirl)(.ii-,     .f  =  7S'"  :!7'         ji  =.  70     5:;'  A' =1.139         (1>^5I) 

llakluyl  Island,  77     23  73     10  1.341         (1S55) 

N(.'ar  Cape;  Y(jrk,  7(1     03  (18    00  1.573        (ls55) 

'I'he  observed  horizontal  fonc  ff,  at  tliese  live  stations,  is  represented  hy  the  forinida 
//==  l.-.'.JO  — O.ll  At/)  — O.-il  AX  rn.s  ^ 
where  A^=<p  —77°. 50  and  AX  -^  >.  — 71°.'2i) 
It  was  fonnd,  however,  tliat  tlie  determination  at   llakhiyt   Island,  \\here  the 
horizontal  force  a))pears  too  large,  had  the  effect  of  inclining  the  isoc'ynamic  lines 
more  than  was  warranted  hy  valnes  of  nnne  sonthern  stations.      I   have,  therefore, 
given  the  determination  at  llakhiyt  the  weight  one-half,  and  lind 

ir^  i.-m)  —0.07  A(/)  — o.;}o  ax  '•<«  ^ 

hy  moans  of  wliicli  eqnation  tiie  isodyn.imic  lines  of  1.0.  1.1,  l.'J,  l.o,  and  1.1  were 
laid  down  on  the  chart. 

The  observations  are  represented  as  follows: — 

(il.rt.  H. 

Poi-l  Fotdku 1.0S4 

Nctlik 1.110 

Van  R('iiss(da('r  Ilarliijr       ....      1.139 

llakhiyt 1..344 

Xuar  Capo  York         .....     1.573 

The  ])rohable  error  of  a  single  representation  is  +0.10,  and  of  any  resulting 
line  +0.0;">  nearly. 


Cimp.  H. 

DilT. 

1.0S9 

—0.005 

1.270 

—0.1(10 

1.196 

—0.057 

1.132 

+  0.212 

1.588 

—0.015 

MA  (i  N  Il'l'l  (•    Ol'.Si;  I!  V  A  I'lKN  S 


!(»■; 


MAdNKTlr    INCLINATION 


r 

■lilV 

•lilV 

•liir 

diir 

11 

Port  Foulke,  Smith  Simiait     .Inly,  I-m'.I 

()li.<(Tviili(iiis  lit  llir  Tort  Kdullii'  Olpscrviilory 

Set  1.     Needle  II,  marked  end  Soulli.     .Iiilv  I,  in''  1;'.'"  A.  M. 


Cirele  KaKt. 


Cin-li'  \Ve>l 


Pace  Kpst 


N. 


S4°  r.5'      sr>°  07' 

85     00      I     S5     00 
Memi     .     .     HI' 


Vaco  Wi'st. 


Face  Kast. 


Fac"  W.'.^l. 


N. 


Stn  4-,' 
,S4     45 


St-  45'  n5°   15'    I     S5°  (I 


O     ,,"/       I 


S5  •   15'         s5-'    ir 


S4     45      i     (SO     15  S5     (17      '     >*5     is     I     s5     1.' 


M<'MII 


h:,°  (i;i 


Needle  1 1,  liiiii'kid  eml  Norlli 


Cil'ele  West, 


S5°  l: 


Chvle  Kil-I 


Fai'o  West. 


85°  00' 


S5"  (III' 


Face;  Fast. 


84     52      !     84     5;l 

.Mean     .     .     85-  04' 


S5°   15' 
85     15 


S5°  IIS' 
85  US 


Far..  West. 


I.'a,v  l':l-^t. 


si     45'  S5     (III'     !     SI"    15'  v|      t.' 


S4      45      i     S5     (10      I     81 


si 


84^  50' 


-Ml 


.     SI"  57 
Dip  hy  iieeille  II,  S5°   (11)'. 


Set  •-'.     Needle  III,  iiiarlieil  end  Sonlli,     .Inlv  t,  IT'  t:)'"  A   M 


!•: 


w 


85°  (10'    I     85^  07 


15 


\V. 


8;)^'  (III' 


•JO 

85°   VV 


s5'^   15'         84^ 


85"  o:i 


S4''  4.-) 


i;o 


w. 


84^^  r.ll'     !     S4"  55' 


45 


40 


84- 


Needle  III,  marked  end  NrnMl 


W. 


w, 

85°  00'     j     S4'^ 
07      I 


i;o 


w. 


85°  (III' 
(IS 


^4°  55'         85°  .'Ml 
00     '  'M 


»5'     1. 


81'  45'     I     s4'=   115' 


42 


45 


50 


85°  or 


H')^    14' 


^5°  07' 
Hip  liV  neeiUe  III,  s5^    05 


Set  ;i.     Needle  II,  marked  end  Suntli,     .Iidy  5,  In''  5!i'"  A.  M 

E.  W. 

K.  I  W.  I  K. 

85°  .'!0'     I     s5°  35'  84'-   15'     I     s4"  Hi'  85'   15'     j     85-"'   IP.' 

15      1  :iO     I  17      I  17      !  17      i  15 


W. 

85"   15'     I     S5°  00' 
15      I  05 


84°  52' 


s5°   12' 


S5°  02' 
Neeille  II,  marked  end  Nnl'lli, 


W. 


W. 
85°   15'     I     85°   17' 
10      I  05 


E. 

S5°  20'    !     S5°  15 
25      i  15 


W. 

84°  45'    i     S4''  52' 
45      :  52 


s4-  ;;:!     |    s4°  45' 

45      I  50 


85°   15' 


84°  41/ 


84°  00' 
Dip  liv  needle  II,  S5°  Ol'. 


ii 


108 


RRCORI)    AND    Itllsri-TS   OP 


St'l  I.     Ni'cmIIi'  III,  MiiU'kcil  I'liil  Sipiilli.     .Iiilv 


K. 


\V 


E.        I        W. 

84°  50'  I  SI"  r.O'    85°  dO'  I  S;">o  15' 
•M     \  30  I      15   I      i.'5 

84°  57' 

85°  04 


K. 

85°  15'  I  85°  20' 
00       07 


w. 


85°  l:i' 

20 


85°  02' 


W 


Ncnlie  III.  niiii'ki'd  I'lid  N'di'ih. 


85^-'  ir 


K. 


W. 

85°  US'   I    85°  ;in' 
40  :io 


85^  28'    85°  20' 

W. 

84°  55' 

85°  18' 

84°  :!0' 

84°  21' 

28        20 

07 

i:i 

(l(t 

02 

27' 

84° 

5(1' 

85°  ir 

pip  l)y  iici.'(ll( 

III,  85°  08' 

w. 


Set  5      Xccdli'  II,  marked  I'lid  NdiMli      .Inly  7  IV  M 

w.  !•; 


84°  C7'  I    81°  07'       85"  :!(;'   I    85°  no' 


50     !  ;J2 

85°   l(i' 


:to 


w.  I  v.. 

84°  ;!()'    I     ^4'-  ;iO'  SI     55'     I 

20     I  ;io     I  77     I 

84°  48' 
85°  02' 


85°  00' 
20 


84°  40'    I     84°  20' 
32  ;{8 


Nccilli!  II,  inarkt'd  ciid  Smilli. 
E.  W. 

W.  I  E.  I  W. 

sl°  :!8'  I  81°  45'    85°  00'  I  S5''  05'    85°  lo'  I 
00        00        00        o:!  I      15   I 


85°  08' 
05 


84°  42' 


85°  00' 


84°  54' 
Dip  by  needle  II,  84°  58' 


RECAriTILATION  fiF  HESn.TS  FOR  DlP  AT  I'oUT   Fiiri.KK,  .luly   1-7,  1801 


Iti'sidlinir  mrnii  clip,  s5'    02' 


No. 

Nnedlo. 

Dip. 

>et  1 

II 

8,5°  00' 

"  2 

III 

85  05 

"  3 

II 

85  01 

"  4 

III 

85  08 

"  5 

II 

84  58 

Littleton  Island,  Smith  Strait.    .Iidy  2(;  V.  M. 

Si't  1.     Xucdle  II,  marked  end  North. 
K,  W. 


8.5°  15'     I     8,5°  10' 


20 


W. 


84°  20'     I     84°  20'         81°  40'    I     84°  4 


E. 
O    id'      I       XJO     ir,' 


20 
84°  4!t' 


55 
84°  40' 


W. 

84°  25'     I      84°  ,'!0' 
30  30 


w. 


84°  44' 


Needle  II,  marked  eud  Smitli, 


W. 


84°  15'    I     84°  10 


15 


84°  40'     I     84°  45' 


15 

84°  28' 


40 


45 


W. 

84°  52'    I     84°  50' 


(U) 


84°  00'     I     .8,5°  05' 
55  00 


84°  50' 


84°  42' 


Dip  by  needle  II,  84°  43' 


■■■■ 


M.\(i\i:TI('    <)l!Si:i!  VAT  IONS 


109 


Set,  •.'.      Nicdir  III,  iiiiirknl  cud  S.piilli. 


w. 


K. 

8-1°  4H'   I    sr^  ■!«' 


■18 


St-  a,')'  I    sj<^ 


K. 
HJ'^    ir.'     I      St'    ID' 


48 


w. 

sr^  (It    I    si    III' 


III 


av  -a;' 


81-  3")' 


W. 


W. 

SV  22'    I     81'"-'  ITi' 


Nri'illi'  III,  iiiarki'ii  I'liil  Nurtli 


R 


R. 


si    ;io'    I    SI    ;!ii' 

10  -l") 


81°  30' 


W.  I  K. 

sri'  (i.->'   I    s,-,"  (I,-,'    I    8.")''  00     I 

15     I  If)      t  10      I 

S5'^  OS' 
si-   10' 
Hip  liy  otTillc  IIJ,  SI'--   \y 


S.I      II. I 

I."' 


r. i''.c.\i'nri..\TiiiN  <<v  I'.Ksi  i.rs  i-nii  Oip  at  Litii.kihn  Isi.anii,  .Iiilv  :!i;.  Isr,  I 
NwMI,..  Hip. 


Sot  1 

II      0 


II 
111 


SI"   i;i 
81     i> 


rir-iiliiii!.'  iiiriiii  ili|i,  s|      i;;' 


Gale  Point,  ('Annn.w  Fnt.kt,  Smith  Stuait,  .Inly  2^,  Isi;l. 

Set  I,     N'Tillc  111,  iiiiirknl  ciiil  S. mill, 

W.  I^ 


w. 

85°  OV    I     ^■y°  <»>' 

(10    I         o;! 


B. 

sr>°   !.•.'    I     s,')^  20 
I  s     1  20 


8.'."    1(1' 


w.  I  v.. 

8.".°  irr   I    sr.°  ;•..•.■       sr.'^  i.->'   i 
•l.^i     I  ;!;"(     I  07     ' 

sr."  21;' 
s.j'=  is' 


S,-,°  20' 

10 


N'ecilli'  III,  iiiiirki'ii  rml  Nurtli 
E.  W 

8,^)='   .",.")■     I      85"    nO'     !      S.-."    0')'     I      sr.^    10'     I      S.-|"    ,1.-.'     I      S.-,''    to'  S.'i""    l.'t'      j 

\'',    I  to    i  20    1  15     I  :!0     1  :!o    I  lo     I 

85^'  25'  S5°  21' 

S5°  21' 
Dipl.y  iR'wlk'  III,  S5''  21' 


S5'--    15' 
15 


Hakluyt  Island,  off  Wifat.f  Siunh.     .\nL'ii<t  2  \  M  .  Is('l. 
Si't  I,      Nri'illc  II,  niarki'd  fiid  Soiilli. 


85°  00'     I      S5°  00'  85"= 


W.  I  K.  !  W. 

I     S5<^   15'         S-f-'  45'     I     s5°  00'    i     si"^    15'     I     SI''   1' 


00 


(10     I 
85"'   10' 


20 


85"   00' 


00      I 
84'    51' 


50 


W 


w. 


84°  45' 
40 


81"   50' 
45 


Xcedlc  II,  inarkcil  cud  XortI 


W. 


85''  00'     I     81°  fi5'    !     84°  55'     I     81'^  50'    !     85"   20'     1     s.5'^   1.^ 


00 


CO 


20 


84°   53' 


,0    (17' 


850  0 


85°  00' 
Dip  liv  iii'udlc  II,  S5-  00' 


110 


ItKf'Olt  I)    A  N  I)    I!i:SVLTS   OF 


Netllk,  WriAi.K  SorNt).     Aiiffiisl  1  IV  M.,  1mi;i 

Sl'I  I.     N't'cillu  II,  umrkfii  fiul  .South, 

E.  W. 

»•  I  W.  I  R.  I  W. 

84"^  r.d'  I    s\    r.ri'      84°  r,^^'  \    m.|°  hty'  \    h\°  cd'   i    s,-,°  on'  I    h4°  4.'.'  1 

)i(i    I  <i()    I  t>u    I  i;o    !  Til)    I  00    '  40    I 

x4°  :>','  si    r.o' 

si'^  ;.;r 


40 


W 


Nil  (III'  1 1,  iiimlinl  ciiij  Nnflli 


!•: 


W.  I  K. 

84°  .'lO'         84°  4(1'     I     >*:>"  I.-.'    I     s-,''   1:,' 

'M    I  111)     '  :iii     I  :!o 

84°  :>v 


I  till  lp_v  liciilli'  11,81      r>8' 


w.  1  K. 

riit    !         r.o    i         •.>•)    I 

8;V'  01)' 


8:.-  I'.' 

'JO 


Godhavn,  l)isi'ii  Isr.AND,  (iiiKKNt.A.sii.     Aiil'msi  .•;),  |si;i 

111  ffiinlcii  at,  liio  rcnr  of  Iiis|ii'iliii''s  Ikhisc 

.Sut  1.     XcLMJIi'  II,  niiii'la'il  riul  .Simth. 

W 


E.  I  W. 

81=  M'     I      SP  r.:')'  SF  ;!0'     j     81''  ;!0' 

45    I  in    I  ;io    I  ;jo 

'^1°  40' 


w. 


81°  40' 
Xfiiili'  II,  iiiai'lu'ii  t'McJ  N'ortli. 


E,                     I  W. 

82''^   1-2'    ]     82'-'   12'    '     81--^  (Ti'    I 

00     I          00    I  :iii     I 
81-'  r.2' 


81°    If,' 

:io 


82°  ir>'    ;    81"  70' 
00  4r) 


W.  I  E.  W. 

81=  42'    I     81°  42'         81°  ;!(•'     I     'iio  ;jo' 
4;")      I  15      I  ;i7      I  45 

8P  40'  82^  o:i' 

81°  51' 

Dipliy  mriUn  11,  8I0  40' 

Srt  2.     N'ocille  III,  niarknl  imhI  Sonlli.      Sc|)li'iiilic'i'  l;i,  iSCl 

E.  W. 

W.  I  E. 

8P  15'   I    810  .)()'       sr^  .15'   I    8r  :i2'      8K  i5' 

45      I  40      I  45      I  45  45 


F 

82°  00' 

82°  15' 

00 

00 

81°  45'     I     81°  40' 
45      I  40 


W. 


81'^  4i 


W. 


8 10  r.i' 

Nci'illt'  III,  111u1k1.1l  iiul  N'lFiil 


81°  43' 


8I0  no' 
50 


W. 

I 

\ 

W. 

oc 

00  ■ 

S2"^  00' 

81' 

45' 

SP  50' 

82°  15'    82°  15' 

81 

75 

05 

15 

50 

(iO 

18        15' 

50 

81°  58' 


82°  04' 
Dip  by  nct'illo  III,  8P  51!' 


82^  10' 


■<2°   15' 
00 


RECAriTILATION  (iv  H  ESILTS  FOU  Dll'  AT  (lODllAV.N, 

Aiiijust  1)1,  iuul  Soptciulior  13,  18(',1. 
No.  I       Neeille.  Dip. 

Si't  1  II  81°  4!»' 

"2         I         III  81     53 


Ursujliiic'  iiirnii  (lip,  sl°  51' 


^(SH 


HWi 


WlMigniUBWP^glf 


• 

1 

(' 

M  A  (i  .\i:ti  c  (I  I! si;  i;  v  ati  on 


111 


IlKcAI'ITlLATMN  ^|^^  OllfttUVKl) 

iMi'.s.     01 

i.-ir\iitiiiii 

^  In  11.  (i 

ni|). 

Uu<|rlill'. 

No. 

Inrnllty. 

I,i\tltU.I... 

LntiRltiiilH. 

Pllti.. 

1 

a 

3 
4 

ft 

I'urt   l''nllll<l',  Slllilll  SlIMil    .... 

Lii'lriuii  |.-lniiil,  Slllilll  Strait     .     , 
(iiiji'  I'liliit  CiiiljL'iin  liiji't  .... 
Iliikliiyt  l.-liiml.  oir  Wliulr  Suiiiiil    . 

N'cllik,  Wliiilc  Suiiiul 

UiMliiavii,  l)isi'ij  l.sliind,  (Iri't'iilaml  . 

7H-   |,s' 
7H     '>-2 
7S     II 
77     -i.l 
77     OS 
11'.)     1  i 

7:1°   00' 

7:)    :io 
711    'Js 
7:1     10 
71     -22 

.>>,■> 

M 

M 

■  ii-i' 
11 
■Jl 
00 

ris 

.Inly, 

AlltflKI, 

All'.'.  Hint   Sriil 

|M,| 
1*1;  1 

|m,1 

To  flic  iibovc  material  iiMiilaliK-  fur  the  ( oii^titK  linn  nf  an  isnc  linal  (hart  n\'  tlir 
vicinity  <ii'  Smith  Strait,  I  ha\t'  iiddcd  the  fnlinwiii^,'  three  (Ictcnniiiatiniis  iVnin  |»i. 
Kane's  expedition:  Capi  (iriniiell,'  latitnde  "H"  lU',  longitude,  1 1°  HI.  di|i  s')  us' 
in  Alienist,  IS,");}.  MarsJiall  May,"  latitude  7s' .',1',  lunyitnde  (|s°  .')  I',  diihSj  t!) 
in  Seiitcnd.'er,  IS.")!}.  \'nn  Uenssehur  llarhur,  latitude  Is''  '■)!',  l(in;,'iliide  lO'  .'>■.',', 
dip  Sl°  Ki   ill  June,  lS.-)4. 

The  observed  lufliiiiitiou  /"at  tlicsp  ('i;;lit  stations  is  veprc-^ented  li\  the  ei|ii:iti(>ii — 

/^-  Sr.UT  —().()!)  A</)  +  0.1  •,'  J^/.  eos'  f/, 

\vlievr  A</)       0  — TS  .is  and  A>.       ?.  — *•.'".:'.(; 

Tlir  Iscirliiiid  lines  on  the  chart  were  conipnted  hy  the  almve  t'nrnnila  ;  a>  in  the 
rasi>  of  the  declinations  and  horizontal  force  deterininatiniis.  the  eit'ect  of  ;he  m  eul.ir 
chaiif^c  between  the  interval  of  the  two  expeditions  has  been  iietjle(  ted. 

The  observations  are  rei)rcsented  as  follows;  — 


OlH.TVl'll  I. 

('iiin|iati'il  I. 

nill.'n'ihi'. 

I'nrt  l-'oiilkc 

s.'i,  ii:i 

Nl-.'.IS 

+  0.    Il."i 

l.inlrloii  l.-lallll 

st.-i! 

st.ilS 

— 0,-ji; 

(iiiic  r>>iiit 

N.'i.;).'t 

s.'i.07 

4-(i.-J-^ 

llaliliivt  l>laml 

.S,-i.(lll 

><."i,oi; 

— o.(n; 

Nctlili 

s(.!t7 

S.'i.  01 

— o.iiT 

('ii|i(;  (iriiiiicll 

s.-,.l:! 

s|.'.t:2 

+  o,-.'l 

.1  ai'.-lial!  iiiiv 

St.S2 

sj.s:! 

— 001 

\  ail   lilMls.^tlarl 

Ilarlioi'      .... 

SI  77 

Sl.lKI 

—0.1;; 

The  probable  error  of  any  single  representation  is  I  ()'M;{,  and  of  the  re>nllinLr 
lines  +0 '.().")  nearly. 

The  chart  embodies  the  collective  results  for  inai,'netic  distrilmtioii  at  and  near 
Smith  Strait  by  the  two  American  Polar  I'Apeditions,  and  the  years  |s(il.  ls.')S. 
and  IS.jS,  may  be  taken  for  the  respective  epochs  to  whiih  tiie  ^napliical   represcii- 


'  Callod  "  Ijcdovillcil  llcacli"  in  the  iiia.sriiotic  pnpor,  and  in  llir  (irii.'iiial  ncdrd;  it  ii|)|ian'iitly  cuni- 
jirisi'd  the  coast  lii'twi-en  Capes  Infrlc'Cii'ld  and  Iiifrci'snll.  Src  rhart  in  \'(il.  I  of  Ids  nai'iMlivc  Src 
alsip  Sniitlisciiiiaii  ('Diilriluitioiis  t(i  Kiinwlcd^'c  :  Mni^-iu'tii'al  Oli.-i^iTatimi.s  in  the  Ai'ctii'  Sras,  liy  K. 
K.  Kaiif,  M.  ]).,  U.  S.  \.,  I'll-,  etc.,  reduced  and  diseii.<,-ed  liy  C  A.  Seleill,  p.  .•J.",  (iml.li.-lied  in 
Xi)vcmtier,  iS'iH).     The  Idiifrilmle  lias  been  slifrhtly  iinpi-oved. 

=  For  latitude  and  liinjritiidc  see  Asti'ononiieal  Oliservali.nis  in  tlic  .\reiir  S.;is.  I,y  H.  K.  Kane, 
M.  I).,  I'.  S.  X.,  etc.  ele.,  pi'diieed  and  diseus.sed  liy  C.  A.  .^elioll,  11.  II,  Smilhs.inian  (.'onlriliulimis 
10  Knowled^'e  (.May,  Isild). 


Wi 


iiiu'oi:  I)  A  N  p  It  i;sr  i.ts 


tiiliiiiis  lit*  till-  iliNlriliMliiiii  (if  the  ilcrliimtidii,  liori/oiitiil  fni'cr,  iiiid  iiirliiiiitioii  iiiori' 
htrirtly  rcfir.  'I'lir  iirccNsiiry  use  of  nj  stems  of  sfriii;,'lit  lines  fmliiiU  tlieir  extension 
beyunil  the  areii  niiu'lud  out  by  llie  ii(i>itinii  of  tlic  oliserving  Htutions. 


11' )iiiirhn  oil,  Ohsrrnifiniis  of  Ihr  Ainumi  Hoiiiilh, 

It  is  n  remnrkaltle  fact  that  dtiriiiK  the  winter  1S(5()-1H()1  l)nt  three  anntras  were 
seen  and  recorded,  and  tliesi*  were  feehle  and  short  displays.  I'ossildy  some  more 
may  have  occnrred,  hnt  tliey  were  too  faint  to  hi'  recotjnizcd. 

The  following;  notices  are  extracted  from  the  records:  — 

"January  «!,  iHdl.  11  A.M.  lied  imrorii  seen  in  the  north,  e\t(>ndinj,'  from 
liori/on  to  zenith  ;  lasted  aliont  1")  minutes.  T'  ')'"  1'.  M.  Aurora  seen  extending' 
from  N.  to  S.  !d)out  ;{(P;  lasted  nearly  half  an  hour.  !)  1'.  M.  Aiu'ora  seen  the 
same  as  T'  4.V",  about  10  deforces  nearer  tlie  horizon. 

"January  11.  Jleavy  nust  han;,'iii;;  over  the  ice  all  day.  '.]  P.M.  Aurora 
oliserved  in  tlie  west;   extended  to  the  zenith;   lasted  aliout  10  minutes. 

"  l-'eliruary  Ki.  An  aururu  visible  at  1)  1*.  M.  in  the  west;  lasted  about  10  min- 
utes; '2'}"  to  '.W  hifrh." 

The  direction  in  wliicli  the  last  two  auroras  wer(>  seen  coincides  in  general  with 
the  «lirection  of  the  north  en<l  of  the  magiu'tic  needle,  and  with  the  ])ositioii  of  an 
area  of  ojh'U  water,  present  throughout  tiie  winter,  and  exteudiuf;-  within  a  few 
mill's  to  I'ort  l'"oidi\e.  This  hist  remark  may  lie  of  interest  to  tiiose  \\ho  are  ineliued 
to  consider  a  large  area  of  rising  viqior  as  a  l'a\oralile  circumstaMce  for  the  apiieiir- 
ance  of  the  aurora.'  The  noted  paucity  of  aiu'oral  disphiys  is  nufavoralde  to  tlu' 
hypothesis  of  the  coincidence  of  a  maxinnim  fri-tpiency  with  that  of  the  solar  spots, 
the  greatest  range  of  diurmd  motion  in  the  horizontal  uuignetic  needli-  and  the 
greatest  number  of  magnetic  clisturliances,  for  all  of  which  latter  iihenoniena  the 
years  ISliO-l^siil  inclmli'  or  ap[ir(iach  tiie  maximiun  \alne. 


'  .Mi'l('c)riilo>;inil  Olisci'viiliiiiis  in  llii'  Arclic  Sens,  \>\  Sir  I'lMiici.-,  Iirn|i()lil  M'Cliiilnck,  II.  N,, 
l.^.'iT -;'iS-;"i',l.  SiiiilliMiiiiiiii  ('oiiliilMiii.iiis  III  KimimIhIi:'!',  .M.iv,  IsCi'  'I'liliiiliiliijii  uf  uiirui'as,  uilli 
iib.-iirvulions  uml  imti,',-,  li^-  Dr.  |).  \\  alKrr. 


If 


*'f 


m  "t: 


!  i 


i 


fflii 


PART    III. 


TIDAL    OBSERVATIONS. 


15      July,  iseo. 


(  ii;{ ) 


IIKCOUI)  AND  KESULTS 


TIDA  L    ()r.Si:il  VATTONS, 


The  ohsorvations  of  the  tidos  miirlc  l>y  tlio  Arctic  Kx])r(lition  of  Dr.  I.  I.  Tlitvcs, 
at  Port  Foulkc,  Smitli  Strait,  in  iSdO  aiid  ISdJ,  consist  of  two  series;   in  llir  first 
!iro  recorded  the  observed  times  and  liei;,dits  of  lii^h  and  low  water  in   Noveinher 
and  December,  IStiO,  tlu' greater  part  of  it  com- 
prising half-hourly  observations.     The  second 
series    consists    of  observations    of  time    and 
height  of  high  and  low  water  in  June  and  July, 
ISdl.     These   observations  were  taken  (>very 
ten  minutes  about  the  time  of  high  and  low 
tide.     The  total  extent  of  these  two  s(-ts  of 
observations  is  nearly  two  and  a  half  months ; 
a  few  accidental  interruptions,  however,  occur 
in  each  series. 

The  tide  gauge  was  of  sim])lc  and  effective 
construction,  as  shown  in  the  annexed  wood 
cut.  It  was  a  pulley  gauge  mounted  upon  tlu; 
ice  field  in  the  harbor.  The  pidlcy  .and  rope 
were  su])pi)rte(l  by  a  tripod  mounted  ovir  the 
Jiole  cut  through  the  ice ;  the  tide  rope  was 
anchored  at  the  bottom,  and,  in  the  first  series, 
was  divided  off  in  feet  by  proper  marks ;  in 
the  second  S(n'ies  a  pole  was  inserted  upon 
which  the  scale  of  feet  was  marked.  The  tide- 
rope  was  kept  stretched  by  a  counterpoise;  this 
weight  rose  and  fell  with  the  tide.  A  gauge  of 
such  construction  may  be  lialjle  to  disarrange- 
ment from  the  following  sources :  the  rope  may 
stretch,  or  the  ice-field  may  have  a  slow  motion 

and  consequently  incline  the  rope,  or  the  stone  may  drag  along  the  slojiing  bottom 
from  the  effects  of  currents  or  ice  motion;  if,  from  any  cause,  the  ai>i)aratus  fails. 
the  zero  level  of  the  s(  ide  is  easilv  lost,  and  generallv  cumiot  Im-  recovered. 

(115) 


116 


IV  K  C  ()  It  D    .A  X  1)    It  V.  S  r  I,  T  S   0  F 


Sources  ol'  error  in  our  oltservotioiis  Iiave  been  sjieciiilly  exomiiied,  iiml  Midi  cor- 
rections as  were  found  necessary  liave  been  ai)i)lie(l.  The  re.><ults  show  the  caret'ul 
and  conscientious  manner  in  wliicli  these  observations  were  niaih'.  l''or  comparison 
witli  tlie  results  at  Van  lleiissi-hier  Harbor'  from  Dr.  Kane's  observations  in  IS."):} 
and  1S;J4,  tlie  reibictions  are  made  on  a  uniform  phiii,  as  far  as  praeticalile,  and  in 
eacli  case  special  reference  is  <^iven. 

llespecting  tlu'  free  access  of  tlie  tide  wave  to  the  place  of  observation,  the 
locality  was  suitably  selected  (see  the  small  cliart  accompanyini^  the  <liscussion  of 
the  astronomical  observations,  I'art  I  of  this  series).  The  api)aratus  was  mounted 
in  close  vicinity  to  the  brijj;,  near  the  head  of  the  port. 

The  observers,  Messrs.  11.  G.  lladdiif,  (ji.  F.  Knorr,  and  ('.  ('.  Starr,  are  indicated. 
in  the  record,  by  their  initials. 


Record  of  Tide  Obscrvalions  at  rurt  I' 
First  Serins.     1800. 

ouUu',  .Smith  Strait. 

Nov.  17  1'.  M. 

II.  w. 

Jl,   ](jm      is^n.  IJin. 

2    00      lit      2 

2  30      111      3 

3  00       18     11 
3    30      IS      0 

I..  V. 

7  00       10      0 

8  00      10      0 
8    30        It    10 

11  00      y     9 
11  3(t      y    11 

10    30       10       8 

3"  00'»     1(1" 
3    20      15 

I..  W. 
y    00       11 

y  30     11 
y  55     11 

(,11.. 
7 

11 

4 

10 

y'' 3.V"   10"-  0'" 

10    (to       10      1 
10   20      10      7 

-1.  (IIP     ]|ri 
8    00       10 

L.  \V. 
y    20         8 
y   55       8 

10  15         7 

11  (t(t          8 

12  (tit         8 

1  00      y 

2  10      10 

11"' 

8 

3 

0 

y 

0 
3 
3 
C 

r,.  w. 
Not  rc'cordi'd 

P.  M. 

II.  w. 

Not  rucMPi'di'd 

I,,   w. 

y"  15"'     It"   11"' 
y  30      y     7 

10  00      y     0 

Kt    45         8       1 

11  00         8       2 
11     20         8       5 

Nov.  ly  A.M. 

II.  w. 
Not  rocurdcd 

],.   w. 

Not  ri'tordt'd 

r.  M. 

II.  w. 
3    00       18 
3    20       18 

3  40       18 

4  00       17 

I,,   w. 

7  30       12 

8  00      11 
8    35       11 
y   00       10 

2 
3 

1 
11 

0 
0 
0 

11 

V.  M.» 

II.  \v. 

3  15       14       (t 

4  00       14       (1 

4  30      14      y 

5  0(t       14       0 
5    30       13     11 
0    00       13       1 

Nov.  2(t  A. 
11.  \v. 

3  (lit       11 

4  (lit       12 

5  00       12 
5    15       11 

M. 

0 
0 

11 

Nov.  18  A.M. 

n.  w. 
2   00      15      r, 
2    40       10      0 

Nov.  21  A.  M. 

H.  w. 
Not  ivcoi'di'd 

'  Tiilal  ob.^crvatioiis  in  tlic  Anlic  .Seas,  liy  K.  K.  Kaiic,  M.  I>.,  I'.  S.  N.  ;  made  diiriiiL'  (lie  second 
Oriiiiu'll  K.v|ic'ditloii  in  1853-54-55,  at  \'aii  KcnssclaiT  Ilarlior.  Itcduccd  and  di.sciisscd  liy  Cliai'It's 
A.  Scliott.     Sniitlisoniiin  Corilrilnitions  to  KnowliMlfio,  Vol.  XIII,  18110. 

«  lic'twceii  Novelul)ei'  lit  (P.  M.)  and  DftiiuljiT  10,  iiiclusivi',  tlio  new  title  roiie  was  usid. 


MW 


wmmmmm 


Tl  DA  1,   ()i:s  i:  It  V  A  T  lO  N  J*. 


in 


cor- 
•rt'iil 
isoii 

I  ill 


tlK- 

1   of 
itcd 

fed, 


oinl 
rlrs 


NiivcinlxT,  lsi'i(». 



Mean  tlm«. 

1 

! 

1                1 

1 

1 

A. 

M. 

21at 

DO 

J 

2:!.l 

24tl. 

'j-ih        2(;tii 

27(li 

|._,fl     :jn, 

2M1. 

1 

13"  9'" 

;!iitii 

18**   8'" 

0" 

30™ 

7" 

'.)'" 

8'»  r,'" 

!l"00'° 

-  .  -  -  j    O**  4"' 

,3f»  (im 

1 

.   .   .  ■ 

7 

11 

8     2 

8     1 

-  ...  1     8     f) 

11        (1 

12     (1 

12      8 

17  11 

1 

no 

.   .   .  - 

8 

1 

8     2 

8     0 

7     8   ! 

9   1(1 

11      1 

11     9 

1  ti    i; 

I) 

.... 

8 

4 

8     3 

7     8 

-  -  -  -     7    r.  ' 

9     0 

10     2 

10  10 

15     S 

2 

30 

.... 

8 

8 

8     4 

7      8 

.  .  .  .      7     0   1 

8     2 

9     0 

9    5 

14     5 

3 

.... 

0 

<) 

8   11 

7  10 

.  .  .  .  !    0    8 

7     0 

8     1 

8     8    1 

13     1 

:i 

;in 

.... 

10 

5 

!1     4 

8      0 

1   r,    7 

fi     8 

7     2 

7     (1 

12     0 

4 

.... 

11 

1 

0     !) 

8     2 

....  1    7     fi 

fi     C 

fi  11 

7    0 

11     0 

4 

30 

.   .  -  - 

11 

0 

10     4 

0     0 

-  -  -  -  1    7  11 

<;    8 

5     8 

fi    0 

10     2 

5 

.... 

(10 

1) 

11      2 

0     8 

:   8    y 

7     0 

fi     0 

fi     0 

9  10 

5 

30 

-  .   .  - 

11 

0 

12     1 

10  11 

....'■    !)  10 

8     0 

j    7     0 

fi     3 

9     4 

(', 

-   _   .  - 

1-2 

10 

13     0 

12     0 

-  -  -  -     10     9 

9     0 

!    8     0 

7     0 

9     8 

C, 

;io 

.... 

13 

00 

13     7 

12     11 

-  -  -  -   1111 

10     3 

8     9 

8     0 

10     0 

1 

.   _   -  . 

13 

4 

14     0 

13     4 

....     12     7 

11      8 

10      0 

8    3 

10     fi 

7 

30 

.... 

13 

5 

14     2 

14     fi 

-  -  -  -     13  10 

12   10 

11     8 

8     8 

11    10 

8 

.... 

13 

2 

14     3 

15     0 

14     3 

14     0 

:  12     9 

9     2 

12     3 

8 

30 

11"   0'" 

12 

11 

.... 

In     2 

....     15     0 

15  10 

14     0 

12     2 

1 4     5 

9 

10  10 

12 

7 

14     0 

15     4 

...   -     15     2 

Hi     5 

1  15     8 

14     0 

1  fi     (1 

',) 

30 

10     8 

12 

3 

13  10 

15     7 

-  -  .  .     15     4 

17     3 

Ifi     7 

1 1;    0 

17     4 

10 

.... 

11 

s 

13     8 

15     1 

-  -  -  -     15     7 

17     8 

17  11 

17     0 

IS     9 

10 

30 

10     0 

II 

4 

12  11 

14     1 

-  -  -   -     15     3 

IS       0 

18     3 

IS      II 

20      0 

11 

0   10 

11 

0 

12     4 

13   10 

17     8 

1  18     5 

18     7 

20     9 

11 

30 

9     !l 

10 

7 

11     10 

13     5 

17     0 

18     4 

20     2 

21     2 

12 

0     U 

10 

0 

11       0 

12     0 

1 1;    i; 

17   10 

20     0 

21     4 

Oljsci'vcrs: 

.... 

K. 

S. 

....        K. 

K. 

i      S. 

U. 

K 

i  to  4 

i  to  4 

i  to  4 

- 

i  to  4 

!  4to4 

i  to  4 

A  to  \ 

K 

s 

i; 

K, 

*> 

'• 

4AtoS 

i'i  tt)  s 

4\to8 

4^1(18 

lUoS 

4ito8 

4Ho.s 

K. 

s. 

-      -   -         It. 

1!. 

s. 

I! 

] 


118 


It  EC  oil  II    AM>    i;i;SULT.S    OF 


i    I 


Menn 

N'livciiilpcr,  IHCO. 



tlmii. 

1'. 
0" 

M. 

30"' 

2l8t 

22,1 

23.1 
lot  ;jla 

24th 

lia    ((in 

2r.th 

2ntii 

27tli 

2Slli 

2fltli 
19"  8'° 

3litli 
21"  V" 

10" 

1'" 

!l"  !!'" 

14ft  om 

15"  8'" 

17"  0'" 

1 

10 

4 

!)   11 

10      0 

10     8 

13     2 

14   10 

10     2 

19     fi 

21     0 

1 

30 

10 

7 

10     0 

n    10 

10     0 

12     1 

13     8 

1  f)     0 

18     f) 

20     4 

2 

11 

1 

10     1 

it      !» 

9     1 

10     9 

12     1 

13     8 

17     0 

It)     0 

2 

30 

11 

1(1 

10     3 

9     7 

8   10 

9     9 

10  10 

12     1 

10     3 

18  11 

3 

1-2 

0 

11     0 

9     8 

8  10 

8     8 

9     5 

11     0 

15     0 

17   10 

3 

30 

13 

1 

11   10 

10     0 

8     9 

8     0 

9     0 

9     1 

13     8 

10     1 

4 

13 

2 

12     0 

10     4 

9     0 

7     8 

8     0 

8     7 

12     f. 

14     5 

4 

30 

13 

2 

12  10 

10  11 

9     9 

7     7 

7     8 

8     0 

11     (i 

13     0 

5 

13 

3 

13     0 

11     7 

10     0 

-  -  -  - 

8     0 

7     9 

7    r. 

10    r> 

11   10 

f) 

30 

13 

4 

13     3 

10  11 

10  11 

8  10 

7   10 

7     0 

10     0 

11     0 

i; 

30 

13 

1 

13  10 

10     2 

11     2 

9     9 

8  2 

9  0 
9     8 

7     4 

7  9 

8  4 

9   10 

10     3 
10     0 
10     4 

7 

13 

1 

14     0 

13  11 

13     0 

11     0 

9     9 

7 

30 

12 

10 

14     0 

14     0 

13     7 

12     0 

10     5 

9     0 

11     0 

11      0 

H 

12 

2 

13     (1 

13  10 

14     1 

12   10 

11     i\ 

10     4 

11   10 

11      8 

H 

:!0 

II 

10 

13     0 

13     8 

14     0 

13     5 

12     f. 

11     0 

13     0 

12     4 

!) 

11 

0 

12     !) 

13     0 

13  10 

14      1 

13     9 

12     5 

13     8 

13     2 

9 

30 

10 

4 

12     3 

12     8 

13     9 

14     7 

14     4 

13     2 

15     0 

14     0 

10 

10 

0 

11     7 

11     4 

13     0 

14   10 

14     8 

14     0 

10     0 

15     4 

10 

30 

<) 

7 

II     0 

11     7 

12     1 

14     f) 

15     0 

14     7 

10     8 

1  (1      0 

11 

H 

S 

10     T) 

10      8 

II     9 

14     0 

15     0 

1 4     9 

17     5 

10      8 

II 

30 

H 

0 

1)     S 

10     0 

II     0 

12     3 

14   10 

14     4 

18     0 

17     0 

12 

7 

10 

9     0 

9     3 

10     0 

.... 

10  10 

14     0 

14     1 

IS     0 

17     0 

Observers : 

.  . 

K. 

s. 

K. 

K. 

K. 

S. 

H. 

K. 

If 

8^10  12 

i  to  4 

i  to4 

i  to  4 

^to3i 

i  to  4 

i  to  4 

A  to  4 

K. 

S. 

S. 

S. 

K. 

K. 

S. 

,, 

4i  to  n 

4  i  to  r, 

4Uo8 

4  to  r,h 

4ilof.i 

4^10  0 

4  to  8 

s. 

K. 

u. 

I!. 

K. 

S. 

K. 

'■ 

.... 

7  to  8 

7  to  8 

C  to  7i 

r,,Lto8 

Hi  to  9 

.... 

K. 

S. 

K. 

s. 

n. 

m 


11 1>A  I.  ()  i;,'  i:  K  \  A  I'  ION 


n:» 


Mean 

Dfttii  '.(.T, 

Ixio. 

tiinu. 

1 
1 

A. 

M. 

i»t 

il 

1(/'   0'" 

4lh' 

r.th 
l:i"  s'" 

Otii 

"111         ' 

12"  0'" 

Mil 
111"    0'" 

mil 
,,,i,,,„ 

0" 

;{o'" 

n"  ir 

1  i;it   (|iN 

10"  0'" 

12"  0'" 

1 

n  10 

17  1  ; 

n;    :i 

k;    0 

1 1      .! 

l:i     2 

12     2 

Id      11 

10    11 

1 

:{o      ' 

n    1 

17     0   • 

l<;    i; 

k;    0 

1.".     0 

14     0 

12     4    , 

11    d  : 

10      7 

.) 

1 

k;    t 

ir,    i; 

17     0 

It;    0  , 

k;    0 

11   11 

l:!    (1  ! 

11      0 

'.1      7 

■2 

:io 

U)     1 

If)    10 

10    1(1 

Ki     2   , 

k;    0 

1,-)     s 

\:i     11 

12    ;i 

11      t 

;! 

11    :{ 

11    s 

10     7 

It;    2 

17     0 

u;    4  1 

H    :i   i 

i:i    0 

11       0 

»> 

:>o 

i:i    (1 

11      0 

ir.    0 

10     2 

17     0 

17     2 

It    10 

1.1   10 

11    r. 

4 

12    :! 

i;i    li 

It      0 

10     0 

17    :^  ; 

IS     0 

IC.      0 

It     2 

10       1 

1 

■.w 

11       H 

12     0 

la    s 

I.-.    11  ' 

Is     0 

is  11 

10  Id 

1  ('.      0 

It       0 

f. 

10      2 

11      0 

12   10 

It    i; 

17    ;i 

111    1 

17     (1 

IC.    1(1 

It     t 

f) 

lid 

to    0 

10      1 

12     0 

i;!    11 

n;  10 

is   10 

17  10 

17     s 

10      0 

(\ 

!>     S 

1)    11 

11    :! 

l:!    0 

k;    1 

is    ;{ 

is     d    i 

is     f. 

17    Id 

<; 

:i(i 

1)    i; 

1)     Ti 

10     2 

1 2     0 

1.^     7 

17     11 

is     0 

ID     0 

IS     ;i 

7 

!l     11 

1)     ;") 

10     0 

II    11 

11    '.) 

li;  10 

IS    2 

1 11     T) 

111     d 

^ 

;jo 

10      1 

1)     S 

'.)  10 

11       0 

It    :t 

k;    0 

is     d 

1 11     s 

1  11         0 

H 

11      0 

10     0 

10     2 

10     ;■) 

l:i  10 

I.'.    10 

17     S 

III     2 

111     10 

H 

:!0 

12     S 

11    I 

10    c, 

10     0 

l:i     (; 

lo      0 

17     0 

111     7 

2d      d 

11 

It     0 

12     0 

10    1(1 

11       0 

l:i    5 

It     2 

1  (i     11 

111     S 

20      0 

11 

:;o 

If)       M 

i;;    2 

11     10 

11      0 

l:i    0 

It     1 

k;    .■! 

111     0 

111      4 

10 

17     0 

It    1 

13    ;i 

.... 

12   11 

l;i  10 

lo       11 

IS     1 

1 11      d 

10 

;ji) 

is    0 

If)    10 

11     7 

.... 

l:!     2 

l:i     T) 

1.-.      0 

17     2 

IS     r, 

11 

111      0 

17     0 

l.'>    10 

l:i     t 

lit    10 

li!      0 

11     T) 

1 0     0 

IS       0 

11 

;!0 

20     0 

IS      1 

1  (;    0 

1,">     2 

11      2 

i:i    0 

l:!   11 

lo     S 

1  <;     c 

12 

20     (1 

1 11      0 

17    r, 

'   r,     t 

If)      0 

i:i  Id 

l:i     11 

11    ;! 

l,j      0 

Oliscrvoi's: 

s. 

i: 

K. 

1       «. 

11 

s. 

S. 

i; 

K 

i  to  1 

itn, 

K 

;    i  to  1 

:    Ho  t 

\  to   t 

\h  lo  s 

i    i  '"  ' 

i  lo    t 

i  to   li 

11. 

S. 

'        It. 

K 

1! 

i:. 

K. 

s 

4i  to  S 

1  li  to  S 

li  to  ,S 

l.i  to  s 

t.i   to  '^ 

sUn  12 

li  lo  ■< 

4i  lo  s 

0  lo  .s 

" 

K. 

1      S 
i 

U. 

K. 

s. 

S 

1! 

■    Uclwci'ii  2,^  anil  U.'.  Ilii'  tiik'  ropi^  was  loul  of  llii;  siHfiuini  ropi.' ;   at  Idi  il  wa.-,  lalii  ii  iiii,  iTpail'nl, 
iinil  put  down  again. 


120 


11  i.  C  O  ii  i'    ^  S  It    li  h  6  t  i.  i'  b    U  F 


m 


^  m 


)('c('iiilii'r 

l,>i(;o. 

Mcnn 

tiniH, 

1'. 

M. 

1st 

.i,\ 

3<l 

4th 

r.th 
IC"  0'» 

Oth 

7th 

8th 
13"  5'" 

Oth 

O" 

30" 

20'»  8'" 

20"  0'" 

18"  f)'" 

18"  0"' 

14"  1'" 

13"  8'" 

15"  0'" 

1 

20     0 

20     2 

1!)     0 

10     0 

Ifi     5 

14     fi 

13   10 

13     0 

14     0 

1 

30 

20     4 

20     4 

l',»     f) 

10     7 

17     0 

15     7 

14     0 

12   10 

13     1 

2 

1!)     H 

20     2 

10     0 

20     0 

18     0 

Ifi     4 

15    a 

12   10 

11     7 

') 

;jo 

10     0 

20     0 

18     fi 

20     2 

18      fi 

17     1 

15     4 

13     0 

10     0 

;t 

IS     4 

11)     2 

17     8 

20     3 

10     0 

17     9 

Ifi     0 

13     fi 

It    11 

:i 

.■50 

17     0 

18     0 

17    0 

20     2 

19     0 

18     4 

Ifi     7 

14     0 

12     0 

4 

1<>     0 

n    3 

17     0 

20     0 

10     fi 

18    n 

17     0 

14     7 

13     0 

1 

:io 

14     0 

10     0 

Ifi  11 

19     8 

.... 

19     1 

17     fi 

15     8 

13     0 

.') 

12   10 

14   11 

I(i     0 

10     0 

1 0     fi 

19     1 

17   10 

10     4 

14     0 

r. 

no 

■•'     0 

13     0 

If)     1 

18     0 

19     4 

19     2 

18     0 

17     0 

15     1 

t; 

1        8 

12     0 

13   10 

17     3 

18     4 

19     0 

18     2 

17   10 

Hi    0 

ti 

;;o 

10     0 

II      1 

12     (i 

Hi     0 

17     0 

18     0 

19     0 

18     0 

17   a 

7 

0    10 

10      1 

II      0 

14    11 

Ifi   10 

17     C, 

18  10 

19     0 

17    fi 

7 

;io 

!)      S 

'.1    ;• 

10     3 

14     0 

15     0 

Hi   10 

18     0 

19     0 

17      8 

H 

0     li 

1)     3 

0     4 

13     2 

14     0 

10     0 

17  10 

18   10 

17   10 

S 

30 

10     0 

!l     (i 

!)     !l 

12     1 

13     0 

15     1 

17     1 

18      0 

18     0 

9 

10     f) 

10     0 

'.(  11 

11    10 

12     3 

14     2 

Ifi    2 

17     4 

18     0 

!l 

30 

11    10 

10     5 

10     4 

11     0 

11     fi 

13     4 

15     8 

U)     8 

17     0 

10 

12     4 

11     0 

11     0 

11     0 

11      0 

12     0 

14     0 

15   10 

.... 

in 

30 

13  10 

12     0 

12     4 

11     0 

10    10 

10   11 

13     8 

15     0 

.... 

11 

14     f> 

12  10 

13     fi 

12     0 

10    10 

0     8 

12   11 

14     0 

.... 

II 

30 

15   10 

14     0 

14     fi 

12     (\ 

11     0 

9     9 

12     0 

13     0 

.... 

12 

. 

Hi     0 

14    11 

15     2 

13     0 

11      9 

10   .0 

11     8 

12     0 

.... 

Obsprvei'M 

s. 

R. 

K. 

S. 

K. 

K. 

s. 

R. 

K 

. 

4  to  4 

n. 

i  to  4 

4  to  4 

4  to  4 

4  to  4 

K. 

4  to  4 

4  to  4 

4  to  4 

4  to  4 

K. 

s. 

u. 

S. 

R. 

K. 

s. 

4i  to  0 

4i  to  r. 

4A  to  (1 

44  to  (1 

44  to  fi 

44  to  fi 

44  to  fi 

44  to  fi 

44  to  fi 

K. 

s. 

K. 

s. 

S. 

R. 

K. 

S. 

R. 

4 

fii  to  S 

I)A  to  8 

fi-i  to  8 

Nito  12 

fij  to  84 

fij  to  8 

04  to  8 
S. 

fi4  to  8 

04  to  8 

K. 

s 

li 

K 

R. 

K. 

R 

mmm 


Tl  l>A  I,  ()i;s  i:  i;  V  A  no  NS 


l.M 


0 
1 
7 
0 
11 
(I 
0 
1) 
0 

1 

0 
2 
(1 

M 

to 

0 
0 


loth  A.  M. 

I.,  w. 

oh    ooMi      10"  (I" 


:!ii 


II 


10 


11.  \v. 

A            I '..  t; 

8    r.o     -JO  0 

!)              •>  1  0 

11    ;!o     'Ji  0 

10              21'  (•> 

10    ;io     JO  0 
P.. 

I'.  M. 

I,,   w. 

2     .'!0        12  (i 

:•,                 1 2  0 

12  0 

12  I 


liO 


1 


Tiili'  riipc  taken 
ii|i  niid  I'ciiMU'kril, 
Mini  put  iluwii 
iifiiiiii. 

II.  \v 
Nut  ijl),srl'VtM| 


mil  A.  .M. 

1,.  w. 

Not  uli.^t'i'ved 

11.  w. 

Not  ulj.servcd 

r.  M. 

T,.    W. 

.1  ;iO      i:!  1 

i  12  0 

4  30        12  1 

T)  1 2  tl 

f)  ,'{0        12  II 

r,  i;5    1 

s. 

11.  w. 

!)    ao     I'.i    0 

10  1!)     (J 

10  30       11)     1) 

u 

11  30 


IJlh  A    .M. 


Dcci'riiticr,  isTiii. 


Mill    A.  .M 


1,.  w. 


I"    00'" 


I 


JO 


II      T) 
II    10 


II.  \v. 

Ill 

10       30 

II 


2      0 


II 

12 


:;o 


■'2 


P.  M 

1..    w. 


1: 


i; 


I 

I     30  12  2 

T)  I  1  1 1 

5     30  I  I  1 1 

(1  12  0 

(1     30  12  ( 
II. 

II.  w. 

10  30  III  :, 

11  111  .s 

11  30  111  S 

12  111  2 
K. 


:,<• 

30"'       11"  10'" 

i; 

II       11 

i; 

30        \-2      1 

s. 

P.  .M 

11.   w 

1) 

23    10 

II 

.30       23    10 

1 

23     0 

K. 

1..   w. 

i; 

12      0 

11 

30         II       11 

•? 

II       1) 

t 

30        12     0 

II. 

i       1 

.-.Ill  A.  M. 

1 

11.  w. 

0 

Ill      s 

0 

30       111     11 

1 

30         111      1 

1 

s. 

11 

1..    w. 
30        12      0 

I3lli  A.  .M. 
1,.    w. 


30 
30 

K. 

11.   w. 


II  t 
II  0 
II      4 


II 
II 
12 


23     0 

JO        23     0 

22   II 

JO       22     H 

S. 


P.  M 

L.    W. 


r.    30      I 
c,  I 

K. 


12     0 
II    10 


11. 


II.  \y. 
ID     C   1   II     30       III     (1 
ID     0    1    12  ID     II 

12     30        ID     3 
11. 


II    ill 


7      30        12 
K 

P.  M 

II.  w. 
II     30       22 
I  23 

1      30       22 
11. 


1..   w 

30 
S. 


12  0 
12  II 
12     2 


null  A.  M. 
II.  \v. 


I 

1  30 

2 

2  30 


ID  0 

111  2 

ID  2 

IS  D 


K. 


12     4 


P.  M 

II.   w. 

30       ■J2  li 

22  III 

30       22  I 

;> 

I.,    w 

30      i;',    3 

12    III 
30         13      0 
K 


17tli  A.  M. 

II.  w. 

1  30        ID  S 

2  I D  S 
2     30        ID  I 

K. 

1,.  \v. 

llirdiTi'dly 
iili.-i'l'^iil 

P    .M. 

II.  w. 


22     0 
22      I 

21      >> 


!     30 

> 

K. 

1..  w. 

<     30  12  II 

I  1 2  D 

I     30  13  0 

i; 


isth  A.  -M. 

II.  w. 


2  30 

3  30 


IS  r, 
IS  7 
is     1 


S. 

1..  \v. 

S     30  I t  0 

D  1 3  4 

II      30  13  D 

K. 


v.  M. 


II 

II 

III 


l:> 


11 

11 

I 


null  A    M. 
II.  \v. 


:io 


Is 
is 

I  IS 

1      30        IS 
Iv. 


I,,  w. 

11     311        I  I 
10  I  I 

10     .30        II 
II 

P.  M 
II.  w. 

3     .30       20 


10 
III 
II 


30         ID 

s. 

I.,  w 

30  13 
13 

30  13 
13 
K. 

2fltli  A.  M 
II.  w 


0 

III 


I 
1 

10 


I      30 
)      30 


17 

IS 

is 
17 


II. 

I,,  w. 
Ill  l."> 

10  30       If) 

11  I  .^) 

1 1  30       I T) 

12  I') 
S. 


10 
0 
0 

10 


111      July,  i»oa. 


I 


1  «  %« 


UK  CO  lib  AND  11  i:si'i/rs  oi' 


T!~ 


Di'i 

rllllicl',   l^r.ii. 

p.  M 

M.   W. 

11" 
II 

0 i:." 

:;i:      i.". 

1'" 

1 

li 

;iii'"     17" 

Ill'U 

1 

7 

;!ii'"     17' 
17 

1 

H'' 
'.1 

.'ill'"      I  si 
Is 

Ill'" 
',1 

■t" 

;to"'     Is"  T" 

1.' 

1.. 

11 

i; 

:;o      i-s 

;l 

7 

311        17 

0 

It. 

IS    10 

s. 

7 

H 

3 

s. 

"l 

:io      Is  Ml 

1'.  M 

7 

:;o      17 
K, 

!» 

I.,  w. 

11 

1.     w 
17 

3 

0 

1»    .'1 
K. 

1 

II,  w. 
17 

10 

11 

311        1  1 

II 

II 

1   •) 

:;ii      h; 

1  r 

!l 

II 

II 

s 

10 

I,   w. 
:;o       K!     (I 

1 

;io      is 
is 

:!o      1  s 

0 
0 

0 

10 

II 

1..   w. 

.",0      i*; 
i.-i 

3 
11 

12 

12 

1 

13 

311         13 

13 

3 

•» 

:! 

1    J 

12 

1 

I  11 

30        l.'i 

I.-I 

r 

1-2   10 

r> 

17 

',) 

1 1 

.'ill      1.) 
1  \ 

7 

i) 

1 

30        13 

3 

1 

;;o      ;.■) 
1 

II 

11 

;o     1-2  11 
i;!    :i 

p 

i;. 

1  z 
12 

1 

:;o      i.'p 
I.-. 

2 
2 

■I 

13 
K. 

10 

I.) 
S. 

1 

K, 

10 
10 

II 

:;o       l:i 

1 

11 

1 
2 

;;o      ir. 

2 
2 

P.  M. 

11 

i:i 

7 

•) 

30        l'> 

7 

I) 

1(1  A.  M 

II,  w. 

^ 

1st  A.  M. 

11 

:!o       l:{ 

3 

n. 

II.  w. 

il 

30       17 

s 

ri.  w. 

12 

l:! 

>> 

.") 

ic. 

n 

7 

|H 

o 

\ 

lit  (ibsorred 

S. 

r.  M 

II.  w. 

5 

i; 

30      ir, 

17 

10 

7 
s 
s 

30       Is 
is 
30        1 7 
K. 

3 
._> 

L.   W. 

22(1  A.  M. 

4 

30       1 1! 

4 

r> 

30         IS 

0 

.1 

0 

;jo     1".  11 

II.  w. 

5 

n; 

!l 

7 

IS 

3 

111 

ir.    s 

4 

30       17 

2 

f. 

30        17 

II 

t 

30        Is 

10 

10 

no.     ir,    1 

5 

17 

(; 

i; 

17 

II 

s 

I'.i 

0 

Tlic  rope  used  Noveiiiltcr  17  mid  Is  wiis  mciisund,  and  its  'M\  fnt  iiiavk  was 
found  to  bo  30  foot  !H  iiicht's  ;  n  in'oportioiuilc  r'.'diictiou  ot"  tlic  ivadings,  as  rcrordcil, 
is  tli(>rrfor('  to  bo  inad(>. 

A  now  rojio  was  used  bctwoon  Novonilior  l!)  and  Dccondicr  1(1;  the  distauoos 
from  fool  mark  to  foot  mark,  uloiif^  its  ran;,'!',  arc  recorded  as  follows;  — 


0  to  1 

foot 

-   -   -  lliclics 

1        2 

lO.'^i 

2        3 

11. 2r. 

3        4 

11.12 

4      r* 

lO..'') 

5        fi 

11. 25 

f.        7 

ll.'^l 

1        8 

lo.2.''> 

11       10 
10      11 


11.7;- 
10. 

II. 2i: 


11 

to   12  fci't 

1  1       ilM'lll'.S 

12 

13 

10 

13 

14 

1 1 . .") 

14 

1,T 

Iit.2,-) 

1.') 

10 

lii.T) 

It! 

17 

17 

IS 

IS 

10 

!t.  ,■> 

10 
20 
21 


20 
21 


13 


From  tho  above  tlie  followini:  table  of  enirected  measures  has  been  made  out  :  — 


M.irk  ( 


0  ff.'t 


10 


('orri'.«iiouiIiiin  tiuu 
0.0  ft't'l 
1.0 
1.9 
2.8 
3.7 
4.0 
6.5 
0.5 
7.4 
8.3 
9.2 


■M:iik  oil  rdpe.         Corro.^iioiicliii(:  IriU! 


i.liug. 


II    foct 

12 

13 

14 

l.") 

Ill 

17 

IS 

I'.I 


10.  1 
11.0 

ll.lt 

12.S 
13.7 
U.fi 
15.1 
10.5 
17.3 
Is.S 
20.0 
21.0 


wsm 


Tl  l»  A  I,    It  II  si:  I!  V  A  IK)  \  S 


'I'lii-i  tolilc  iiiiu'lit  III'  iisrd  I'lir  ( (ifnclin:,'  nil  uIim  r\i(l  li(i:,'lit>  nl'  ilir  li.jc  lut 


Wrtli 


r.)  011(1  i)< 


tovcniiicr  \'.i  011(1  l)(  <■(  mill  r  10;  Imt  1  tli()ii;,'lit  it  inifcrolilf  tn  MipiioM'  tliot  tlic 
rope  wos  ot  tii'st  roncitly  iiiorkcd  Itiit  choiipd  oftirwonis.  An  ('Siiiiiiiiotioii  ot'  ihy 
iMcaii  level  of  the  sen  iiidicotcd  ii  siuoll  l)iit  Miiiicwliiit  oliniiit  iiicreose  in  the  rcodiiii; 
lifter  the  rirst  liif,'li  water  of  November  '.'!ltli,  and  ajxniii  a  similar  iiu  rea-e  ai'tcr  the 
fast  lii;,'li  water  of  Decemlx'r  Ith  ;  1  ha\('  thert^fore  aipjilied  //-- cuirt  t  tiou  to  the 
l-eadili;,'s  of  the  rope  hetween  Noveiuher  lilth  and  NoMlilher  "-'iMh.  "J  1'.  M. ;  aiol  have 
applied /*(///' the  correction  In  twceii  the  last  named  date  and  Deceiiilur  llh.li  \.  M. 
It  seems  that  tin  apparatus  was  not  in  j,'ood  working,'  order  during'  the  lust  hi:,'h 
tide  as  tlie  readin.'s  for  four  hours  indicate  some  defect.  After  Deceiuher  \,  (!  A.  M.. 
the  lull  correction  was  applied.  »)u  the  lltli  of  Deceinher  the  rope  wa>  taken  up 
and  ve-marked,  liinl  the  re,idin;,'s  from  and  after  tliis  dale  mn-t  he  t  ikeii  as  (iirr((t. 

'l"o  olitain  ii  clo^'  r  determination  than  half  an  liour  of  the  time  of  hiirli  and  lo\v 
tide,  the  heiichts  \\.  re  plotted  and  a  cnr\c  drawn  thr(Mii,di  the  points  with  a  free 
liand  from  uliich  tlie  time  was  made  out  \\itli  an  uncertainty  i,'en(  rail)  not  e\ceed- 
in;^  ten  minutes. 

The  times  and  correspondin;,'  hei;,dits  will  he  i,'i\-en  after  the  record  of  scries  two 
of  (»l)ser\iitions  ;   see  'I'ahle  I. 


lU'i'iird  lit'  Tiilr  ul. 

-rrviiiiuii^  111  I'lirt  t 

MlllK 

r.  Slllilll  .>iruil. 

•Srciiliil  -rrirs.       1  sC, 

. 

Jiuic  t:  A.  M. 

'.I''  :!(i'"  20". :i 

11''  1(1'"   I7".s5 

IIIR'  M   \     M. 

;|l,   f,(,m     |._)H    1 

II,  w. 

10             .15 

20           .s 

1,.  w. 

1      00               .0 

Ill''  00'"  17".s 

5o           .I'l 

:;o           (',;■. 

1 

10'"  |:;".ii 

III        lis 

10           .s.'i 

lo   (III           .7 

Ill          .1 

20       I2.S5 

20           ;i 

•JO             .s 

lo           .75 

K 

;;o         ,7;i 

:;ii          r, 

.■;o         ,7'« 

20                S 

40           .5 

40            5 

■to           .7 

."II            ,s 

1'    .M 

.50            4 

50            5 

all           .."i.'i 

HI             s 

I,    w 

.'l 

00               25 

5    0(1             ..'ij 

!!. 

5o           ,75 

;    00       11. 15 

III       .1 

1(1              55 

IV  M 

1 1   (Ml          i;5 

•0          .:, 

2(1             (15 

20          i; 

10              .(i 

a          .5 

oO             (i5 

lio         .7 

1,.    w. 

:;  00      I'j/j.-) 

10                .O.'l 

H. 

m       .f) 

40           .05 

s 

40           .5 

5(1            .05 

lo   00       20.7 

'Jo          .0 

.liiM.'  7  .\.  .M. 

50           .5 

i; 

00           .25 

III 

."ill         11. '.la 
10             .',1") 

r..  w. 
:!  :i(i      l:!.l 

5    0(1           .',1 
K. 

K. 

II    w 

20       21   1.-, 

:;o          Ii 

all            .!! 

4(1        12..S 

lo 

00         Is  1 

40            75 

1     00             .'.iri 

50          c, 

II    w 

III 

50         .:i 

10             .'.l.'i 

4    00             .15 

'.I    :!(l       20.5 

20            .;!.! 

II    00       22.0 

•Jll             .".15 
:!0        12.(15 
10            .15 

10         .:!5 
20           .25 
:!(!           .15 

40              (1 
."HI              .'.1 

10  00        21.0 

lo         .1 
20           .4 
;!0           .5 
40            I'l 
50           .('i5 

11  00            .(i5 

:!o         .5 
to          (;5 

50            .7 

lo          .1 

20               15 

:;o          2 

50            .2 

5    00            .25 

40           .1 
50           .15 

11 

00            7 
III            72 

40            2 
50            .1 

10          .:{ 

20           .5 

H. 

5   (10           .15 
10           .2 
20           .25 

;fo         .:i 

20           .7 
:!0          .(;2 
40            .45 

S.                1 

12    00             .0 

s. 

P.M. 

It. 

10         .(;5 

June  i)  A.  .M. 

II.  w. 

20           .05 

1'.  .M. 

I,,    w. 

1)    00       li).<!5 

II.  w. 

HO        .n 

1,.    \v. 

4    :;o        I.!.! 

10            .11 

10    50         IS.II 

10          .:!5 

.» 

;:o      12.55 

40           .1 

20       20.1 

11     00         17.!l 

K. 

40         .:!s 

50     i2.;i 

IM 


It  i:c(nt  i»  A  N  It  II  i:sr  i/is  ok 


f>i'(iiii(|  si'i'ii"*,  1><(I1,  —  Continiiiil. 


)         1    J 
■    I 


40  .1 

f)0  .4 

11  00        .ri5 

10  .<i5 

20  .7 

;io  .H 

40  .s 

r.o  .7.') 

I'i  110  ,7r> 

10  .(;5 
11. 

p.  M. 

1,.   w. 

i2.r)r. 
.:!') 
.I.-) 

.0 

r>o     — 
f)  (10     11.7:) 

10  .7 

'20  .f,:) 
;io  ,('.5 
40  .(;;> 
50  .7 

.75 


111 

'JO 

:to 

40 


fi    00 


H 

IV  M. 
II.  \v. 

11   (10      'Ji.i; 

10  .8 

'20       '22.05 
;!0  .2 

40         .:} 

50  .:!5 

13    (10  .4 

10  .4 

'20  .4 

;iO        .:i5 

40  .25 

K. 


June 

1»  A. 
w. 

M 

Ju 

5''  00"' 

12" 

r  h 

10 

15 

20 

:to 

.  15 

40 

5(1 

n  00 

10 

20 

:to 

H. 

••• 

7 

1 

.  w. 

•  10  A.  M. 
I.  w. 

>>(|m    I  on  l| 

:io        ,7 

40  15 

50  .4 


00 
10 
20 

;io 

40 
50 
00 
10 
20 


11 


.:i 

.05 

.0 

.0 

.0 

.0 

.05 

.15 

;i 


II.  \v. 

11  00  18.2 
10  .5 
20  .("> 

;!o  .M 

40  .0 

50  m.o 

12  00  (15 
10  .1 
20  .1 
:!o  .1 
40  .1 
50  IS.',) 

K. 

I'.  M. 

I,,  w. 

5    00  12.5 

!0  .4 

20  .25 

;jo  ,1 

40  .0 

50  11.0 

n  00  .'.I 

10  .'.I 

20  .0 

:;o  .0 

40  12.0 

50  .1 

K. 


II.  w. 


:!o 

40 
50 
(10 
10 
20 
.-!() 
40 


21.11 
22.  :i 

.4 

.(1 
.7 

..s 


I    (10  .7 


20 


.liiiic  II  A    M 

I.,  vv. 

5    40  111. 2 

50  I2',i 

(',   (10  .7 

10  .45 

•JO  .;i 

;!o  .15 

40  .0 

50  11,0 

7    00  .!• 

10  .0 

2(»  .0 

;io  .!) 

40  .!t5 

50  12.05 

M    (III  .2 

K. 

V.  M. 

II.  w. 


00 
10 
20 

:io 

40 

50 
00 
10 

■JO 

:iii 


IM.I 


.7 

.75 

.H 
.0 
.'.I 
.0 

.S5 
.S 
75 


I.,  w. 


:;ii 

40 
50 
00 
10 
20 

;io 

40 

50 
00 
10 

211 

;:ii 


12.4 

.:( 
.:i 

11.  "15 
.11 
.1) 
<l 

.11 

.11 

IJ.O 

.1 


s. 


.Tiiiif  12  A.  M. 

II.  w. 
0''  III'"  21".  1 


40 

50 

I     (10 

10 

20 

;;ii 

10 

5il 


12.1 

.15 
«) 
>> 
2 

A 

.0 


2   III"       21. 1» 
S. 


I,,  w. 


12.7 
.4 

.0 


lit 


(1  ;;ii 

40 
511 

7  (10 
10         11.11 

JO  '?'■• 

:!ii  .7 

40  .0 

50  .0 

8  110  .r> 
10  .(■, 
JO  .7 

:;o  .8 
S. 

I'.  .M. 


II.  w. 


18.0 

0 


0  :!o 

40 
50 

1  00 
10 
20 

no 

40  .(! 

50  .(i 

2  00  .55 
10  .5 
20  .;!5 

K. 


:i 


.fi 


7  nil 
10 
JO 
:iii 

10 
50 

8  (10 


12  4 


«•"  lO" 

12"  2 

20 

.4 

K. 

.liiiii' 

l;i  A  M. 

1 

.  w. 

0  40 

20.7 

50 

.;i 

1  00 

21.2 

1     "" 

.•\'* 

20 

.5 

:io 

.0 

40 

.7 

50 

.7 

2  00 

.  1 

10 

.7 

20 

.(;5 

:io 

.  1 

K 

1 

,.  \v. 

7  00 
III 

JO 

:!o 
40 
5il 

8  (III 
10 
20 

:;o 


12.11 
.7 
.5 
.:! 
.1 

.0 

11 II 

.11 

12.1 


I'.  .M. 


II.  w. 


00 
10 
'20 

:!() 

40 
50 
00 
10 
20 

;to 

40 

5(1 
00 
10 


7    --' 
:;(i 

40 

5(1 


17.11 
18.1 

!:l5 

.45 


.  1^1 
.75 
.75 
.75 
.75 
.75 
.55 
.45 


w. 

i;{.4 


'II  HA  I,   oil-  i:  i;  \  A  'I'  I  (»  N  ,s 


>r,n|„| 

-<!■'.'  -.    1*1,1.      -1   ■■" 

1,, / 

.liini'  lal*.  M. 

s^ 

SO'"  in",:!.'! 

4*  no'"  i!i"o 

V'  (1 l-*"  1 

1.      W 

I.,    w, 

:io        .ii/i 

JO         Ivl'.-i 

lo             11 

|0'> 

;i(r  i;;"  ;.. 

N"  00"'  |:i'Mr> 

10              .J 

.'lO                11,1 

JO                 ll.'i 

Ill           1.1 

10        .i:> 

:ii»          i:. 

.'i       (10                 S 

;;o       I'.ij 

.',0                  J.I 

■j(i        .\:> 

!» 

00             .1 

K 

to            1 

II 

no            II 

•M)            .'i 

lo           o.'i 

.'.0           7 

In         IJ  •! 

10              Ci 

•Jo             .O.'p 

1.    w 

.'i     00           ;i 

Jo              » 

K 

:;o           1 

11       (Ml           1  t    t 

111         JO  0 

;!o          7,    i 

10          .;i 
r,o         .  1 

10         .:( 

JO              1 

JO              1 

:io          .:i 

10 
fill 

7 

JiOK'  It  A.  M. 

K. 

ilO            .1 

40 

IJ 

no 

.'. 

II.   w, 

1     :iii       -JO  7 

4t>          .(»ft 

TiO             .0 

Ml         .('i 
(1     00          .t'l 

lo 

JO 

.'J.'. 

to          .'.» 

•loiic  i;.  \  .\i 

|H       (III                 0 

10           7.'' 

llll 

:i 

fiO         '.'1.0 

II.    u 

lo             0 

:'o           ,7."> 

10 

11 

2    00          .-2 

•> 

lo        I'.i.s.-) 

JO               0 

;io         .7:' 

.',0                   ll.'l 

10         ,;< 

JO         JO  1 

;:o         .1 

to              (1 

1 

(III          t 

•JO           .lift 

:;o          J 

l< 

.•,0            ,  t 

III          1.' 

:io         .!ir> 
10         .:i:. 

10          .:; 
.Ml            .  I.'i 

H'i'iiii'.'  wiiiil  liMiii 

JO                .1., 

r,o         .;i.i 

;! 

00                ..') 

.Iiinc  \i\  A.  M 

s  \v 

.MI'i 

III';'  \\  iml  ll"lii 

;!    (10         .:!.') 

Ill          .i'l.'i 

II.   u. 

S.   U 

10         .;i 

JO             .'i.'i 

J       to        JII.J 

1.    >v, 

•JO               ••J.") 

:;o          ..'i.'i 

Ml           .  1 

!•    \1 

:;o      ■.'o.'.i 

III                   ..''i.'i 

:!     00            .;'i 

1,1     lo       ir,.(i 

II.  « 

K. 

.Ml             .'I.". 

10              .(I.'i 

JO          l.'i.'.l 

1 

110       |r,.'.i 

t 

00              .1 

JO             .C.'i 

','.»             .1! 

to       1;  J.', 

1.    w. 

l\ 

;;o         .c.'i 

Ill                I 

.'ill           .7 

7     10       l:i.o 

to          .7 

.Ml               1 

.'l 

Oil 

li.i 

JO         IJ.'.I 

I.,  w. 

.Ml            .7 

11    00      nil 

lo         1- 

1.-. 

.•<    00          .7 

s 

:!o      ij.s 

1     00          .7 

10           .s 

Jll 

ll.'l 

10           .1 

10         .r. 

10          .7 

JO              ..'1 

110 

ll.'l 

L'O              .'J 

fill         .1 

JO          .c.'i 

:;o        .1 

10     r.i 

0 

;io         .  1 

ii 

Ml              .J 

;;o         .;'i.^i 

to         .:i 

.',11 

ll.i 

10              .0 

10              .11 

to         .;! 

.Ml         .:; 

(', 

no 

:i 

r,o      11,  !i 

JO         11. '.1 

K. 

IJ       nil                  1 

10 

t 

',1      00               .',» 

:;o         .11 

10              .1 

•J  II 

.* 

Ill       Il>  1 

10               .11 

11    :;ii 

JO                  1 

llll           JO 

11 

K. 

."lO             .s 

i'lilr  ciirricl  MWiiy 

:)o           J."' 

to 

.} 

10 

(III             .s 

liv   a   ^ll■lllllr   .'•'. 

K 

.'ill 

t 

1'.  M. 

10           .s 

W.  jriilc 

Sti'iiiiff  wiiiii  IViiiii 

7 

(10 

,*i 

II.    w. 

1     .'ill       17.11 

JO            .s 
.•;o          .11 

.-<.  w. 

to 
JO 

II 
II 

•J     no       is.i) 

10          IJ.O 

.lillir   IT  .\.  .M. 

:io 

ll.'l 

10            l.-i 
•JO         .;! 

K. 

'I'lir  llllil|,,r  iif  llll' 

.Iiiiic  is  A.  Al 

to 

.',0 

ll.'l 
ll.'l 

:;o         .  t 

IV  M. 

|i,ilc      WHS      ImIxI'II 

li.   w. 

H 

llll             11 

10           .T) 

II    w. 

up,  ;iiiil  till'  iMilc 
1         1 

lo 

.'ill          i; 

•-' 

;;o      \;.s 

iT|iiiin'(l  iinil  ri'- 
liliiciil.   TIm'  Imt- 

I'l      (Ml         1^,7 

111         ..s 

Jii             .  1 

:i    00         .(;.■) 

■to           .11 

JO          .11 
::o      liio 
to          .0 

1)0                  II 

10         .i;."> 
Jo         .i;.') 

•  > 

Ml      is.i 
00        .'^ 

10              ..'') 

liiiii    i.-;    >-iu|iiiii_'. 

mill       till'       /.rl'ii 

]i(iiiit     Ilicrrl'iiiT 

.•>!!• 

,>«l. 
iiij'  « iml  ri'iiiii 
v    W 

;to          .('i.') 

ililVcrs  fmiii  tliiil 

Till          .0 

10         .(;.") 
;■)(>           .l.'i 
Iv. 

JO              .(1 

III"  Ilir  I'liriiirl'  (ili- 

7     00         .0 

I,    w. 

oO               .(i 
to             .11 

,-c  rviilli)ii>'. 

lo         I'^s 

Jii            .', 
K 

II 

nil       lii.r, 

Till           .11 

P.  M. 

III             t 

1,.  \v. 

4 

(Ml      r.id 

II.   w. 

JO             .1 

K    110       l:!.'.i 

Id               .0 

:;     to      17.11 

.•"inniL'  «  iml  t'riini 

i;0           I.'i.  11 

10               .ft 

JO                 (1 

.Ml        Isl 

S.  \V. 

40          .(', 

II 


I 


I 


126 


It  vA'oii  I)  A  N  I)  1!  i:sr  r/rs  of 


St'ciinil  scries,  ISIil. — Coiili 


.liiiif  IS  I'.  .M. 


r-  w. 
II''  f.d'"  i:.".; 


12     (l(( 


,1 


10        14. '.I 


20 
.'iO 
10 
fiO 
(10 
10 
i-'O 
;jo 

40 

r.o 

00 
10 


14 


S.  W. 


.0 
.4 

.;i 
.1 

.Oj 
.0 

.1) 
.1) 
.<) 
.0 
.1 

from 


j(i  i: 


fi''    '.W    l!l".' 
40  .! 

f)0 

7  0(t 

10 
20 

;io 

40 

r.o 

8  00 
10 
20 

ao 

40 

.'■.0 

tl     00 

10 


,  (■„"> 

.'.I 

.(),■> 


.0 
.  O;") 
.05 
.0 
.(! 


.Iiiiic  lit  A.M. 


11.  ;v. 


40 

r.o 

00 
10 
20 

no 

40 

r.o 

00 
10 

20 


1  s.  c, 

.75 

.8 

.!i5 
I'.i.O 

.05 

.1 

.1 

.0 

.0 
is.li 

.75 


Stroiiii  wiiiil 
S.  W. 


P.  M. 


],.  \v. 


0     00 
10 


I:;.:!.-) 
.0 


20  12.;i 

30  .7 

40  .5 

r.o  .5 


1  00 
10 
20 

;jo 

40 

50 


.45 


n 


Slronu'  wiiiil  from 
S.  \V. 


Jiiiii'  20  A.M. 


II.   w. 


40 

18,(15 

50 

.75 

00 

.1)5 

10 

.  '.15 

20 

r,i.(i5 

30 

.05 

40 

.05 

50 

.05 

00 

.0 

10 

1  S. !I5 

20 

.K 

1'.  M. 


1  00 
10 
20 

;io 

40 
50 

2  00 
10 
20 


I2.lt 


.45 


40 

50 

I'dlc  taken 


r.  M. 


10 


(1(1'" 

10 

20 
:i() 

40 
50 
00 
10 
20 
ISO 
40 
50 
00 


M.O 

.;{ 

.5 
.0 
.7 

.7 
.7 
7 

.05 
.5 


Slronjr  wind  from 
fci.  W. 

I,,  w. 

Nut  observed 


June  21  A.  ,^I. 

L.  W. 
1  30 


40 
50 
00 
10 
20 
30 
40 
50 
00 
10 
20 


H. 
1(1 

2(1 
30 
to 
50 
(10 
lo 
20 
30 
40 
50 


14.7 
.3 
.1 

13.0 
.5 
.2 

12.0 
.0 
.5 
.5 
.5 
.7 


w. 


i7.(;5 

.M 

.  '.)5 
is,  2 


10  0(1 
10 


P.  M. 

I,,  w. 

1  40  12.S 
50  .5 

2  00  .3 
10  .0 
20  11.75 
30  .5 
40  .2 


3''  00'"  10".  85 


20 
30 
40 
50 
00 
10 
20 
30 


10 


11 


II.  w 

40 
50 
(Id 

10 
20 
30 
40 

50 

00 

10 
20 
30 
40 
50 
00 
10 


.3 

O 

.!> 

.4 

.5 

20,0 
o 

.55 
21.15 

.4 

.0 

.8 
22.0 

.05 

.1 

.1 

.1 

.1 

.1 

.0 
21.0 


June  22  A.  M. 


00 

11.3 

1(1 

.1 

20 

.1 

30 

.1 

40 

0 

50 

.3 

00 


11  00   ls.7 
lo    .(; 


1 0.0 


4(1 


00 
10 
20 
30 


1(1''  40" 
50 

11  00 
10 


30 

•  7 

40 

.0 

50 

.•> 

nun  23  . 

I.,  u 

30 
40 
50 
(10 
10 
20 
30 
40 
5(( 

(10 
10 
20 
30 


Id 
II 


\.  M. 


10 


0 

s 


.S.l 
,!l 


(I, 

."lO 

(Id 
Id 

2d 
3d 
40 
50 
(Id 
Id 


is.c, 


Is 


,d 
,d 
,(( 

,0 

I 


lo,(; 


10 


40 


(10 


;>d 


Id 

11  Od  22,0." 

Id  .3 

20  .45 

30  .(1 

40  .7 


mam 


TI  DA  I.    (»I!SK  r.V  .\  T  IONS 


127 


Scrond 

.siTirs,   ISlll.  —  Ciii,l 

iiiiifil. 

June  2:i  1'.  M.     i 

11" 

40'"  22^.2 

.Tniio  2fi  A.M. 

fi"    50"'   12".l 

I.    w 

II.  w. 

50            .3 

11.    w. 

7     00          .0 

7'   oil"  I:;".;;.-, 

11" 

50'"  22^75     ; 

12 

(III            .5 

o''   (10'"     21".  4 

111              .0 

Ill           1 

0 

00           .75 

10            .7 

10         .i;5 

■JO           .0 

20       i-j.'.i;, 

10           .75 

20                 >! 

20         .11 

:;o      11. s 

.'10                 s 

:;o         ,:i 

30       22.0 

40             .S        \ 

40           .7 

1 

20           . 1       , 

40            .11 

10            .2 

.".0               .S 

50             .(•, 

S. 

50           . 0 

50           .35     ; 

,s     no       12.1 

>     on       

1 

00            .8 

1      00            .4        ! 

K 

Ill             [\ 

- 

10         .7 

10             5 

Heavy  u  iinl. 

20          i; 

.line  24  A.  :M. 

S. 

20             (1 

:;o          .i; 

5 

I,.  \v. 
.'SO        11.1 

30           .('> 
40           ..•,.-, 

.lime  27  A.  -M.   ■ 

40          .7 

50           .7.'i 

.IiiiK'  25  A.  M. 

40           .0 

I..  \v. 

50            .1 

0.  \v. 

0      00            .11 

50       10.  sf) 

C 

20       11.2 

It 

r     no       21.1 

s. 

0 

00         .s 

30          .0 

lliavv  Li'iili'  I'lMia 

10 

10          .7 

40         10.11 

■s.  ^v. 

20           .11 

20           .(1 

50           .8 

I.,  w. 

30           .7 

.Illllr  2^  .V.  .M. 

80           .f. 

7 

00           .7 

i;    10     12.11 

40           .11 

II.  w. 

40           .0 

10           .7 

20            .5."i 

50           .11 

1      30        -Jii.  ( 

50           .fi 

20          .7 

311          .:! 

2     00           .11 

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7 

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30           .85 

10          11.11 

111       22.0 

50           .11 

10          .7 

40           .!(5 

50            .S 

20           .0 

2     00       -Jl.o 

20        .;» 

S. 

7     00          .5 

30       21. s 

10             .1 

11 

II.   w. 
10       18.25 

11 

II.  \v. 
30       17.8 
40 

50        1S.L>5 
00            .5 
10            .7 
20           .8 
30       111.05 
40           .2 
50           .2 
00           .25 
10           .25 
20           .2 
30           .2 
40           .1 
50       18.1.15 
U. 

10          .5 
20           .3 
30           .3 
10           .05 

K. 

SU'onj;  uiiiil. 

I,.  \v. 

20            1 

■      30            . 1 
40           .1 
."lO          .o."i 

20          .5 
iW          .7 
40          .0 

12 

;'iO           .115 
8      00            .1 
10            .1 

7      10        12.1 
20           .1 
30        1  1  It 

3     00       20.11.") 
,s. 

12 

50       I'J.O 
00           . 1 
10           .2 

20           .2 
30            .2 
40           .3 

40           .7 

50           .7 

8     00           .5 

I.,   w 

7     30       |:;.o 
10       1  •_'.•- 

1 

20          .2 
:30           .2 
40           .1 
50           .0 
00       IS.O 

1 

50           .4 
1!. 
llcavv  uriilc  from 
S.  W. 

10            .5 

20          . 1 
30            .1 
10            .1 

50            .4 

oo          .i; 
s    00          .:;."i 
10           .1 
20          .0 
30        11.11 

S. 

!'.  M. 

II.  w. 

11     00            .4 
10              1 

40           ..s 
50            .S 

P.M. 

0     .'io        is.  1 

20             7 

11     00           .8 

I,,  w. 

\h 

aw  iTiili'  fi'diii 

40             2 

K. 

10            .8 

5 

10       11.35 

50             .  t 

20           .S 

20           .2 

p.  M. 

1     00          .7 

!'.  M 

;;o         ..s 

30       10.115 

I..  \v. 

10          .7 

II     w. 

|0               .11 

40           .0 

5 

50        11.11 

20            .s 

1     00       17.11 

.Ml        12  0 

50           .8 

i; 

00           .s 

30            .11 

10       is.o 

s. 

r, 

00           .8 

10           .fi 

10        111.0 

20           .2 

10             .8 

20           .5 

oO             .0 

;;it         .:! 

I'  .M 

■ 

20           .H5 

30           .4 

2      00             .0 

40           .5 

0.  \v. 

30           .11 

> 

40           .3 

10            .0 

50            .(',.■) 

2     00       17.0 

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2    00         .7 

10         Is.ll 

S. 

►T 

00           ,3 

30        18..^ 

10            .8 

20           . 1 

10           .3 

K. 

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H.   W. 

20           .4 

Ilcuvy  wiiiil 

.",0           .11 

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11 

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40            .11 

oo           .5 

10       21.3 

II. 

1..   w. 

oO            .11 

;l     00           .5.') 

20           .05 

Ilcnvv  jTiilc  from 

{',     :!0      "12.5 

3     00            .75 

10           S< 

30       22.0 

S.  W. 

40            .3 

S. 

20           .i\ 

"f?f»^ 


128 


i:i:rouD  and  i;i;si'lts  or 


:;'l 


Sc'ciiiid 

SITil 

<,  ISC.l.  —  ('out 

ilUICtl. 

1''    00™    14".  15 

June  28  V.  M. 

3'' 

00"  IDf'.O 

3" 

40™  18".  75 

I>.  M. 

H.  W. 

10           .2 

50           ..s5 

11.   \v. 

10            .25 

3''   30™  1S".0 

20           .3 

4 

00           .0 

4''    30'"   |s".',i 

K. 

40           .5 

30           .4 

10       111.  15 

40         I'.l.l 

50          .4 

40           .4 

20           .2 

50            .2 

P.  M. 

11. 

50           .45 

30           .2 

5     00           .3 

11.  w. 

4 

00           .45 

40           .2 

10            .5 

I.,  w. 

10           .45 

50         '..3 

20            .Ci 

5     4(1        l'.i.4 

fS    0(1       i:i.(i 

20           .5 

5 

00            .4 

30            .(-,5 

50           .5 

10      

.".0        .(; 

1(1            .4 

40           .7 

(')    00            7 

20           .4 

K. 

20            .35 

5(1           .75 

1(1           .75 

30           .3') 

.3(1            ..35 

(1      00            .8 

2(1           .n5 

4(1           .3 

I,,  w. 

40            .3 

10          .s 

30            .'.1 

r.O           .20 

8 

5(1        15,5 

50            ,  25 

20           .8 

to            .'.(5 

!)     00           .25 

!l 

00           .4 

s. 

30           .8 

50        20.0 

10           .25 

1 0             .  35 

40           .75 

1      00             .1 

20           .3 

20            .3 

I.,  w. 

50           .7 

10             .1 

30           .3.'> 

30            .2 

0 

40       IC.l 

7     00           .('.5 

20          .1 

11. 

40           .2 

50            .0 

10           .(i 

30            . 1 

10 

.50           .2 
00            .2 

10 

00      i.-i.;i 

10            .X 

s. 

40           .1 
50            . 1 

Jiinr  211  .\.  >f. 

10             3 

20            .8 

1..  w. 
10     .30        1(;.7 
40          .7 
50           .115 

8      00              .1 

0.  w. 

2    (10      ii;.4 

20           .5 
K. 

30          .75 
40           .7 

10             .05 

20      r.i.'.t 

10            .5 
20           .5 

11 

50          .7 
00           7 

11      00           .55 
10            .45 

K 

30            .5.') 

.Iiiiic  :!o  A.  .M. 

10          .7 

20        :.;:> 

1..   \v. 

10            .55 

11.   w 

20           .s 

30            .3 

11      50         lli.li.'i 

50            .r)5 

3 

to       20.2 

30         .sr. 

40           .2 

12     (10            .5 

:;    00         .55 

50           .4 

^^ 

5(1           .2 

10             t 

10         20.S 

4 

00         .(; 

10              ,(i 

12  (10            I 
10            1 

20            .15 

30             3 

20           .« 

20           .(i5 

,1 

Illy  1  A.  M 

20            1 

40            ..3 

30            .7 

30           .7 

If.  w. 
10       1'.).  1 

30            .0."i 

.'lO            .1 

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.) 

4  0            .05 

1     00           .05 

riiuirlil   iiiid   nut 

50         .  r, 

20           .2 

50             05 

10              .0 

ili.-.cipv('nil      till 

5 

(10         .(; 

.30           .2 
40           .2 
50           .2 

1       00               1 

20           .0 

Imj  liilc. 

11, 

10           ,4 
K. 

10            .2 
11. 

30            .0 
40             ,0 

5 

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50            .0 

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1..  w. 

10            .1 

2     00             .0 

s     30       l:!.s 

to             .(',5 

;i 

20        )ll 
.30        13. '.15 

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July  2  A.  .M. 

10             .1 

2(1            .25 

30            .0 

11.  \v. 

50           .5 

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s. 

5      30        1.x.  5.'» 

K. 

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50            .75 
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10            .C, 
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10 

I.,  w 
00       14.5 

40            .(1 
50           .(i 

i;    00         c, 
10         c, 
20             .■) 
30            .15 
II. 

July  3  A.  M. 

40            .1 

30             .(> 

10        

11.   w. 

50           . 1 

40            .(', 

20           .3 

(1     10       ls.2 

10     00           ,1 

,50        .r. 

30           ,25 

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11 

00           .7 

40           .15 

30           .4 

20             .3 

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1,.  w. 

40           .4 

K. 

20           ..S 

11 

00            .0 

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50            .4 

s. 

10             (1 

12     (10           .1 

7      00             .4 

r.  M 

20            .0 

10           .1 

10            .4 

11.   w. 

I'.  M 

30            .0 

20            .1 

20            .  t 

2     30       is,.-, 

11.   \v. 

40            .05 

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30             3 

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3 

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,11. 

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K. 

■HMMH 


•11  1»  A  1,    () 


i:  i;  V  A  no  n 


rj'.t 


^ 


.''^c 1 

.-iric-,  1si;k — (',,,, 1 
4"   00'"  1  I",  t 

1'.  M. 

July  3  r.  M.      1 

11.   W. 

!'.  M. 

7" 

00'"  I7".i;.") 

lo           .5 

1,.  \v. 

I-.  w. 

10         .7.'i 

20            .0 

I,    w. 

3" 

:iii"'  13"  '.15 

(("  00'"  ii".(;      j 

21 1         .s 

1!. 

3''    (Ml"    11".  1 
10           .3 
20           .2 
30           .2 
10           .2 
50           .-J 

40           .s 

10            .:> 

30            ,'.l 

50           .7 

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40        Is.O 

II.  \v.               j 

4 

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10          .7 

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s 

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r» 

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s. 

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10  00            .1        ' 
10            .4        j 
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30           .4 

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11  00            .3 
10           .2 

11.   w. 

2     00           .2 

K. 

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00      ■_':),  ^ 

10           .3 

I'.  M. 

1,.  w. 

P.M. 

10             .'.15 
20       24  2 

u.  w. 

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10       13.'.) 

r,.  w. 

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s. 

liulf  wii.-i  fovurnl 
8. 

8     00           .45 

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II.  w. 

8     40       15.  i; 

J 

Illy  .'*  A.  M. 

10           .') 

R. 

1..    \v 

20           ..') 

fiO 

July  7  A.  M. 

4 

00        11.75 

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11.  \\. 

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10            .5 

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7 

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20            .45 
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.5 

00             .s 
10           .7 

20            .7 

July  4  A.  M. 

40           .'.) 

10             .It 

40           .35 

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M           .!) 

20           .5 

S. 

50           .35 

40           ..'^ 

L.  W. 

0 

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0     30        ir,.:u> 

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S. 

40           .4 

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20           .4 

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30        .s:t 

30           .5 

11.  w. 

1     (10           .O.J 

40           .8 

July  r. 

K. 

10 

30       20.5 

10       li").',) 

II. 

L.    W. 

\ol  oli.sc'i'vod 

40            .0 

20        .:.") 

30           .(> 

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20         .:; 

17       July,  lau-j. 


f! 


li!^^ 


?lf  !'is; 


mI; 


1:50 


It  i;{'()  i;  i»  A  .N  !•  I!  i;si;  i,  ts  o  \- 


iScroiiil  .sorii'.-i,  1S(;1.  —  Vntiliiiucil. 


July  8  W  M. 

II.  \\. 

Julv  10  A.  M. 

II.  w. 

r,.  w. 
■1"   30'"   13'M5 

IP'    00''   20M5 
10            .5 
20          .(> 

I,,  w. 

11''    50'"  2 
12     (10 

".2 

40           .1 

,-,l,     0|,m     |;jll,| 

10 

..'J.'t 

50           .05 

30           .7 

20 

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12     00            .5 

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P.  M 

40           .5 

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50 
1      00 

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40            .S 

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n.  w. 
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I  oil     r|()m    .J  I II  .J 


50' 
(10 
10 

20 


20 
30 
40 
50 
(III 
1(1 


.15 


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\v. 


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.1) 
1) 


.III 
(I 


1      1 


ly  12  A. 

II.   w. 

30     -i:. 

40 
50 
00 
10 
20 
30 
40 


M. 

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1.. 

\v. 

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12.2 

10 

1 

20 

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30 

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40 

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50 

.0 

(III 

.1 

Tho  times  of  tlic  prcccdini?  vcrord  were  taken  from  n  watch  set  approxinmtcly  to 
local  mean  solar  time;  the  foUowiiiij  comparisons  hi'twccu  tliis  watcli  and  mean 
time  chronometer  No.  2007  were  made  for  the  pnriiose  of  obtaining  the  watch  cor- 
rection and  rate. 


Watch 

\w\  Clii'onniiictcr  Cum 

iiiri.-iiii.>^  for  llii 

'  cdn'rclidii  (if  llic  times  of  tlic 

Till 

Ill   IIcciil'i 

1. 

Pate. 

Watch. 

ChronoiiM'tcr. 

Date. 

Watc4i. 

riironcini 

•tcr. 

.lime     l> 

.s''  5i;""  00' 

=  1''    43"' 

J  line  'J.•^ 

2''    !«"'  41".5  1' 

M. 

=  7'' 

04"' 

"        7 

10     07     45.5  i'.  .M. 

2     55 

"     30 

S     3.3     .35       A 

-M. 

1 

.3"' 

11 

10     17     21) 

3     07 

.llllv      1 

.s     311     02 

1 

40 

"      11 

5     25     30 

10     15 

2 

.S     .'SO     Oil 

1 

33 

■'     17 

0     OS     43.5  A.M. 

2     11 

3 

,s     3)     22 

1 

30 

"     1!) 

S     40     20.5      " 

1     40 

"       4 

,s     51     51 

1 

5S 

"     20 

S     02     211.2      " 

1     (111 

0 

11      (II      00           ' 

2 

11 

"     21 

s     4s     20 

1      50 

7 

^     .-ll     21.5      • 

I 

47 

"     25 

s     40     23 

1    ;!5 

,K 

H       1(1      02            ' 

1 

55 

WlKcIl  sto|li)ri|(li(  r, 

in'lli.'2.-.lli) 

II 

s      t."i     03 

0 

02 

"       2(i 

7     52     21   \.  .M. 

0      13 

'■       10 

s      13     57          ' 

i' 

33 

Ti  DA  I-  or.sr;  i;  v  a  T!  o  ns. 


i:n 


TIic  followiii;^  rcsnlliiiLC  flironoinetcr  corn-ctiiiiis  {AT)  id'  t: 


IC 


■i''lil 


(l;i\    clirnliii- 


iiR'tcr  No.  »'()()7,  on  Turt  t'oiilkc  inciiii  time 


'\tV;i(ti'(l  tVoin   'lie  (liMU>>inll  cifllic 


astronomical  obscrvutions  of  tlio  cxjiedition  (I'ait  I). 

June    1,  lS(il a7'= — I''  17"' ,"i:;' 

July  10,   INCI —I    17     l."i 

llcncLMlaily  niti'  .         .         .67'=  +11 

^Vith  tlicse  (lata  \\v  iiiul  tlic  covrcctions  A '/'to  tlic  watcli  as  i'uilnws;  — 


JUl  ' 


A  7'=  —  O™.!) 


7, 

—  0.7 
+  1  7 
+    1.'! 

17, 

10, 
■20, 

4- hi; 

+  17.11 
+  1S.1I 

JiMif  I'l,    a7'—    +  Jll'  .1 


.lulv 


.h 


A  7' 


+  17-.2 


2'), 

+   - 

1 

"       4, 

+  1'^ 

7 

'.'(i, 

+  :! 

.> 

(1, 

+  -X1 

7 

2s, 

•) 

.) 

"       7. 

+  j;. 

•i 

•10, 
1, 

+  11 
+  1.! 

li 

s. 

0, 

+  ■-•7 

+  2'.' 

7 

I'l 

0 

!■  i;  t 

1  JUM 

+  I.'i 

1 

"    Id', 
.    +rM 

+  :!! 

.s 

(.'  .-io  t 

■  .\n\\ 

10 

.     +-.'.i 

Tla-  profcdins  ol)scrvations.  taken  nt  V(>t,nilar  intervals  noar  th(>  tini(>  of  cafh  liiirli 
and  low  water,  generall)'  sufhee  to  li.\  tlie  ciiocli  of  the  liiyliest  and  lowest  level 
within  five  niinntes.  The  readings  appear  ([nite  regular,  and  are  evidently  hut  little 
affeeted  by  agitation  of  the  surface  against  wliieh  tln^  surrounding  ice  acted  as  a 
complete  preventive.  The  mean  time  during  wliich  the  same,  highest  or  lowest, 
readings  arc  recorded  has  been  adopted  for  the  ejioch  of  higli  or  low  water,  thougli 
in  some  cases  a  closer  process  has  been  attempted  by  considering  the  readings  ]ire- 
ceding  and  following.  If  the  anterior  and  jiosterior  slopes  of  the  wave  were  tlie 
same,  tin;  average  times  of  any  two  ecpud  readings  of  heiglit  woidd  give  a  closer 
fletermination ;  for  insta.nce,  for  low  water,  June  (i  1'.  M..  we  have — 


Reading  11.0    IVt't  iil  .         .         . 

11.0,5  ffL't  at  ;j''  .'i.V"  luid  1'' 

12.0    foot  lit  a  20  4 

12.0.">  IVut  lit  ;J  10  4 


10'" 


:;a 


.'!•'    ;■.() 

•,\     .'■i2 

:i    wi 

:)    M 

:!    r,l 

4" 

40 

4 

42 

4 

4  7 

4 

,MI 

Adopted  cpDi-li 

On  the  other  hand,  if  the  sliape  of  the  wave  is  nnsymmetrical,  and  this  is  tlie  rule 
in  our  case,  W(>  find  by  attemj)ting  tlie  aliove  ])roeess  tliat  the  siiccessi\('  times  show 
a  regidar  progression  ;  for  instance,  the  low  wati'r,  June  7  A.  M. — 

lU'iiilia.ir  12.1    fui't  at 

12.13  feet   at   4''    .-JO'"  .111(1    4''    :').V"  men 

12.2    feet  at    4     2.5  5     la 

12.2."i  IVol   at    4     20  f)     20 

llci'u  we  liiivi.'  to  ad(i|it  4''  40'"  ii.s  tlic  ('[locli  of  low  whIit. 

A  gra])hical  process  appears  to  be  tlie  best  in  all  cases.  .'MipiiDse  tlic  olisi  rval  imis, 
taken  at  regular  (or  irregidar)  intervals,  plotted  by  rectangular  co-oniiuati  ^  (times 
and  corresiiimding  heights),  and  a  nnndier  of  jjarallel  level  lines  ruled  across  the 
crest  (or  trough)  of  lh(>  wavy.  Halving  the  length  of  each  of  these  lines  (within 
the  curve)  and  uniting  their  -iiiddle  points  by  a  curve,  that  curve  will  generally 
intersect  the  wave  nearly  at  right  angles,  and  indicate  the  highest  (or  lowest) 
point  in  it. 


M 


*  I 


li 


rn 


I  in 


)';i' 


\:]')  V  iM'oi;  i»  A  N  I)  i:  i:sr  i/rs  o  k 

'I'lic  second  piirt  of  'I'lililc  I  coiitains  the  ()lis(r\('(l  limes  of  Iii;^'li  nnd  low  water, 
forreeted  tor  error  of  watch,  'i'lie  adojited  watch  cnrnctioiis  inr  .luni'  '.'•Jd.  'T-M,  and 
!;^4tli,  were  +!-,  -rl'j,  and  4-1'J'"  respect i\ely.  I'or  ■lane  'JKtli,  the  cnrrection  was 
+  10'":  and  for  Jnly  lltli  and  1-Jt!i,  +:);!  and  +:\l". 

Ikti  riiiiiiatitm  of  the  JJnm  I.inl  </  tin   .''id. 

An  inquiry  into  tho  reading  of  tlie  nieaTi  level  of  tlie  sea  is  important  in  more 
than  one  aspect ;  first,  we  may  test  tli(>  \:dne  of  onr  ohservations  w  ith  respect  to 
the  in\ariabiiity  of  tlie  zero  point  of  tlie  scale  wliich  may  cliange  from  the  following' 
causes:  a  <,'ra(lnal  lenfi;tliening  of  tlie  roi)e ;  a  j;radual  sliil'tinu:  of  tlie  \veij,dir  hy 
wliich  it  is  anchored  on  the  nhqiliiij  hottoin  hy  tiie  action  of  currents,  or  hy  ice,  and 
jiossibly  also  hy  a  motion  in  the  ice-field  itself  upon  whicli  tlie  tidal  ajiparatus  rested, 
and  finally  by  a  change  in  the  position  of  tlie  weight  after  tlie  rope  had  been  talven 
up  for  repairs  and  was  replaced.  Secondly,  by  niarking,  at  certain  epochs,  tlie  half- 
tid(>  level  of  the  sea,  whicli  i..,  subject  to  smalliT  fluctuations  tlian  eitlier  the  aviTage 
level  of  high  water  or  the  average  level  of  hiw  water,  we  may  ascertain  any  relative 
change  in  the  level  of  sea  and  land  produced  by  geological  causes.  All  levelling 
operations  must  also  be  referred  to  a  certain  tidal  level.  Tiiirdly.  since  theory 
points  out  certain  fluctuations  in  the  tidal  level  of  tlie  ocean  due  to  the  differential 
action  of  the  sun  and  moon,  their  study  and  coiiii)arison  with  oi)ser\atioii  will  bring 
them  to  a  practical  test.  There  are  other  interesting  (piestions  connected  with  the 
subject  of  our  iiupiiry,  na.uely,  the  effect  upon  the  level  of  the  sea,  of  a  change  in 
the  atmospheric  pressure  as  indicated  by  the  readings  of  the  barometer,  and  also 
the  effect  of  the  wind,  with  respect  to  direction,  duration,  and  strength,  upim  the 
average  height  of  the  sea.  The  change  of  the  sea  level  tor  a  given  rise  or  fall  of  tiie 
barometer  has  only  been  ascertained  for  a  few  places,  and  the  measures  fail  to  show 
u  satisfactory  agreement.     The  effect  of  the  wind  is  of  an  entirely  local  character. 

The  mean,  or  more  pro^ierly  tho  half-tide  level,  is  tho  one  to  which  all  heights 
should  he  referred;  on  tho  average,  therefore,  we  will  have  at  high  tide  an  ecpial 
sectional  area  of  water  above,  and  at  low  tide  an  e([ual  sectional  area  of  deficiency. 
Owing  to  the  daily  ineciuality  and  the  half-monthly  inecpiality,  which  have  to  be 
eliminated,  the  following  process  for  finding  the  half-tide  level  was  employed. 

DrAiiliAM  A. 


Ti  n  A  I,  (>  I',  s  i:  i;  v  a  t  io  n  s. 


I  -i-i 


Ucfcrrinif  to  llic  iiniicxcd  (liMf,'raiii  (A)  to  illii>tr;it('  tlic  iiuTiicvii  ;il  inrtlnHl.  tlic 
iMcaii  vi'iiiliii','  of  two  siic(('ssi\('  !ii;^ii  waters  i>  taUcn  .iikI  iilaccd  niii)(isiii'  tlir  nad- 
ni'fl  of  tlic  iiiti'i'iiu'diatc  low  watrr  (xc  sciio  i\i'  ujiiicr  ( ii-(  Ics  in  diayrainK  iir\t  tlic 
mean  of  these  successive  \ allies  i>  [ijaced  opposite  Mie  iiit(  vinediale  lii;:h  w ati  r.  In 
like  manner  the  mean  of  two  su(cessi\e  low  waters  is  taken  and  placed  opiiosite  tlic 
iiitcriiiedin.tc  liii;li  water  (see  scries  of  lower  circles  in  dia^jram).  and  their  means 
ayaiii  an  taken;  we  thns  obtain  on  eacli  liorizuntal  line  twd  \alnes.  one  hi^^li  tin' 
other  low,  exactly  corvespundiiii,'  in  ciiocli,  tin  mean  of  wliich  is  that  cf  the  half- 
tide  level  as  set  out  in  the  la-t  culninn,  tlins;  — 


iMIi'. 

riias... 

Kt'atliiiL^s. 

MiMlls. 

M.'aii-. 

Ihilf  ti.U'l.'V.'l. 

I  sill.       ,|iilyL> 

"      " 

I,. 
11. 

IC.O 

Is.i; 

l.'i.d.") 

11      (1 

L. 

11.1 

io.n.-i 

1. •.,(!.•. 

I-''  17 

H          it 

It. 

'J(i  1 

1 

t.:;ii 

l.'vd.'i 

IT  IT 

"     3 

L. 

l<;.o 

\'.K-i:> 

l.'i.d.'i 

1  T   1  .'i 
IT  -.Ml 

11          11 

11. 

is.  4 

1 

i,:i."> 

I.'i.a.'i 

11           11 

I,. 

11  1 

r.i.i.". 

1  t    sll 

IT  I:! 

11          l( 

II. 

211..') 

1 

i.'i.'i 

1  !..">.■> 

1  t'l  '.)."i 

1                   "     4 

L. 

1.-..0 

I'.i.-.-. 

1  1  :;; 

ir,.-l 

it     (1 

II. 

1.. 

Is'.d 

1 ::,  1 

1  1  -JO 

The  foiiowin;^'  tal»!e  contains  tlie  date,  time  of  IiIl;'!!  or  low  water,  and  cnrre-iiiiiid- 
\\\<X  liei:,dit  (corrected  if  necessary  in  accor(huice  \\itli  precedini;'  remark^),  and  the 
half-tide  level  as  made  out  liy  the  aho\('  process;  the  remaining,'  coininiis  contain 
tlic  moon's  declination  at  noon  of  eacii  day.  also  the  moon's  ])aralla\  fur  the  same 
(  pocli.  toii'cther  witli  the  atinnspheric  pressure  (reiinced  to  the  temperature  '■'>'!  I'ah.. 
and  the  prevailing;'  direction  and  lorcc  of  the  wind  dnriiiL;'  eadi  day. 

'l'.\ia,i;  I. — Oliscrvcil  limes  .niul  lu'ip'lits  tpf  lii'.:li  \u\A  I'nv  Wiitcr.-  :il  I'url    I'oiilKr.  hiiinnlr  Ts     IT'.i;, 

Iniia'tttiilc  I''  a:2"'  IC  wcsl  111'  (ii'ri'invirli.      A  N'l  ilic  i-.jrri~|iniHiiMu'  liiiH-tiili'  Irvi'l,  ilic  II n'-  iliili- 

ii.-iliiiii,  ihi'  iimnn'.-.  |i:ii'.iI1m\.  llir  ulnin>iili(  ric  piTssiirc  (;ii  tlir  tnniii  r;aiirc  nt  ihi'  iVi  iv.iii'j-  imiiii 
!>!'  uiitcr).  iiiiij  the  li'uc  ilirci'tiuii  iiml  fui'ci'  nl'  lln'  uimj. 


Iiatr. 

llich 
or  low 
ti.lc. 

s 

OI.s.tv.mI 
iiit'an  tuiii-. 

crii's  I. 

Novi'iii'ii'r 
Ol.^.rvl 

111  iu'lit 

ill  I'i'i't. 

ami  Ilri' 

li,..lii,-i..l 
li.-ill'-ti.li- 

level. 

•luliir,  Isi 

Mno„-S 

llei'lilUl- 

tillll. 

0. 

|i,ir.il  \. 

i''..i,-,. 
Ill' 

Uill.l. 

Mlll-llillL' 

or 

.TfllTIl'IOIl 

.\iiii.K, 

[IIV-S. 

Illiv.ti.il. 

Ill 

\nV.   IT 

II. 

•1"    ::."i"' 

.\. 

ii;  1 

. 

—  •1\     .11 

."ii;  .  1 

^,|:„    - 

i'iiImi 

1,. 

'.!       II.") 

.V. 

s  1 

.... 

is 

II. 
I.. 

;>     .">o 
'.1     .•ill 

M. 
M. 

\:\  i; 

',1 1; 

II.-;-^ 
Il.sd 

—  IT  J 

.'i.'i.T 

•J'',  a 

N.  !■:. 

.1 

1 

I             ..    1 

i 
'                           (1         I 

1!) 

II. 
h. 

II 

ill    nil 

A. 
.\. 
M. 

i."i..; 

S    1') 

■• 

1,. 

.... 

M. 

.  .  . 

—  ll.W 

.'l.'l.ll 

•-".1   s 

N.  K. 

1 

•1 

II. 

4      ISO 
1(1      1") 

A. 

1  IT 

t       1 

.... 

• 

I 

•JO 

11. 

1,. 

4      4.'. 

M. 
M. 

PJ.ii 

:::: 

—  (7 

J4.r. 

•J  a  '.1 

\.  i:. 

1 

II 

11        ' 

II. 

I,. 

10     4.'') 

A. 
A. 

s.l 

— 

' 

i 

1 

m 


W'' 


r 


1.34 


I!  i:('()|!  |»    A  N  I)    I!  Iisr  I/IS    OF 


•,.)V.  21 

.^(■ncs  I 

NoVllll 

jci'  :iimI   1) 

(TiiilMr,  1  m;i).  —  Ciiiiliiiiii  it. 

or  l(pw 
tl.le. 

Olworved 
IllUllU  tiuiu. 

Miiniiiii,' 
flftcninoll. 

Oli-iTVlul 
llridlt 
ill    Wr\. 

Ilclllr,.,! 

ijiiir  tiiiii 

llVl. 

ll.Mlillll.          *'"".'' 

lion.        1"""'  •"• 

Aliii".<. 
li|..,-.s. 

lliivi'tiiiii 

III 

wiml. 

(if 

wind 

' 

.... 

.M. 

... 

.... 

II 

I,. 

11''    fpll'" 

M. 

0.7 

.... 

-2.(1     51'.:; 

30'M 

I'lilin 

•• 

II. 

5     2(1 

A. 

i,_;.|_i 

.... 

<•}•> 

1,. 

0     2'> 

M. 

7  7 

II. (C! 

*' 

II. 

7     2.-) 

M. 

l:!.  t 

II  II 

+  2.5 

51.1 

29.9 

N.  i:. 

1 

tl 

I.. 

0     30 

A. 

0.7 

II. 2(; 

(1 

II. 

7     15 

A. 

II  II 

11.42 

L>:i 

I.. 

1     1.^ 

.M. 

N.2 

ll.,-|l 

•* 

II. 

«      (Ml? 

.M. 

1  \'l 

li.rio 

+  7.fi 

51,2 

;ill.li 

N.  !■:. 

1 

(1 

I,. 

2   ;io 

A. 

'.1,  i; 

11.14 

(1 

II. 

7     no 

A. 

1 1 II 

ii.r..5 

21 

I,. 

2     If) 

.M. 

7.7 

11. CI 

It 

II. 
1,. 
II. 

9     2.') 
3     :!(» 
8     1(1 

M. 
A. 
A. 

i.'i.i; 

^  7 

11.1 

II.M 

+  12.1 

51.3 

30.1 

N.  K. 

0 

2,') 

I.. 

.... 

>I. 

.  . . 

.... 

it 

II. 

.... 

M. 

.  . . 

+  10. 9 

51.7 

30.7 

rilllll 

If 

I.. 
II. 

: . : . 

A. 
A. 

-  -  - 

.... 

2(1 

I.. 

15     2.-i 

.M. 

CO 

.... 

.1 

II. 
L. 

111      0(1 
4      1,-) 

M. 
A. 

1.^.0 
7.(1 

ii.i.i 

+  20.7 

5,-..  1 

.■!0.5 

N.  i;. 

.t 

n 

II. 

10      (III 

A. 

It.s 

11.42 

27 

I,. 

.|      00 

.M. 

(i.  ,■) 

ii.7;i 

II 

II. 

10    ;;o 

4     40 

M. 

A. 

is.o 
1 . 7 

11,77 
11.08 

+  2;i.(l 

T).')..'! 

30. 1 

cali.i 

tl 

II. 

10     4;') 

A. 

1,^.0 

11.02 

2,S 

I,. 

4     ;i5 

M. 

ii.d 

11..^8 

tl 

II. 

1 1      (10 

M. 

is.l 

II.  Ill 

+  2.-..4 

5(1.0 

30.2 

S.  AV. 

4 

n 

I,. 

5    ;jo 

A. 

7.0 

11.47 

" 

II. 

10    :..=) 

A. 

11.7 

11.75 

21) 

li 

4     4-) 

M. 

0.0 

1  2. 2(1 

" 

II. 

11      40 

>I. 

20.2 

12.95 

+  25.9 

ri(;.5 

30.2 

X.  K. 

0 

" 

L. 

('.     4.'> 

A. 

~!t.:!^ 

18.71 

;;() 

II. 

0    ;;o 

M. 

17.9 

14.15 

" 

I,. 

;■)     :!0 

M. 

s.o 

14.2(1 

+  2.5.0 

57.0 

29.9 

caliii 

a 

II. 
I.. 

0      If) 

(i    :io 

A. 
A. 

20.  s 

1  t.ls 

1  1.10 

DtT.   1 

11. 

1       (10 

.M. 

17.0 

1  III.-; 

" 

h. 

Ci    ;!o 

M. 

0.1 

l:!.ss 

+  22.(1 

57.5 

30.3 

S.  W. 

< 

" 

II. 

0      4.") 

A. 

20. 1 

l:;.7(i 

<< 

I,. 

7     40 

A. 

0.1 

Ki.CS 

o 

11. 

1     00 

.M. 

1(!..^) 

13.(12 

" 

I,. 

('.       4.T 

M. 

9.0 

l:i.52 

+  19.0 

57.9 

30.  1 

calm 

*' 

II. 

1    ao 

A. 

1  '.1. 7 

l;!.4(l 

If 

I.. 

8     00 

A. 

8.S 

l:!.47 

;i 

II. 

2     10 

M. 

10. 2 

l;i.;;s 

" 

1,. 

7    :!o 

M. 

0.4 

i::.-J7 

+  11.4 

5.S.3 

30.0 

.\.  K. 

4 

1. 

11. 

1    :!o 

A. 

IS  i; 

l:;  21 

" 

I,. 

S      10 

A. 

9.0 

i.:.i5 

1 

II. 

.'5     00? 

.M. 

ITi..". '/ 

l;;.:i5 

If 

L. 

.8    ir, 

M. 

o.i; 

l.'i.Cll 

+  S.9    ,  5S.7 

29.7 

caliii 

" 

11. 

:;    00 

A. 

2(1.0 

l:i.02 

" 

I,. 

10       10 

A. 

1(1.1 

1  l.:i:! 

5    ' 

11. 

4    no 

M. 

10.. -1 

1 1.:i5 

" 

T,. 

!)     4.^ 

M. 

11.1) 

It. (Ill 

+  .'i.O       59.1 

29.7 

X.  K. 

•  1 

" 

11. 

4    :;.•. 

A. 

i7.^y 

14.10 

" 

I,. 

10      4.') 

A. 

lo.o 

ll.:i2 

^^^^m. 

Tl  II. v  I,   ()  11. >  i;  i;  \  A  T  I  o  N  s. 


U 


-\ 


of 


.•^fl'ir-;  1. 

Niivi'iii 

ill'  Uhil    |l 

.■n  lulirl-, 

iM'.o.  —  r  „,/,,,,,, ,/ 

Hato. 

HlKh 

niunrvi'il 

Moniing 

UIkitvimI 

ll...lll,l..l 

.^^|^l^.^     .m,.,,i,',. 

.Mln..^. 

liiri..ti.iii 

[■•nr.. 

III*  Inw 

Mi'itii  tliiii'. 

or 

iM'iL'Ilt 

h.ilr.li'tii 

ili'iliim-    iiiiriir.x. 

lilf.-i. 

i.f 

nl 

til))'. 

iifli'inipiiii. 

ill    lirt. 

IhVi.|. 

tiiiii. 

nih.l. 

Wlll-I. 

iKc.   11 

II. 

■r'  1.'.'" 

.M. 

17  t 

ll.:i:t 

It 

1,. 

Ill    :,:< 

M 

l.'.'l 

11.17 

—3  .2   ,  0'.l'.3 

211'".. X 

.N.  i: 

1 

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211.0  N.  1;. 

211  11  vni'iiilili 

I 

21M)  S.  W. 

211.7  N.  Iv 


It'  we  now  unite  tlir  four  (<j('ii('riilly)  values  fur  liall'-tidr  level  of  eaili  day  into  a 
mean,  we  tind  liie  tbUowiii^'  daily  results;  — 


T  I  i»  A  I.  (I  lis  i:  i:  \   \  r  I  CI  \ 


|:;!» 


^ 

irir-  1,     1m;ii 

(  '»  cIlHliliatlnll. 

,- 

n.      II       I"'.! 
ll.tirthlH. 

llnirtMo. 

Cotl'llllKllli'll. 

Nim  liilic 



•IT 

.... 

—21    0 

.llllll'    Il 

I.-."  70 

+  1I2'.H 

In 

11".  HI) 

—  17.2 

7 

1.-.7S 

+  24  .'• 

I'.i 

.... 

—  12.11 

s 

l>;  ml 

H  2.-.  2 

•Jil 

.... 

■^       1  .    1 

II 

li;  is 

+  2 1  .-. 

^1 

11.21 

—  2  il 

III 

111  ;i.-. 

+  22  11 

-2-2 

1  1  .Ml 

4    2.-I 

11 

|ii.:il 

+  11..-. 

•j:i 

I1..PI1 

+    Til 

12 

111  nil 

+  l.-.;i 

'H 

.... 

+  12  I 

l;i 

|i;.2( 

+  lo:i 

•i:> 

.... 

•l-ll,  11 

■       14 

1)1.17 

f     1  7 

'jii 

II. 2M 

+  2117 

■■      i:. 

It).  20 

—   1  1 

27 

11. 70 

+  2:;, 'I 

Ill 

.... 

—  7  II 

as 

II.. •.11 

+  2.-.,  1 

17 

.... 

—  12  11 

'.'!! 

I2.!t7 

+  2.-rli 

Is 

111.  41) 

-17  11 

:iii 

11.211 

+  2.MI 

■•        111 

iiir.j 

—21  r, 

DimtIiiIm'I 

1 

l.l.xj 

+  22.11 

20 

ln;it 

—21  2 

.t 

l:i..-.2 

+  111.0 

21 

I.'..  7)1 

— 2.">  2 

:t 

i:i.2,-i 

+  111 

.).> 

ir..7i 

—  21  t 

4 

l;t.si 

+    .Ml 

••       2:1 

l."i.70 

, *)'i  .1 

r. 

14.22 

+  :!.o 

21 

I."!,"*!! 

— Iv7 

ti 

14.1111 

—  ;;  2 

2.'i 

I."i  117 

—  1  t.l! 

7 

14.011 

,    ,-    1  (  'I 

2H 

111  02 

—   ',1  I 

s 

11.01 

— iVii 

..       ._,- 

111. or, 

—  4  2 

ii 

1.!.47 

—  1117 

Js 

1)1 1:. 

+   (I  11 

III 

l:i.ii2 

— 2.i.:i 

211 

lr,.li:i 

+   .1.1 

II 

— 2."i.  1 

;!o 

17  17 

+  I0.S 

1:2 

li;,47 

— 2.'i.li 

,lul>       1 

17.17 

+  1-..-2 

l:: 

111.17 

—217 

.) 

17  17 

+  1110 

II 

in.7;i 

.».)    .) 

"            't 

17  11 

+  220 

i:, 

111.  Ml 

— isii 

4 

11177 

+  212 

III 

HI.  TO 

—  112 

r, 

IH.S2 

-I  2.-..  1 

IT 

.... 

!i  :1 

r, 

I-".!!.") 

+  2(11 

IM 

111.40 

—  4  2 

"        7 

I><.)ir, 

+  2:1:; 

111 

1(1.4.-. 

+    0.11 

s 

17.112 

+  20.1 

■JII 

l(i.:i:i 

-1-   111 

11 

17.110 

■t  HI  1 

21 

111.  II 

+  11.0 

III 

17.  V.I 

+  11.11 

2-2 

111.  Ill 

+  I.V.-. 

■•        11 

17.111 

+  11.0 

2;j 

111.111 

+  I1I..-) 

12 

.... 

+    O-i 

All  cxamiiiiitinii  fii'  tlic  linurcs  ir.iKc-;  it  •  \i(l('iit  tlmt  tlir  /no  sliit'lrd  hrtwccn 
Novcnil))'!'  'iNth  and  :{(ltli,  tVoiii  <,)iiic  iiiic\iil;iiiii'<'  cause,  hy  aliimt  'J.I  tn-i.  mil 
af,Miii  oil  llic  4tli  iiiid  Kitli  of  Dei ciiilicr  liy  0.7  itini  2.i^)  feet  icsiin'tivcly,  011  >\Iiiili 
dates  tlir  tide  I'mie  liad  liecn  faUeii  ii|)  and  repla c  I  TIicm'  dis|)la(('iiients  are  all 
ill  tlic  same  diroctioii,  iudic-  iUii^;  (h'eper  waii  v  ui  tlie  second  series  there  aic 
lireaks  iH'twccn  June  2<)tli  and  "^Mst,  lietwi en  ./uiie  '.'Mli  and  "JlHli,  and  on  .Jiil\  tilli. 
of  — 0.7,  +0.*),  iiiid  +l.'i  fool  respectively,  all  in  (•onse(|iieiicc  of  u  (leran^'einciit 
of  the  apitaratus  as  stati'd  in  the  record.  The  breaking'  down  of  the'  aiiparatus  on 
JiiiR'  17th  docs  net  appear  to  ha\e  allected  the  mean  level  reading,'. 

Vdr'nitiiiii  in  till  Main  1, 1  n  I  of  I  In  Siii. — 111  accordance  with  the  e(|iiililiriiiiii  and 
wave   theories  (Ji'.V.))  of  "  Tiiles   and    \\'aves,"   hy  (J.  15.    .\iry,  .Vstronoiiier  lloyal, 


yfW 


m 

M  i 


mi' ii 


IK) 


n  loco  I!  I)  A  N  i>  i;  i;sr  i,ts  of 


Hiifyrlopjrdiii  Mctroixilitiiiin,  fli(>  vjiriiitioii  of  tlic  ihcmii  level  of  the  sen  (Icpenus 
ii])on  tlie  cliiiiiffes  of  tlie  iiiooifs  and  Mill's  (lecliiiiitioiis,  lint  lis  the  latter  l;oe^ 
thn)iii;h  its  chaiiijes  in  half  a  year,  and  as  the  zero  levels  of  our  two  series  are  ili^- 
coiiiiected,  we  call  only  examine  the  lunar  elfeet,  v.liieh  can  lii'  expressed  1)\  ('  sin  -.', 
wlieic  the  constant  ('  amounts  to  a  few  inches  to  hi"  deterniini'd  by  observation. 
Tho  c(mstant  C  is  greater  in  low  and  liii,di  latitudes,  and  very  small  in  niiiidle  lati- 
tudes. The  oscillation  will  go  through  its  changes  in  half  a  lunatitm  (14/.  daysi, 
and  we  may  expect  high  level  at  tlie  greatest  declination,  iiii/ijiiiidtnt  of  the  sign. 
and  low  level  when  the  moon  is  in  tlie  ('([uator. 

'I'lie  breaks  in  our  mean  le\el  readings,  as  examined  aliove,  sufTiciently  demon- 
strate the  insufficiency  of  tli<;  accuracy  of  our  oliservations  for  so  delicate  an  in([iiiry 
as  the  variation  in  the  mean  level;  in  some  jiortions  of  the  series  tli(>  dependence 
of  this  level  upon  the  declination  ajipears  systematic,  but  is  hidden  in  other  ]ioi- 
tions  by  irregularities.  In  Series  1  the  mean  of  three  readings  of  the  level  for  f)  =  0 
(after  ajiplying  tlu;  corrections  indicated)  is  Ki.dT,  and  for  b -^  ~t. '2i'^°  from  two 
readings  is  Ki.SH  feet,  range '2 3  inclies ;  in  series  II  the  mean  of  three  readings 
(after  apjilying  the  corrections  indicated)  is  the  same  (17. SO  feet)  for  (^  =- 0  and 
f^=  +  *>r)^,  on  the  average  therefore  we  ^^l)uld  only  have  between  one  and  two 
inches  of  oscillation. 

I5ut  few  investigations  into  the  -variations  oi  the  mean  level  have  1)een  made, 
and  more  comjilete  comparisons  of  observalion  and  theory,  on  tliis  point,  are  ver\ 
desirable. 


Effiil  (if  Chdiuiis  III  llir  A/>nnsjiJi 


'11  riv  Pn xfiiiri'  iijinn  tJn'  Tldi.-i, — Considering  the 
short  scries  of  oliservations  any  result  for  the  dependence  of  the  changes  of  the 
lu'ight  of  the  barometric  colunni  upon  tliose  of  the  sea  lexcl  can  onl}  be  a  first 
approximation,  tln^  result  deduced  from  the  observations  is  nevertheless  entitled  to 
some  coniidence.     The  treatment  ado))ted  was  the  following'  — 

The  mean  levels,  each  day,  and  for  each  series  independently.  w(>re  grouped  in 
two  columns  for  days  with  barometer  /«/«//(•,  and  for  days  with  barometer  nlmrf  its 
a\erag(>  value  (:}(). 01  inches  for  Series  I,  and  'JD.ii.J  inches  for  Series  11).  'i'he  cor- 
responding (litfereuce  from  the  average'  value  was  also  set  down,  and  then  tlu;  mean 
of  the  whole  series  taken,  thus: — 

Fur  Hfrit'S  I,  iivcrajro  level  Ki"  7,  nvcriiLa'  ilcprcssii'ii  df  liaroinctiT  (l'".i;'_' 
"        ICC,       "        clcviitiiia  '■  (I.L'l 

Or — 1  incli  (if  cIkuicci!  of  k'vcj  fur  ir".  Hi  nf  (rliiiiijri'  of  Ijnroini'trr. 
For  Series  II,  :iver:i;,'e  level  ls".(l,  iivernu'e  (li'|iressioM  of  liiii'Diiielei'  (l".l.'> 

17. S,         "  eleVillicill  "  (1.17 

Or  — 2  inches  uf  eliiuijre  df  level  Inr  iV.'.VX  of  eliuiiLre  (jf  biiromeler. 

From  the  two  series  combined  we  obtain  therefore  a  change  of  — '.\  inches  for  a 
change  of  j'  inch  (nearly)  in  the  barometric  column;  in  other  wiu'ds,  a  rise  of  one 
inch  of  the  barometric  coli,inn  will  be  accomiianied  by  a  corresponding  fall  in  the 
level  of  the  water  of  four  inches  nearly. 

Tliis  ri'snlt  is  also  affected  by  any  iiii'-iiiii/)i  iisufn/  part,  liy  ii'ason  of  tlii'  sIkhI 
series  of  observations,  of  the  eife(  t  oi  the  variation  in  the  mean  level,  and  also  of 
the  effect  of  the  wind. 


•WW* 


TI  I>A  I,    (>l;s  i:  I!  \   A  'I'l  O  N 


in 


the 


IiiV('sti<,';iti()iis  in;i(lc  li\  (lilTcrmt  niclhods  (nr  w  Iru  |)I:icc>.  i,'i\c  \ry\  ili'-(<inl;iiit 
results;  Cor  l.diuloii,  Mr.  l.ulilKick  I'lunid  1  iuclio,  t'nr  I'.ristnl.  Mr.  liunt  tiiiiiid  1:1 
inches,  iiiid  Sir  J  ( '.  Uoss.  in  ;i  lute  ninulier  of  the  I'iiilnMipliical  'rran>;irtinns  (lor 
l.s.Vt,  I'art  II).  deduced  t'roni  ohservatious  at  I'ort  I.eoixihl,  iu  latitude  "i  1  N..  longi- 
tude !)1°  AV..  nearly  tlie  same  Aidue  as  that  i,'iven  for  iiristol,  ^tatinj,'  that  the  etl'ect 
is  ncavlj-  in  the  inn  r.si:  ratio  of  the  specific  gravity  of  the  two  ho'lies  (mercury  and 
water). 

The  suhject  is  open  to  further  investi^rations,  and  considerin;,'  dsat  an  increase  or 
decrease  of  atmospheric  ])re>sure  iu  any  one  place  inu^t  necessa.ily  he  accompanied 
liy  currents  restorinij  the  disturlied  equilihriuni,  tlie  phenomenon  would  ■-eeni  mme 
comjjlex  than  might  at  iirst  he  suppo>ed. 

E()'<<l  (,f  t](c  WukJ  I'jKiii  /In   }[,ii(i  J.I  n  I  (if  III,    Sill.  —  A>  this  effect  is  ot' an  elitin  K 

local  charactiM-,  the  result  will  he  of  inipmlaiu nly  in  >o  far  as  it  affects  tlie  Ifnal 

])henomena  of  the  fides;  in  refined  tidal  discussions  the  effect  of  the  wind  niu--t  i>e 
eliminated,  and  for  jimlirfu/  tides  the  pos^ihlc  inthience  it  m;iy  exert.  sjieci.dU 
when  for  sjn'ini;  (U"  neap  fides,  may  hecome  a  matter  of  grave  interest,  Looking; 
over  the  colnnnis  cif  tluMxind  record  in  'I'ahle  1  if  ajipears  that  the  i)re\ailinLr  wind 
is  either  N.  J'-,  or  S.  A\.;  there  occur  some  cahiis  and  a  few  entries  of'  \ariahli' 
winds. 

Tahulating,  for  each  series  of  ohserxations  sej)arately.  the  mean  lexcl  readim:. 
referred  to  the  same  zero  hy  a])plicatiou  of  the  covri'ctious  given,  for  da\s  of'  N.  I',. 
Avind,  for  davs  of  S.  A\'.  wind,  and  for  days  of  calms  (inchuling  \aria!)les),  the  fol- 
lowing results  were  ohtained:  — 

i<cri(  s  I.     Mt'aii  Irvil  with  \.  K.  wiml  ir,.(;  feet  (  l,"i  iilp..rrvalinii<).  wiili  calms  li;.i;iVrt  (  In  .,K>ir- 
vatiuns),  Willi  S.  W.  \\  iml  M.s  (Vit  ('■)  ohx  r\  aliHii>). 

Scries  II     Mean  Ic  vel  willi  N,  K.  wiml  I7.">  feel  {<>  uliservati.ni-),  willi  ealiiis  fs.o  feit  (I."i  cili-er- 
valiiins),  willi  S.  \V.  wiiiil  IT.'.I  feet  (11!  nliservatioiif ). 

With  consideration  of  the  numhev  of  days  of  ohserxation  in  e.ich  case,  the  eli'iil 
of  the  wind  appears  xcry  snudl,  with  X.  Iv  wind  the  level  is  depresM  d  a  Miiall 
fraction  of  a  foot,  anil  with  a  S.  "W.  wind  ele\ated  hy  the  same  amount.  .\  north- 
east wiml  hlowiug  off  the  land,  and  a  southwest  wind  hlow  ing  on  it.  would  prodia  e 
the  effect  as  stated.  Two  causes  operate '((/(////.s7  a  considerahle  change  in  the  le\el. 
first  the  o])en  strait  giving  free  ])assage  to  accuniulate(l  waters,  to  the  northwavd  or 
southward,  and  secondly,  the  protection  of  ic(,'-fields,  pre\entiiig  the  wind  from  act- 
ing on  the  .surface  of  the  sea. 

We  have  seen  that  the  effect  npo.n  the  height  of  tlie  tides  jirodiueil  eiiiier  hy  tlie 
regular  osrillation  of  the  half-tide  level,  or  hy  the  irregular  changes  in  'he  atiiio- 
si)heric  ])r("ssnre  and  the  action  of  the  winds,  is  sufficiently  small  at  I'orl  I'onlke  to 
he  safely  left  out  of  consideration  in  our  suhseipient  imestigations  ;  the  c(U'rections 
alone  will  be  needed  which  refer  all  ohser\ations  to  the  . ■>(////»  ::i  m  of  the  heii^hl 
scale  ;  they  are  for  series  I :  r>etween  Xovemher  ITth  and  "isth,  +">.()  feel  ;  Ik  tweeii 
Xovemher  ;50th  andJJecemher  :M,  +'.]:2  feet;  hetwei  ii  Decemlier  olli  and  HUli. 
-I  'J.o  feet.     For  series  1 1 ;   IJetween  June  (itli  and  •JOth.    i  1.1  foot;   In  twee  n  .luiie 


■^fT 


U2 


i;  i;('()i;  d  a  n  d  i;  i;sr  i/rs  o  r 


'Jlst  and  •isili,  4--.M  feet  ;  iiiid  Ix'twccn  Jimc  V?!)tli  and  July  •')tli,  4-l.'J  lout.  'I'lic 
iiicaii  level  veadiiii;  lor  Series  I  is  Ki.T,  and  lur  Series  11  11.!)  feet;  these  levels, 
Ii()\v('ver,  are  diseoiinected. 

Oiiirrtd  ('hdiunli  r  (if  III'  J'urf  Fmilh  I'iih-i. — A\'e  lind  by  tlie  suhseijiietit  analysis 
of  the  two  s(  ries  (if  nliser\ati(ins,  with  re-pect  to  the  half-nionthly  and  the  dinrnal 
ine([ualities,  that  their  f^eneral  character  is  \{'ry  nuich  tlu'  same  as  that  exhihited 
liy  the  \\\\\  Rensselaer  Harbor  tith's,  a  result  which  was  to  be  expected  since  the 
two  localities  are  but  •")•>  statute  miles  apart  (followin;^  the  siniiosities  of  the  C()a>t 
line),  with  no  a[iparent  special  cnnii^jnration  of  tiu'  shore  «hi(h  niinht  exert  an 
inlluence  on  the  tidal  feature.  The  establishment  at  I'ort  I'oulke  is  nearl}  half  an 
iionr  less  than  that  of  \'an  llensselaer  Harbor,  consistent  wvh  the  northerly  (and 
easterly)  propagation  (>f  the  tidal  wave.  The  a\('raye  rani,'e  of  the  tide  is  almost 
i'xactly  the  same  at  the  two  ])laces.  There  is  at  I'ort  I'onlke  ii  considerabie  diurnal 
ine(piality  which  nhnnsl  reaches,  at  certain  times,  that  limit  beyond  which  a  shigle- 
day  tide  is  produced;  the  diurnal  ine([uality  in  the  hei^jjh*^  of  hifj;h  water  is  i/rmlir 
than  in  the  height  of  low  wafer;  these  features  of  the  diurnal  iiiecpaility  arc  also 
ctimmou  to  the  two  localities. 

A\  e  shall  now  proceed  with  the  sjiecial  iincstigation  of  the  ine(iualities  commenc- 
ing with  that  which  runs  through  its  jieriod  in  half  a  mouth,  for  this  ])nrpose 
Tal)le  11  has  bi'en  ]>repared.  The  second  cohimii  contains  the  time  of  the  moon's 
transit  over  the  I'ort  Foulke  meridian,  interpolated  from  the  American  Xauti(  al 
Almanac;  the  lower  transit  is  distinguished  by  being  ])laced  between  brackets. 
'I'lii'  e])ochs  of  high  and  low  tides  ari'  taken  from  'I'able  1.  .Mean  time  has  l)een 
adopted  throughout,  as  no  s])ecial  ad\antage  can  l)e  derixcd  from  the  use  of  ap|)areiit 
time  for  so  short  a  series  of  obser\ations.  The  transit  of  the  moon  given  is  that  one 
which  !iini)i(liij/i  ///  jir"-ii/<  ■•<  the  time  of  high  or  low  wati'r;  th(>  lunitidal  i  itervals 
are  given  accordingly;  those  within  brackets  (lei)end  upon  the  lower  transit  of  the 
moon.  The  fact  that  \arions  mdi rior  positions  of  the  moon  are  re(piired  for  the 
exitlanation  of  varions  ti<Ial  iiUMpialities  justities  us  in  usin^r,  in  a  first  invest  iuatiou. 
the  /ii-ici/iiii/  transit  ;  the  subject  will  again  be  refeiied  to  in  (  onncctiou  \\ilh  the 
moon's  ])arallactic  and  declination  effects.  'J'he  reason  why  no  (ni'  anteri(U'  lunar 
epoch  will  answer,  excn  for  jiorts  on  the  same  coast  and  at  no  \'ery  great  distance 
a|)arl,  must  be  sought  for.  i  think,  in  tiie  compound  (  haiar  ter  of  the  waxc.  com- 
))os<'(l  of  /,,-iijiiii/(ifi il  and  i/ir"/  effects,  the  xclociix  of  ilie  \arious  parts  beinn' 
diffi'reiitly  aflecled  \>\  the  \ariations  in  tiie  depth  of  the  sea  (i\(  r  which  these 
waxes  pass. 


m 


tm 


mmmmm 


tummm 


11  l»A  I.    OI!>  i;  K  V  A   1'  10  N 


ICi 


Tami.k  II. — 'I'iiMi'   111'  tlic  liiiMiii"s   iiiipi'i'  iiiul   lowci' Iraii^il   (ucr  tin'  iinTiiliiiii  ol'  ['■>v\    l-'oi;ll>i' ;  liiii^' 
III  i'jjit,  mill  olulili-liiiicMt  111'  liiuh  ami  lnw  watiT. 


NiimiiiIh  r  iiIkI   hricinlirr,   l^i.O. 


Hal- 


lliiiin  H  iippiT 
;i[iil  liiwtT  tiaii- 


Tiiuf  (if 


lii-'li  watiT.       Ii'W  wat»-r. 


Nov.  IT 

Is 


I'.i 


■J  I 


■ji; 


::ii 

]).r.      I 

■2 

:! 


7 
s 

II 

!l 
10 
11 
\-2 


1 

■1  n 
Id 

1 

.1.1 ) 

'i7 

I'.i) 
41 

(I'l 

llj) 
■2.i 

(fi 

1 

I'D 
li:! 

(T 

.I;M 

i:; 

s 

II.;) 

( s  1 1 ) 

■I  III) 

'.  ('.I  -2-) 

'.I  Till 

(10  It) 

III  :;^ 

(11  ii:;i 

1 1  j;i 

(II  :,i:) 


II  lM 

Ml  ."il) 

1  r.i 

(I  17) 

■J  1  .'l 

C-l  (:-') 

:!  10 

(.-!  :;i:) 

I  li:i 

CI  liT) 

I  .V2 

(•'i  !•■.)      ' 

.')  II 

(Ci  II.".  I 

I'l  :;ii      1 

( i;  .'i  I) 

7  I  '.1      '■ 

(7  1  "i ) 

s  II 

(^  .'m) 

!l  01 

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12  (1 

i 

ID       July,  1805. 


-i^m 


14()  itKcoiti)  A  M>  i;i:sri,Ts  o  k 

lliilj'-iiioiillihi  fiiiiiiKilili/. — 'i'lic  tlicdrcticiil  foriiiuLi  tor  the  liaU'-iiioiitlil}  iui([u;ilil\ 
ill  /inn  is,  accordiiiir  to  tlic  ((iiiililiriuin  theory, 

,       ,,  ,  /'  v///  "J-ft 

hill  Ji  —  —  ' 

\\li('n'  //  and  //'  represent  tlie  ele\ations  of  tlje  splieroid  due  to  (lie  snn  and  moon 
respectiMly,  (j)  tlie  ani,ndar  distance  of  tlie  moon  from  the  snn,  and  //'  tlie  ani,'nlar 
distance  of  tlie  pole  of  tlie  s|)her()id  (or  of  ]n'j;\i  water)  from  the  moon's  jijace.  In 
reality,  liowe\cr,  the  jiole  of  this  spheroid  follows  the  moon  at  a  eertain  distance, 
thi;  mean  value  X'  ot  whnh  is  known  as  the  ••mean  estahlishmeut,"  and  which  cor- 
res])ouds  to  u  distance  of  the  sun  and  moon  of  c]> — a  instead  of  <f.  'I'his  retropositioii 
of  the  tide,  which  is  mostly  the  effect  of  friction,  has  hi'eu  called  the  "age""  of 
the  tide. 

'I'lie  alioM'  fornuda.  in  conformity  with  the  wave  theory,  then  assumes  the  form 

/mi  2  (li  —  /.  )  ^     —  ^ '         ' 

^  ^  /,'+  /i  r„s-2  [,i>-a) 

tlie  mean  estahlishmen;  '■>'    the  ratio  of  the  solar  anil  hniar  effect        and  the  an'de 

/,■ 

of  retardation  n  are  to  lie  determined  from  the  otpser\ations. 

'llie  theoretical  e\])ression  for  the   lialf-montlily  ineipiaiit}   in  hiiijli/  is.  acconliiii;- 

to  tlie  ('(piilibrium  tlieory,  • 

,J  ==.  J  (/,'-  +  Jr  +  -211'  h  rux  '>.!,) 

where  _//  represents  the  height  of  the  pole  of  the  e(|uilil)rinm  spheroid  ahove  the 
uiidisturhed  mean  level  of  the  surface,  this  expression  must  lie  changed,  in  accord- 
ance with  the  wave  tln'ory,  into  the  following' 


J(- 


+  //-+  '2h'li<;,s 


2  (./;-a)) 


the  values  of//',  li.  ai;d  a  must  he  found  from  the  oliservations. 

In  ord(  r  to  compare  oi:r  observations  with  these  tln.'oretical  expri^ssions  the  luni- 
tidal  intervals  and  heights  .i|' Table  II  were  lirst  arranged  according  to  the  time  of 
the  moon's  transit;  the  total  number  of  observations  being  comparatively  small,  the 
results  by  the  two  series  were  at  once  united,  for  which  puri)i)se  tlie  heights  of  tl  .'. 
second  series  were  all  diminished  l)y  l.'J  foot  to  reduce  them  to  the  same  plane  of 
reference.  No  distinction  was  nKuh;  between  npper  and  lower  transits.  For  tin- 
liigh  waters  as  well  as  for  low  waters  twelve  groups  of  lunitidal  intervals  and  cor- 
responding lieiglits  were  formed,  and  tiie  values  of  each  group,  e\teiiding  over  one 
hour,  were  united  into  a  mean,  of  which  process  the  following  is  an  example:  — 


An.  (.'i:;.".)  'I'i 


il  Wav,-. 


Ui„   -1  c 


■  >,)=  — 


J( 


)/'"-  4-  iM' 


'X  {m- 


M"  +  S"  , 


fill  i  (ill  —  .1 
•2  (ill- 


ts»- 


l:'2ltiBm^mmm 


Ti  It  \  I.  (t  r.  s  i:  i;  \  \  r  i  <•  \ 


11 1 


I'.. I-  M.Miu',  'ri.iii-ii  111  I 

l-'ilSI    SiTi 


Ariil    ■-   alli 


([  'a  traiiait. 


i; 


(J      -l-l) 


Lull,  iiitcrviil  fur 
liiiili  Mali'i-. 


10''    :i(l"' 
(1(1        IS) 

(1(1    ;is) 


(-' 

ll'l) 

(Hi 

'■''') 

\1 

111 

IJ 

[1 

(III) 

(111 

l-i 

•Jli 

III 

li'i 

(■-* 

fill) 

(ill 

III) 

l-< 

In 

III 

(^ 

•-') 

(III 

111) 

IIrii;ll(    i.f 

hii:li  UMliT. 


:>:;'| :! 

( 1  '.1 7 ) 

(-':i(|) 

I '.I. 'J 


(  I  '.1. 1 ) 
■1-1  I 

{■l-\  ^) 
■Jii  -J 

(■-'::..■') 
■_':;.:; 

(Jiiii) 


C  '-  tr.■lll^lt. 


(  -J    I  •-'  ) 

rz     JJ) 


il  Si-rii'-i. 


Mean,  1     ■_".» 


10      to 


M  r, 


I. nil.  iil.MV:il  |„r  II. id. I  III' 

i"\v  \v;iti'r.  Ki\s  «;il.-r. 


17''  -J.-i" 

(li;  ii;;) 

(ii;  :i:;) 

ii;  ■J7 


1-j"  :i 

( I J  -J » 

(iJii) 

I J  ;; 


( •! 

III) 

1  li'i 

■>\ 

( 1  •-'  1) 

li 

i-j 

IT 

l> 

11  ^ 

f  -J 

nil  ) 

(  17 
1  r 

IT) 

"  "» 

(111.) 

1  ■)  .1 

{■1 

.-111) 

(ii'i 

."I'.i) 

•  (11. :m 

.1 

l-< 

IT 

l:! 

|ii;i 

1  'J 

1-') 

1  111 

:!T) 

(II. T) 

- 

■J'l 

III 

.'ill 

11  '.1 

'I'llC  1,'rrati'l'  till'  nilllllirV  nl'  \  ;i!ni"'  I  In'  llinrr  will   tin'  hiikiihi'i  u^nl,  ,1  I  mil  I  if  1 1  ill  I'll  ill 

iii('i|iiality.  (Irclinatimi  rtt'ri  l.  iiinl  iiar,illa\  ittirt.  ili-Miiiprar  iVi.iii   thr   niraii  n  siilts. 
Nl)  iilisi'i'valiiiu  was  iTJictnl. 

'I'lic   i'lilliiwiiiLr   talilr  ciiiitaiii'^  (lir   iiiian   Imtii-ly  xaliir^   I'nr  tiir   hiuh  watir-  ami 
low  watciN :  — 


MH-  liif 

1   W.'lllT 

1\. 

■  liiw  \\;itir. 

C  V  traii-it. 

I.ilii. 

Niiiiilirr 

ci!' 

iili.-rTv.-itiiilH. 

C'-t 

i;iiiHil. 

.1111.  iiit'l. 

Niiiiilii'i 

III' 

iilisiTvaliiiiK. 

iiit'l. 

ll..i.;l,(. 

Ili'ii;!,!. 

„ii    07™ 

11" 

17'" 

•J||'.7 

11 

11'' 

O-Jiii 

IT"    Jl"' 

IT'S 

1  1 

1       -.".I 

In 

:"i',l 

•Jl.)! 

IJ 

1 

•j;i 

IT      II J 

1  1   .1 

1  J 

■1     :i'.i 

111 

III 

•Jill 

11 

'1 

■J  11 

|i'.      .'ill 

II   11 

1  1 

;;    -J'.i 

III 

lla 

•1\.Z 

\1 

:i 

■j-^ 

li'i       1.1 

1  J  -1 

II 

1     Js 

in 

■.'<< 

'Jli  'J 

1:; 

1 

■_'s 

III     :;l 

1::.:: 

1 .1 

r.    "lO 

III 

.Ml 

111.  7 

i:: 

.) 

■-'7 

1  '*         I"' 

1 0  1  i 

11 

1;    ::ii 

11 

(I'.I 

I'.I.:', 

s 

1; 

•Jli 

IT      III 

It:: 

1  1 

7    -11 

11 

l."i 

111.-. 

1:: 

■; 

Jl'l 

IT      M 

1 1  J 

I:; 

.s     ■.'■_> 

11 

I'.I 

1 11.  s 

111 

s 

Jl 

ix       III 

1::  1 

s 

'.1    :;o 

11 

al 

:>(i.  1 

11 

'.1 

;:ii 

IT      •'■» 

1 J  s 

.s 

In    L".i 

1  1 

17 

'JO.  11 

s 

In 

J 11 

IT      .1 1 

1 J  I'l 

\\ 

11     i!-^ 

11 

•  )•) 

•Jl.-J 

11 

1  1 

'j.'i 

IT      IJ 

II  11 

II 

Mi'iin. 

11 

l:!.s 

i>0..'j 

1 

17     III.-') 

1-J.s 

l-'ruiti  this  and  the  iivri  iiliiiy  talilr  wc  liiul : — 

llriji-lit  III'  avira.u'-i'  lii'jli  wati'r  lr\i'l 
Ili'L'-lit  111'  iivi'Va"!'  Iiiu  wiitrr  ji'vrl 


Jii :,  \'vv\ 

IJ  s  r,.ii 


m 


'fil 


18 
H 


fiicc   ;\\i 


i;  loco  i:  P  A  \  i»  i;  i;sr  i/is  o  r 
ni'M'  rise  and   (iill   of  tide   T.T  feet  ;  lit  \'iin   Uciissclacv   IlarlMir  tlii-' 


quantity  nas  7.!)  tret. 


Ili'itrljl  iif  liij;ln>l  lu;;'ll  waliT  K'\(l 
llcifllil  of  |li^Vl■^t  IiIltIi  Wiilcl'  Irvd 


Uiiicc  cxtvcnic  fliutiiatioii  in  lii<,'Ii  water  level  1.'.]  feet  ;   at  Van  Uciisselaer  llar- 
lior  the  (■()rr(>ii()n{lin};  (|Uantity  was  HA  I'eet. 


lii'ifrlil  of  iiijflicst  luw  wiilir  live! 


li;.(l  tret 


T)i(T  ilf".:. 

I)iir.  L'S'".;-) 


Ilciglil  of  ln\vi..-.|  liiW  wuliT  Irvcl      ....       lll.S  led 

Flcnce  extreme  ilnetuation  in  low  water  level  ').'.>  feet ;  at  \'an  IlensM'laer  Ilarlior 
tlie  corn  spondin;^  iiiiantity  was  !(.((  feet. 

'I'lie  e.vtremc  tlnctiiation  in  the  water  level  oliserved  was  lo.s  feet;  at  Nan 
Ilensselaer  llarlior  tliis  (|iiantity  was  Ki.O  feet. 

Tlu-  mean  estaldisliments  at  the  two  places  compare  as  follows: — 

Mfiai  .■stiiMisliiiii'iit  (if  hi^'h  water  lit  I'ui't  r.Milkc,  1  T'  l:!"'.H 

Alrun  I'Staliiislimi'iit  of  lii^'li  water  at  N'aii  Keiissi'luer  Hiu'linr,  I  1  i'.l'-i 

Mean  I'staljlisliiiient  of  low  water  at  Port  Fmilke,  IT  !'.••'> 

Mean  eHtublislimeiit  of  low  wntcr  at  Van  Ueii.''st'liier  Ilarlpur,  17  IS.d 

The  determination  of  the  coiiHtuvits,  in  the  formula  for  half-monthly  ineiinality,  /// 
////(( ,  is  as  follows : — 

I'or  liijili  water:  -I'.y  iiiteriidliiliiiii,  tlie  nn'iiij  interval  oeeiiiv  at  a''  lis'".  (,  heiiec  a  =  '.i  'M' 
For  low  water  :  liy  inter|iohiti(iii.  the  mean  interval  oicurs  at  0  lii.O,  liemr  ,»  =  10  :)0 
r'or  lii;/!!  water :    liy  a  p-riijiliieiil  prueess  the  j;reatt'sl  riuiire  in  liie  iiiterviil  i>   1''  :i.')"' =  21     \.<' 

its  sine'  is  0,:{(1-J4 
l-'dr  low  water;    liy  a  (.'riilijiieal  prni'ess  the  ffl'eate-t  riili;.'e  in  Ihi'  iiilerviil   in    1''  Jl'i'"  =  '_M  '  !!'•' 

its  sine  Ls  i  .;i(!(i,"> 
Tlie  mean  eslnlplislinient  for  liiRli  water  >.'  =11''  i:i"',M  =  lr,>«    -21' 
Tlie  mean  e.staljli.xliment  fur  low  water  IT     r.l.'i     = 'J")'.(    !r2'i 

\\'<'  have  cimserinently  the  followiiif,'  expressions:  — 
l''roiii  I'M  observed  hij;h  waters, 

( I. :{(;•.' t  si,,  ■>  {</>  — 0°  :{(;') 


/„„  -i  (0'— Ids"  'IT)       — 


1  +  o.MdvM  ins  i  (,p  ->)'  ;;(;  ) 


and  from  TJI)  olisi'rved  low  waters 
f,„i  2  (0'— v'.")!)"  r)'H') 


0, ;{(;(;.■»  -,/  •,>  ((/,—  itr  iw) 
1  +  (».;i(i(;.")  rus  •?  (<;,—  10° :}()') 

l>y  means  of  these  expressions  the  inefpiality  //t  limr  lia.s  been  compnted,  the 
a'^reement  with  observation  is  shown  in  the  followinjr  table,  iilso  by  th(;  two  diagram^ 
in  \sliii  ii  tlie  observed  (piantities  are  indicated  b\  dots. 


'  In  tlic  nnmner  in  which        is  ileiliieed  ahnve  it  is  jireferalile  to  use  tin-  sine  instead  of  the  timjronl, 
/( 
as  liy  Mr.  T.nhlioek's  jmieess.      See  iiiso   I'liil,  Trans.  li<;j(i()lli   -■  ries  of  papei's  on  Tide^),  tiy  the 
Key.  \V.  Whewell. 


^'-JMfeBWMB 


T  I  l>  A  I,   (t  r,  s  i;  i;  \   \  r  I  o  n  s 


1  I'' 


lliiir-liiMiiilily  ill. 

i|ll:ilil_\    III   1  ilili- 

lu  IiIkIi 

wiiti-r. 

Ill  'nW 

wiili-r. 

C's  tl 

Hllsit. 

(ll.MM-Vllil. 

('iiiiijiiili'.l. 

+  :i"' 

|lill,T.'ll>  .■. 

C  '■'  IniiiHt. 

Ol.MTVl'.l. 
+      1"' 

I'lilUplll.-l. 

+    1'" 

iMIl.  r.'ii,  .•. 
(I'" 

(!'■ 

!.'■"' 

1 

■-",( 

—  i:. 

_l;i 

O 

1       J'.l 

—  17 

-IJ 

—   .'i 

.> 

•-".1 

— :il 

'JS 

-  -Il 

■:     ■!:< 

—•-"J 

—  J7 

^_   .1 

ll 

•J  11 

_;i',i 

— ;;',! 

II 

:;     •.'^ 

— ;!."i 

:;•< 

+    ■' 

1 

•.>s 

— 11! 

—  \' 

—  1 

1    -J^ 

—  IS 

—  i:! 

.'i 

tt 

.';ii 

~\H 

— :;-j 

+  - 

.'i     -7 

—■2H 

~:\a 

+   7 

I'l 

;;ii 

—  ,t 

—  .) 

(1 

I'l     -.'I'l 

11 

11 

II 

7 

■2i\ 

+  :!! 

+  :i» 

+  7 

7     Jfi 

+  'Jt 

+  -':i 

+    1 

s 

.M 

+  :;.-, 

+  «0 

■ .} 

^    ;;i 

4. Ml 

+  10 

+  10 

11 

III! 

+  40 

+  11 

—  1 

'.1    :;!♦ 

+  ;u 

•Ml 

—  ; 

III 

■J'.l 

+ :;:; 

1-  '■'>■! 

+  1 

Ill    •!'» 

+  ■'.■> 

•♦■:!:! 

—  1 

1  1 

■JS 

>■  ]:> 

.  1- 

11 

1 1     -J  ■. 

4-  -Ji 

t  -Jii 

-t    ■_' 

'I'lu;  coiiipiiiiMin  i<  -liouii  to  lirtlrr  luh: 


l"'iir  liL'li  wiU'T. 


II'  uiiiLTraiiis, 

I'f  IciW  H'illiT. 


+riO'" 

4ii 


&    111 


in 


=    -111 


+■■ 


4,1 


111 


•III 


fii'  1  2  r!  4 


S    II  tn  11  I'J" 


Mimii  .-  trati.sit. 


'I'lic  viin^c  (if  this  iii('(|iiality  iimiiiinl- 
lou  \\;itir;  tlii'-  i>  iilmiit  a  iKiniiiil  xiiliir 
lio\V(\('i',  To  tin-  imiisuiillv  laryc  \alni'  ot'  1''  .^2'" 


I'''  1  ■:  :i  I  Tl  i;  7  s  :>  m  n  v:'- 

MuOllV   ll   lll^it, 

1 '   '2(1'  lor  citlirr  till-  )  inir  of  lii 


Al    N'llll    itni^^rlarr   llafliol-  it   allliillll 


llril. 


'J'lic  (Ictcrminafion  nl'thr  coiistaiits  i'or  tlir  liall-iiioiitlih  iiiciiualitx  in  /c /'//// 


I'lillows:    First,  for  tlic  ntani  ;  the  ('|iocli  of  tlic  iii^in'^t  ami  lnwi  -t  nailinu  nl   liii.'li 

Avatcr  differs  from  tliat  of  tlic  s\/\i,'y  and  (|iia<iratiin',  mi  tlir  awra^r  liy  '>'2  \  iinu  r 

(X  ---  1:5",  similarly  tin;  op(iK-h  of  thr  extreme  readijiiEiis  of  low  water  liilfers  iiearlx  :>"J". 

lieiiee  a       !>".      Second,  for  file  raiit;-e  ;  Mie  ine(|iKi1ity  in  tlie  1.   ii;lif  of  liiuli  water  is 

'J.4  feet;   iialf  of  this,  or  1.",'  is  the  coetticieiit :   riis    ine(|na!ity  in   the   low  water  i-^ 

'J..')  feet;    its  coeflicieiit.  therefore.  \/2').      'I'lie  mean  of  all  tl    ■  hi'i-iils  of  hi-li  water 

heinj,'  •iO.")"),  and  of  all  the  heiiihts  of  low  water  \2>-\.  we  h.    •   at  "iiee  the  a|i|iio\i- 

mate  exiiressions  for  the  iialf-monthly  iiiei|nality  in  height,  fi  i  the  liit,di  wafers 

//       •-'().;")•"»  +  \.2  ',,■<  ■>  (fj,—  ]:{  ) 

for  the  low  water 

y/-  .  I-J.s:!— 1. •.>:.. e,  -J  (-p  —  >P) 


,rTrr 


ir*o 


I!  v.cow  i>   \  \  M  I!  i;s  r  r/is  d  r 


r 


?^; 


'lliis    Inrm  u;i'^   iiKn  iim  il    li}    Mr.   WIicvm  II  { I'liil.  'I'r;iii>.   |s;il.    \il.   1 1 )  ;is  ii  liisl 
ii|i|int\iiniitii)ii,  and  was  a|i|ilii  li   \t\   hh'  In  llic  N'aii  lvi'ii>M'la('r   llarlmi'  liilis.      I'm- 


4in|'t 


Imi't  sciics  '  iH  (|iiit('  Millu  Kilt,  ami  iii  the  pri'MMil  rax'  Ihc  itmiIIs  IhiiikI  Its  n  ami 
li\  till'  iiinic  rif^'oroiis  luriii  },'ivt'ii  lulnw  lianll)  dili'i  r  \>\  is  imicli  as  one  inch  in 
tlic  rxtrcnic, 

To  find  the  ratin  of  tlic  solar  and  lunar  lidc  we  have  tlic  jxi'catcst  or  s|iriiii,'  tide 
raiiirc  •,'1.7— II. s  !).!»  feet,  and  llic  least  or  map  tide  ranj;v,  l',!.:! — I  1.:}  .  .").() 
Ircl  ;    llic  I'ollilcr  luilif,'  tlic  slim,  tlir  liitlrr  llic  (liHi  n  nee; 

•>   1,-, 

hniic  the  ratio   *  n.:!'J|) 

;.  I") 

l''(ir  siilpstitiiliou  ill  our  I'orniiila  i,'i\(n  at  tlic  head  of  liiis  article,  we  take  I'lij-  A 
llic  haU'oC  tiic  ditrereiicc  hctwccn  the  hi;.dicst  and  lowest  hiyli  w  iter,  or  the  dili'er- 
cncc  hctwccn  the  lii;,dicst  and  lowest  low  water,  whii  h  is  I. 'J'.',  the  i  (iri(s|i()iidiiiu'  /'', 
hj  means  oi' the  above  r.ilio,  is  ;{.VJ,  hence  the  e\|tres>ion 


lr:}.7v»-  +  1. •.'•.'-■  +  •->  X  :5.7i  x  \.-2>  r,,.s  •>  (r/>_  \.\  )~\  a 


ml 


ciaiijintim,'  the  iiie(|iiality  l>\  tliis  expression  the  na  in  of  all  the  oiiJiiiii'cN  will  he 
I'oinid  -  :5.Nl,  which  constant  \vc  sniilriKt  to  olilain  the  iiiciiiialitv  itseli  ;  \m  lia\e 
thererore  iur  hii^'li  water  llic  hall-iiioiitlilv   imipialit) 

y  :._Jri. -,.;;:',  +  !).!  ,„.  'J  (,;,_  l;r)l  _;j.s| 

and  lor  losv  water 

//       Jri.-,.;!;!_it.l  ,,« -J  (r/,  —  !)")"!  _:|.s:! 

The  coiiiiiarison  hi  i\m  en  oliscr\ed  and  <  nininiti  il  heights  is  shown  in  the  iollov\- 
ini,'  tahle  and  hy  diagrams.  The  ohser\('d  iiiei|iialit y  \\as  Imind  hy  snlitractiiiLr 
the  mean  ol'  the  whole  IVom  i  acji  sinnic  value.  'Ihc  results  ((impiced  li\  the 
approxiniatc  t'ormnla'  are  marked  "app.;"  those  hy  tin  more  iit,'oriiii  ■  I'lirmula'  are 
marked  ••ri''."" 


ll:iir-lii 

mllily  iiir 

{Mill 

1  V    ill 

l.'iL'ht. 

III  liiuli  wall' 

ui...rv,.,i.'"'!;i';';'"' 
"■ 

r. 

I'ollllUlti'.l 

i-ig. 

IliUiTI'l 

(LV 

III  Inw   WalfT 

('iiiii|iiii..i 

liiil.r.ih... 

<r- 

Inn. 

tr.an. 

OlwiTVi;il. 

C'iilii|iii(('i| 

1     »l'l'- 

II'' 

.)-ni 

+  l''.l;-. 

+  rMT 

-f  1".  1  1 

(l".0 

0'' 

•J7"' 

—  T'.O 

— I".-J 

—  I".:! 

1  11"  :: 

1 

•J'.l 

+  (l.7.") 

+  1.11 

+  l.(l'.l 

_(i.:i 

1 

•J'.l 

— O.'.l 

i  —I.I 

-1.1 

^  (1  -1 

o 

■J'.t 

+  l.ll.'i 

+  (i."i» 

+  (l.s| 

+  ((.:• 

O 

•J'.l 

—  O.'.l 

1     -0.7 

— oi; 

— 0.;; 

'l 

:.".i 

+  i(,nr. 

+  (i.i>l 

+  11.:;:; 

+  ii.;i 

•  J 

•JS 

—0.:! 

'     —0.1 

0.0 

— 0 :; 

1 

'Js 

— o.;!5 

— (I..!7 

— ll.-.>7 

—0.1 

\ 

■JS 

+  0..-, 

H-li.-. 

+  ii.r, 

— 11. 1 

,) 

oil 

—a.  s.-) 

— o.tn 

— ll.ilO 

0.0 

,t 

-  1 

+  IIS 

,      +1.0 

+  o.'.l 

—0.1 

i; 

oil 

—  I.:i.-. 

—  I.ls 

—  l.lJS 

O.ll 

i; 

ji; 

+  1..-. 

■    +1.:! 

+  11 

-1  ti  1 

1 

'ji; 

—].)>:> 

—  I.I.-. 

—  I.L't 

0.0 

7 

ji; 

+  1.1 

+  1.1 

'    1.0 

4  0,1 

s 

-.' 

— ().7:> 

—U.S.-) 

— (t.,s;i 

+  0.1 

.s 

Ji 

-1  o.:i 

1      +0.S 

-4-0.7 

—II.  1 

'.1 

:;a 

— (ur. 

— (i.-.>:i 

—(1. 1  -2 

0.0 

:i 

;;o 

0.0 

,  +11.1 

+  0.1 

-0.1 

10 

L".l 

+  o.:i.") 

+  o.:i,s 

+11.  ii; 

—0.1 

10 

'J'.l 

—0.  •J 

1    — o.i; 

— II.. "i 

+  0  :; 

II 

JS 

+  (i.r,r) 

-1  (I.S'.I 

+  (i.s!l 

— U.-2 

11 

J.-| 

— o.'.l 

—  1.0 

—  1.0 

+  0.1 

The  low  vvaters  are  not  as  well  reiiresented  as  tlic  lii;,di  water- 


T  I  I'  \  I,  II  i; >  i:  i;  \   \  Till  \ 


I  >l 


i-'.i,  1,1  I, « ,1, 


||>I    Invv   M.,1, 


tiilc 


(    I     .1 
I.- 


5  .1 


H         1... 


-l.J 


til 
l.J 


I    I 


II"  1  ^  :i  -1  .'i  i;  7  -  :i  I"  II  u        li   I  •:   i  .(  r.  i;  "  -  n  in  \\  !:;■. 

M !'.•>  Ir.in.tit.  M.ioM'-  ii;in-il. 

Till'  Vlllliri'  fur  ilic(|lliilit\  is  the  Mlllir  fiiv  liiyll  mill  low  WIltrlN.  Wdi'P'JIs  ;il  \';iii 
lirll>--rl.irl'  ll.illiiil'  lllc  l;il  Irr  U  iis  (■iill--illrl'lll  il\  LTIriltir  ;  llir  llliHi'  l'i:,'iirnll-'  lAlilrs. 
siiiiis  till'  till'  Iki1I'-iiiiiii|IiI\    iiii  i|ii;ilil  \   iuv  ihi-s  iihui'  ;iit' 

For  lii^'li  wiilrr     //         [I"  Is.'.'-')  I    I'.'.d  ',,s  •.'  (-/,—  l.V  )"]  -  .  |.|  i 
I'ur  Inw  wilier      y         [ris.:;(i_  |:;,()  ,,,.  •.'  (,;,_  i,-,  )~\  —  |  ij 


■    'I'lll'SI'  l'l|llllllillW  >llcMl1(l   III'  >l|ll.<lil  III  I'll   III   III!'   {illll'C  III'  tliii.M'  u'Im'II  |i.   71    (lllll'.'i  ;>  ill!' I  'I  IVnIll   ln|.| 

III  ilir  Villi  lU'ii.-.-fliirr  lliirliur  tiiliil  lii-i'ii-inii      'I'ln'  nli.MrM'il  uinl  t'i)iii|iiiiril  iiii'i|imliiy  riiiii|iiiii'  n 
r.ill.iw.-.:— 


r,.r  lii 

.^li  wal.r. 

DiiriM-i'in'c. 

()lis,.rvi.il. 

I'T  |ii«  «.itir. 

([  'a  triin.iit. 

Oli.^ii'rTi'il. 

C'omiMitfil. 

f'ii|ll|iHti'.l. 

i)iir.T...i 

OV' 

+  1"   1 

41":! 

— o'M 

—  i".;i 

— 1"-7 

-1  <•".  1 

1', 

II  :; 

+  1  ■■'' 

II  (I 

-~  1  .-. 

—  1  T 

4'»- 

..t 

+  11 

4  10 

■1 II 1 

—  1  II 

—  II 

+  0., 

.•■T 

-f  11. 1 

411.:. 

—0.1 

.  .11  7 

— II.  .1 

—0  1 

l! 

— 11  :; 

— (i.:i 

0  II 

!   II  .1 

411.:. 

0  0 

■  <\ 

—  1   1 

—  10 

—II  1 

41     1 

41  1 

j  0.:; 

ii'i 

—  i.i; 

—  1  i; 

II  0 

41  7 

41.1 

40:: 

V.'r 

—  1.:; 

—  1  ll 

40;; 

4-'  0 

41   1 

411  1; 

S'- 

— II.  :• 

—  1.0 

411 1 

41   1 

+  1   1 

II  II 

'■'i 

—II. -J 

— o.-i 

O.ll 

40.1 

-4  0  ;, 

—0  1 

na 

+  (!.:; 

•1-0  .-, 

—it  .' 

— 0.  ■< 

— o.;i 

— (i.r> 

II  L 

+  ii,:i 

41  " 

—0  1 

—  1  :; 

—  1  1 

—0.2 

('ulll|illl'ill'/  llir<i'  ri'lllailliliT.S  ttilll    lllii.-r    ijivill  nil  |i.    71,  iiml  ilnijliri'il   Irnlll  till'  ,l|i|irn\iiiinli:  ni(llll- 
liiili.-^,  ll  will  III'  >i'i'ii  lliiil  llii'  ri'|ii'r.-riiliilinii  i>  I  i|iiiilly  jnml  liy  rilhi  r  Inrm 


IS! 


wSBu 


9.  ^^f\. 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


k 


/#.^  % 


<:!.  %° 


:/- 


f/. 


z 
^ 


1.0 


I.I 


2.5 


■-IIM 

I  JO    miii^ 

t   1^    1 20 


IL25  1 1.4 


1.6 


V 


<^ 


/; 


% 


'^  > 


Photographic 
.Sciences 
Corporation 


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152 


11  i:c'()it  I)  A  N  I)  iiKsr  LTs  or 


•2.9.) 


!      I 


(Iciiciuliny  on  tho  ratio  of  solar  to  lunar  tide  —'  '  =  O.^Hti,  which  is  nrotrraljlc  to  tlic 

value  (O.OliT)  fjivcn  in  the  text  (p.  71),  tlio  spring  rr.nf,'c  bcinij;  10. S,  and  the  neap 
range  4.!)  feet,  vahies  whieh  approximate  closer  to  the  Port  Foulke  results. 

hi  the  notation  of  Art.'s  (">:5(i)  to  ("jIO),  Tides  and  Waves,  we  have  from  the  tinn; 

iner[nality,  for  Port  roulkc  ..„  =  O.^KJl,  and  from  the  height  inequality  .-,„=().IV21); 

the  heights  generally  give  the  .smaller  value,  but  that  deduced  from  the  times  is 
theoretically  the  more  correct  one.  The  retard  of  the  tide  from  the  time-inequality 
is  a  ~- 10°  ;}',  and  from  the  height-ine(|nality  a=  11°  0',  the  latter  is,  theoretically, 
the  preferable  value.  Th<>  average  daily  separation  of  the  sun  find  moon  is  4H"'.S; 
hence  the  tini.e  in  which  the  moon  moves  through  this  angle  or  the  age  of  the  tide 

equals  1  >.  x'lq  "^  ^-^  ^^  ^  '^"X  C^^2  lioi'i"**);  1'}'  this  interval  the  spring  and  neaj) 

tides  follow  the  lyzygy  and  quadrature*  respectively.  The  retard,  as  found  at  Port 
Foulke  and  \'an  Rensselaer  Harbor,  is  comparatively  small. 

Ejfipf  of  Chaiirjrn  of  the  Lunar  Parallax  on  iJic  Ilalf-monfJiIi/  InrqnaJilj/. — From  a 
short  series  of  observations,  like  the  one  now  mider  consideration,  wo  can  only 
deduce  ajiproximately  the  changes  which  the  half-monthly  inequality  undergoes  in 
conse(pience  of  variations  in  the  lunar  parallax,  and  the  same  remark  applies  to  the 
changes  produced  by  variations  in  the  moon's  d(>clination.  The  method  followed 
in  this  discussion  is  nearly  \\\v  same  for  the  parallactic  and  decliuiition  effects,  and 
api)lies  for  high  and  low  water  an<l  for  times,  and  heights.  The  liuii-tidal  inter\  als 
and  corres])onding  heights  were  rearranged  with  reference  to  small  and  large  values 
of  the  i)arallax  ;  it  is,  how(>\('r,  not  the  parallax  belonging  to  th(>  e])och  of  high  or 
low  tide  which  was  employed,  but  one  anterior  to  that  time,  the  retropositioh 
de|)ending  on  the  retard  of  the  tide  as  detc^rmined  in  the  preceding  article.  As  the 
average  age  amounts  to  nearly  a  day,  the  parallax  preceding  the  d^tfect  by  that  inter- 
val was  used  in  the  tabulation.  No  distinction  is  recpiired  for  npi)er  or  lower  tran- 
sits. The  lirst  group  consists  of  intervals  and  heights  for  parallax  between  54'  and 
5T,  the  second  for  par;illax  between  51'  and  00'.  The  means  beii.g  taken  for  each 
hour  of  the  moon's  transit,  the  following  tabh's  were  obtained.  Tiie  letter  V  stands 
f«,r  parallax  ;  thi"  ine([uality  for  the  average  parallax  (57')  is  added  from  the  pre- 
ceduig  investigation. 


■|'  I  PA  I,  (» i:s  i:  i;  v  a  'I'  i  u  n  s 


l-Vci 


TaIILK  111.  —  l,iiii;ir-|Mr;lllai'li(.'  etVi'cl  mi  ihr  Ihiir-liMiillily  liiniiialily 
For  liiijh  water. 


C'a  trail. 


Lull,  iiit'l.        Uoiglit.    I    1.1111.  iiifl.        U.Mizlit. 


(I" 

:',{)'" 

IT' 

iv 

1 

.'ill 

11 

(11 

2 

:iO 

10 

■ir. 

a 

■•ill 

1(1 

;!4 

i 

:!ii 

10 

liii 

;") 

:!ii 

10 

."tii 

Ci 

:iii 

10 

tl-1 

T 

:jo 

11 

U-2 

H 

;iii 

11 

."iii 

0 

Jill 

1-2 

oi; 

10 

:50 

11 

.")4 

11 

;}() 

11 

;ji 

- — .,  —    .— .. 

•2V\:, 

lii.i; 

•Jii,:! 

•i  1 . :! 

lli.s 
111.  11 

I'.i.l 

ls.il 

•211 -1 

:>ii  '.1 

•J  1.1 

10  fill 

1(1  :;s 

111  :;i; 

HI  ir. 

Ill  It 

('Id  Tc') 

11  UN 

1 1  :;s 

1 1  :;s 

II  :!^ 

II  :il 


•Jl'  '.1 
•J  I  ■> 
■Jl'.  1 
■Jl  I 
•jii." 
■Jii.d 
1'.'  7 
•J(i  I 

■J(i.;! 

•J(l." 
•Jd.'.l 

•J1.4 


Kiir  linv  w.itiT. 
l'  =  ,'i.V.5  I 

1,1111.  iiil'l.        Il.ijlit.        l.iiii. 
17''    JV"        IJ''  I 


17  dl 

1<:  11 

ii;  .".J 

|i;  1.-. 

l<;  .-.:: 

17  It 

17  -:; 

Is  J'-. 

1-  II 

17  ."is 

17  :;i-. 


I  ■>.  I 
iji; 
l::  7 
l:;  s 

I I  .'i 
;  17 

II. 0 

l:i.i) 
IJ.s 
IJ  d 


17'' 

17 

li; 

|i; 

l<; 

h; 

ii; 

17 

17 
17 

17 
17 


r  = 

iiil'l. 

1  :>'■■ 
dl 

•  I- 1 

Id 
::l 

;'p'.i 


'.','.> 


Il.'i^l.l. 

1  I"  .1 
11  7 
II  ■( 
IJ  I 
I  J  .. 
l:;  :; 
l:;  s 
l:;  J 
I  J  :; 
1 J  i; 
IJ  J 
11..- 


Mriin,    !     II      I"  -'o:!     1     H     "■''  -'d  x  17 


I  ill  17      IJ  IJI 


A\'('  luivc  tlicvft'orc  tur  the  ii'ih-i"  rlutli'iil  f)t('(;l  of  tlir  iiarallax  in  tiiii"  and  lici^lil 
the  values :  — 

I.uiKir  I'lr.illax. 


Liui:ir  laralla.s. 


I.Mw  u-atiT 
liiHaii  eslalpli-linii.Mil. 


I  "!' 

•  )".'i' 

.-,•,1' 

17 

I'll 

f>7" 

17 

IJ" 

.^s:. 

1! 

(■|irr 

I'liiiil 

I.V     III! 

C'lriiiiila 

7''  1 

I','  -- 

,„.    ||. 

— .m') 

lliL-ll  W.-ldT 

meau  (.•.■^t.jlili.-liiiM'iit. 

,|1,      |;,„ 

11         11  .^7 

1 1    d.')  ."i;! 

Ill  iircsiiilril  liv  till'  loniiuin 
,,1,  14m  _;;„■,  ,i._.-,7', 

An  liirrrKfir  of  limav  parallax  is  followed  liy  a  (Idriiis,  of  tlie  mean  estalpiiNhniriil 
for  high  as  well  as  for  low  water. 

Moau  heisht  of  high  water.  Lunar  juralhix. 

211".  :5  •>■>' 

20.').")  .''T 

20,  S  .''ill  I'-'t  "i 

An  imrrnsr  of  tlio  liariillii.\  is  rnljnwnl    li.v  an  .\n  mrmi.-r  nf  ih,.   |iacitlla\   i>  lulloui d   l.v  11 

nirrrasr  in  tin'  nn'iin   hri.ulil,  nt   u   rad'  uf  d".l:l      ilnmisr  in  llir  nnan  Iniulil,  ul   11  nilr  iil'  d",J 
fur  r  ul"  paniiUiclii.'  dmnf,'.'.  I'"!'  ''  "^'f  paciillin'lii'  iliiinL'c 

Tli(>  riing(^  of  the  tide  is  (•oiise(iueutl\  iia  reased  liy  0'.:!  nearly  for  a  ipaiallaclic 
increase  of  T. 

For  th(>  pi  i-inil'inil  part  we  form  tlie  followin-;  table  hy  sul.traetion  of  the  mean 

values  in  'I'alih.'  111. 


MiMii  liiMirlit  "f  1"«  wal'T.  Lunar  jiaraliax. 

I  J  s  ,^7 


Intcrjioluti-'il,  iuimljt.'r  ul'  cjljMrvuiiun.-  in>iilliriiiil. 


•zn      August,  1805. 


i:>t 


IT  KCO  K  I»    A  N  |i 


KS  f  I. 'I' 


Il.-ili;ilit 

>■  ill  iii^i 

1  H-.aiM-. 

r.'.i' 

l'=ri.^}' 

lllr 

lu.ility  ill  lipw  «nt,T. 

r,s|' 

^  'h  tr.'in. 

r=.'-,.v 

TiT' 

l'.=.'ir/  [     57' 

r.7' 

:,.-■" 

i'=.-.-i'     r,7' 

(!''  :!(l"' 

+   A- 

+  ;;'" 

+    S^^' 

+  l".-.> 

+  rM 

+  l".l 

+  :!"' 

+  ,■)'" 

+  7'" 

—  l".ii  — l".ii 

— n".'.! 

1   :;ii 

—  \i; 

—  i.-i 

—  (i 

+  l,:i 

+  0..S 

+  0.4 

—24 

—17 

—11 

II.S 

—II.'.I 

—II  7 

i  -M 

;;2 

— :)i 

— -7 

—II.  I 

+  1.0 

+  1.:; 

—41 

— ;;o 

—  I'.i 

—  1.0 

— O.'J 

— II,  Ti 

:;  oil 

1.! 

— :i'.i 

+  1,0 

+  11.7 

+  0.:! 

—  U't 

— ;i4 

ij.j 

— 0.;') 

-o.:i 

0.0 

1  .;o 

—  11 

—  n; 

—  I'.i 

— (I.') 

— ii.;i 

— ii.l 

_4i) 

-40 

—  11 

+  0.11 

+  11.:. 

+  0.1 

.■>  ;!ii 

—  Jl 

— I'l 

—■n 

—0.7 

— O.'.l 

—0.  s 

;J2 

—27 

—21 

+  11.7 

+  0.S 

+  II.'.I 

I'l  :ii) 

— J.') 

—  ,') 

—  l:! 

—  \.-2 

—  1.2 

—  1.1 

—11 

—  10 

—  l:i 

+  1.4 

+  i.r, 

+  1.4 

7   :i(i 

-I-  ;!.'■) 

+  :;i 

+  -'■•! 

—  1.4 

— l.M 

—0.7 

+  2.S 

+  24 

+  11 

+  1.11 

+  1.4 

+  0.N 

s  :!() 

+  .r.i 

+  ;;:, 

+  ;!;i 

—11.7 

—0.7 

—0.,^ 

+  01 

+••1 

+  41 

+11.0    +0.:! 

—0.1 

11  :i(i 

+  4!! 

+  1(1 

+;i:i 

—0.1 

—0.2 

—0.1 

+  411 

+  :;:! 

+  11 

— II.  1        II. II 

+  11.2 

,11    .'Ml 

+  :!T 

+:;:! 

■¥r.\ 

+  ll.li 

+0.;! 

+  0.1 

+:;,! 

+  :i2 

+  27 

— (),:!    —11. -J 

—0.2 

11   ;;ii 

+  1.^ 

+  111 

S4 

+  -Jii 
711 

a.  7 

+  0.7 
2.5 

+  0.11 
2.1 

+  11 

".10 

+  22 
.S4 

+  40 

—  1.1    — ii.'.i 

2  ;j 

liiiiiiri'. 

ST 

7 II 

2.7 

2.0 

'I'lic  riiiii,'('S  of  llic  inri|u;ility  for  tiiiii'  and  licij^lit  wen-  talii-u  IV 


(1111  a  "n\  iiliK  al 


livoccss  t(i  tVcc  tlii'iu  iViiiu  tlic  iiiciilciital  irri':j;ulariti('s  of  tlic  talnilav  iiiiiiilirV' 


As  tlic  parallax 


tl 


nirrmst.'i  tlio  vaiiirc  o 


f  tl 


ic  nil 


([iiality  ill  time  for  liiuli  and  for  1 


ow 


\vat('r  ihcri (iKi 


it  the  rate  of  nearly  ^J'"  for  liiLili  water,  and  of  nearly  f"  fur  lo 


water,  for  each  iiiiniite  of  cliaiii^e  of  parallax. 

\N'itli  resjiect  to  the  inequality  ranj^e  in  height  an  ///'■/vf(,v/fif  parallax  i><  followed 
liy  a  ihrniisr  in  the  raiiye  for  hiyh  and  low  water;  this  latter  rcMilt.  however.  I  do 


It  tl 


link 


fully  estahlished. 


'I'lie   jiarallactic   results   for    l.r\er|)ool   and    I,ondon  (I'hil.  'i'raiis.  l,s:{(;)  accord 


iilKin 


the  whole,  (juite  well  with  tin 


;iyen  ahoye  for  Port  I'oiilke  ;  only  results  f^ 


liiLdi  water   arc  yiyen. 


The  variations  in  tli(>  nhn-il  of  the  lid 


nii 


ido  out  hy  means  of 


lical 


jiri 


c  depending'  on  Aariatioiis  of  paralla.x  wen 
it  ajjiears  that  for  Incr'H-sini/  parallax 


the  aii^^le  a  ///(•/•.  ((-v ,s  for  liij^h  and  low  water  at  a  r;itc  of  about  I}'"  for  each  minute 
uf  parallactic  chaii'^c.     'i'liis  accords  also  well  with  the  J.iycrpool  result. 


EjJ'ir/  (if  f'hfiiH/tx  (if  (III  Mdditx  DicliiKitiiii)  Oil  /lie  Ifiilf-iiiniitJiIi/  riii</iiii1!/i/. — The 
effect  of  the  declination  chaiii;-es  may  he  found  by  the  use  of  tli(>  same  method  as 
that  employed  in  the  ])arallactic  inyesti;<ation,  but  as  the  declination  effect  varies  as 
the  KijiKiri'  of  the  declination,  the  i,n'eater  the  number  of  f,n-(mps.  arraii,i,'ed  for  ih-cli- 
nations  between  ()''  and  +",'(r,  the  more  reliable  will  be  the  re -nit.     Our  short  series 


lill 


lot  permit  the  formation  of  eyeu  two  full  i,'roups.  the  first  comprising.  dccH 


na- 


tions  between  0'   and   +\{\°.  the   second   between  +1(1'  and  +'J(i 


Tl 


le   moon  s 


deelinati<in  /incii/iiii/  the  effect  by 


one? 


day  has  been   emitloyed.      It   was   foiii 


necessary  to  contract  the  tabulation  of  the  half-monthly  inequality  from   \2  to  (> 
values;  for  transits  near  1''  and  11''  only  lii^di  declinations  occur;  for  transits  iie;ir 


on 


ly  1 


o\y  one 


no  resi 


llts 


could 


ther 


(•f<ire  be  inserted  for  these  hours.      J)  stands 


for  declination 


'    KiU-  Ir.-^s  nttrlilinii  Iki,  liillirrl.i  liri'ii  isiwu  In  Uir  l;i\v>  111'  l.iu-  Wilier  lliiiii  111  lliu-r  of  1iIl:1i  w.mIi'I'; 
llii'  liilirr  iiiT  iirtirli.iill,!  nl' -iTiUri-  i!ii|iiii'liiiiiT.  lull  ilii  m;  l,,iill,j  iImti'  is  iin  (lill'crriin'  in  llirir  \aliii'. 


C  'rt  tra. 


I.lnilir-ilrr!;l 
llijll   WiltiT. 

Iiii'i|iiality  ill  tiMK', 


1''       ....  Ili'lis".    .... 

:',      111'' IP''  III  ■;-,     111'  :;i','" 

II  HI  III  ::'.!     Ill  :;:: 

...  II    J7      .... 

!i      II   It;  II  .">:•   (II  .■;)■.' 

II      ....  1 1   til    .... 


\Iraii, 


1 1  1 1 


ii  \  I,  n  I'.  --■  r  i;  \   \  r  I II 


Mli'MI    l-l\ir\    nil    ihr    ll:lir-lili.|il|ily    I  llri  |I|||  I  il  _V 


Lmv  w.'ilrr. 
ltii'.|iiaiily  in  tiini'. 

-  -  -  .     iT'C: ' 

Ic.''  r.i"    |r,    I-    ir,'  17 
lii    M      lr.    IJ    ir,    I  I 

-  -  -  -      IT   :'T     

1^     I-        I-    111       IT    .'■L' 

•  ■  -  -      IT    I''.     •  -  -  - 
IT    \'' 


l'"om  tlir  iiliovc  cinniiiliition  wr  can  iiil'i-  lint  I'nr  inn-  i'-///;/ ilccliiiatiini  tlic  i,'ui- 
/irrliiih'ral  piivt  (if  tlir  lialt'-inmitlily  in(M|ii,ilil y  il<  i  rm^,  .^  ,•  this  a]i|)lii's  to  tlic  tiiiir^  dl' 
liiyli  anil  of  low  watrr ;  tln'  total  vaiiL;r  ln'tutMii  0  ami  *"Jli'  jirolialiK  anmiint^  to  a 
irw  ininntcs.  licsiirctiii^'  the  lll'i^ilt^.  an  /."/'r/s,  i.t'  thr  tiionn's  ilrclination  |ii-ii- 
halily  proilnci's  ii  il<criit-^<'  (in  the  non-iirvioijir  jiari )  of  the  liriulil  nl'  liii^li  wati  i-.  ami 
crrtainly  an  iiirmi.s/  in  the  hciii'lit  of  low  watrr ;  llir  vanL;'r.  tlicrci'oi'r,  w  ill  tliinini-li 
with  an  increase  of  (leclination.  The  total  ranL^'e  lntweeii  /n-o  ami  iiiaximum  iln  li- 
naliou  ]>volial)ly  iinioiints  to  a  fraction  of  u  foot. 

The  ]ierio(lical  .'uul  eimchal  ]iart  of  the  (leclination  elicit  cannot  he  in\e~!  iuati  il 
on  account  of  an  insnilicieiicy  of  material ;  for  the  >ame  rea>cin  we  are  ciim|Mlli  i|  tn 
omit  any  discussion  of  the  eifect  of  chanL;'es  of  the  --olar  ileclination  ami  jiarallaN. 
wliiuli  wonlil  (lemuiul  a  series  of  ohserNations  extemliiiLi'  at  least  o\t'r  oik'  \ear. 


fiiris/!i//i/iii,i  iif  //i''  D'liriiiil  liiKjtKil'iiii. — 'I'he  |ilienomenon  i\i  <ilh  nuiii  iiii^her  ami 
lower  llijll  waters  ami  nlh  nnilf  higher  ami  lower  low  waters.  iiNn  ulii  rii.i.  earlier 
and  later  \\\<j\\  or  low  waters,  is  known  as  that  of  the  diurnal  imiimilily.  It^  exile 
is  a  lunar  day.  and  as  its  nia^jnitude  de|iemls  on  the  nioiin">  ih dinatiim,  il  i:oes 
thronn'h  its  phases  in  aliont  1  I  days,  or  hall'  a  lunation,  (ienerally  sjieakinL;'.  and 
willioitt  reference  to  retard,  this  ineijuality  ^anishes  when  the  moon  passes  (he 
eipiator,  and  reaches  its  j^-reatest  de\eliipnient,  when  the  iiidon  attains  its  tjrealest 
north  or  smith  declination.  'I'he  I'ull  eifect  is  not  tjenerally  riadn  d  until  six^ral 
days  after  the  moon  has  passed  these  positions.  The  hiuh  waters  alone  ma\  he 
principally  affected,  or  the  low  walirs  alone,  or  hoth  may  e\liiliil  the  inei|iialit\ . 
I'art  al>o  of  this  diurnal  tide  dejieiids  on  the  sun.  and  apjiears  therefnre  in  certain 
months  of  the  year  more  distinct,  and  in  other  months  less  so.  'i'he  tidal  tin  oiies 
a^'ree  in  assio'iiini;'  a  lartje  diurnal  iiiei|iiality  to  the  middle  latitudes,  mid  a  small 
one  to  equatorial  and  polar  latitudes,  the  e\i>tence  of  the  diurnal  inei|nalit_\  in  lialiin 
])ay.  aloni>'  the  west  coast  of  (ireeuland,  has  loui,'  lieeii  known  to  na\i^ators,  and  h\ 
the  laliors  of  ])r.  Kane  it  has  lieeii  traced  lieyond  Smith  Strait  as  fir  up  as  latitude 
'tX\''  X.  The  present  series  not  onl)  confirms  these  roiilts  hut  u;\es  us  hy  far  the 
Letter  special  knowledLje  of  the  \arioUs  features  of  the  ]Jielioniii!Mn.  The  diiirual 
ineipiality  experienced  in  tlioe  lo'i^-h  1  itilmles  is  exidi'iitly  the  re-,iilt    ef  the  prupa- 


!    ■■  i'-U.  Sh* 


41 


l.-)(l 


I!  Hf'O  I!  |i    A  N  II    I!  i:sr  I.TS    ((  I' 


mi 


\k  i 


i,Mti()ii  of  (lie  (liiiniiil  wiivc  tlir(inLi;Ii  tlic  Atlniitic  Occini  iiiid  up  IJallin  W.iy.  W f 
sliiill  now  enter  more  fully  into  the  plienonienii,  and  connnence  witli  llie 

llinnml  Ini <iiiiilllii  in  //liij/i/. — On  I'late  1  tile  oli-ierxcd  tides  of  the  winter  ami 
sunnnev  series  have  heen  laid  down  ^'rapliically  in  time  and  heiiiht;  this  was  dune 
directly  from  the  I'umbers  of  Tahle  II.  The  few  wantini;  tides  were  interpolatfil, 
and  are  shown  by  dots.  'I'lie  hij^li  waters,  dependini,'  on  the  moon's  ii/i/>' r  transit, 
as  veil  as  the  low  waters  J'n//(iir!,ii/,  which  dejiend  on  the  same  transit,  are  dis- 
tinf^nislied  from  those  hiii;h  and  low  waters  which  follow  the  moon's  /mci  r  transit, 
l)y  a  simple  dot  at  their  extremity;  whereas  the  latter  haxc  a  small  circle  attached. 
To  render  the  diurnal  iue([uality  more  consijicuous,  the  dots  of  the  hif^li  and  of  tin; 
low  waters  were  each  connected  l)y  a  full  line,  and  the  circles  by  lines  of  dashes. 

Th(!  vertical  distances  between  this  full  line  and  the  line  of  dashes  are  re-plotted 
on  a  straitflit  axis  (of  abscissa^)  and  exliibited  below  eacli  series  of  obser\ations,  the 
first  for  hiirh,  tlio  second  for  low  water.  On  the  same  axis  zero  declination  (of  tin' 
moon)  is  indicated  by  a  small  circle,  and  f^reatest  north  or  south  declination  liy  a 
small  bar.  The  diurnal  ine([uality  in  heii,dit  is  jj;reater  for  the  hij^h  waters  and  less 
for  the  low  waters,  and  that  ///<//«  water  which  follows  the  moon's  ujipi  r  transit 
(about  1 1  hours)  when  sh(>  has  vni/i  declination  is  the  hi;j;her  of  the  two  of  that  day ;' 
when,  on  the  contrary,  she  has  sun/fi  declination,  it  will  be  the  lower  of  the  two. 
The  same  rule  was  found  from  tin-  Uensselaer  lIarl)or  tides.  For  tlu'  low  waters 
the  rule  cannot  cou\('niently  be  stated  in  this  for^i  owin;;  to  a  renniikalih"  circum- 
stance, namely,  the  siiiinl/iniKuis  occurrence  of  mi  ine(pndity  in  the  /iii//i  waters  with 
j/ridfisf  inequality  in  the  Imr  waters,  and  conse(piently  also  the  occurrence  of  the 
;,'reatest  liijili  water  ine(pndity  with  no  inequality  in  the  low  waters ;  this  is  ^ery 
jilainly  sliown  in  t'he  diagrams  on  Plate  I.  This  sinifular  feature  has  heretofore,  as 
far  as  known  to  me,  not  been  found  for  any  station  on  the  Atlantic,  or  depeudiuff 
on  this  ocean  for  its  tides ;  but  it  was  detected  in  ruf,'et  Sound  on  tlie  Pacific, 
which  the  reader  will  find  noticed  in  the  rei>orts  of  the  .Su]>erintendent  of  the  V.  S. 
Coast  Survi'y  for  the  year  iM.")!)  (p.  144),  and  in  three  sul)se(iuent  reports.  The 
rule,  however,  which  apjdies  thert;  to  tlu;  heii,dit  of  hinh  water  ajiplies  at  Port 
l'"ouIl\e  to  the  low  water,  and  vic(>  versa. 

'J"he  ajiparent  retard  of  the  hijjh  water  e|toch  is  as  follows: — 

liiHc|ii;iIity  v.iiiislins.  InliTval. 

'l.','  (I'    I'.  M.  1'  1-J" 

T  i;  I'.  .M.  1  r.i 

iil    c,    I>.  M.  :>    1  I 

ii;  4    I".  M.       I        I     ',( 
:iii   i;    1'.  .M.        I        :i    11 

On  the  av(>rn<i;e,  tlu'refore,  the  diurnal  ine([uality  in  tlie  heiii;ht  of  hiyh  waters  dis- 
appears l.i)  day  after  the  nuxiu's  ])assa^'e  over  the  e(]Uator;  tiie  correspoinliui^ 
([uantity  at  Van  Uensselaer  Harbor  was  l.(i  day. 


C's  ilt'oliii.ition  7.firo. 
ISCII.      Nov,    -2-2\      (*'■  .A.  M. 
Dc.'.      ."),      II     I'.   M. 

"     r.t,      ;  .\.  M. 

lsi;i.    jiiMc  1.".,      ■;    A.  .M. 

"      'Js,       7    A.  M. 


'  This  rnto  (lr]i('nils  iilso  on  Hip  ]iiirti('u)nr  tr.niifjit  (jf  tlio  iiuidii  lirsl  fixcil  ii|it)ii  to  cntiiM'ct  with  the 
tide,  iuid  llic  (K'sinil)ility  of  cxtciKliiiir  tlio  cstiiMisliirirnl  licvdinl  twclvi'  liniirs  ;  llius  llic  nili'fdi'  liiirli 
water,  (rivi'ii  by  the  Ucv.  W.  Wlicwcl!  fni'  iiiir  All:ilMic  nr.xA  (Clli  Si'l'ics  of  Tidal  lirsi'iU'clics,  I'liil. 
TniMS.  Is;',!',)  will  lir  rniind  tlif  opiMisilc  (jf  tliiit  L'^ivcii  in  onr  1'.  S.  ("oast  Siii'vcy  l!r|jorts  loi'  tin; 
I'acilic  ciiasl  of  tlio  I'liilcil  SlaU's.      I'ui't  FiMilkc  I'ulldws  the  rule  (if  the  latter. 


T  1  i>  A  I,  II  i;  >  i:  i:\  \  t  i  o  \  s 


'I'lic  iiiipiii'i'iit  ri'tiird  dl'  till'  low  wiitrr  cpodi  i-.  a-  loll. 


iws  :-- 


<r-f  .l.-rlilKlli. 


INCI. 


■  v,  -JJ',  u'  A  \I 

■•:  :<.  II  I'  \| 

III'  I.  II  A.  W 

■■  \:>.  ;  A  M 

"  -JS  7  A  M 


liii"|U:ilitv  v.ii.i-lMi. 

Iiiv.      I'  i:  !•    M. 

■•     ir.  II  A    \1 

.Iiiiii'  II  I  A    \| 

•■      J I  II  A    M 


(,liiU 


H  A    M    > 


III    i; 


!iil.  rval. 

■.I'    1^" 


III         I 


In      I  I 


On  tli(>  iivrva^'c.  tlicrri'orc.  the  ilinriiiil  iiiciinnlity  in  tlir  lui^hl  nt'  Inw  watrv 
ilisii|)])(';n's  !),N  (lii\s  iit'trr  till'  11111011"-.  pa-^siiifr  (i\rr  till'  ii|ilalor. 

'rilis  (lirt'cvclicr  ill  till'  r|i(irli  of  tllr  iliri|llalit V  ill  tlii'  llrJLrlit  ot'  ImltIi  ami  lov\  Wati  r. 
iiiiioiiutini;  to  7.i)  days,  is  sifj:iiificaiit,  \\  ith  roiicct  to  tin'  ntanl  ur  irniaik.  l'iih'- 
rally,  fur  tidal  \va\rs  that  tlirir  iiMillatiinis  arc  aii;:'iii(iitid  1>\  llu'  (ontiniiril  ariioii. 
ill  tlic  same  direct  ion.  (it'thr  fon-r  lia\iiiLr  tlir  ^aiiu'  iiit('i'\als  as  tlni--r  i)-.iillatioii>;  tin  \ 
■will,  tlicrcfovc.  yo  1)11  iiici'i'a>iii^  i'or  a  ciin^iili'valilc  tinir  al'trr  tlir  t'ovci"-  lia\c  :joiir 


(Hi 


on  (limiiiisiiiii'' ; 


liiTc  till'  ri'tard  is  due  to  an  aiiiiiiinlali'd  cjirit.    It  i>  iilaiu  that  tl 


cxplauatiou  ciUiiiDt  ajiply  to  thr  rpocli  ot'thi'  diiinial  \\a\i' whii  li  shows  an  1  ihk  li 
dift'ercnci'  of  iicavlv  ciyht  davs  tor  lii:;li  and  lo 


liai 


atcr.  liiit  iniist    lir   thr   ilt'i  1  t   ot' 


inhr/tirnce  of  the  diiiviial   and   srnii-diiinial  \\a\i'.     'Ihr   siiliint  ot'  si'jiafatioii  ot' 
tlu'Sf  two  waves  will  lie  tal\iii  iiji  and  analyzed  I'livtlier  uii. 

l'>y  means  of  the  diairranis  uu  I'late  1  we  tind  the  iiia\iiiimii  vaiiLTe  nl'ilu'  diurnal 
iiK'Huality  in  height  for  hio-li  water  to  he  :!.s  t'eet.  ilrtiriniiied  i'roni  live  <a--es.  eai  li 
f^iviiii^  the  same  aiiiouiit.      l''or  the  low  water  diurnal   ine(|ualit\  ran;,'e   the   xahn's 


ire  more  varialile;  thev  are  \?.(l. 


Hid  ■,'.(!  lect.  on  the  aM'l'aL 


I    I'ert. 


The  last  three  values  helonn'  to  the  snininer  series,  and  are  |irolialily  att'ectrd  liy  tin 
solar  iictioii.  The  \  ariatimis  in  the  inooirs  parallax  also  aifeet  (he  diurnal  iiripialiiv . 
iiiul  there  are  indications  of  an  increase  for  a  lari;er  parallax:  mir  series,  howcscr. 
arc  ton  short  to  jmvsiie  this  suhject  any   fuither. 

Accordiiii;  to  Sir  J.  I.nhhock  (I'liil.  'I'raiis.  Is:!";)  the  lunar  imrtion  of  the  diurnal 
iiic(|iuility  can  lie  represented  hy 

(//( :^  ('sill  '2')'  for  the  llei^;'hts.  and  1/., 


(;  1,(11  y 


1  +•  A 


tor  the  tune 


11  I.I  .'  /) 


In  these  exiiressions  tlu^  value  of  iV  must  he  taken  for  an  anterior  date,  which  I'or 
the  Iiiiii  water  liciii'ht  iiiei|ualit\  in  our  case  is  two  days.  l)i\  idinir  the  iulervaN 
lietwecn  the  iiiooii's  zero  declination  in  six  ei|ual  parts,  and  ineasiiriiiLr  h'l-  1  aeh  the 
(irdiiiate  of  the  iiieiiiiality  and  taiiiilatiiii,'  the  correspoiidiii;,'  declinations,  without 
re"'ar(l  to  si'm,  we  ohtaiii  the  fullowinir  results  for  the  ineipialitv  in  lieiudit  of  hiudi 


iter  from  the  two  serie: 


Macli  \aliii'  is  the  result  of  ti\e  seiiarate  iiiea>iiri'>.  and 


the  computed  \alue  is  derived  from  the  ('X])ression  il/i        1.(1 


>\', 


12 

25 
22 
12 


OksurVL-.l  iM 
U".0 
1.8 
3.2 

1.8 
o.n 


Ci.iui.iit.Ml  .//. 
(I'M) 
1.9 

:{.2 


l.!t 
0.(1 


Thr>   inequalitv  in  the  heii,dits  of  low  water  cannot   he  expressed  in   this  nianmr. 
as  the  more  complex  tii;nre  on  I'late  1  sutlicieiitly  indicates. 


I  r>H 


i:  I'co  i;  |)   \  N  i>  i;  i:sr  i/is  oi' 


|:M 


'I'liiil  l(i\v  w.itcf  \\lii(  1)  (ulidUN  tlic  iiKMiirs  Mpiicr  tiMii^it  (alMiiit  H  liciir^)  w  lu^ii 
>lic  I  ins  111  lit  ll  (Ircliliatinll  is  tll"  luurr  uf  llir  two,  |)ln\  iilrd  it  llll])|tl'lis  ten  (hn^  llt'trr 
till'  zcni  (icciiiiatioii ;  it"  lirt'in'c,  it  is  the  lii:;lirr  of  that  day.  A  similai'  rrsti-irtimi, 
uftwo  tiiiys  only,  iipiilirs  to  tlic  nilo  lor  tlir  iiii;iirst  lii^li  water. 

hiiiniid  Jini/iiiiUfi/  ill.  Tiiiii. — 'i'lic  iiiciiiiality  in  time  is  lust  cxliihitnl  li\  nnans 
ot' ilia;,'ranis,  the  ultscissii'  of  wliirli  iut  tlir  tiiiiis  of  lii;;li  or  low  wiitrr.  and  tlic  onli- 
ni'tcs  till!  rovvcsiiondin;,'  lunitidal  intrrvals,  liotli  taKrn  from  'I'alilr  11.  l.iniitidal 
intervals  from  tiic  uiijiir  transits  are  indicated  hy  dots ;  intervals  from  tlic  lower 
transits  liy  small  circles.  'ri;e  oliserxations  of  the  winter  series  proMil  somewhat 
too  roiitih  for  the  ehicidation  of  tiiis  inequality — tliey  were  'aken  e\ery  half  hinir; 
the  diurnal  inequality,  nevertheless,  is  siifiicientiy  indicated  to  make  out  its  i,'cneral 
law.  1  shall  heri'  conline  this  in\('sti),'atiou  to  the  second  series,  for  which  we  luivc; 
ohserviitions  evi'ry  ten  minutes ;  th(>  results  arc  '/iwn  on  I'late  11  for  hij,di  water 
and  low  water  separately.  The  ineipiality,  i)ro]»cr,  is  sjiown  miderneatli.  where  the 
middle  line  l)etween  the  full  and  hroKeu  curves  of  ine(|uality  is  straiL,ditened  out 
and  forms  the  axis  of  aliscissic,  upon  which  the  time  inequalities,  as  ordimitcs,  Inivc 
heen  ]ilotted.  I''roiii  tliese  curves  we  find  the  retard  of  the  time  inequality  for  hiirh 
water  from  tlirec  intersections  with  the  ii.xis  ('([ual  11.0  days,  and  that  of  low  water 
eiinal  ■,'.',' days.  A  comi)arison  uf  these  tiiiie-cnr\es  of  I'late  11  witli  the  liei^dit- 
curves  of  I'late  1,  indicates  a  strong  similarity  iu  character  between  the  lull/fit 
inequality  of /(////(  water  and  the  /Inir  inequality  of  /nn'  w;iter;  for  tlicM'  curves  the 
a\erai;'e  epoch  is  two  days,  and  the  alternation  eicli  semi-lunation  of  tlie  sii^ns  di- 
full  enr\('s  ((//fz/v  and  IkIuh-  the  axis  correspond;  a  similar  correspondence  ot'  epucli. 
wliich  is  on  tlie  average  10.4  days,  ami  of  alternation  of  tlie  si^ns  exists  in  the  time 
inequality  of  liij^li  vvater  and  the  heii;ht  inequality  of  low  water.  This  is  not  an 
accidental  relation,  hut  has  lieen  recou:ni/ed  at  otiier  stulions,  tlie  tirst  and  cmispi- 
cnons  notice  of  it  1  find  in  the  1'.  S.  Coast  Survey  Heport  for  ls."»l>.  ]i.  *i;(  in  the 
tidal  discussion  hy  A.  1).  ISaclie,  Siqierintendent,  of  Uincon  I'oint,  San  Vrancisco, 
( 'alifornia. 

The  greatest  ran!j;(>  of  llu'  tinn-  ineiinality  i>  for  tlie  liiji  vvaters  l(i"',  and  I'or  tlie 
low  waters  .")S''',  the  first  from  two,  the  last  from  three  diterminalions. 

Uespectinir  the  relative  maf^initude  of  the  ineipialit}  we  have,  on  the  one  hand, 
the  siiiii/li  r  time  and  ifnutir  heij^ht  inc([uality  in  hiij;h  water,  and  on  tln'  other,  the 
i/nii/i  r  time  and  niinillir  height  inequality  In  low  water. 

A  similar  relation  of  magnitudes  occurs  at  Uincon  I'oint,  Imt  it  is  the  reverse  ot' 
that  just  stated,  in  coidormii\  with  tlu;  more  prominent  development  of  the  diurnal 


meipiality  m 


liti 


V 
the  heiylit  of  low  waters  in  San  I'ranciseo  IJav. 


The  interval  of  that  high  water  which  follows  the  moon's  np])er  transit  (ahout  11 
hours)  when  she  has  north  declination  will  be  the  smaller  one.  ]iroviiled  it  liajipetis 


11  li: 


ifter  the  moon's  zero  declinat 


ion : 


if  before,  it  will  be  the  tireater  of  the  twiF 


of  that  day.  The  interval  of  that  low  water  wliii  h  follows  the  moon's  iqiper  transit 
(about  17  hours)  when  she  has  north  declination  will  be  the  greater  of  the  two  ]ire# 
viili'd  it  haniieiis  two  davs  after  the  moon's   zero  declination;   if  liefore,  it  -will   be 


(lie  earlii'r  oiu 


Th 


reverse  takes  ji 


ilace  for  SOI 


ith  (1( 


eliiiation,  or  tor  lower  triUisii 


The  time-inequality  of  the  low  water  of  the  second  series  can  be  re])resented  well 


11  !'  \  I.  m;  - 1:  i;  \  \  i  i  u  .\ 


1.'.!» 


'nnl|;^ll    li\    III!     iiliiil'i 


i\liii;iti'  Inniiula  i/_         111','  hill  iV.  the  di 


;lntiiili   (i|    llii     iiiiMiii 


licill''  lllkrll    liil'  :ilJ   illll.  lidT  I  |iii(  li   111'    t\\(.  il; 


111,-,. IV... 1  ,/l 


(•.MI.lH,t,..|,/i 


IJ 


IS 


II 

Is 
to 


0 


lie  rlir\('   tlill^  (■(ilii|illlr(l   1-   l('jin'.-ilili  il  im 


I'l:,   r   II 


iltnlii  (Im 


ri'iiii.     ( 'v\- 


ITsliolidili;,'  til  llli>  curve  the   1  Mill  ('111  (li,it;r;ilil  i  if  I  Mill  r    I   ^lii  i\\  s  1  In  ■  i  i  i|n|  iill  i  i|   Ik  iulil 

iiii'i|U;ilil\   I'lir  liiLili  wiitrv. 


,S'/  till I'lili 


if  I  III     I  iill  I'lllll    llllil    Si  lll'l-l  I'lll  I'liill     11'. 


■[\ 


II'  niiii|iiim,il  \\  ,n  I    :ii  1  ih 


iiliy  (ilwri'\c(l  (•(iiisi>t>  lit'  till'  (liunial  \\;i\r.  in  wliirli  llir  iiiinii;il  ill!  i|iuilil}  i--  ilui  . 
and  (if  tlir  ordinary  si'iiii-iliui'iiaj  \va\c  wliiih  |iiiiiliirrs  \\\i-  nnlin.irx  lidr^.  I'l.i'  a 
coliiiiicti'  study  nf  tlii'M'  \\a\i"<  it   i^  iir(i'--ar\   in  h  iliilii  in  tin  ir  M'liaralr  jniin-. 

'I'iic  inanmr  in  wlii'li  tlii^  si'iiiratiini  will    \»-  illicti  d  i^  llie  saini'  a.-  lliat  riinilny  d 


tlic  V.  S,  Coast  .Survey;  it  ^vas  ori^'inally  iiroimsi  d  li\   .\--i-tanl  I..  1-.  I'oniialt-, 
cliary'c  of  the  tidal  pai'ty.  nliout  tin'  year  1."^.").").'  ami   lia>  lakm   lln     pi  in-  nf  tin 


iron  V,  III 


nmrc   lahorious   anahlical    jivocrss   jn'rviouslv    iini>lo\rd;    llm   ^^a'ajilin  al 

Mr.  ^^'in'\V('l^s  was  ainilicd  onl_\  to  o!i-.i.i\id  lii^h  and  Inw  w  aii  i^.  ami  (  on-i  ipa  iitiy 


''a\('  lint  few  iioints  of  the  diurnal 


Sorirs  1  1  till    |iiL;'ll  and  low   watii-^alour 


werr  ol)>cr\id.  which  ri'iidcrs  il  (|nili'  un-nilalilo  tor  llir  iini'iio--|.  oi  .-t'liaraiion.  I 
was  ihcrcforc  ohliycd  to  srlni  ihr  l('a>t  i'ltcrrniii.il  iiorlinii  of  llir  hall'-hninlv  nli..i  r- 
\ations  of  Scries  1.  The  coni|iouml  (ohscrved)  wave,  ami  iN  two  coni|ioni  nl  waves 
from  Novendier ','1  to  Dccenilier  II.  I  Mill,  are  shown  on  I'laie  111.     'I'lie  ;:ra|iliii  a! 


ilted  and  a  1 


1. 1 1  111'' 


liroccss  of  separation  is  as  follows ;    After  the  oliservatioii-  .are  \A 

is   taken,  the  tr.iccd    curves   are   shifted    in   e|inili    1','  liniii-s   •>\   minutes   /;,,•//•/-,,/, 


\>iien  a  nu'au  curve  is  |ii'ickeil  ott  e\: 


■\\\  III  III-'  I II  the  oli>i  rved   and    traced  (iirvi 


the  same  jjroccss  is  re|)eatcd  after  the  |ia| 


ler  was  shifted   \1  honr^  'J  I  mum 


lies  /,„-/,- 


lit.  when  a   second   pricked   ( 


Its  tl 


•nr\e    Is   ohtained  ;   the   mean    y 


ked 


(  nrve   till  11 


reiircs(.nts  tlu'  scmi-dmrna 


1  wave.     To  olilain  the  diurnal  curve  wc  have  onlv  lo  lay 


itf  the  dilfereticcs  lietvvcen  the  oliM'rved  curve  and  the  seini-dinrn.d  curve.  'Ihe 
process  is  simplili.'d  liy  lilackim;-  the  under  surface  of  the  tracini:'  pajier  with  a  had 
pencil  and  running'  in  with  a  I'ree  hand  the  intermediate  curve  hy  the  iires-nre  ol  a 
steel  jioiiit  ■which  leaves  a  siiflici(.nt  mark  on  the  iiajier;  the  nver.ii^e  ol  the  two 
irves  thus  traced  y-ives  the  semi-diurnal  wave  in  (piite  an  e\pidi:iou-  manm  r. 
Nevertheless  the  discussion,  liv  s|.para|e  waves,  nf  allV  leiiLTthy  series  ot  ohservaliniis 
remains  a  lahorious  tas|. 
jilane  of  reference  or  /ero  i(>\' 


CI 


Oil  riate  111   the  olis(.rved  heii,dits.  reduced  to  tin-  same 
•1.  are  shown  hv  dots,  and  conmcled   hv  a  lull    line; 


some  omissions  m 


the    olis(.rvalions  are  supplied    hy  dots  ;    the    avera-e    jrvil    II  ads 
Ki.'i  feet.      'I'he  semi-diurnal  wave  is  shown  hv  a  curve  ot'  da-la  s.  ami    tin    ilinrnal 


ec  liiv  (li-riis>aon  o 


f  till.  Villi   l!('iiv-ilii.i'   liiirlMii'  li>l.-,  |i.  7s,  uh.iv  till    iiirili...!  i-  lir-l   i' 


ili- 


IMiiil,  liy  ])cniii--i r  A.  Ir  Itarhi.,  Sii|M.ni 


icmlriil  r,  S.  CiiaM  Siirvry 


sill  S..|-ir~  .pf  lti.>..ar 


■hr.-  of  Tall-       I'hil    'I'l-.iiiv    1- 


w 


.1 '! 


1        ^         ',     :AK% 


Kill 


i;  i.'cn  i;  n  A  N  1 1  i:  i:s  v  i,is  o  \ 


\s:\\f  \i\   ;i   lull  liiii'  nill^tnictrd  mcr  tlic  ii\cv;i;jc  level  le,  im  ;i\i>  111'  iilpsrisMi',      'I'lic 
(•(illll)iliiiliiili    111'    the    twii    (  (illl|iOllellt,  \\;i\es   will    ^||ll\\     the    l'e;illire^    (if    the    ililini;il 

iiie(|iiality  ;   lliu-,  tlii'  ii|i|i(r  ol'  the  two  iiniiexed  iliiinriiiiis 
exliiliits  the  positiiiii  of  the  seiiii-diiinial  wa\t'  on  No\eiii- 
lief  ;il),  when  the  iiie(piiility  in  the  licif^'iit  ot"  liiyli  niiti  r 
is  i/riiil,s>,  and  when  tlie  low  waters  show  no  iiit     .ality 
siiKc  tliey  are  affected  alike.    Oil  tile  contrary,  tlic  lower 
iii,'nre  exhihts  the  j)o>ition  on    Deceinher  n,  when  tlnrc 
is  iKi  inei|nality   in  tlu!  lii,i,'li  waters,  and  the   ^'reatol 
iiiei|nalily  in  the  lieiijht  of  low  water.     In  the  njnier 
ca^e  tile  inaxiiiiiiin  unlinates  or  the  liij,'li  waters  of  tin; 
two  waves  coincide;  in  the  lower  case  tliey  are  ointosed, 
or  the  liii,di  water  of  tlie  diurnal  wave  coincides  with  tlie 
low  water  of  the  seini-diiirnal.     As  tlie  semi-dinrnal  wave 
jiniijvesses  or  f;aiiis  on  the  tliiirnal  all  possihle  variations 
are  ji»\it'  throni,di  succi^ssively.      I'or  the  upper  diaf^rain 
the  /li/ii  of  the  lir^t  low  water  w  ill  he  earlier  or  its  luni- 
tidal  iiiter\al  shorter,  and  the  time  of  the  second  low- 
water  will    he   later,  i)Y  its  Iniii-tidal    interval  will    lie 
j;reater;  the  time  of  the  interiiiediate  liiith  water  will 
not  he  affected.     For  the  lower  dia<j;rain  the  time  of  the 
first  hiyh  water  will  he   later,  and  that  oi  the  second 
earlier;   the  interval  of  occurrence  hetweeii  these  hi^di 
waters  will  therefore  be  considerahly   shortened.     'I'he 
time  of  the  intermediate  low  water  will  not  he  affected. 
The  avcra^'e  ran;;e  of  the  diurnal  tide  for  the  period 
represented  on  Plat(>  TTI  is  about  three  feet,  and  for  the  semi-dinrnal  about  seven 
feet,  the  f,Miatest  and  h-ast  vaii!,'es  for  these  waves  are  four  feet  and  two  feet  nearly 
fur  the  first,  and  ten  feet  ami  fonr  feet  nearly  for  the  last.     The  diurnal  wave  '^v.i- 
diially  increases  iu  sii;o  from  the  time  of  the  moon's  zero  declination  to  the  time  of 
its  maximum  declination,  as  shown  on  the  I'late. 

The  epoch  of  the  diurnal  wave  appears  to  remain  sensibly  the  same  duriiif;  the 
twenty  days  for  which  it  has  been  brou^dit  out ;  that  is  to  say,  its  high  water  appears 
to  occur  at  noon,  and  consetjueiitly  its  low  water  at  midniji;lit ;  the  variations  from 
these  hours  are  confined  within  an  hour  before  or  after.  The  Van  llensselaer 
Harbor  tides  afforded  but  a  bare  jilimpse  at  the  diurnal  tide;  which  occurred  between 
October  'M)  and  November  '2'2,  l.s.jij,  there  also  its  hi!j;li  water  ajipeared  to  han;^ 
about  the  hours  two  or  thre(>  after  noon,  and  its  low  water  the  same  number  of 
hours  af"ter  midniirht;  but  ;is  theory  jioints  out  a  different  relation  than  that  of  solar 
time,  ('//'/  ciiiiiiitjiii  iithi  o  (/riuJitid  kIoii:  f.7il/li/it/  fr<iin  tin'  .sa/itr  fi<iiir>i,  and  as  our  series 
is  too  short  to  show  its  conformity  or  non-conformity  therewith,  we  an,'  comiielled 
to  leave  this  interestini^  liraiich  of  the  discussion. 

Owiuff  to  th(>  variation  in  the  e])och  of  the  diurnal  wave,  its  rati'  of  pro<,'ress  from 
Tort  I'onlke  to  Xnu  llensselaer  Harbor  cannot  he  made  out  directly,  since  tin; 
observations  were    not    conteiii[ioraneous,  althonyh    future    observations    at  some 


T  I  I'  \  r    H  i:  -  r  i;  \    \  T  I  (I  \ 


KM 


M.iiilnni  |iiiiiii  i,(  I'l.illi'i  li,i_\  wdiilil  jiriilpiililj  iiiililr   ii>  tu  tr.iir  it>  (iiiu'm'  iinrili- 

\\;l|ll>    lli|llll.;ll    lIllN    (  lllllIK  1 

liirix/ii/il/inii  nj  lie  l-'iii'lii  iij'  III'  Ti'l'  W'lli:^. — 'I'lir  Ciiiniii  )||llil  ili;ir;|l  ti  r  nt'lllr 
\\;iVi'  r((|llins  ;i  sr|(:il;iti'  illVtsti'4-:iI  inli  iil'  |||r  r.ii|ll>  i>\'  tlir  illllllial  iiliil  nl'  tlir  Miiii- 
(liniinl   \MI\r.        We   li;i\i'  Men    tl|;it    I  he  llilll'lhll   \\.i\r  IIIhIi  r^ni  >  ^llialli  r  tllli  tlliil 


of  raiti^'c  tliim  the  >('iiii-iliiu'ii;il.  in  \\lii(li  lui 


Irr  ilir  siniiiu'  and   iira|)  liil 


ImIU 


i-i  »    tin 


lunial 


(Icxcldpcil.  'I'o  obtain  till'  avcrairi'  ^Itipi'  of  tin  -i  \\a\c  v  tin  tiiiK'  Ik  iwc  i  n  |\ 
cosivc  low  water-- was  (li\i(!('il  in  si\  i'({nal  put^.  I'or  ra(  li  of  tin  >i  |i|i 
oi'diinitrs  Wire  ima^uiid  from  tlir  low  witrp  I.mI,  I  he  mdiuiic  >  of  'Jit  i| 
waves  ami  of  '-^^  corroiionilinL.'  Mnii-iliurnal  wa\i'N.  wrvt-  tlin>  a-(  i  itaimd  ami  tlnir 
mean  values  taken.  .\|>|il\inu:  to  tlieM'  nieaNUics  lie  sm  !'>  riii  niar  fumtion'  the 
axcra^e  foriu'^  of  tlieM'  \\a\i-.  iVom  twtiiiv  ila\>  of  oli^t  rv  ;uion.  are  uIm  ii  U\  \\tr 


follow  inu'  exin'osions  :  — 
I'or  tlie  ilinrnal  wave 


i"..')0  +  i.oi;  .-i„  ( I  -(-  ■>',{*')  •(  0.(1 


S.  s/„   c" 


t-  l: 


ir  the  ^enM-(hnnlal  wave 


TI 


le  oliserved  aial  eonninted   \;dne>  a'Tee  a--  I'oIIoUn;  — 


llilllll.ll    W.IV.'. 

Si'liii  >li'lrli,tl  \v  !'.■■ 

OI,.,.|v...|. 

(■olll|Hll>-l. 

hiiiiTi'ii.i'. 

ol,-,.,v,.|. 

e.ihii'illi'  1. 

jlill.-l.'M.  .■. 

11'', (1 

0".ll 

(I"  II 

ll'   u 

_ll''   1            1 

+  11'  1 

II 11 

o.r) 

+  iM 

1  ',1 

+  •.'  -J 

—  M  :; 

•.',.) 

2.:) 

II  J 

t,  •_' 

fi;   1 

1  "  1 

:i  1 

:i.i 

II II 

7   1 

+  7  .-. 

—  II  1 

'J  ■' 

2.4 

.'i  ;; 

f.-.   L' 

;  (1  I 

II  7 

().(i 

-fill 

1  7 

+  1  s 

—  n   1 

II, II 

u.o 

II  II 

n  II 

—II 1 

~f  "   1 

In  tlie  alinve  e\|ire-.>ions  tlie  ani:le  II  eoiint'-  iVom  low  wati  r  (H)  to  the  fnlldw  inf- 
low water  (:!()(•  ).  for  the  tir-<t  wave  it  |ia->es  throuudi  it>  values  in  a  dav  nearlv.  tor 
the  second  in  twelve  liniar  hours;  the  ordinates  are  e\]iresMd  in  feet.  'I'lie  diurnal 
irs  to  he  nearly  svinnietrical,  hut  the  jirei  i  din:;  slope  of  ihr  sinn'-diiirn:il 


curve  apiiea 


wave  ajipears  steeper  than  the  follow  in^-  slo]>e;  the  ditferemc.  however,  is  .slight. 

'I'lie  difference  in  the  estalili>hmenls  of  hiji  and  low  water  is  (!"  (I."»"'.7.  whii  h 
represents  the  duration  of  _/i(//.  the  duration  n['  ,!■"  cou--i  iimntlv  is  (!''  ls'".7;  the 
rise  occn\)i('s  tlierefon!  more  time  than  the  fall;   the  dili'erence  i^   1:!'.      .\t  \'an 


lleusselaer  JItirhor  this  ditferenee  w; 


l")'',  the  water  aNo   ri^iuLr   longer.-     'Ihi^ 


:il)pears  to  he  the  vide  for  all  localities  which  receive  the  direct  ocean  tide  wave; 
the  form  of  the  wave,  however,  chanircs  when  aMeiidinu'  a  -.hullnir  hay  or  a  ri\er. 
and  reverses  the  duration  of  the  tide,  niaklnt:  the  riM>  the  shorter. 


'  I)fvi'lii|iiiii'iit  111'  IJiv-scf-:  fiiiirliciii  fcii'lliL'  cll'i'ct  of  iiuriuiiic' 
for  lS(i:2.  .\|i|i(iMli.\  N'l 


fori,'i's,  do  ,  r.  S.  (,'(i;i,»t  .^iirviv  liciiurt, 


"   In  till'  (lisriis^i r  llif  \':ili  l!.'ii--i'hi.i-  Ihirli.ir  \h\i-~.  p,  su.  llir  i-.'Vit-i'  i-  iii;iiiviTliMilly  sliili'd 


m  AURUHt,  1HU5. 


KiJ 


i:  i:c(m;  d    \  \  n  i;  r-  i  i/is  (» i' 


t 


il 


j 


I 


I  .!■ 


W|!! 


/',■•  i/r,  -s  I,/  //„     7',<A    Ihr'niijli  I'njjid    //"//. —  In    lili'  lollnw  in;,'  l:ili|r    |    IiuM'  (i.lltilnl 

all  till'  tiiliil  int'oriiritinn  I  iiinlii  li'iil  r<  nj),'!  tin;;  t'>t;ilili«linii'nt  miil  iMiiijr  nt' st:itiiiii> 
(in  llir  west  cnii.st  nf  ( irrcnliimi,  I'nr  till'  |pMr|iti-c  nf  >lin\\iny:  tlu'  Miirtliii'ly  iiinpiiu' i- 
tifiii  (if  the  tide  wiixc  tlinm^fli  M.illin  lii_\.  'I'iii^  Idculity  is  \\(  U  suited  Inr  tolin',' 
till'  liiriii'rticiil  (li'dni  tidiis,  JH'ciii'din;:  tn  till'  tidiil  iIimhn  nt'  ciiniiN.  tlic  lia\  In  in:: 
sntlii  initl)  rrtjiihir  and  iiri,'iral  lrni,'tli,  \>illi  ilir  I'lill  Ailanlir  tide  lliinun  into  il  ai 
its  sun! In  in  ( ml.  Its  tidrs  >\  ill  tin  irluir  \>r  lit'  a  di  i'i\atiM'  ( liaractrr  i  liirtiv,  sinr  r 
iin_\  (iprcrd  tidr  |iriidniril  in  it  nni--t  lir.  i  iiin|>iiratiM  1_\  m  rj  small,  and  wnidd  |irii- 
ducc  waMs    (if   an    nndidati)!  \    ( liaia(  trr.       I'd'    this    ]>iir|in>i'    it   wnidd    In'    \'\\ 

dcsiraMc  tn  nlitaill  sunir  sits  nl'   nnr\(  r|ltiiinal)li'  tidal  nliscrxatinns'   nU    Imllt    sliiiri'> 

(•!'  llir  liay.  (•a(  li  cxtciidin;,'  (i\i  r  at  least  tun  Innatinns, 


|jiiii.'itii>l.' 

\\\iiU  U':il<  r 

111-  .•! 

I'l  I'.I II 

\y>'A  111' 

liinill'lal 

T.ii.nllty. 

Ulltii.l,.. 

Itl'i'l'hWii  II 

iiilt'tval 
!■'.  .111.1  C, 

*|>lllH,' 

IIIMIII 
l|.|l'4. 

Aiilliiitity  nr  rMfiTi'iiii'. 

.Illliull^llllllll, 

(1(1^  :!.v 

ti;'  (i:i' 

r.''  i;'" 

7" 

.■l" 

»   lll'ili>li  .\iliiiiriillv  TiiU'  'I'lililr- 

I'lTili  rirk-luiilll. 

(;;>    no 

.M»     (i.'i 

r,    ;! 

\1\ 

'•'1 

1       lor  {sc.'i. 

llnl-llilllMirL', 

lai    'ill 

w:,    iL> 

i;  ;;ii 

1(1 

('ii|il.  liiuli'lli'M,  Is.-,:t. 

WliMlcli-l,  MuMiU. 

I'lS        ,'|i.l 

.-..l     1 :! 

><  l.'i 

7'. 



I'lii'i'vV  'I'liii'il  \'(ivii'.ii'. 

(iullllUN  II, 

i-.'.i    1 J 

."il!      -Js 

'.1    (HI 

-r 
1 .1 



.Mii|i,   ill    Niirriiiivi'   ul"   Kiinc's 

Fil'M    ViHiii;'!'. 

1'|ii'i'nii\  ik, 

7  J      17 

.-.i;    (i:i 

II     (III 

M 

_ 

C'ii|it.  IiilHi'IIi'I'I.  |s."i(. 

\\■|ll^ll■|ll|M||||    Sulllnl, 

7i'.    ;;:■ 

r.s    :,\\ 

II     (IS 

•\ 

•(■!) 

.M,'^.  rnriii-liiil  liv  llii'liili'  liyilru. 
^rii|ilii'i'  tn  1  III'  Ailiiiiriili^. 

purl  l''.,iilk('. 

7s       Is 

'■',    (III 

11     -Jl 

li'.i 

U  (1 

I»r,     llllVl's"   (»li-rl''.,     |si;i|     1,1 

N'liii  l!(ii>-i'lni'i'  ILir. 

7s     :;7 

711     a:; 

1  1     .-.J 

Ills 

1  '.1 

l»c.   Knur's  (»l,-ci'',-,   Is,-,;;   ;,|, 

'I'd  trace  the  ciitidal  lines  nr  tiie  lii;;li  water  rid^-es  (if  the  tidal  \\a\c,  as  it  pni- 
^ircsses.  it  is  prei'eralile,  fur  coiniiarisnii,  tn  nsc  lln'  mean  fur  the  aliii\e  Milijar  cstali- 
lishinent ;  10'"  wvxr  theretiU'e  suiitfacfed  I'l'iim  tlie  inter\al  at  full  and  chaii;,'!'.  'I'd 
covvecf  for  the  ninon's  miitiim  in  the  iiitev\al.  1'"  is  sulitracted  fur  e\eiy  hall'  liniir 
iif  inter\al;  adding;  the  west  l(iii;ritn(le  from  (ireenwiih  we  iihtain  llie  cuiresiinnil- 
ini'  ( ireen\\i(']i  time  or  tlie  eolidal  Imnr  and  miiinte. 


I.lMMlit.V. 

Mrrill 
l'.<t,'lMi>lMlli'llt. 

('cpiT.Tiiiin 
lur  C 

l.iiiiL'itirli*. 

Ci.li.l 
.iikI  1 

il  liiiiir 
liiiiUi'. 

•Inruiii^liMiili       ...... 

4''    .'iC,'" 

l^lll 

;;l.     ,|,m 

7 

al'" 

I''i'i'ili'rirk>liiiiilp 

:,      a.'i 

—  |L> 

;;       Jl) 

11 

(i! 

IJiiUii.iiiliiii'ir     .          .          .... 

i;    I'd 

—  i:; 

il            O.'l 

!l 

\-> 

\Vllllil'll-ll    l>lllll(Is,        .                             ... 

S       (l.'l 

— k; 

;i    ;;:; 

11 

.M 

(iiillhllVII    .            .             ..... 

S      .',(1 

—  IS 

;!    ;;  i 

11! 

UC 

rpi'i'iiiivik                         ... 

Id     ."ill 

■)•> 

:i     11 

1  1 

lu' 

Wiilstciiliiilni  Siiiiiiil .... 

1(1      as 

oo 

4    :!i; 

1.-. 

11' 

I'ui'l  Kiiiilki'      ...... 

11       II 

—'.':! 

4      .-p-J 

1.". 

4;; 

Van  Iti'ii-^i'linT  Ilarlinr    .... 

II     i:; 

.►;> 

4      4  1 

h: 

(II 

'  i^iiitalili'  liii'iilitii's  wuillil  III'  ('apr  l''ai'i'«i'll.  Caiiii  St.  I,r\vi>  in  i.alii'aildi',  Capi'  WaUiii'.'liaiii.  ami 
I'linils  .s^lniil.  Il  is  III  111'  ri'ii'i'rlli'il  lliat  im  liilal  ulKiTvaliiiiis  wri'i'  iiiailr  in  Kriimily  Cliaiinrl,  a- 
liy  iiiriuis  iif  tlii'-^i'   till'  iiiii'.^liiiii  III'  il.--  ii|M'ii  nl'  c'ln-ii|   i.liai'ai'tii',  tn  llir   iini  I  liwanl,  imilil   In'   |iiii'llv 

lUlSWI.'1'l.'ll. 


T  1 1'  A  I    •»  i;    I  i;  \   \  T  I 


lt;:l 


'I'llr*!'  I  lltlll.ll   lilH   ^.   w  llil  I 


I  i-iilllic(  t  nil  plai  I  -  li,i\  ili:.'  lii-li  \\  it<  I  ,||  III,    ,,iii|,    |(  iiiTli- 


wicli)  liiiir.  nil    liiiil  iluwn  ,,\,  tin    m  rniiipanx  in;;  ili:iit,       Hi,    ti<h 


\».l\i'    riili^liliii  > 


Ml)  mail)  1  iMJit  |i(,in>  in  ii,i\,!liiiy  (Vniii  t| 
Siiiiiid 


H     -iilltliclh   I  ;i|ii    mI'  (  iK  I  III, mil    to   >liillll 


All  rill/'  hijilh  iif  IUn-'i-<  Slrnil.  Iliijj'ni  I'n//.  nnd  Smllli  Slrnil. —  li\  tin  aii^  I'l  lli, 
]  in  •ml  i  Hi,'  col  id  111  liniiis  ami  the  kiinw  ii  il  islam  r--  of  tlir  Incalilii-  in  niiim  <  inm  w  iil, 
llir  tlirorrlical  (l('(Iticliiiii>  iif  All.  ( 11  I)  •• 'I'iilo  ami  \\aM'-,"\M'  liml  t||,.  n\i  lau'' 
ili'|itll  nf  llic  sea  aloili;  tlic  <liaillirl-\\  a\   as  IlIIhus:  — 

Davis  Strait.  Distaiirc  rmiii  Juliaiisliaali  In  \\  liahlisli  jslnnils  (isii  staiiilr  mills 
ii('ar!\  ;  (lillrn'Mcc  in  (otidal  hour  ;}'..").  lirucc  Mlnciiy  in  siatiilr  inilis  jut  Ijmiii  llM, 
and  coiri'si/omlinL;  di  pth  'JolO  i'ccl  or  ll'^  i'allioni^. 


'  Thr  ffi'iirviil  nitiilid  '■Iiiirt  i  !i  rinliil  liy  "SU.  M'licwrll,  iiii.rc  tlmri  lliirty  ynii's  iifru  (;iii,|  ri.|ir.i- 
rliirrd  in  till'  iis1r,iniiiniT  niyiil's  cssiv,  " 'I'iilis  ninl  \\'iivr-"),  ;  very  ,|,'r,,,'iiv,' i,,  ih,.  cn-ium'il  r.C 
Xi'W  FiiiiMilliiiiil.  IIS  will  iippciir  ill  iilti'iii|iliiii;'  \'>  Jnin  ■.iir  r"iii|al  -  uiili  ii  ;    ii  j-  i|ii!   i.,  i|,.>  ininj 

lu'U'iri  I  III'  Uk'  liuuti'liii  rttunliii;.''  liilliii'Mci.'  i/l'    '.,v  /<»///..,  nl'  Nin         .nilliiinl 


Ifit 


i;  i:foi;  i>  .\  N  i»  r.  Ksi'  i/ps. 


liiilliii  l>iiy.  Distance  IVdiii  W'lmlclish  Isliinds  to  I'm-t  iMiiilkc  170  stiitiitr  iiiilrs 
iiriirly;  (liit'crcncc  ill  colidal  iiuiir  1'. :>•");  liciicc  velocity  in  .statute  miles  [ler  iiuiii' 
177,  ami  corresiioiKliiii,'  deplli  "JO!).")  i'cct.  or  oH)  i'atlioiiis. 

Siiiitii  Strait.  Distance  from  I'ort  i''oiillve  to  \'an  Rens.elaer  Ilarhor  •")■")  statute 
miles;  (liflerence  in  cotidal  liour  O''.:}") ;  lieiic<' velocity  in  statnte  miles  jicr  lioiir 
1">7,  and  corresi)oudinjj:  dejitli  KWi:}  feet,  or  "277  fathoms. 

'I'lie  averaj^e  deptli,  accordiiii,'  to  the  alxu'e.  of  Davis  Strait  and  Italliii  liay  is, 
therefore,  altoiit  oS:)  fathoms,  tiii'  leiii;tli  oi'  the  free  tide  \va\c  nearly  "Jodd  statnti? 
miles,  with  a  heif;ht  l)et\veeii  trou:,di  and  cr<'st  of  ahoid  7i  feet. 

'I'he  a\cra,i;e  depth,  as  foinid  from  the  velocity  of  the  ti(l<'  wave,  apiiears  to  accord 
well  with  the  few  sonndin^s  we  iioo.-jesij,  iiiid  the  iCoulL  I  ou.siik.i-  euLitled  to 
(onlideiici'. 


liSi', 


1   '! 


H  I  il  III 


mf 


'■■"■si    -.11,:,  t.  -  .11   I'.Mi   i-'.Hiiu.    \,.v.imI.  ,.  h.,.imIi  ir.i.n 


■s.\     .'I     -JT^      rti     ■;■:      jH     ■»*     Mi      r' 


s      '.I      in     M      ij      m      I',      i:.     ir.     k      ii<      iti 


i  " 

i    I    ' 

1 

fi 

n-  -  ■■  - 

;  1 

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^:.-1 

llli 

IIIIIIII..I      |M..lllv       II.      Ill    lolll 


il     t 


til!-' 


l\l\pi 


j^- 


\     i 


S.-.-nn.l    ^..li.':.    i<\'    l|,l.>    al     I'.Ml     I'.MilU^ 


"'    ;i       :i       lii     II       i-j       i:i      r,      i'.      in      c      i;i 


:!        .'.'       -•  t 


rrr^ttr  , 


aillHMl!-::J 


i    ,    T 


!■■  I  I ;  i 


mu 


■'    ■   I't'if    ! 


KiinM.iJ    il.i<|ii.ilitv    iL'l Iiiu'  o.il.'i. 


'.Hi,  ■ ! 

{-•k  i  ^ 

-    Y  i 

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t 

11  i 

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1 

I 


r  A  IJ  T    I  v. 


.MKTKiUinlJMiK  AL    OIISKKV  A  I  h)\s. 


(  I'"  ) 


im:((M!I)  \s\)  iir.sri/rs 


)ii:Ti:()i!()L(Miir.\i.  (ii;si;i!\  \ tiuns. 


iill! 


Tin:  fourtli  nml  lil^t  |i;irt  of  the  |ii;lili(  ;itiiiii  nf  tlir  ncunlN  jumI  iv>iilt-- hC  I)i'. 
Hayes' Arctic  I'Aiicditinii  nf  IsilOimd  iMil.  Ikii-w  iili  iPicsriitcil.  c(llllln•i^c^  imtc  (ir- 
oliiiry,  Jiiid  will  l)c  gisiii  iiiidcr  the  Milidi\  isioiis,  tciniicnituri',  iitiiiu^iiliL'i'ic  in'oMin', 
iiiid  wind. 

\\y  iiispcctiii;,'  the  ficiicral  tracl;  diiti't  and  the  special  havliov  chart  lA'  the  winter 
([iiavtei's,  illu>lratiiit;  Part  I.  or  tiie  a^tromiinii  id  vesidt--.  it  will  \n-  -ei n  th:ii  I'nvt 
]'i)ulke,  liititiidc^  TS°  lT'.(i  N.  and  l()u:,'itMde  7:5°  (lU'.O  \\  .  uf  (nv,  nu  i.  h.  ha-  a  live 
cxpiisiire  to  tile  westward  (true),  directly  I'acini,'  Smitli  Strait  and  nearly  ii|iiiii-ite 
Cape  Isidiella.  'llie  liarhor  is  dii  the  sonth  side  ot'  the  i  iitraiice  to  a  laii.fe  tinrd,  at 
tile  eastern  t<'rininns  of  which  is  situateil  .!,al\e  Alida,  wlii(  h  recei\(s  the  drainai,'e 
of  a  lari^e  glacier  naiiKd  li\  Dr.  liane  ••  linither  .ruhn's  ;,daiier."  'Ihi-  ;,'la(  ier  pm- 
trndes  into  the  np]ier  end  ol'  the  liord  and  loriiis  part  ot'  an  iimin  ii>e  mer  de  ijlace 
extendinic  tar  into  the  interior,  and  is  coiniected  with  the  irreat  Jlmidioidt  Lrlai  ier. 
Dr.  Ilay<'s  traxelled  ()\'er  tliis  ;,dacier.  in  an  easterly  direclioii.  I'm'  lil'ty-lhrer  miles. 

The  locality  may  he  said  to  he.  (■liinatolou'ically,  an  anomalous  om-,  a-  it  is  t'ulK 
under  the  iiumediate  iniiuence  of  the  upper  north  water  and  the  smaller  water  areas 
of  Smith  Strait.  'I'he  si'a,  here,  does  not  freeze  o\er  eiitifely  diiriiiLr  'he  winter,  hut 
presents  lari,n'  patches  of  open  water  which  exci'cisc  a  jiowcrfnl  iiithienci'  (]\(  r  the 
climate  of  this  rei,'ion.  j)r.  Hayes  remarked  that  dnrin;,'  the  winteript'  1  n(1((— ls(;i, 
the  open  sea  could  iilways  he  found  a  few  miles  fo  the  westward  of  his  andioraLre, 
I'he  conipariitivc  mildness  of  the  climate  makes  it  possijile  tor  the  l'.si|iiiinau\ 
to  reside  hahituallv  durin''  the  winter  in  this  hii,di  latitude,  and  tin'  \  i(  iiiitv  ef  the 


aliseni  at   \  an  Keiis 


■e|;i(  r 


jiort  ahonnds  with  animal  life  which  was  almost  entirely 
ilarhor,  but  ii  short  distance  to  the  uiu-thward  and  eastward.  This  eonirasi  in  the 
climate  cannot  he  better  illustrated  than  by  statin:,'  the  fiet  of  tin  teiii|;iT:itiiiv 
simultaneously  recorded  on  March  1^.  lit,  'JO.  -Jl.  ImW.  at  Port  i'onlki'  and  at 
Van  llciisseliier  Harbor,  then  re\isited  by  Dr.  Hayes,  at  the  former  place  it  was 
'2i°.'~t  and  the  latter  — oO^.T  as  observed  bv  him,  showing;-  a  d 


lllereuee  ol   no 


t   1. 


tlian  "2(1'  of  jj;reater  cohl  at  \'an  Rensselaer  Harbor. 

On  An;>-usi  -Jtith,  ISliO,  Capes  Ali'xander  and  Isabella  were  tirst  si;,di;ecl ;  on  S 
teniher  i)th,  at  .">  P.  ^I.,  the  vessel  was  s.ifely  moored  for  the  winter  at   Port   I  nid 

(    Ki'    ) 


Ids 


i;  \un  1!  n  A  N  i»  i:  i:s  r  (/rs  ov 


'e 


1  ■ 


■  i  I 


Siiiiili  Siniil  ;  tin  iiit(i\;il  1m  tuccii  tliisc  diitis  wiis  {(HInIiiik  d  in  the  ;ilt(in|it  of 
liciitiii^  ill  ;iim1  tliiciii;,'li  tlir  -triiil.  Dnriiii,'  this  iiitiTMil  tlic  cliiiiiitic  nliilioiix  wire 
Ml  iiciirly  tiic  Millie  :is  tlliiM'  lit.  I'mt  I'uiiikc  tliiit  \\i'  Illiiy  t(ili\(liirllliy  cnliiliiiiK c 
llic  nil  ti  oroluLjiciii  rccniii  with  S(  jitcinliir  1,  |s(iO,  'I'hi'  oliMTMitiuns  (Atciid  to 
.liilv  I  lili  (in  A.M.),  1^(11.  lit  uliicli  il.ilc  the  vrsscl  was  uiiiiUMPrcil  iiiiil  imlird 
nut  nl'  the  iiariiiir ;  cids^iiiu'  the  >t  I'll  it.  till'  mIkiiiik  r  aiiclidrfil  i'nr  si  m  ral  (la_\s  in  tin; 
\  i(  iliity  III'  Capr  l^ahrlla;  (ill  till)  JDtll  she  W as  iitt'  ( ialr  I'liilit  ;  anil  on  tllclHst 
sdiiir  slmrt  (li^taiirr  to  the  sniitliward  (if  Cadit^iaii  Inlet.  \\ C  niav.  tlien'rorc,  ((iiii- 
liiiie,  without  niiK  h  li^k  of  erinr.  the  ici  ordcd  olisei\ations  dminy:  the  hitter  Inilf  of 
•Inly  with  the  precediin,'  record,  and  thus  form  a  (■iiiitiniion>  iiiete(irol(i;,'i«iil  record 
for  I'ort  l''oiilke,  extending'  omt  eleven  months.  A  iiroiier  nieihod  of  interpolation 
will  elllllile  us  to  deduce  a  llleanxalne  for  each  niete(irolo;;i(  iil  eliiiient  for  the' 
twelfth  iiinnth,  and  the  annual  mean  \aliies  may  safely  lie  made  out. 

The  re-nlls  will  he  fuitlnr  illustrated  liy  coiiiparisoii  with  those  olitained  from 
Dr.  Kane's'  and  Sir  !•'.  I..  Mc(  liiitock's'  expeditious,  as  puhlished  hy  the  Smillisonian 
institution  in  is.")'!  and  i>i(l'J. 

'i'akini,'  the  refraction  into  consideration,  the  snu's  ujiper  limli  would,  in  the  lati- 
tude of  Port.  I'dulke.  iistroiioinically  disappear  after  ( )ctolier  "Jotli  noon,  and  napjiear 
at  noon  {•'eliriiary  1"),  thus  remiiiuiuy;  Ik  low  the  Imri/iai  for  11:!  (la\s.  or  nearly 
three  and  twn-tliird  nionlhs.  ( )\vin;r  to  the  sni'roiindini,'  elitl's  the  .suii  did  not  make 
its  ap|iearance  at  the  harbor  until  i'dirnary  Is. 

Ti:Mi'i;i;.\Tri;K 

The  espedition  was  sn])))lie(l  with  ahont  tvvo  do/eii  tliermomelers  of  diiferent 
Kinds,  graduated  accordiui;'  to  l'"alirenlieit"s  scale,  exceptinij  two,  which  were  di\  ided 
in  (leii'rees  of  lieaiimiir.  Some  were  spirit,  others  mercurial  thermometers ;  there 
was  also  one  metallic  thermometer.  Three  of  the  instruments  were  considered  of 
standard  excellence,  and  of  these  No.  ;>  was  selected  liy  Mr.  SoniitaL,'  as  the 
stnndard.  to  vvhich  accordingly  tlie  iudications  of  all  others  will  he  referred. 

Thermometers  Nds.  1,  •,',  ;i,  are  standard  instruments.  .NO.  :!  was  selected  as  the 
most  relialile.     (1  hey  are.  no  donht,  spirit  thermometers.) 

Nos.   I,  .").  ().  ordinary  thermometers  (snpj)osed  spirit  thermometers). 

Nos.  7,  il,  nu'rcnrial  thermometers. 

No-..  N,  10,  \'2,  \'->,  ordinary  thermonu'ters. 

M,  a  nietallic  tlicrmoiueter  hy  lieanmonl,  of  New   ^ drk. 

IKt").  1(151.  uiaximum  thermometers;   tlie\  are  mercurial. 


'  ^FctcnniliiLriciil  OIisciTiitiniis  in  llio  Arctic  .''('(1-.  liy  Klisliii  Kent  Kimc,  >[.  IV,  T.  S.  N.,  iinnlc 
iliirinir  llio  si'i'dMiHiriiiiiili  I^xpi'ililliin  in -■curcli  cif  .s;ir  ,Iulin  I''nnil<liii,  in  |s."i:!,  Is.M.unil  Is.')."i,iu  \iiii 
licnsscliicr  lliirliiir  iind  (illicr  ))(iiiils  (in  I  lie  west  cmist  nf' (ircciilnnil.  licilncod  luid  ili>cii>scil  in- 
Cliiii'lcs  .\.  Si-liiill.      ."siiiiilis.iniiui  ('iinlriliiilinns  tn  Kiiiiwlc(li.'i',   Is.'i'.l, 

-  Mi.'tciii-oliii;-icii]  Oli-i  rviiliiiMS  in  tlir  .\rrlii'  Si'iis,  liy  ."sir  Kninris  I.i'(i|miIi1  .McCliiilnclc.  I!.  N., 
iiniiii'  (111  lioni'ii  tlio  .\rclic  sciircliiiiir  Viiclit  "  I'"ii\"  in  ISallin  iiiiy  iiml  I'rincc  licLnMit's  Inlcl,  in  ls."i7, 
ls."is,  iinil  is.'i'.l.  Picdiii'i'il  uiid  discussed,  at  tlic  cxpi'iisi'  nl'llii'  Siuillisoiiiiiii  Iii.-titiitiun,  hy  C'lmi'lcs 
.\ ,  .'scliiitt.      .'sniillisiinian  ('(Hil  rilinliuns  lo  Knnuli'di;-!',   lsi;-J. 


•M  i:T  i;tM;  It  i.iMi  I  r  A  I.  ii|i>i:i:\   \Tinvs,  ijjp 

I'iKk  ll.i;)'.l,  iiiiiiiiiiiuii  iIk  riiinniiti  r^ ;    im  ilmilii  >|iirii  iIk  riiinim  ti>i-s.    - 

l(l(>:l,  l'tO\,  liuili  nun  iiiial  ilimiKiiiK  tri> ;   \\i,-  litii  r  ;i  \,\.,ik  ImlU. 

A,  15,  two  lir;iimiur  tin  riiKMiu  tiis. 

Ifil  I.  l(tlN,  li\;,'rnnirlric  mill  IiIik  k  liulli  ilnrniniiii  ti  r->. 

To  iilliiw  I'ui'  rricirs  lit'  yiMiliiiitiiin  tin-  rnllnwin:,'  rciiii|i;iii>iin^  \\i  v  iiiailr:  — 

I.   Ciiiiiiiari-nns  nl'   tlirnnninrtri's   at    thr    tiniiiiTaf  hit    nf   iVn/in:,'   wali  r.    I'lirt, 

iMiiiikc,  Smith  Strait.  Sr|itriiilMr  I'.'.  I^CiO,      'iln     iImi- nn  i.  is  \m  rr   iuiiin  r-nl    m 

a    iMlckctl'tll    III'  lucllinLr    ire.       A,   .Siiniitau'.    uIixIM  v.      'i'ln-    iradiliL;^    air    taki  II    at. 
iiitci'xais  of  li\(>  iniimtr-^. 


^ 

Niuiil 

1)     1    7 

Ultii'll 

1) 

111'  till 
ir,:i7 

'niiipiiii'lrr.j. 
lii;i:i    |.;.-.7 

im;:; 

17114 

Kii.'i 

.\ 

II 

3 

1     1    a     1    4    '    R 

MiMii, 
tun  11, 

ii::  .11 
3:;.  II 
;i::.ii 
;t::.ii 

:(i  .7  ;i:;Mi  in..-.  :a  .7 
31. ii    ;u.'.i     'W.ii    ;ii.;) 

31. .'i      31. fS      31. S     31. fi 
31. i;      SI.-.      32.11     3l.,'i 

31    A    .11    .11 
31.3     3ii.« 
31.:;     31.11 
31.3      31.11 

31    .'J 

:il.ii 
31.11 
31.11 

:il  .4 
:;i..'i 

3».ii 

:;2  .;t 
;;::.'J 
:ii.7 

31  .•: 
:;i.'j 

:;i..'. 
;:i.:! 

;ii.3 

4i'.7 

31  ^.'i 

:;i.4 

3J.li 

:il.7 

3'J'.ii 

:ij.ii 

31.,'. 

32  .11 

:i'j.ii 
:ij.ii 

32.11 

—11  .:i 

-11.4 

— i'.:i 

II. :i 

II  .1 
(1,11 

11.11 

iij.ii 
11.11 

:;i.i:    31. :i    3i.s    3i.-. 
+11.4  4-11.1    i-n.-j.  4-11.:. 

,  31.:;     :;i.n 
-Hi.7    fl.ii 

:il.ii 
-f-l.ii 

:ii.i; 

+  11.4 

:!J.l 
-11.1 

:;i.7 
fi..:i 

31. « 

4 11,-J 

32.11 
11,11 

— ii.:t 

4-11,3 

'J.  Ciilllpari^olis  at  luw  IrllllirratllVr-;,  I'lU't  l'"iiill!\r.  'I'hr  tlnviiliilin  tils  \Mir 
slls|)cu(li'(t  ou  the  ra>t  sidr  of  till'  I'olt  I'lilllKc  nntriiriilii^iical  iiIim  r\atiil\ .  lariiit; 
iHMtlirast,  and  were  lead  at  intcrsals  nf  fhc  iiiimitrs.      March  ',M.  I'^lil. 


.NllllLlirr 

Ill'  i|r-i,millli 

HI  111'   tlirniliilllrl 

■vs. 

3 

1 

2 

4          ) 

» 

111 

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— :;7".L> 

— I'r.^i 

^_;j^'^  J")          __ 

;2'.ti 

— 3.'i   ..'1 

IJl 

Il'T) 

■.\-l-2 

:;i,s 

1           3.'i  ."1 

;!(;.. s 

t-J.-J 

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31. S 

3.'i 

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1 2. 2 

_:!:i°.s 

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31, S 

— :;'.i 

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12 

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33., ■) 

31. «; 

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37 

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n  .-. 

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37 

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12 

31) 

Mi'iiii, 

— ;ii.o 

— 12.:; 

— U.7 

:;;[  1            

-:;i.!i 

— III.C. 

— ;i,i.  1 

( 'iiri'i'diiiii. 

0,11 

+    .-.,:! 

.1  ;j 

—  ..,.' 

4    :;.i'. 

—  ]  1; 

Till)  siiiidl  ciii'ri'ctiiin  of  thr  nirtallic  thrrinoinrti'i'  at  tlii>  rxtrrnirly  luw  triii|iri-a- 
tiii'c  is  11  satist'actoiN  iiroiiC  tliat  tiir  low  triniirratiircs  arr  rnrn  rtly  a^i  ritaiin  d. 


i» 


22       October,  IbOD. 


no 


III.  r  (11!  1 1  AN  n  I!  i:.-  r  i.t,-;  <•  i 


:|.  ()llii  r  iiiti  riiudiutc  i  umiiMriMiUs  liy  A,  SiinnlMi,'. 


l-;i'. 

:i 

1 

•» 

It 

A 

lii<i:i 

(ii'iuiiiT  i;iii 

\   S\. 

•Jl   ;» 

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•.'r.'.i 

— »".« 

Ctll 

!'.  .M. 

Hi) 

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tl.H 

)i.i'i 

— !.;» 

nth 

1'  M 

'21  i\ 

•JJ 1 

'•■2.  1 

•j;i.o 

—  i.;i 

Mrilll        .        . 

i'i..\ 

•i\.H 

•JJ.I 

'22.1 

—4.:. 

Cniri'i'tiiiii  . 

0,0 

+o.:> 

+  0.2 

—0.1 

+  0,1 

Ol'lnllir    llMll 

llnlill, 

II 11 

lO.;-) 

II  ;i 

13.  It 

—  !l 

llth 

.\   M 

t;.o 

4.7 

O.ll 

7  II 

-III 

Mill 

1'.  .M. 

Il'o 

lO.M 

II    H 

IJ.s 

M.S 

mil 

1'   .M. 

il\ 

II. -J 

ll'.l 

l:i.l 

—    M.7 

IJili 

.\..M. 

X.; 

7.7 

N.O 

0.7 

—  10.1 

.MriHI 

III.  1 

0.0 

10.0 

11.0 

—  !i.7 

CiilTrcliuii   . 

0.0 

+  1.1 

+  0.1 

— 11.11 

0  0 

— 10.  1 

— IJ.i". 

-S.M 

I.I 

—  HI 

— 7.S 

Cmi'ii'l  imi   . 

■     ■ 

0  II 

-f- J 1 

—  1  :l 

—  J     1 

—  nil 

■  1  ;[ 

I.    .\(liliti()iiiil   cnniiiaviMtiis  of  tin  rnidiiirtrrs    Nus.   I    and  (i  with   tlir  staudunl ; 


■<c  coiiiiianMiiis 


ii'iii 


M'vy  iimiiniius.  tlic  irsults  mil)  arc  ;;i\tii  here, 


it 


Hal.. 


I  Mill.      .Niivciiiliii-  J'.l        .         , 

'Jll 

lsi',0.     T)ii('nilM'r   ls_Mnrili  I's 


I  sill,      {■•rl, 


iiiiry 


»  — April 
.\i>iH 


:t 


.liiiiiiiiiT     :!1 

.liimmi'y     Uo — .Miinli  Jil 


Date. 


isc.n  Sciitciiilicr  12      . 

"  Niivciiilicr  i" — Niivciiiliir  l".i 

"  .N'livi'iiilicr  L'.'i — Ncivriiilici'  :!il 

"  Niivciiiliri'  1 1' — Ncivrinliii' I'd 

"  Nnvciiilicr  1.'! — Niiv('inlnr  I'li 

"  Ntiviiiiliri'  r.) — .Viivciiilici' "Jl 


T.'ii. 

'i-j-.l 

tun 

l.y^ 

0,  » 

:il 

• 

Ill'IWr 

'11 

l^o 

iiinl 

" 

•> 

mill 

— 

" 

— 

1-.' 

iiiiil 

— 

" 

— 

■Jl 

mill 



" 

— 

;io 

uiid 

— 

('I'lTi'rIldii  tci       NiiiiilH.r'  nf 


-(. 


nli.-rtvatiiiii.s 


1:!° 

10 


is 


•fO^',0 

+o,r) 
—I.I 


—a,  2 

— U.4 


Tomiitralnro  liy  No,  0. 

Correotion  to 
No.  0. 

N 

Oli. 

IIIiIkT  of 
iTMllilill.- 

:u-.:! 

+n°,7 

4 

lirUvriMl   II"  IMI'I        14° 

+  10.7 

1 

(1 

10    anil        0 

+  111.1 

i:i 

"    —  2    mill  — |o 

+  11. ;i 

i:i 

"    —III    mill  —•.'0 

+  11.4 

'Jo 

"    —•JO    mill  —20 

+  11.(1 

7 

'I'JR'  rdliowiii^  corrrctiDiis  wcit  addptrd  fur  Ni>.   1  ;  — 


Tfinin'ratiiri'  liv  N".  ■!. 

+  ;;-j" 

+  -J2 

+  11 

—  ,^ 

—  111 


Ciirri'i'lidii. 
+  0'",-J 

+  0.2 
+  0.2 
—  1.4 
— 2..''> 

;>  .J 

— :!.4 


M  i:  r  !:••  i;  n  l  oi,  l  (    \  l,   n  |;>  I   i;  \    \  |  |  d  \ 


r.i 


\    iiiiiiiIm  r   111'  >iiiiiili:iiii  (iii^  vrailiiiL'-   <<f  tin  iiiii  iiiiiti  )•"•  \n».    :l,   |.  ;i,    \,    ItKi;!, 

i1m>  III'   II    I'l  \\    nlhi  IS,   Will'    t;iKc  II    ll.liU    liilWiill     NnMlllliiV     l'.*.    I"»lilt.   Illlil    .IiiIn     I'.'. 


Isdl.  lit  ill 


II.  s  A.  M.,  •,'  iiimI    in  IV  M      (  M 


llli  -i      |i  illlillL.'-     ■•Ill  ll     IIM'    w 


ill  ll 

(■  HI  ( :i«iiiii,ill\  (iiiii>>iiiii-   ill  tlii 


Illiuli'  ll>    rill  lllilstiilici  >    ■"irlll  III  rrilllilr.        I  In  Ir  ;ir 

frciild.        IlrtWilll    NnMllllnr  '.'(>,    I  ^(i(  I.   Illlil     Mlllili    I,    I  >(i  1 .  llnlllh    '    aililll,'^  (it    llii' 

Mlllli'  llirniinlllrli  IN  \M  I  r   l.iki'll  nil  lil'li  til  (^l\^  (at    illli  r\al>  nl'  nllc  \M  i  K) 

CiiiiiliiiiiMiii  (if  llnriiuiiiiiti  r.  Nh.  ll  iiml  Nn.  |:i. 

'I'lioi'  tin  rillolllctrl'H  Wire  rrinl  tui^illin-  lVri|lli  nll\  liilUnll  \|ilil  'i.  l^'Cil.allil 
.Inly  (i,  1>^(1I;  the  I'ullowiiiy;  cmri  rtiuii.  to  Nn.  l^!  wnv  (Iriliinil  trmii  tin  ^i 
I  iini|iiiri>iins:^ 


T. 

HI! 

■  r.itiirii  \<y 

— ?("» 
+    1 
+  17 

-1  i:. 
+:.:i 

S'.i. 

l:i. 

('iirri'i'tiiiii. 
+  11 
— Hit 

—11  •.» 

+  1  '■■ 
+ 1  ■> 
+  1  i 


^llln^.■r  "f  lil.n-rviiliiiiii'. 

7 

IT 
tfA 

rii 

ti 

aT 

a 


'I'lii'M'  coiniKii-isuiis  111  iim  luailr  ill  tlir  iilr,  iiVf  yet  .iidirii  nlh  nnnn  rmi'-  td  n'wf 
M  rrliillili'  (■nn'rctiiill. 

Mn^t  (if   till'    IllrtrnViiliiu'iilll   ill^t  nilllrllt>  WiTr    l\r|it    III  II  lalu'i'    l"'N   mi  ^InH'r  IH'ill' 

llic  iislriiiimiiiciil  1111(1  iiiiii;iirtir  iili>rr\ iiturv .  in  the  rrar  III   till'  ll  ii-liiir. 

'I'lic  record  of  the  t('iii|irriitiiri'  nl"  tlic  iiir  (■i)iii|iri'M-'  (l:iil\  lii-lmmly  oli^iVMitiiMi-^ 
(with  (iccii.iiiniil  (Hiiis>i(»iis)  lirtwcrii  Sriitrinlicr  1,  1*^(11),  mnl  .Inly  ;ll,  IsdI.  Tin  r- 
MKiinitcr  No.  1  uiis  iiM'd  liitwrcn  Srptcinlirr  1  and  Niivriiiliir  1.  mi  wliiili  dalr 
Nl).  fi  WHS  liiiiiL;-  up.  No.  7  liaviiiu'  liriii  ciirriid  iiwiiy.  NoMiiilnr  I'.'lli,  tin  rnnnin - 
tcr  No.  ()  WHS  tiiUi'ii  to  the  iii(t(iiriiloi,'i(id  box  on  >liiiic,  iiinl  No.  I  siili>titiilrd, 
linii^' on  ii  ]iiilc  erected  on  tlie  tloe  ice  near  the  schooner.  On  April  .■■)tli,  No.  \'-\ 
Wiis  snlistilnted  lor  No.  I.  < 'n  March  liith.  the  tlieriiiMiiieter-'  \Mre  (haiiL'id  in 
jMwition  iit  the  lio\  on  shore  ami  on  .May  '2'.>d  tin)  were  rctnimil  mi  lioard. 


it 


172 


I!  !•:  c  ()  I!  i»  A  \  i>  I!  !•:  s  r  r,  t  s  o  f 


T.I 


iiiii'i'Miiii'i'  (>: 


I'  tl.i 


:iii'.  HI  sliac 


U'l-Vfil  iiciir  :iii(l  .1 


II 
\2 

i:t 

14 

m 

17 

1- 

111 
2n 

•21 


•2i 


21' 
liii 


k',  oil 
f<f|itciiil)iT,   l-^l'iO. 


t    I'l.rt    iM.lliki 


■^liiilli  Snail, 


21 
2ii 
21! 
:iii 

or 

IT-.I 

i4.r. 

1  U) 

111 

2(1 

Ki.r. 

17 
17.0 


111 


311 
25 

22.; 

2S.1 


24.1 
21 


2:t 


2(1 
W 

2;i 


2:i 


10 


2:! 
24 

21.: 


18 

11) 

2! 

Ifi-S 

17 

18.. 5 

17 

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18 

2(1 

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27 

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l(i 

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17 

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21 

211 

19 

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17 

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14 

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22.. "-i 

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1" 

Noon. 


24 
21..' 


24.. S 
111  I 
.1.1 

:i2 

22.3 

21 

111 

lit..') 

21., I 

2(1 

14..'! 

17.7 


111 


21 
211 
21 1,  r. 
27 

iii.r, 

is 


111 


24 


'    311 

2fl        ! 

27 

2i; 

'    24 

24 

.    28      . 

27 

24 

2li 

211 

31 

24..S 

24        1 

18 


28 


31 

24 

2(1 

24 

27 

31 

23.1 

23 

21.; 

21 

22 

3(1 

17 

21 

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18.; 

17 
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111.: 


4 

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24 -..l 

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24 

17 

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(    23 

23 

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31 

311 

24.4 

24.2 

2,-J 

24.2 

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24.  S 

27.  r. 

27.3 

31 

311.5 

23.5 

22  5 

211.5 

211.5 

23.5 

311 

lit 

211.5 

211.5 

17 

111.5 

II 
II 


TIllTIlKllllfd'l-  N.I 


liiiDi;  (HI  ;i  iml.'  (Ill  the  line  let'  near  tin-  vi'<-f!.     Tli 


21 

1.5.7 

1-.2 

25.7 

24 

1(1.5 

21.5 


111.5 
|i;.> 


11 

s  til. 


24 

22.5 

28 

311.5 

24 

24 

25,5 

2(1.7 

27.5 

2(1.5 
15.8 
111.5 

21.3 
ID 
21 
I'' 

u; 

17  _ 

ii!« 

.1111. 'tiT  i 


10 


211 


32 

24.5 

23 

2il 

211.5 

20 

21 

111 

15 

111.5 


is.  5 
15.5 

13 

II 

11 

llM'.l     t 


21.: 


21 


211 
23 


2li 
24.8 

is.s 

17.5 

15 

111.5 

24.5 

1:1.3 

17 

111.5 
14 
21.5 
111.3 
t-.5 
11.3 

II  N..V 


22  .4 
21.1 


24.11 


24.11 


25.x 
24.11 

24!4 

211.11 
23.11 
211.2 
17.4 
1-.7 

2.v'4 
lii.3 
111.11 
111.2 
17.(1 
17.5 
l>.4 
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III.) 

7lli. 


Ocldlicl',   I. Slid. 


liiiy  ..f 

.Mill 


8 
11 
1(1 
11 
12 
1.1 
14 
15 
1(1 
17 
11 
111 
2ii 
21 

23 
24 


2H 


2'' 

4 

11 

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111 

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2 

14. 5 



14  .5 

14  .5 

14  .5 

13  .5 

13  .5 

17 

111.5 

24 

23.8 

24.5 

24  5 

22.5 

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13 

14.5 

15 

-  -  - 

-  -  . 

25 

25 

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24.5 

23.5 

24.5 

24.5 

24.5 

23.5 

24 

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24.5 

24.5 

24 

17 

111.5 

111 

2ii 

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23.5 

24 

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14.5 

23.2 

23.5 

24 

25 

28 

27.5 

2(1.5 

27.5 

20.5 

27.5 

117 

21 

1(1 

111 

15 

11.0 

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12.4 

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7 

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47 
44 

r.ii 

l!4 
44 
4^ 


411 


41  .r,       :;-  :;- 

1"  :;-  :;;i 

r-i.r.      4i;..-.      44 


4/..r, 


411 

■ii 
■i- 


114..-, 

I»7' 

4ii 


411.,-.  4-2 

;i7  I  US 

liii  ;  liii.ii 

II-  I  mi 

n:;  '  32 

m;  .  38 

."4..-P  3-1 

:,'■,  :  en 

4-,  ;  r,i 


,,ij 
3:i 


3-> 
41 

fi.^i 

4,1 


44 


4.-..'i        4.-. 


4J 


■111 
411 
IM 
114 

4ii.; 
4:j 

47 


4- 
4- 
4ii 
47 
41 
4:J 


nil 
4-1 

■i-i 

4J 
4ii 
41 


lil! 
41! 


4;i 
4ii 
4i; 
411 
lilt 
lil 
47 
44 
4ii 

4i.r, 

4! 


in 
liii 

4ii 


4.i. 
47 
47 
4ii 


411 

4il..1 

4" 


44..1        4li 


4.-. 
37 


ilii 
4- 


411 
3il 


114 
4.1 
4I1.,1 

4il 
44.- 


41 
111 


4-: 
44 
14 
44 
4:1 
IW 

1:1 

41 


114 


\-2- 


4ii 
11 

nil.; 
nil 


41 

4-.; 
1.1 

3- 

.111 
411 

IN 


41 


II 

4:1 


34 
3.1 


34 
n4 
34 
34 

3;i..1        3'.;..1        3ii 
11:.. 1        34  114.: 

47  .13  411 

Till         :,.;.■■      4-. 

47  47 

4,'  .',11  .Mi 

■111  :j,;  :;4 


4J.^ 

I.  1 
II.,- 

II  ; 

I  ■.-. 
11, -J 


II..', 
ij.  I 

:.-.4 
411.-J 

ii|i.- 


IM.'i 

.;i.7 

nil. 11 
41.11 
4  1.11 
.'..'..I 
.'  i .  I 
II. :i 


'   rul!,,,!  1,111  "I'  I'l.it  I'niilk,,.    Tl liciii.il  i.,,or.l  :iH,,r  .lulv  11,  ii i.  i~  l.y   •■.-..■n  ,|,i_v.s"  cr  .■i-ti.,iii,ii,i,-i!  r,-,  kmi 

niL,',  whii-li  i,~  III, I-,,  rli;ui.-i,4  t,,  rivil  ii-.lci.niii-j-. 


.V,./r.,-/„    ,.r,r.,l,„.l    n.rnr.l. 

'NijvciiiliiT,  ISllll.  Till)  livi.'  iTiuliiivs  111'  111!'  71I1.  ri'cnnlril  liy  .Nn.  7,  iiml  lln-  liv:-  ivaiiiii--  nl'  iIm' 
lijlli,  rcnmlnl  liy  Nu.  I.  lis  will  as  llir  rmiliLi:-  Ky  .Xn.  ,'!.  .,11  iIh-  '.ill,,  unr  ri  I'l  rrnl  h,  .Nu.  11  liv 
aiiiilicalimi  nl'  tin'  I'nrrrrliniis  — lii-.ll.  — i  1.7.  ami  — In   ..'1.  rr-|i(iii\  ih  . 

,\]iiivli,  Isiil.  'I'lir  I'lailiiiu'^  li\  Nil.  I!  wiiT  I'l  I'rniil  111  .\,i.  I  liy  a|iiil\iiiLr  llii>  i-iirriitjiui  ( uiili 
sii;-|i  rr\ri'Mil)  us  iiiaik' nut  I'l'iilii  till'  (■ni]i|iari-ii|is. 

.\|iril.  l-r.l.  All  llii'  rriuliii'.;-.-  |ii-r(-iiliiiL'-  -'  1',  .M,  nli  llir  iitli.  taki  II  liy  lliii-iimnii  111-  .Nn  I,  in  it 
rcl'iTrnl  In  Nn.   Hi. 


J><ii/i/  Miiiii    I'l  iiijii  nil  nn  11/ III!    .\i  r.  in  J.nuli .  nl,-.,  m  il  nl  I'iiii   Fmill:,, 

'rwchc  (ilisiTMilidiis  11  (lay.  tiikcii  lit  ('(iiii-di-liiiit  iiiti'r\  al-.  ni\r  -n  iir:iil\  ijir  >aiiii' 
result,  us  lidiiriy  (iliscr\iiti(iiis  (within  Ir—  lliaii  Hi  .ill)  tliat  im  I'liitlin-  cnrii  d  imi  i- 
ii'(|iiii'cil.  'I'lic  Millies  dl'  tile  daily  iiiiiiii  trin|ii  latiire.  nivin  jn  il,,.  tiililr.  were 
(ilitiiiiieil  liy  iiddiiiLr  tlie  ((irrectinn  t'nr  errm-  n!'  niiidiialinn  In  llie  daih  1111,111-  a-  -it. 
(lilt  ill  tiic  iirect'diug  iccoiil. 


*«i 


'  OiTa-iniial  iiiiiissiniis  in  tlir  iTrnnl  uiri-  -ii|i|iliii|  liy  iiilrv|i,,Iiiii,,ii  lufurr  any  luiaii^  win  laki  u 
.\s  tlii-  iiilri'iinlalinii  \\  a  -  iiiaili'  ill  thr  iiiii,-t  -iiii]ilr  luiiiiiiir.  till'  iiilii'iinlatril  valine  tlu'lii-i-hi  -  mill 
iinl  111-  ^Iniw  n. 

i;:l       Oululjer.  ISU.'j. 


Jl 


irs 


i;  i:r(i  I!  |i   A  N  h   i;  i:s  i   i.'is  i*  i 


till' 

l-Hd. 

i-';!. 

Iliniith. 

S.'i.t. 

(Vt.          Nov.         Ii,.c. 

.I.iii'y.    !     IVli.        M.'ii.l., 

Ainil. 

lli.y. 

.tunc. 

,lnly. 

1 

+  1';!'.  1  +lll'.l     +0".i 

+  '.!'.'.< 

— L'l'^.s- jr.7— lii  '..■. 

1 7  '^.  7 

+  :;.:; 

+  21";! 

+  ;i;i-.i 

.> 

^1.'  1 

:il.l 

—  1.0 

+  •2.' 

— :>7.i;  — i;.^  — i:;.i 

—  ID.O 

2  11 

211 

'.',~i    '■'> 

:! 

lM.'.i 

:il.4 

— .'!.:> 

—  lL'.7 

— itd.'.i  — •.".1.7    — ir,.(; 

—22.1 

s.I) 

21.4 

II. ^ 

t 

■JI.L> 

1'.")..") 

— d..S 

—  l.-i.s 

— L'7.'.i 

:>;j.7    iJ.'i.li 

—20  C 

l:i.."i 

2(1.1) 

;is,n 

a 

;;i.s 

:;:!.(• 

— .').;! 

— I.s 

-I'd.  7 

— •.';!.()  _;!.!.4 

-i.-..r, 

14,11 

21).  0 

41. s 

(> 

:.'H.7 

OO    0 

—  S.4 

—  I1..S 

•j;i.7 

-I'.T.-.   —•!:.'.:.' 

—  M.C. 

2:!,  2 

27.0 

41.2 

T 

•J."..!l 

:;i.T     — :!.  t 

—  l.s.s 

— -j:!.  1 

— ;!0. 1   — -.'."i.o 

—2 1 . 1 

22..'. 

21).  4 

4;!,(1 

s 

•J  I.I 

•js.l     +11. -J 

—  I'.l.S 

-III.-.' 

— :.>i;.s  _17.;J 

— 21.S 

27,1) 

21).  2 

:ii),s 

;i 

J.'i.'.i 

L'd.i' 

+  lL'.4 

—i-2.  t 

— 1'.).4 

— -Jl-'.S    — 111 

—  IK.l 

21),  :i 

:i-..;j 

4  2.7 

Id 

L'i;,.i 

ii;.(i 

+  (;.i; 

— •.'.■..;! 

— L>1.',)    — ;>7.r,    — 14.1) 

—  |s.!i 

:i2.o 

■S.U, 

40.S 

II 

:;(».;■) 

II. 11 

+  \.>i 

—  17.:i 

—  Il'..'i    — L'L.'i    — l.'..:i 

—21.0 

;!(),() 

yi  4 

;!!).:! 

1:; 

'J(;,s 

ii>.i 

+  .-..7 

—  I-.:! 

— 17.0'— 1'2.:{ 

— 1>>.0 

—  11,(1 

:;:i.)i 

y:i.l) 

47.1) 

l:i 

•J.").i; 

-fc,.,-, 

+  ».7 

—  II  .•. 

_ls.:i;_;i;i.4 

— L'll.d 

—  12.2 

:!.■),  s 

lit.l 

a.s.s 

II 

•Ji.d 

-1.4 

+  :..',! 

—  I'.l.!) 

— 1)..S 

— :n..-i 

— •JS.7 

— 1:!.() 

:i:>..-» 

;!)i.o 

41.1 

I'. 

:2,">.4 

-  :...■> 

— O..') 

—  II. I 

— I'd.L' 

—:]:).:; 

_:!o.:! 

—  l:i.  1 

;i:!.2 

lid.o 

4  I.s 

li-> 

;i(Mi 

+  l.'.t 

— •-'.  7 

—  I'.i.s 

—-'S.4 

-;!4.;t 

— :!1.4 

—  11.2 

;!2.o 

:{:!.7 

IKl.D 

n 

tJi.i; 

+  -'7 

— -2.  .■> 

—  1.1 

—  JI.S 

-:)1.1 

-2X.2 

— r.,8 

27.:! 

.'!■>.() 

;i  s.  s 

IS 

21.:! 

+  1.-.; 

— I..-. 

— J.:i 

_i's.4 

— li7.'J 

—24.(1 

_:!.(i 

20.4 

a.-).)! 

40.1 

l!» 

is.  4 

—  \.2 

—  11.4 

—  I.."i 

— ■Jt.:' 

— :;i.<; 

-io.s 

—0,(1 

1(1.1) 

3-..:( 

;ii).4 

lill 

I'.i.T 

44. s 

—  l.VX 

S.7 

— :;:!.'. 

—  IS.I 

—•2-2. 1 

+  0,7 

1(1.  M 

:i7.:! 

:ii),(i 

:.'l 

•Jii.T 

—1.:! 

<].■> 

— i7.i; 

_:;().  1 

— n.« 

—2H.-2 

_:i.;! 

20. 1) 

40.0 

:!7.ri 

■  )<) 

■JC.I 

+  4.4 

0.0 

— liO.C, 

— :il.;! 

— :!0.1 

— :i().s 

— r.,(i 

0.)   0 

41.2 

:;7.d 

1':! 

IT.:; 

—  1.(1 

+  ;!.:! 

+  :>.0 

-40..-. 

—11).:! 

_;ii.o 

— .'>,2 

20.1) 

4  1.1 

:i.'i, '. 

L'l 

•Jii.d 

-4.7 

+  1.1 

+  1..-, 

-:!d.;i 

— L'd.c  — ;i4.:j 

—2.7 

24. 1 

:;;i.7 

:;.'i.ii 

•.'.') 

L'l). -J 

— 7." 

+  !t.  .S 

— ll.d 

—■.H.-2 

— l'd.;'l     •_':>,  1) 

— 1),S 

24.1) 

:iii.:i 

:;i.:; 

i>(; 

|s,ii 

—  i  ■  7 

+  ld.l 

— i:..i 

—•2'.l(\ 

—■22.1  '— I'H.O 

— s,;j 

:i(),ii 

:!'•'.  7 

4l).l) 

I'i 

l.s..') 

— ;">.(( 

+  i(;.i; 

— 2o.r. 

—•2:i.l 

—'.':;..•.   —  ir,.i' 

—7.2 

;!2,2 

:i7.  s 

42.2 

I'S 

I'.i.4 

— li.ll 

+  :>.■..(; 

—  l.-M> 

—  ■2\.'.t 

—22.  1 

—  C.s 

—7.2 

:jd.;i 

;i7.(i 

;>■■',.  1 

l'!l 

It.  7 

—0.1     H-i'O.O 

— 1.-..:! 

— 1'7. 1 

— 12..-> 

— -.•» 

2s.;, 

;!7.2 

41).  4 

.•JO 

11.4 

+;!.l    +1.-..4 

— i:!.'.i 

:.'i).s 

—  10.1) 

+  :i.u 

21.  1 

IT  '* 

l:!.2 

;!l 

+  1.;!: 

—■l\.x 

—:!.■).(; 

—  14.1) 

20.2 

;ii;.d 

+  |d..M 

Minn, 

+  :!l'.i;o 

+  7. I'd    +l'.M 

—  ]-2.s\ 

!'.■>. 1)7 —'J  lss_:iL'.:;-_> 

—  1  1 OI 

+  2:!.  7  7 

+  :i:;.s.-, 

All II I  jI  FI iii-tiiiitiiia  (//'  //((    Ti  iii/i'  I'Kfiii'r  iif  till  J  .'. 

'rii(>  annuiil  iluftiiiitioii  of  the  t("nip(nMtiiv('  at  IVirt  I'oulkr  is  vcitvcsontcd  1)y  tlic 
itliovc  iiKmthlyiiit'aus  and  an  interpolated  Milne  for  the  month  of  Anfj;iist.  For  the 
pur])ose  of  comparison  and  interpolation  tlie  observed  mean  tempcratnres  at  \'iin 
Rensselaer  Jlarliov'  and  at  Port  Kennedy-  are  placed  toij;ether  with  the  eorrespond- 
i!i<,'  values  at  I'ort  ]'"()nlke.  The  interpolated  temperature  for  Au/^ust  is  olilained 
as  follows:  Auffust  warmer  tluiu  June  at  Van  llensselaer  ITarhor,  1°.70;  at  I'ort 
Kennedy,  l°.Sl;  7uean.  1°.17  ;  which,  added  to  the  oljserved  temperature  of  June 
at  I'ort  Foulke,  ij;i\('s  IJ-'j^.ti'^  for  the  temperature  of  Auf^ust.  Tn  the  same  manner 
(he  romparison  of  th(>  .Iidy  and  Auirust  temperature  <,nves  Au;j;ust  colder  than  .Inly 
4°. 77,  heiu'c  temi)erature  of  August  :5.)°.77.  Aijfain,  the  comparisons  witli  Septem- 
i)er  fiiv(>  for  the  preceding'  mouth  in"..")"),  .^ivinj^  to  this  last  \\\\w  tlie  wei^lit  one- 
half,  and  to  the  others  tlu'  wei<j;ht  one  each,  the  temperatiu'e  for  Aui!;ust  hecomes 
;5G°.()7,  all  expressed  in  degrees  of  rahreuheit's  scale. 


Middli-  (if  ii:!'/!'  2!)  cif  (liscii-^.^iiiii  (if  Dr,  V..  K.  Kiiiic's  (MiscrviUioiis. 

Sii'iiml  liililr  iif  YA'sv  20  (if  (liM'ii--iiiii  iif  Sir  !•'.  1,.  M'CIiiiliii'kV  ()l),..rr\iUiiiMs 


•M  i:  T  i;ii  i;  (M.ih;  I  (    \  I.   iii;  - 1;  i;  \  A  T  I  o  \ 


n!» 


.liiiiimry     . 
I''ilii'iiiirv  . 
MmitI,    ■    . 
A|iril 
Miiy  . 

.lllllC. 

.Inly. 

AlliiMl-l 
Sl|ili>lMlirl' 
OcliililT 
NiiVrllllllT. 
I)('C('ImIi('1'  . 


S|ii'iiijr 
SiniiMH'r     . 
Aiituniii     . 
AVInlur 


r.iri  I'.'iilk". 

Vail  iu'liTi'ti'lat-r. 

l>.:ii  lil. 

IV.;  4-.'.. 

,'.=:7-     I-' 

7-    :;"' 

>=  7; ;    1 1<  1 

7"   r.:i 

•_>,",   ,',17 

'Js-  J:! 

Jl.'-^* 

— -.m;  i:! 

•'•',;!■> 

— :il  ••s 

— ii.dii 

—  iii;;:. 

+  -J:i.77 

4-1:1  i."p 

+  :i:i,>.;. 

+  '■'<'>  1:2 

+  I11..M 

+  :!vl!i 

(4-:ii;.(i7) 

-(-;;i>-.' 

+  Ji'.rii 

+  1.1. 1.") 

+  7,i;(i 

■ — ;!  .'is 

+  :.'.>  1 

•.'!    '.!.") 

—  k'.^l 

— :;l.l;.> 

—.■i.l:i 

—  IH  .-.'.1 

(+;!ii.-i') 

+  :;:),:is 

+  11. (ii 

—  I.ii:i 

—  JI,-Jl' 

— ■J^.'i'.i 

l'"ll    K.MIIIr.lv 

:'l    M 


::i    iH 


■_'  \i< 

+  1..  ni 

I  :;:.  1 1 

+  Ml  I-.' 

f  :ii;  ■..-, 

+  j..  I.; 

+  7  11 

—  1 1  I. II 


^•^;ll■, 


-l'  p; 


—  ■J  n| 

1  :i7  111 

+  7  ii'.i 

—:'„•,  II I 

;  1  -.^ 


At  Port  Foiilkc  every  luniilh.  cMciitin^  Aiiril,  \va>  waniirr  than  llir  iiirrrN|)nn(|- 
iiii;'  inontli  at  \'iiii  Iiciissrlarr  llarlmr.  ami  1111  tlir  avira^ci'  nl'  tlir  year  llir  ti  niiiira- 
liiri'  WHS  >S°.;5v'  milder  tliaii  at  tlie  latter  place,  iiiid  1  .(Il  iiiililer  lliaii  at  I'lirl 
Kennedy.  I'nrt  Fonlke  aifiees  more  nearly  witii  i'ort  Knuieilv  in  nm  -Imwin-- 
the  exces>ive  cold  sprin;;-  and  cold  autnnin  nf  \'an  KensMlaer,  Iml  ditfrrs  mu^l  eon- 
spicuDUsly  froni  either  by  n  mild  winter.  'I'lie  snnnner  teniperatiireN  diHrr  lia-l.  a^ 
the  ])reseuee  of  ice  and  perpetnal  snow  tends  to  keep  the  temperature  in  ar  tlir 
(reezini;  point,  'i'he  ran^e  ol'  the  snnnner  and  winter  mean  trmperaturr  i^  •")'^  .n,  at 
Van  llensselaer  Harbor  ()2'.(),  and  at  Tort  Kennedy  V.'  .  I.  'I'hi-  dili'en  lur  b.  tween 
the  extreme  seasons  is  <,n'adnally  inerea^inu' a-  ^\e  pnii  eed  nurthuard  mi  tin-  wi-t 
eoast  of  (jreenland,  thus — 


.T;li'iili>ll,'lVril 
OlIlrlKlIi 

Tpii'iiavlk , 

Wlllsll'llllullU  Siiiiik!  . 

I'livt  Fniilke 

\'iiA[  Urlis-i'liici'  Ihirlior 


I      i;'.i     \y  ililV.  r.iHT    II 


711  II 

72  17 

7ii  .".'l 

7s  Is 


1.".  - 
17  7 
la;  7 

.'i-.O 

i;l'  0 


'rh(>  difierenee  of  Wolstenholm  .Sound  appears  to  b,'  aiiiimalnns  and  must  lie 
acfonnted  for  by  local  iniinences. 

To  express  the  ol)served  temperature  tluctnalious  analytieall\  by  nseaiis  ef  liessri's 
periodic  function,  re([nires,  strictly,  months  of  eiiual  len;,'th,  espeei.djy  when  the 
annual  ranije  of  temperature  is  considered,  'i'his  is  efl'ei  ted  in  tjie  present  in  esti- 
fjfatiou'  by  dividinij  the  year  into  twelve  normal  months  of  ;5(l.  I'J  (nearly)  days,  and 


'  III  till'  iiiotcorolo'j-lrnl  illscnssidiis  for  Viui  lirii-srliii'i'  Hiii'lnir  iiml  I'orl  Kriuiiily  an  Mllriij|il  wa- 
iiiaili'  Id  ilii  lliis  liv  an  a]i|irn\iiiialr  iiirlliuil.  hut  liif  tnjlou  iiiL''  stn'''l  |.rni'i --,  imw  |iiir-iii'i|,  uill  n.il 
lie  rnillid  loo  laliiirioiis.      I''oi' roiuiihiii   xcar-:    l!ilaiii  iiiil\-  II.  (:.' i.C  ,!aiiiiarv  :il    as   lirlniiuiii'j  lo  thai 


i' 


l.so 


i;  i:c()i!  I)  A  N  I)  I!  i;s  r  i/is  or 


(if  '■)().')  (l;i\s   fnY  ((1111111(111  !iU(l   Iciin  \(';irs  vc^ncctivch.      New   iiKHitlilv    -iiins   nnd 


iiiciiiis  were  llicii  taUcii. 
Ill  tlic  forniiilit' 


T=A  +  n,  >^!,i  {!)  +  (\)+  li,  sn,  {•>)  4-  (',)  +  It.  ■•<;„  {-.V)  +  r,)  + 


7'  represents  tlie  teinperiitiirL'  for  iiiiy  part  (iiuiiitli  (ir  dav )  ol'  llie  year,  and  the  aiiy;le 
il  ((.lints  from  January  1st  (()''  A.  M.)  at  tlie  rate  i\i  'M  a  iiK.utli  or  .VC.'.'  and  .")l»'.(t 
ii  day  lor  comnioii  and  leap  years. 

For  Port  l-'oiilkf  we  have: — 
7'=.+(i.()(i  +  :l:r.ll  xln  {O-^'iVl   \r)-¥i\  M  »h,  {-i  >-ir\\\y  -.V)  +{V  A\  Hln  i'.V)  +  --\\s  ) 

F(jr  coiii|»ai'is()n,  tlie  expression  lor  N'liii  Uciisselaer  liarlior  was  loiiiid :  — 
7'=— \>'.','()+;}.V.")!i,s/«(^y+'j:)r  !:!')+(;  .V,'.s//(C,':^+(iit    IV)  +;{  .•,>(•«/// (:{f(+ 17  ) 

And  for  Port  Kennedy: — 
T     +•.'  .()'3  +  :5!»  .'JO  s//'  (/J  +  'Jli)  (I.V)  +(r.s(> sn,  {'ii'r'l'AV  .")('.') 4- 1  .()(!  sh,  (:{')  + •J7,')) 

'I'lie  oltserved  and  conqmted  mean  inoiitlily  temperatures  compare  a^  follows ;  the 
months  are  of  e([iia!  leiij^th,  and  it  will  he  seen  that  the  temperatures  of  the  actual 
montlis  differ  liut  little  from  tliose  of  tlie  normal  months. 


Nmiiuil  mniitli. 

l\,n  Fi.ulk..,  Im;ii-i;i 

Ol.sciVH.l 

CnliiputtMl 

DitlVrcuce 

tciiii>i'raliiri'. 

tcIniii'r.iUiri'. 

0.— C. 

.llllMIUI'N 

—•J.-.  .'.17 

I''(liniiirv 

—•>\Au\ 

—27  liO 

+  :i.27 

Miiivl 

—•1±  1 1 

— 22.711 

+  11,, 'IS 

.\piil 

— ll.'.la 

'i.  :;.■> 

—  1.70 

.Mav 

-f  iM.sl 

+  Is.!.,S 

+r..s:i 

.Iiini' 

4-:!l.."i:i 

+  :i7.»:! 

—2.111 

,Iulv 

+  l(i.."i:{ 

4il.r.i; 

— l.ii:i 

A  lijrii.-i 

(  +  :ii;.ii7) 

4-:!:i.ss 

+  2.111 

Si'|il(lnlicl' 

-\-ii.:M 

+  22.27 

+  o.2:i 

OclulMr     ...... 

+  7.  If. 

+  Iii,s7 

— :!.!! 

Ndvi'iiilici' 

+  -i:m\ 

—11.72 

+  :;.(;s 

|)i'(viiili(r 

—  l;;.ls 

—  12.r.7 

— 0..-.1 

Soasons  nml  yuar. 

Spriiifr 

'—''l.'\'l 

— :i.02 

+  0.00 

Siaiiiiicr 

(  +  :i7.(il) 

+  ::7.(;2 

— o.r.s 

Auliaiai 

+  10.1.7 

+  III.M 

+  0.1(i 

Wiiilcr 

—21.2(1 

—21.17 

— O.OII 

\VM- 

+  (;.im; 

+  i;.0(; 

(i.iiii 

"\m  • 


iiiciiilli  (iiiid  (•i.iis('()iiciilly  cast  (ivcr  0.;')>i  of  il  lo  I'diniary ) ;  incliicl(!  with  rdiruary.  .MmitIi  I.  nml 
(i.s:!  (il'llic  .^oci.ijil ;  Willi  Marcli,  A|iri!  1  ami  O.2.".  nl'  lln-  scci.nil  ;  will.  April,  May  1  ami  0.(;7  (.f  llir 
x'ciiMil  ;  Willi  May,  .Iuik;  1  ami  O.os  df  llu'  scci.iiii  ;  willi  .liiiu',  .Inly  1  and  O.r.O  (if  iIk;  scchmiI  ;  will. 
•Iiily  0.1(2  (.r  AdL'dsl  1  ;  will.  Aiiiriist  O,.'!:!  of  S('|>t(iiil.('r  1  ;  with  ScptcmlKr  0.7^.  of  Ocinlur  I  ;  w.h 
OrliiliiT  0,17  (if  X(Jvemlji'r  I  ;  with  .N(.V('iiil.('r  0,r.S  of  Dccoinlicr  1.  For  leap  years:  Uclaiii  mily 
o  ,")  of  ,Imiiii\i'y  HI,  cnstinjr  the  otiicr  half  into  I'cliniaiy  ;  willi  rchriinry  iii('lii(l(!  March  I;  will. 
.March  O.'i  of  April  I  ;  with  April  May  I  ;  with  May  0.'.  of  .Iiiiic  1  ;  will.  .Ii'iic  .Inly  1  ;  will.  .Inly 
0  ,".  of  Ailuiist  I  (Icavii.i;  the  oilier  half  to  l.c  coiMitcil  in  will.  .Vii.u'iisl);  with  .~^c|.lcinli(.'r  iiiclinlc  (...". 
iif  Oclol.cr  I  ;  and  with  Novcinl.cr  O,.''.  (»f  Dccciiil.cr  1, 

'    i'l.r  a  furl  her  dcvidopmcnt  of  llicsc  fiiiictioii:<  to  suit  varions  iiiiiiil.crs  of  uliMi'valimi^  in  a  iv  clc, 
.-icc  IT.  S.  CiiaM  Survey  Ut'))oct  for  IS(',2,  Apj[)('U(Ji>(  No.  22, 


:i>  11(1  1,(11.  M    A  I,    111;  >  i:  i;  \    \   r  i  1 1  N 


INI 


'I'lic  ;i\(l';ii,'c  niUVri'iltlltidll  111'   llir  liK-ili   ti  mill  V;itlirr  i>['  ;ili\    ulif  iniuitli   is    •  '.'   .  I, 
illld  lif   llli'  lllnili  ;ililiu;il    tcllIlM  iiitiiic    H)   ,;,       Ac  i  MiililiLT  tu  tllr   ;ilhi\c   f.  .riiiiil;i    thr 

wiiriiu'^t  (lay  is  July  l.")!li,  triMiicriitmv  +  11   .(i.  imil  iliu  ( nld.  «t  il,i\  I'.liniarv   Idili. 
tciiiiicratiin', — V'^  .0.     'I'lic  aiimial  iiuan  triiiiicratmv  i>  rcaclird  uti   \|iiil -.''.M.  ami 

NdM'llllicl-    ]  llji.       Oil     till'    iililnAi'il    (li;in-l'am     llir    (IIIM'    Vr]ilV^i  lit-    ill.'    I  ( .11 ;]  ill  t  (  1 1 

annual  llu'tualinu.  ami  tlir  dnN  llir  iili>ii-\rd  nuaii  iiiiuillilv  lriii|ii  i-alun  >, 

A^^l.\l.  I'l.MTi'An.i.v  i.k  riii:  Timim  uui  ui;  hi   iiii;  Am  at  I'^'ia  1'  iLKUt 

+4.;- 

•1- 
:i4 

:iii 


1- 

1 1 
111 

ii 

+  i; 


111 
II 

IS 


5   ?  "i  ^  f.  2  >.  3  I  1  i  ?  5 
■^  u.  ~.  ",  K  -.  -.  <  f.  ~  K  z  -^ 
(Mi.l.Uu  of  uiiuli  luiiiilli.) 

The  nuindily  vauLT''.  tliat  i<.  tlic  dilt'cvcnrc  of  tlic  liiL;lii'-t  and  lnwist  mean 
li'Miiicvaturc  (if  any  day  (if  the  month,  is  greatest  in  .\()\('inliir  (11  ).  and  Ica-I  in 
July  (lit). 

'I'lic  lowest,  t(Mni)('ratnV('  recorded  (and  eorreeted  for  inde\  errnr)  wa--  — I'l  ,  I  mi 
January  'J">tli,  Isdl.li  .\.  M.,  and  the  ]ii;^lie>t,  teni]iiratnre  reiorded  \\,i-  ■  ('I  .11  mi 
Jidy  ")th,  lN(il,  2  r.  .M.  On  tin'  "Jsili  df  Jul_\.  l^(il.  at,  ('ai>e  Jsal.ella.  in  iie;ii!\  tin' 
sanu'  latitude  as  Port,  l^'oulke.  tlie  teni|ieratui'e  ro-e  to  .  (io  .1)  at  In  A.  M.:  the 
M'ssel  was  then  anioUiT  the  tlo(  ice.'  The  extreme  raiiu'e  ol  temperalnre  lAiierieiicrd 
Mas  therefor(>  lOS  .1  of  Tajirenheit's  scale;  iil  \'aii  Ueiisselaer  llarlior  the  extreme 
rann'c  was  117  .i,  and  at  I'ort  Kenned)-  lOJ  .,s. 

T'he  difference  ill  temperature  of  the  atnio-iiliere  at  I'ort  l-'oiilke  and  \  an  I'eiis-e- 
lacr  Harbor,  due  to  the  cause  stated  in  the  introduction  to  the  nielenroliiL;ieal  part. 


'  'I'lii'  iiiiiiiiiia  tln'riiiiiiiirliTs  (l.'i'.iT  mill  li'i.'I'.i)  wrro  cviio-ril  111. I  liiir  ill  tlir  wiiiiir  (Miinli    l-i)  i.i 
rcciinl  tiic  li)W('.-t  teiiiiirriiliire.     Tin' iiKixiiiia  llii'i'iiiiiiiiitcT-i  ( 17a."i  uml  Ki.'o;  rd'unliil  -l-i'.T  .n  .liiin' 

i-2<\;  luit  tli(.' tw.)  inslniiiinii.-  ililVcrcil  llini   s    in  llirir  iinlii'iiliuiis, 1  tlicir  crMr^  i.l'  jrra.luiiii.iu 

wi'i'c  nut  il.'lrnniii.ii.      \.i,  IC'iT  liruJM'  .Inly  -J.l,  an. I  .\.i.  ITH.'.  \\a~  inn  nail  afl.r  .Inly  I  J.  l-i;l. 


!iS  I*- 


m 


In; 


I!  i.'ct*  i;  h  A  \  i>  I!  i:s  I  I, 'IS  u  !■• 


\M' lia\r  liiiiiiil  Id  licvj  (jii  ilic  ii\ir!ii,fc  tliiiiiiLr  ll"'  }iiir.  In  M;iii  li.  h(il.  I  (r. 
lliiMs  \i>ii(i|  tlic  liiirliur,  ami  rccmdrd  tlic  rcill()\\iii^'  tciiiiicratiu(  >  li\  tluiiiiciiiii  Icr 
NO.  1(1, 


I'-ili  |H  IV  M,         'I'c  iii|M'r:iiuiv  — 17" 


I '.Mil 


.\.  .M. 


I '.Mil  It  I'.  M. 

:!iMli  (;.\,.M. 

•Jdili  II  I'.  .M. 

L'l.-t  C  .\..\I. 

■J  1-1  .v.  Mill 


—  I'll  (III  -nil ) 

—  IS 

— i;ri.:i 
— ii; 


Wiiiil  \. 

Ciiliii 
Wiiiil  N.  I.y  !■: 


.Xplilx  iii;(  till'  corri'didii  Ini'  rnniN  nf  t,'ra(liialinii,  we  dlitaiu  tlir  I'cillnw  ini,' cuiii- 
laiiMiiis  (it'  tciiiiicnitiin'. 


.Miiivl 

I'.ill    I'.illlji... 

— :!(!  .7 

—  If,.;) 

—  n;.  1 

■_)>(.  2 

— :;i.L' 

— J.'i.K 

V.iii  lii'ii--fl;ii.r. 

—  i:;  .1 

-111 

— i'.l'.'.i 

—  iL'.l 
—CI.  I 

—  ii;.  1 

hiir.'ii'iK'i'  ( u    l-'i. 

—  l-J  .7 

—  ir...-i 

—  1  l.i 

;;;j  .) 

-•-'1   1 

1  l'<ili  Id  1*.  .M 

i;mIi    11  !',  .M 

•Jiiili     i;  .\.  .\I 

lilMll     '.1  1".  .M 

•Jlsl     11  .\..M 

:!l-t        .\nnll           .... 

Tlic  avcvaiic  (lili'm'ucc  on  tlicsc  fuiir  day.s  is  'Jd-  nearly,  and  the  i,'ri'atc-t  diji'i  rmcc 
ohscrvcd,  March  "JO,  (J  A.  .M.,  is  Id  I.  \  \'an  llcnssclacr  Ilarlxir  liciiiy;  so  nine  Ii  coldi  r. 
'I'lic  fxrcatcst  (oM  recorded  by  Dr.  Kane  (I'dirnary  .")tli.  IsVI)  was — (id  .l.wlnili 
exceeds  ilie  alio\c  on  Marcli  ",'1  .\.  M..  liy  'J'  only;  the  month  of  .Mai(li  was 
deeiiledly  the  coldest  month  according,'  to  Dr.  Kane's  oliser\ations, 

Durin^i;  the  ahove  four  days  of  comparison  the  wind  at  I'ort  J'onlke  ^^as  N.  1',.  on 
the  averai^-e;   at  \'an  llcnssducr  Harbor  it  was  X. 

J)'niriiiil  Flidliiiil'diii  (if  llir  T<  111^11  rut II II  ll/  //ll  Air. 

'I'akin;,'  monthly  means  of  the  ohserxcd  temjievatnre  at  each  honr  of  the  ilay.  and 
vefiM'rinL,'  the  readin;(s  l»y  thermometers  \o.  7  and  (1.  in  Ndviiidier.  to  thermometer 
No.  ;{  nsed  dnrin;,'  the  second  half  of  that  month,  we  lia\c  the  foilouinn'  lii-hourly 
mean  values  from  which  to  deduce  the  diurnal  lluctnations. 


ilM' 


A.  M.                                         :                                         1".  11. 

:i"      i      4      1       «.     1      S      1     10         X""ii.          2      !      4      '       «            8      I     10           fj"     '  j! 

Hi.pll'lllliiT 

OcicilM.r 

NnvrliiliiT 

Dci'.iiilii'i- 

4-2n.:i.''i  +i;r2i:  +'l\A-2  +'2\.M+2\.1^  +i;'2.l:i  4-'22.4s  -fj-I.:i7  +ur.77  -|-'jf.il"  +'if.C';  +:;n..|-      7 
+,'-1.7:;    +.'-1.711    +.'■,..'17    +11.11    +ii.S4    +7..''i:i    +7.77    +7.71    +7.:iii'  4-7.1111    +,;.is    +.-,.-.7      7 
+2.011   +I.11S   +2.112  +2.711   +2.1IH'  +;t.22    +:i.2i;   +:i.ii4  •4-:i.S7'  +:i..'-i4   +H.42  +24:1     :: 
—ii..'-,.^,  _i(i.4:i_]ii,iii  _]!.:)■.; _ni. 711— 111. i;i;  — io..'ii  _ii.i;ii—io.7>— 10.7:1— n.iiii—in.ii:     4 

.laiin;iiv* 

— 2;!. 47 —2:1.1 1  — 2:1. i::i—22.i;G— 22,42— 22.2:1  —22.>4 —2:1.  IS —2:1. oH —2:i.s:i —2:1.21  —2:1.11       4 

IVliniary 

— 2:l.s2 -24  07  — 22.11.-,— 21.27-21.27— 21. oil  — 2o.ll  —21.20 —21.. ''iii —21.7a —21. ii:i -22.7.-       4 

March 

—22.211— 22.11-— 22. :l'.i  _i;ii.24  — lli..''i.''i  — 17.1IS  — 14.ii4  — l.''i.!Ml  — Is.lo— lii.14— 2ii.4s  — 21.7-      4 

Aliril 

—l;l.(;:i— 14.07  _l2.."in_lo.ii7 —111.02   — S.711    — P.oii   — S.114   — H.Mi  — li^.^i.",  — 12.:ili  — ]2.!i7     1:: 

May 
.liiiii' 
.Inly 

+  ls.:!4+2o,2i; +21.4:1 +2:1.1:2+21.4:1 +24.112  +24.i;o +24.:i.-, +24.oo +22.11I +2o.i;l  +l,i.l-     !:i 

+;io.7s  +;i2.;io  +:!:i.a-,4.:;:v>..-  +:;.-,. 1,7  +:i.'-,.7-  +:ii;..'ii  +:;r,.-s  +;i.-,,i.a  +:ii.ii.s  +:i-j..-,7  +:ii  .•,-    1:1 
+;i:i.:;7  +:iii.7n  +40.21  +42.22  +4:i.:i:i  +42.!i-  +44.7-  +44.r,l  +4:1.1-  +42.14  +41.i;:i  +,i'.i.h;    1:1 

M  i:  r  i: '•  i;  II  i.ui,  I  (   \  I,  u  r.  >  i,  i;  \  \  r  i  n  \ 


I"'! 


Till'  iiIm.vc  ti-nn-.  \\,  IV  ii.At  ivtrnvil  \n  siiiiiil.inl  lli.  nncin,  In-  N,..  :;.  ;ii;,l  lunii,  f 
cunvcii  (I  |n|-  ctli  (I  .il   iiiiiiii.il  1 1 u'c,     'I'll,   iliiiniiil  .If,  1 1  ,,|'  ilii>  I  li.iiii.'.'  u;i>  fniii- 

|Mll(ll    1)_\    llic   invcrdiliu'   I'linillll.i    r.if    /'.   ,iImI   \\ir  il  iil_\    il|civ;is,.  ,,1'   t.  III[m  iMtlllv   |ni||ii| 

iix  tulliiw  >  ; — 


•  lllllllMI'V     .              , 

II  .'j^ 

l''i'liriiMr\  . 

_-IM|-J 

■MlllTll 

.     +ii.:;'.i 

April 

.        fi'TT 

Mnv 

1  II  7-* 

■Immi'         , 

-t-ii.;;>» 

.Inly 

Anu'ii-l  . 
Si'|iii  iii'm  r 
IIi'ImI,,  r 

N'.ni  iM>i<  r 

Itrcliil.,  I' 


—  II    III 

-  11  ;;i; 
_  II  ;■! 

_U.  Ill 

~li.lli 


Cur  till'  lllidillr  III'  r;i(  li  liMHitli,  W  itlinlll  ivnuni  til  Mn.i,_  nil,  .|i;iir  nl'  ll|.„  ,|l|:ilit  il  1,'s 
"ill  '"•  till'  ciiinTli,!!!  r,ir  0  A.  M.  ;iii,l  I'.'l",  \1.;  nt  ii,.,iii  lli,  iv  i>,  ,,1'  ,  ,,iir-r.  ii,i 
riinTcli,iii.  ami   Inr  tlir   ini,  riii,ili;itf  liniii'^  lli,'  ( uriT,  ii,iii    i>  |ii'ii|iiiiii,iii.i|   t,,  ilir 

iiilii'Mil    I'miii   I II  ;   ill,'  A.  M.  all,!    I'.  M.  (■,inv('iiiin>   ai    lli,'   -.mi,    Ikhii-^  ar,'   ila- 

saiiir.  liiit  willi  >i^-ii>  rc\, '!•>,, I,  \ii  ,'\aiiiiiialinii  (irilir  ili:inial  tlmiiialinii  in  .Inh. 
Aii;.'ii>t,  and  S,'|i|riiil),  r.  ;ii  \  an  i;,'ns>,'la,'r  I  larlmr  and  at  l',iil  l\,'nii,',l\.  ^lii,\\> 
lllllt  till'  Ail^il'>l  Naiiir  i>  i|iiil,'  Will  ii'|irrM'iilid  1,\  a  lii-jii  ,,t'  tin  .lii|\  aial  S,  |it,  m- 
lii'i'  ^aliii'N ;  ill,'  An^n^t,  \aln,'  l',ir  I'oit  Imilk,'  ha-,  ciumhh, 'litis  In,  ii  iiii,  iin/Liii  d 
li_\    III, 'ails  ,it'  ill,    t\\,i  adjai  I'lit  lnnnlli>, 


1  >illl'll:il   lllli'lllill  i'lii  III'   lli.    I    lii|ii'l':ili|l  1 

(('orri'i't,'.!  fur  crrurs  (if  iir.nlii.iliiiti  ,if  tliiTiiiiiiii.'l.Ti',  ;it,.|  fur  ,'lliv't  ,'f  ammal  I'liaiii-'i'.) 

.M'<Mtl> 

A.  M.                                   1                                   1     M. 

:;            i          .;          -         III        >     .         -J          .1          .;          -         im         i: 

. 

.l.'iini.'ii'v     . 

.   -:;r,.i;7 -'J>;.'J7 —:;■;. M  — 'J.-.wI  -:::.. -47  -'J.viiI-'J.-.-i.'-l'ii.'JI  -::i;,i.ii  _-:,  m-J'I.Ii:  -vj'I 

I'Vl,,  11:11  V  . 

.    -L'.:.:,';  — :!7.-J:'.  — ::i;,i'l  — UI.2I  — J4.JI  — 'Jl.i'l  — JJ.l''.'  — :;i.U  — ;:i.."..i  — -^1.7-  — i:-l.ii<'  -  ::..7- 

.M,',i,'l, 

.    -■::•. \4  — jr.. !"i—:;.-i.;;i'— 2:1. ,i4—jj.:i4— j,m;i'.— 17.11:!— i*..'.l  — -jn.*;,  _;;;.m  _u:;.'.|  -:i.;i 

.\|Mil        .        . 

.    —l::. 71 —11.1 1:;.',,"— U.:i ln.eii    — !i..'.,;    — ».7'i    _|,,-.;  _lii.il.; -11. iT, —l;i,:i| —1, 1.-7 

M.'iv       .      . 

.   +:;o.J-  +:;:;.  1-  4-:;;t.:i:;  ■^■::,.;>i>  +-y:/^:  4-::,i.7'J  +'y,:x\  +-i':.ii\  +\i:,.:.>  4-:;:!.,;7  +'J1  i">  4--".Ti 

.IllllH          .         . 

.    f  :iJ.-Ji  4-:i:t.7-  +:;-l.i;-l  +:).''.. I>  +:'.i;.;'.i'  -f  ;;i;.>J  4.:i7.4ii  -f  .'in.s.-.  +:!i;.::;(  4-:!.-..::i  +:;.;.-.•.  +:iJ.-' 

.Iiilv      .     . 

.    -f:;:).-J«  -|-:i'.i...i.  .|-4ii.|.-.  -f4l,i;» -f-4:;..'- 4-4-J.:;iH  4:'..'> -f  4  :;.4.'.  -I-4-J.4I  -t-41.i;i:  4-41.:;.'.  +:v.i.\2 

(AllL-ll-tl      . 

.    +:;m..-,«  +:iii.'.i-  -fni.^l  <-::;;. 1 1  +:'.-'■•■■:'  -f  :f::.7:i  4-'i:i.':i  +:ii.4i:  4-';-J.'::'  4-:;'J.'j:;  -f:n. '.■:■.  -f.;,.,.;.' 

Si-pti'llllnT 

.  +'-:i-7'.'  4-:;^-i-  +-2-:.:^-^  +-z-:.:a  +-2-:-i'  +\::\.\\'  +\<:i.:^\  +-s.:m  ■^■^z.--;  +:j:i.7:i  +-sz.-f:  -f'^i'  - 

ll.'tlll.ll-     . 

.     4-ii.'ii;   4-i;a;i;  +,1.47  +7.i'.'   4-"-^l   +>'.-'^   +'.•<"  +^.77   +*.iii  +^.'S:  4-7.:ii   4  7. "7 

.\nV..|Mli.T 

.     4-i-!'ii   -f-i.^r.   4-'j.s':  4-i:.7;'.   +'J.!'.''.   4-:i.'-'^  +-^-''   -f.'t.T"   4-:i.!i7  +:t.'-   4.:(.r.-    4  J.." 

|ii.,-,.|uli.'r 

.    --11..'-,.;— l'J.-4  -M.i.i.— l,;.4l  —  1  J.7';  —  l-.iM  —  I'-.-l'  -1  l.:.(i  —  rj.i::.  —  i:;..'7      1  --^      H,-  ' 

It'  \\('  Mllitl'act  t'niin  carh  \alil,'  tll,'  v,''-lirrti\'('  DHHltlily  mean,  ill,'  li-idilaU  \\ill 
I'ciii'rM'iit  tlir  ilini'iial  tlial  nal  i,in  |'i'<i|trr.  a  +  --il.;'!!  indi,'al,'-'  liiulni'.  a  —  ^iiin  law  r 
tfiii|i,'ratnr,'  tliaii  lli,'  niraii  ,)!'  llir  day.  'I'lic  la^t  twn  iim  ••  --li.iw  tin  ,liii[n;il 
llnctiialion  I'm'  \  uu  Id  ii-^cj-ivi'  and  I'mt  Kciini'dN  l',ir  ((iinpaii-nn. 


■Hi 


«lt 


?  i  ■"  ■ 


|s| 


I!  i:ru  i;  n    \  \  n  i;  i:.- 1  i.i  .>  or 


M  mil 

A.  .M. 

1.. 

.V.-u. 

-i 

1'. 

.M. 

,..„ 

.J., 

4 

il       I       H 

4 

II 

N 

10 

.l.ttiii.irv     •     • 

-ii'.m 

-i>\-:.\ 

— 11  ,"h  4-ti'.i'.i 

4.11  ,M 

4-0  •711 

4-OM7 

-0,1. 

—11. ml 

4-0  .111 

-0  ,11) 

— O'.l.j 

I'.lTiiiiry  .     , 

-J.Ml 

-•J.  as 

—  1.1"! 

•fo.74 

4-0.74 

fo.;.4 

■f  l.tm 

4-0.-1 

(  0.  tJ 

+«.-:i 

-f-o.:i.'i 

—  O.MI 

.M.ir.li    .     .     . 

—  J.  711 

-;i.4ii 

— l!.»il 

— O.iirl 

4-0,1(1 

4-1. 7'« 

4-r..4i 

■f-M.ll.l 

4-1.,',.'. 

4-0.40 

-1,07 

— U..'.J 

.\|'ill     .     .     . 

-\.:>:i 

-J.»:l 

—  1.I-. 

fo.i.T 
•i-1,4.'. 

-f-0.k!l 

4- J. Ill 

4-J.i':' 

4-1. -11 

.4.O.',., 

4-0.10 

-L.'.il 

— J.l'J 

.Miiv      .     ,     . 

-.1.77 

—  1.X7 

-0.72 

4'J.':u 

4-a.ii7 

4-2.> 

4-1.11'. 

f  1..'.:) 

— o,;|.. 

-•J.07 

-D.Dl 

•Ill  MM       .       «       . 

-U.711 

-l.;):l 

-0.47 

4.11.117 

4-1.1:1 

4-1.71 

4-:.i:i 

4-1. 7-« 

+  1.11 

4-0.10 

-l.D.I 

.hlly      ,     .     . 

— i.t'l 

— l.lll) 

-l.:i4i --0.111 

4-1.0:1 

4-0.77 

fj.iii 

4-1. ml 

4.0.11,-, 

4-0.17 

—0.14 

-•J.07 

.\llL.M|-t              .          . 

-1.47 

-1.1:1 

— 0.h4  1  -  -li.lMI 

4-0.  .'.4 

4  o.ii-* 

4-1..-.': 

+  1.41 

4o..i4 

4-o.l-< 

-0.1  ■: 

-1.4:. 

>.'|.li'llll.iT         , 

— M.M 

-11.47 

_-(i,2«    — ii.im; 

+  0.I11 

4-0..V. 

4-ii.ii| 

•f  o,-:i 

•fii.-J7 

4-11.1  I 

-O.lN 

—  O.lfJ 

ii.liil.ir      ,     , 

— I.IIH 

— n,ii<« 

—  1.17    -o..''i 

4-0.17 

4-o.>'ii 

4-1. Ill 

4-1.1.1 

4-0.71! 

4o..-.- 

— o.:)ii 

— o..'.; 

.N'livi'iiil'i.r      . 

-l.lil 

— 1.1- 

— o,;>|    — ii.ilii 

— O.IM 

4-o.li> 

+«.■:<: 

4-0.117 

4-0.114 

4-0.114 

4-o.r.,-. 

-o.;i4 

IIi'.cIIiIhT  .       ■ 

-fo.ii. 

— o.:i(i 

_ii.4i)    — 0,h7 

—ti.ii 

— O.Oli 

-fO.Oli 

4-1.04 

—0.11 

— 0,11:1 

— O.llll 

4-0.11.-. 

S|.riiiu'  .     ,     . 

'2,^2 

— 'J..'p:i 

-I..";-    -f-ii.41 

41.07 

4-'J.':i 

4-:i.:„; 

4-:.. -.11 

4-1.1:11 

4.,i.„4 

— 1..-.7 

l^.i;,' 

.*^iiiiiiiit.r     .     . 

— J.ii'l 

-l.MX 

— o.s^    -f  11.11 

■fii..,;. 

4- 1.0.-, 

4-i:.'-l 

-1.70 

-f  o,;.i. 

4-0.1.-. 

-o.,-,l 

— i.m 

\iitiiiiiii     .     . 

-1.01 

— ll.hN 

— o.f.r)  — o.;u 

4-11,01) 

4-o..',i; 

40.7s 

-f-o,i!il 

4-0.4.'. 

-f-o.oj 

-0.111 

Willl.T         .       . 

— ii..'iii 

— ii.m 

—11,77   -fi'.".-, 

4.o,;)i; 

4.0,.',,', 

4-0.7.) 

4-o..',i) 

4-O.OH 

4-o.ia 

—0.1.1 

— o,t.ii 

r.  K    \.iit  . 

--l.'ll 

—1.4.'. 

-ii.:il 

4  ii.m; 
-fo.17 

4-o,{;(i 

4-1. MM 

-H.M 

41.77 
4.I.IM1 

-f-l.-l:l 
4-1.40 

-fo.7:l 
4.0.7:1 

4-0.111 
—0.1 11 

— l.OJ 

—  l.ir: 
-1.114 

V.  I!.    Yi'iir   . 

-I.7-* 

— i.fi.'i 

— O.'.IO 

4-1.011 

r.  K.     V.';ir   . 

-1.^7 

— i..'iii 

— o.-o    -fn.'J.'p 

4-l..'o 

4-'J.i'.- 

+  -i.vl 

4-1.1)4 

4-0.-1 

— o.r.o 

-1.11) 

— 1.'"7 

'I'lic  ililiniiil  \;irilltiiill.  cm  tlir  iiMl'lii;.'  (ImillLi:  a  \t:il'.  il-^  (Ictlurid  li.r  I'l.lt  lulillvc 
iiiul  Null  licii^^rliicr  I  liirlidi',  sImiw-  a  itiikiiK.iIiIc  a(  rdidaiicc  Ini'  tin --r  lll(■llliti^^ ; 
llir  ViiiiLic  111  till'  Inrii  r  |i|;icc  is  11  liitlc  Miialli  T  tliiiii  at  till'  l.ilti  r.  \i/:  :!  .'A'^  ami 
:i  .(i|,  wlliill  i>  rlllc  >  ■  ilic  niuali/in;,'  ctrrct  nt'  n|P(li  \\;itrr.  'I'llr  Walllirst  ainl 
culdrst  i.lix  i\iny  liniirs  ai'i'  '.'  I'.  M.  and  ".'  \.  M.  'i'lir  r;iiii;('  iit,  I'mt  Kiinicd)  i^  a 
little  ;,'rrat('r  tlliill  tllr  aliiiNc,  I  .  I  '.'.  oil  arciilllil  nt'  il>  >inalltl'  l;ilillldr.  'I'lir  --lirilit:'. 
Miiiiiiiii',  aiitiiiiiii.  and  wiiitrr  iaii;,'(s  at  I'mt  luiilkc  vxrc  as  i(illii\\>:  li  .:'.^.  I  .Ol, 
I  .N!),  and  I  .(il,  vc^iiri  ti\(!y.  In  llir  iimnlli  ut'  UririiilMi'.  wlnn  the  >H\i  i>  nm-l 
(l('|ins>rd  l.iliiw  till'  liDi'l/Dii,  tlir  diiii'iial  \ariiitiim  lirdniic^  Ics.s  rcyiilar.  and 
ainiiiMi  Ills  Inwards  \ani>liiii;^'  alli.yrtliir. 

Ann  mil  lin  'iiuii'il  if  I'f  llu    llinnnil   !■' I  m!  iniliiui  nf  lln     T>  iii/n  fti/ ii/'r. 

'I'lic  annual  in((|Uality  i>  lii'--t  csliihit.'d  liy  tin'  innntliix  ninni  \;iliii'snt'  llir  dininid 
ran;,'!';  tlirsc  Nalius  li.r  I'oit  I'luilKr.  \  an  liciissilai  i'  llmliui',  and  I'mt  KcnnrdN, 
ai'i'  as  (nlluws  ;  — 


Itiiilv 

I'MlliJ'.'  .1 

|.Ml|.il'lll  HIT. 

r..rt  Vimlki'. 

V.in  U.        1' 

•rt  K.'ii. 

I'iiitl''..ulki.. 

VMM  K. 

I   I'lirt  K.Mt. 

.llllllllM'V, 

1     ii; 

1    ..'..". 

Ill 

.lolv, 

\\-2i;       ' 

If  ■.1)7 

1     f.".li7 

KrliniiO'v . 

I.JI 

11.07 

1111 

.\ll'J'll,-l. 

;i,o;i      1 

.'..:iii 

•-'.(111 

.Maivli, 

X.S7 

."i.tlii 

'.)..-|.'i 

Scpli'llllll'l', 

l.Sll 

....... 

•-'.111 

April, 

0.4-2 

'.1.011 

7.4:> 

Ocliilicl'. 

■-'.•-') 

1.117 

1'.  1  s 

Miiv, 

(i.44 

7.1;  I 

7.114 

N'..vciiil..i'. 

\.:,r, 

l.liil 

■2.\- 

.1 

4.!i'.l 

.•..10 

li.ilii 

!>ic.'iiil"  r. 

0. 1  .s 

1  (I.-. 

(1  -  1 

This  tiililc  cxliiliits  iniii'c  strikiiiLily  tlir  diU'cnncc  in  the  cliiuat.'  nC  the  twn  lucali- 
tii's  which  at  I'nrt  Wnulkc  is  the  nuu'c  ciiiialilc.  'To  (ilitain  the  Ndvciiilic"  and 
Dcccnilii'i'  rani,'!',  which  is  inaikcd  li_\  the  accidintal  incLridaritii  s  i.l'  the  trin|M'i'a- 
tiirc  an  aNcraijc  \aliir  inar  tln'  hniirs  nl'  niaxiina  and  ininiiiia  has  Ik  in  used. 


114 1- 


M  i:ti:i)  i:  •»  i.nii  n  a  i.  u  r.  - 1:  i;  v  \  r  i  n  \ 


: 

II. 

I'l 

■-. 

'■ 

;i. 

'7 

?. 

II, 

(1. 
II. 

I'l 

II, 

III 

-II 

I'l; 

-1 

;;:: 

-1 

i;i 

-1 

^  , 

Ki 


A>M*1.  lM..4l'.VLirt 


Ar  I'oiir  t'lM  Lki. 


-    '   Jl    ~JS    3    =  3  .y  .Jr  -J  i    3 


Tlio  (liiily  rnn^'c  is  },Mvntcsf,  in  s|iriii;r.  in  Munli  it,  iittiiins  It.  iii:i\iMiiiin  \:ilii.', 
Ilicii  falling'  11  little  aiiil  lisjii;,'  ii-,';!!!!  in  Maj,  it  »liniini>lirs  till  DctrniiuT,  \\\u\\  il 
ivaclics  iu  niiiiiiiinm  value  Tlir  j,'r(al  rix'  in  sprin;,'  is  due  (o  tlir  iinnH'diatc  ili;  d 
of  till'  sun  /«_/;>/•(■  it  lias  jiowrr  cnoiif,'!!  to  lutlt  a  MilHiiint  (inantity  of  ice  to  <  licfk 
it.     The  small  (l('i»ri's>i(m  of  tiic  cuixc,  in  tin'  sinin^'  ami  carl}  snniim  v.  ami  -Imun 

by  the  tlircc  localities  (lis(ii>se(l,  is  luo-t  likely  ilue  to  the  inenaMii;,'  \ai)or.    A  i ■>■ 

full  material  for  (lisen^ion  would  jirolialily  Inini;  out  u  -.mall  im  naM'  in  the  ranu'e 
late  in  .summer  or  early  in  autumn,  at  a  time  win  ii  the  (Vei  /in;,'  iiroeos  a;,'ain  <  cmiei 
into  jiowerful  action.     Of  such  an  increase  we  have  at  pn  ^eiit  onl)  a  trace. 

In  the  following'  expression  of  the  diurnal  llnctuation  duriii;,'  tlie  whole  v  ar,  the 
iiiii,de  0  founts  from  midni^dit  at  the  rate  of  l.V^  an  hour.  To  this  e\itre>>ion  those 
for  the  other  localities  were  ndded  for  comparison. 

Port  rcnilkc,  /  =  +  l'..-,7  «;•„  (g  -f  '.>;i,V  S')  +  U"."!-'  "in  (•>')  +  lO.'i'')  +  ft*.  11  niii  (.1')  4  lis) 
Vim  Ki'ii.s.-elaer,  I  =>  +  1.85  xin  (o  +  211  fi.")  )  -f-  O.OS  ^//i  (-10  +  !t7  )  +  (t.o;i  di/i  (W)  H  ;;iiv  ) 
I'oi't  Knmcily,  I  =  +  2. 0-2  sin  (■>  +  2,'i2  57  )  +  0.25  nn  {■>■)  +117  )  |  (i.d'.i  ci/i  [■'>■•  +  ^■<\  ) 
The  probable  error  of  any  sin^^de  representation,  for  I'mt  ronlke.  is  -*()".( is. 

DirnNAi,  I'l.ri  Tr.\Ti'>'    •ktiii:  Thii'iuatiiu:.     Mk.v.s  .\n.m  ai.  Vamr. 

I  I  I  I  ri"rrT 


+23 
1 
0 
1 


I    I    I    I    I    I    I    1    1    I    I    I    i  T 


I    I    I    I    I    I    I    I    I 


'    I    I    I    '    I    I    I    I    I    I    I 


0" 


6        8 


111 


S       li>      12" 


Acrordinj]:  to  tho  formula  the  temper.ntnre  rises  till  '2^  P.  ^l.,  when  it  attains  its 
proatost  value;  it  reaches  its  lowest  value  at  '.'^  A.  ^L,  and  its  average  valiu  ■diout 
H  A.  INI.  and  8  P.  "SI. 

24      November,  1805. 


II    i 


. in''-  * 

ii 


K 


I 


I:      ■    '■ 


ISC, 


i;  i:co  111)  A  \  I)  I!  ]:s  |-  i.ts  o  r 


Sii/ijiii-"  <l  l)i [K  itilt.iici  of  llti    Wlnltr  'fi  iii/in'<i/iin  on  lln  Luiaii'  P/kisih, 

'I'lic  siipjxiscd  lower  tcnipcriitinv  about  tlic  time  of  full  nioou  uhcu  cominucil 
willi  that  iiljout  ucw  iiioiiu,  duriiii,'  luid-'.viiitcr.  noticed  liy  some  Arctic  explorers, 
iuid  wliich  received  conliriuation  from  ()l)ser\ati(Uis  duriufjf  two  winters  at  \'an 
liensselaer  Harbor,  and  partial  contirmation  from  ol)servations  durini^  two  winters 
ill  IJallin  Bay  and  at  Port  Kennedy,  is  not  sustained  by  the  observaticms  at  l*ort 
{•"onlke,  as  may  be  seen  from  tin;  followinj^  collection  of  mean  daily  temperatures, 
each  the  mean  of  five  days,  two  of  which  precede  and  two  of  which  follow  the  lunar 
phase;  to  allow  for  the  annual  change  of  temperature  the  ulti  rnalc  means  an;  set 
out.  These  alternate  mean  temperatures,  and  the  observed  temperatures,  are  tiien 
compared  by  subtractinjj;  tlie  temiu'rature  at  tlie  new  moon  from  that  at  full  moon; 
a  nej,'ative  sign  indicates  greater  cold  at  full  than  at  new  moon. 


Olisurvoil 

Altunii-ito 

DillVri'iirn 

tcmpuraUiru. 

uivaiis. 

o— C 

O   OcloliiT       ill,  IfSCd 

—0^7 

C    Nuvcmbcr  1:5,     "            ..... 

+  4.r> 

+  S=.l 

+  :r.ii 

O    .Nnvi'llll)cr  '.'S,      "                

+  u.^^ 

—7.2 

+  21.7 

0    HfiM'iiilicr  12,     "            

—  llt.ll 

—0.2 

+  1S.S 

O  I>ficiMl)ei-  is,     "            

—  Is.o 

—  is.l 

+  0.1 

C    .liuiiiary      11,  18(ll 

—  17. s 

0;>   2 

— y.l 

O  .lamiiiry      2(1,     "             ..... 

— 2.s.r, 

—21.7 

i;.M 

C    !'"rliiMiiuy      i),     "             

— 2.V7 

— 2I..S 

+  0.1) 

O    Frliniiiry    2."),     "             ..... 

—21.2 

—21.0 

+  0.1 

C    .Mnrcli         11,     "             

—  ll.C. 

—21.2 

—;!.(', 

O   -Miircli         2ii,     "             

_21.:i 

—  17.!) 

— :;.! 

O    April           1(1,     "             

_l.s.2 

— i:i.S 

+  1.1 

O  April           21,     "             

— (i.2 

+  5.1 

—11. .j 

C    -May              0,     "             

+  2S.I 

If  wo  take  the  differences  from  the  middle  of  I)(>ccmber  to  the  end  of  ^larch, 
the  temperature  would  a])pear  2°.5  colder  at  full  than  at  new  moon ;  tlio  liigh  tem- 
perature about  November  'iS,  and  the  low  temperature  about  December  \'2,  how- 
ever, are  such  strong  contradictions  to  the  supposed  law,  as  to  deprive  the  results 
collected  by  the  expedition  of  any  di'cisive  value.  About  November  28,  the  pre- 
vailing wind  was  S.  AV\,  charged  with  heat  and  vai)or  from  tho  open  water  si>accs 
of  North  Baffin  Bay;  about  Decemlxn-  I'i,  the  prevailing  wind  was  N.  E.  Neither 
I'ort  Foulki,"  nor  Port  Kennedy  arc  favorably  situated  for  the  experimental  study 
of  the  phenomenon.. 

lidation  of  tlw  Atmoffplurh'  Ti injientturr  tu  the  Dinclian  of  the  Wind. 

The  m(;thod  pursued  to  ascertain  the  elevating  or  the  depressing  influence  of  tin; 
various  winds  on  the  t(>miiorature  of  the  air,  is  as  follows :  Tho  average  daily  tem- 
peratm'e  for  each  day  of  the  year  was  computed  by  means  of  tho  expression  for  7', 
this  was  readily  done  by  the  use  of  tho  fornuda  for  a  nund)er  of  etpii-distant  inter- 
vals, and  by  tho  api)lication  of  tho  ])rinciple  of  interpolation  "  into  the  nnddle" 
(which  secures  the  proper  value  to  third  differences  inclusive).  The  previously  used 
correction  for  gradiuition  of  thermometers  was  ni'xt  applied     illi  fiija  iro  r.'nil  so  as 


M  i:  T  i;(i  i;  I)  i,(m;  I  {■  .\  i. 


i;  i;  V  A  T  Id  \ 


]^1 


t(i  ii:\\r  lllr  (l;iil\  imnilal  Vi'iidiliLr  I 


oliscvvcd.     J-'(iv  tlic  lidiirs  s  A.  M.  ;ni(l  s  1'.  M.  tl 


ur  ((ll|ll);iriMlll    wilh    ill;.  ;|,Il|;|l    lT;|(lillLr    Mil    tllllt     (1; 


n>  (■nlii|i;il-is(ill   is  >tli(l   siiHc  till' 


iinilKiriMiiis  II 


f  •-'  A.  M.  :iim1 


a  1. 


(liuniiil  lliictuation  at  tlicsc  lunivs  is  nil;  but  tor  tlir  c 

1".  M.  11  new  set  ot'talilcs  of  iioniial  tciiiprraturcs  wcjc  (■(iiistnutni  iiy  iipiihum  tiir 
correction  for  iiiaxiinuiu  diurnal  liuctuation  at  tlioc  hours  to  our  lirst  tahli'  of  nor- 
mals, AVc  thus  liavc  four  coniparisoiis,  at  iMiual  intervals,  four  oliMr\alinns  rai  h 
day;  tlu'sc  differences  of  teniju'rature  were  tahulatid  and  inserted  in  the  iiro|ier 
cohuun  for  the  direction  of  the  wind  then  (d)served.  'I'hrre  were  nine  sm  h  .  olininis. 
one  for  (-aeli  of  tlu'  ei^dit  iirincipal  directions  and  one  for  caliiis.  'ihr  mean  ditfi  r- 
ence  for  each  wind,  for  a  period  ext-ndin;,'  over  a  season.  \ery  nearly  indicates  the 

elevatin,!,'  or  (k'pressin-j;  iulluence  of  each  wind.     A  +  si--ii  indicates  warnwr,  a 

si<,'n  colder  temperature  tlian  the  normal.  .\n  cMeusion  of  this  investii,'ation  to 
tv/elve  liours  a  day  wouhl  only  add  to  the  labor  without  materially  ati'i  itiiii;  the 
result.  15y  the  process  adopted  the  influence  of  tlie  wind  will  lie  fomid  inde],ondent 
of  the  annual  and  diurnal  fluctuation  of  temi)eratur(\  and  iiny  iios-iMe  teiidi  ncv  of 
the  wind  to  blow  from  a  certain  direction  at  the  same  time  each  dav  can  lie  taken 
into  account. 

The  results  for  the  hours  '2  A.Al..  s  A.  M..  -J  1'.  :\r..  and  s  T.  M..  do  not  mate- 
rially differ;   tlius  for  th<^  N.  I-'.,  wind  we  find  at  these  liours  — 1   .|i, -J  .1. 1   .7. 

and  — 1°.S  respectively,  and  for  the  warnu'r  S.  ^^'.  wind  at  tlie  same  hour-.  +'J  .(i, 
+  (^.5,  +r.(),  and  +(")'.  I. 

As  there  in-c  but  few  entries  of  winds  from  the  north,  east,  soutli.  west,  and  imrtli- 
west.  the  results  were  contracti'd  in  two  means,  one  for  the  winter  half  of  the  \rar 
(()cfol)er  to  March  inclusive),  the  otlu'r  for  the  summer  half  (April  to  Sr|itiiuber 
inclusive).  The  blanks  in  the  table  indicate  too  few  oiiserxations  to  ;,dve  anv 
reliable  result;   numbers  between  l)rackets  are  of  little  value. 


Klevatiiifr  (+)  ur  drjirrssiiiL'  (— )  clVri't  of  tlic  wimls  on  lln'  tiiii|irraliirr  ..f  ilic  ;iii-. 


A- 

N.R     1      . 

S.  E. 

H. 

Wiiilrr  liair.vrar    . 

SniiiiiuT 

Vl'iu'      .     . 

—0.2 

+  1.;! 

— P.(l  1   -- 
—2.2    1  -  - 
—  1,;)   '— 1 

-  -    — (i.;j 
.1      +12.1 

')        -   .    .    .   _ 

XllMlllI'!'    of    CMtrifS 

oil 

r,;;T     ■     7 

la 

1 

s.  w. 


w. 


.\.  w. 


e,-ilm. 


—  1.1      ,   +:i.ii" 

)      +I.L'     (4-li-.s)(_()0,;;)     _,|  :; 


II 


■■;7i 


The  northeast  and  east  winds  an-  cold  winds,  the  -outheast.  south,  southwest, 
(and  prolial)ly  west  also)  are  warm  winds ;  calms  depress  the  tem|ierature.  'i'he 
northeast  wind  is  cold  all  the  year  round,  and  the  southwest  is  warm,  parlicidarly  in 
the  winter;  durinii;  winter  calms  are  accom])anied  liy  a  lower  tem))erature ;  durintj 
suninu'V  by  a  liiyli  temi)erature,  in  opposition  to  the  winds.  The  distribution  of 
the  'vinds  is  very  irreijular;  tlie  i)revailin;.;  wind,  nortiuasi,  blows  lon^'er  than  all 
the  otiier  winds  together,  in  wliich  time  that  of  tlu^  calms  may  also  be  iniludrd. 

If  we  take  for  the  effect  of  soutli  and  west  winds  the  mean  of  the  effrct  ol'  thr 
adjacent  winds,  and  subtract  (I  ,0  from  all  numbers,  we  lind  the  \alues  Lri\en  briow. 


il 


188 


11  ECO  III)    AND    UESULT.S   OK 


True  dircitiou  of 
wind, 

I'ort  Koiilke 

,f  =  7S-  IS' 
X=73    (10 

Van  U(■n.^s^•In«r 

.{.  =  7S-';n' 
\  =  7u    1)3 

N. 

+  0'-'.S 

—  10.4 

N.  K. 

—•2A 

0.0 

]•;. 

—  l.fi 

—0.1 

S.  E. 

+  1,9 

+  0.0 

s, 

+  1.3 

+  0.C 

S.  AV. 

+  0.7 

+  0.4 

^y. 

—0.1 

+  0,1 

N.  \Y. 

—0. 8 

—  1.4 

We  liiivc,  tlicrcf'orc,  for  comparison  the  followiiiff  oxpvcssions' : — 

i'ui't  Foiilkc         .         .         .         .■!■=  +  1°.2  ii/i  (0  +  'ill)')  +  10.2  sin  {-29  +  12(1') 

Vail  lU'ii.ssL'lncr  lIiirlMir      .         .   r  =  +    1.0  fiin  {o  +  isc,  )  +  0.3  nin  (29  +  :V'>:>  ) 

ISiilliii  Hay  (t  =  720..-I,  ^  =  (;.-,-.,s)  t  =  +    l,.j  sin  (o  +  liliS  )  +  0.8  -fin  (20  +  17:5  ) 

J'ort  Kfiiufily                        .         .   r  =  +   0.9  sin  (o  +  :!20  )  +  0.4  sin  {20  +    2(1  ) 

Tlio  angle  0  counts  iroui  the  north  (or  belongs  to  a  true  north  wind)  in  the 
direction  east,  south,  etc. 

Eficf  (if  a  fall  of  Snoir  {or  Uain)  on  the  Tonjirrahnr. 

The  effect  produced  by  the  change  of  Litent  into  sensible  lieiit.  during  tlie  ])re- 
ripitation  of  snow  (or  rain),  is  far  greater  than  tlie  effect  of  tin,'  variation  in  tlie 
direction  of  the  Avinds. 

At  Port  Foidke  it  snowed  on  iU  days  in  ili  n  it  nlonth^? ;  the  total  nund)er  of 
hours  of  precipitation  during  this  time  was  (iod.  It  rained  on  l.j  days  in  June,  and 
July,  and  Novemlxu";  total  niunber  of  hours  70.  Tiiis  is  considerably  more  snow 
and  rain  than  at  Van  llensselaer  Harbor,  where  Dr.  Kane  noted  snow  (hn'ing  (iSO 
liours,  and  rain  during  GO  hours,  in  scnnta.it  months.  The  snowy  and  rainy  days 
are  distributed  over  the  year  as  follows : — 


III  September     . 
"  October 

.       G 
,     10 

"  Xovoiiil)or 

.     12 

"   Decoiiibc'i' 

4 

"  January 
"  Fobruarv 

8 
7 

In  Maivli  . 
"  .Vpril  . 
"  .May 

"   JllllO 

"  Jiilv     . 


8 
8 
9 

k; 
l:{ 


The  (h'va(i)Hj  effect  on  tlie  v'tnlrr  tempc>raturc  is  as  decidedly  brought  out  as  the 
<h;premnij  effect  on  the  siainmr  temperature;  tlu;  former,  however,  is  six  times  as 
great  as  the  latter.  If  we  compare  the  observed  temperature  (at  the  hoxu's  2  A.  M. 
and  1'.  M.,  and  8  A.  ^I.  and  1'.  !M.)  with  the  corresponding  normal  temperature 
during  each  fall  of  snow  (or  rain)  according  to  the  method  ])ursued  in  the  preceding 
investigation,  we  find  from  85  cases  in  the  winter  half  of  the  y(>ar  (October  to 
^larch  inclusive)  the  eh-vating  effect  on  the  average  =  8°.(),  and  fronr  80  cases  in 
the  summer  Inilf  of  the  year  (April  to  Sei)t(Mnber)  the  depressing  effect  on  the 
average  1°.5;  dm-ing  the  whole  jieriod,  therefore  (in  11  months),  the  average  effect 
was  +3.°5;  at  ^'an  Rensselaer  Harbor  the  corresponding  quantity  was  +7°. 7. 


«  See  \\.  oO  of  rcilncli'.i  of  Sir  V.  L.  McClinloikV  MlU 


I'rical  Obscrvutioiis. 


M  i:t  1:0  i;  o  L(t(i  r  c.  I,  o  p,  .<  |.;  la  .\  r  1  o  n  s 


lyi 


Tlic  inaxiiimin  clcNatini:  rl'Vct  in  wiiitrv  iuumiiitcil  to  :{(>  (NuM'tiiln  r  '.'>,  l^(iO), 
and  tlic  iiiaximimi  (lri)V(N>iii:;  clt'cct  in  -uiiiniiT  to  IT  (,[iii\  •.'.").  lsi;i). 

This  aniuiiil  variation  is  well  >li(i\vn  in  tlic  talilr  ;;i\tn  lor  \'an  Km^-ilaor  lla--- 
bov,  when-  tlicniiixininni  clt'cct  was  on  thvm;  rai/'  in  Jmnnir;/  -\- 1!)  ,  ami  llir  opiiosii,. 
(■fleet  on  the  at\rniji  in  Jam.  — 1°.;},  ami  is,  indeed,  a  most  marked  I'eature  at  <  ither 
locality. 


the 


Fff((t  iif  Cliiir  mill  f'hiinhi   \Vi iiIIk  r  i:ii  till    Ti  in/"  ruinri . 

To  ascertain  the  efi'cet  upon  the  tciniieratnrc  of  a  serene  and  (  huuh'  atnio-iiheve. 
the  temperatnre  observed  on  dear  days  (or  at  least  thrcc-iinarters  clear),  and  on 
cloudy  days  (or  at  least  thrcc-iiuarters  cloudy),  was  conii)ared  with  the  normal  temp- 
erature of  the  day;  a  +  ditference  indicates  \\armer,  a  —  ditt'ereuce  a  colder  day 
than  the  normal;  for  this  investigation  the  year  was  a:,Min  divided  into  tuo  sia-onN. 

The  cliitr  days  preponderate  in  the  n-inli  r  season,  the  i/mn/i/  (l;iy>  in  the  vninimr 
season;   thus  in 

;I)ecend)er  Ms  >  4 

January      then-  are  ^  li)  clear  days,  and  l)ut    '.1  cloudy  days,  and  in  .luni'  and 
Febnmry  i  17  j  1 

July  there  are  -I  and  S  clfar  days,  and  Ki  and  1-")  cloudy  day-. 

In  winter  (()ct(d)i'r  to  March  inclusi\-e)  on  the  axcra^-e  from  ^'J  '/,,(,■  da\-  the 
temperature  was  /airrr  '.rjy  than  the  normal,  and  in  snnnner  (Ajiril  to  Si  piemli'  |- 
inclusive)  on  the  averafjo  from  41  '■/"..••  days  the  temperature  was  /liij/nr  (I  .s  than 
the  ncu'mal;  a  clear  atmosphere  couseipunitly  jiroduco  oiipo>ite  ell'ecis  in  the  snm- 
mer  and  winter  seasons. 

In  winter  on  the  a^•erage  from  ;]l  c/mn/i/  days  the  temperatiu-e  ^\a^  liiijln  r  l  ,0. 
and  in  suunuer  on  the  average  from  4S  davs  it  was  /""•'/■  2  A  than  the  normal 
value. 

The  explanation  of  thes(>  results  is  obvious;  In  winter,  under  n  clear  sky. 
radiation  soon  lowers  the  temperature,  whereas  a  clear  sky  in  sununer  by  pernuttinL;- 
greater  insolation,  will  increase  the  temperature.  In  cloudy  weather  in  wintir, 
radiation  is  stopped,  and  with  an  atmosphere  nearly  or  (pnte  saturated  with  moistiu'c 
the  temiK-rature  nnist  rise  ;  in  summer  insolation  is  pre\euted,  and  consecpumt'y  the 
temperature  will  remain  lower  than  its  normal  \  alue. 


Mil 


lUU 


1!KC0I!  I>    .\  ND    r.  !:^!UI/r  S    OK 


!   1 


I 


Ohsrvndioiin  of  tlir  iJlrof  JfadhliJ  Pmnr  ';/'  (he  Siili, 

For  tUo  measure  of  tlie  direct  lieatiuj,'  eft'ect  of  tliu  sun,  two  bliick  bulb  tlicrinoiue 
ters  were  exiiosed  on  the  floe  near  the  shii). 


Jl.  1!.  tlii'nniiiiicti'i'.s,  Nn.'^.  Iri-tSiunl  17UI.                                                   | 

Tcini 

iiTiiturn  in  sun,  at  I'oit  Koiilko. 

KMh. 

17ii4. 

1801.  Ffl)'j' 

L'Clh 

—\'°J> 

— ir,-.r) 

at  2J  r.  M. 

" 

:i7ili 

— IS.O 

—  17..''i 

li 

'.'Stii 

— iri.r) 

—  13.  ,5 

Marc 

1  M\ 

— k; 

at    2-   I'.  M.,  — ISiOnt  n  P.  M. 

1( 

Citii 

—22 

—21 

at    2  IV  .M.,  — 2;i  .5  and  —21°  al  :!  I'.  .M. 

(1 

7tli 

— 1'.( 

—  IS 

at    !J  IV  .\1. 

it 

XI  h 

-11.5 

—  10 

at     ;!  1".  .M.,  —12'^  ami  —Ki^  al  1  1'.  M. 

H 

!»tli 

—7 

—5 

at    :i  1'.  M.,    --',1.5  aial  — S-  at  4  1".  .\I. 

(1 

lltli 

— !l 

—4 

" 

" 

IJtli 

—  12 

—  11 

at    I!  P.  M.,  —12,5  aial  —12.5  at  5  P.  M. 

<( 

llilli 

— k; 

—  14 

at    5  P.  .M. 

(1 

Mill 

22 

—20..') 

at    ;i  P.  M.,  —22  and  —20.5  at  5  P.  M 

it 

hMli 

22 

—  IS 

at    5  I".  M. 

11 
(1 

llUli 
iTtli 

2 

+  1 

at    ;!  P.  .M.,  and  —X-  at  '  P.  M. 

11 

22,1 

+  1 

at    .1  P.  M.,  and  —7.5  at  5  P.  M. 

If 

2;i,l 

+  1 

at     1  1".  M.,  +.P  at  .'i  1*.  M.,  +2^  at  5  P.  M. 

(1 

2Uli 

+  1 

at     1   P.  M.,  — 1    at  :i  P.  M.,  — S    at  5  P.  .M. 

It 

2i;ili 

— '.).5 

at     1   P.  M.,  —12,5  at  ;i  P.  .M.,  — S  at  5  P.  .M. 

11 

2!llll 

+  0 

at     1  P.  .M.,  +(;  at  ;{  P.  -M,,  —1.5  at  5  P.  .M. 

11 

.'!(iili 

—5 

at     1  P,  .M.,  —2,5  at  :i  P.  M. 

II 

:!l>t 

+  14 

at    1  P.  M.,  +4  at  ;!  P.  M. 

April 

—  10 

at    1  P.M.,  +Sat  ;i  P.  .M. 

at    1  P,  M,,  —5  at  :i  P.  M,,  0=  al  5  P.  .M. 

ft 

4tl[ 

+  21 

at    ;!  P,  .M,,  —5  at  7  P.  -M, 

11 

Sill 

—  11 

nt    1  P,  .M,,— l;!  at  :j  P.  .M. 

11 

(Mil 

—12 

ttt     1  P.M.,    —5  at  5  P.M. 

K 

12lli 

+  14 

nt    5  P,  M. 

14 

]:!ili 

k* 

at  .'J  P.  :\r. 

11 

I4lli 
l;Mli 

— 0 

+  1 

nt    IP.  .M.,  — ',)  at  :5  P.  M. 
at     .'1  J',  M, 

It 

n;tli 

+  3 

at  11  A.M. 

11 

mil 

— 0 

at  1!  A.  .M. 

11 

IStll 

+  i;i 

at  1 1  A.  .M.,  +  18  nt  1  P.  M.    Suuw  iiiolting  on  sidu  of  .-liiit. 

11 

2Ulh 

+  10 

at  11  A.M.,  +2:!  at  1  P.  M, 
+  l!tnt  :i  J'.  M. 
+  l:iat5I'.  M. 

" 

22(1 

+  17 

at     1  P.M.,  +i:)  at  :5  P.M.,  +11  at  5  P,  M, 

" 

•i:a 

+2 

at     !   A.M.,  +21  ut  11  A,  M., +lsatl  P.  .M.,  +  5  at  :!  P.:\l. 

11 

2(;ili 

+  12 

at    !)  A.  M.,                                  +2S         "          +15  al  5   •• 

11 

2Ttl, 

+  «..'■, 

at     1  P.  M.,  +5  at  ,'!  P,  M.,  +4  at  5  P.  M..  (I  at  7  P.  M. 

'• 

2sili 

+  0 

nt  1 1  A.  M.,  +.S  at  1  P.  M,,  +;.,u  at  ,1  P,  .M. 

*• 

2'.illi 

+  10 

at  :i  P,  M. 

tl 

lllitli 

+  i;! 

at  11  A.  M.,  +17  at  1  P.M.,  +1S  at  :!  P  .M, 

•Miiy 

1.-1 

+  15 

nt     '.•A.M.,1I  A.M.,  1P.M.,;!  P,M..5  I'.M.,  +  I.i.5a1  7  P.M. 

2c  1 

+^ 

at  11  A.M.,  5  P.M.,  +l;!at  7  P.  M. 

at  11  A.  M.,  +24  at  1  P.  M.,  +22  at  :5  P.  M. 

11 

;til 

+  2.5 

II 

mil 

+  20 

at    '.I  A.  M.,  +21)  at  11  A.  M.,  +24  at  1  P.  .M.,  ;i  P.  .M. 

+  25  al  5  P.  .M. 

If 

fitii 

+n5 

nt     1  P.  M  ,  ;?  P.  M.,  +;i5.5  at  5  P.  M.,  +;!l  at  7  P.  M. 

11 

Till 

+  ;!o 

at  1 1  A.  M.,  +;!4  at  1  P.  M.,  +.'12  at  .•.  P,  M.                          1 

'J'lic  al)o\('  ob.^ervatious  were  made  in  rlmr  weather. 


M  K'l'lio  I'vOKod  1  ('  A  I.  ()  i; Si;  i;  v  a  c 


ION 


1!)1 


iil>. 


.  M. 


M. 


'J/jsirnaiujfi  11/  T'liqirra/Kn  imuh  /,y  Dr.  /f,i;/,i  ,,„  /,!>;  .hnirm  n  t.,  Ih,   Xnrl/nr„n/,;„ 

April  mill  Mini,  1^(11. 
On  tliis  joimicy  Dr.  llujvs  ivaclicd  his  cxtiviiic  iKirthn-i:  lutitudr,  at  ( ':,pr  l,i,l.,.r. 


if  si-  :}7',  in  i()iii,'itii(lc  (ill!    west  ul'Circci 


iwicli,  on  till'  Istli  ul'  Mm.     'I' 


ir    Idll.iW 


\\\'^  tcmiicratiircs  were  rccovdcil  hv  liim: — 


Mil 

y  r. 

.Scdu.su  C'iiin|i, 

<t  =  vy^ 

20 

al     1;     A.  M. 

Trinp,     — s- 

Jl 

5 

4(                         i( 

)i  =  72 

63 

■■     1     1'.  .M. 

"                ■> 

In  sun  +2^ 

i) 

r, 

1 

7 

II                         11 

Xi)  Ilul  Ciiiiip, 
Pipe  C'lUiip, 

1.     - 

II     1        11 

"     t 

"                (1 

+  7 

•■        f-lli 

+  +  +  + 

" 

!S 

■     7    A.  M. 

••       +i| 

(1 

H 

II          II 

••     1     1'.  M. 

■i  21 

11 

10 
10 

Xi'iii-  Cape  llaukH, 
" 

IHMIIl 

+  3i;-  ill  .Mill 
+  00 

11 

Capo  Uawiis  Camp, 

.(■-70- 
■K  =  73 

If 

01; 

•     3' A.M. 

•■        +12 

If 

1:; 

Near  Cape  Hawk-:, 

-,     0       " 

+  •"> 

+  !-<       •• 

" 

12 

Neat'  Cape  h.  Najii 

leiiii, 

"     (\ 

+  3r.i     " 

ti 

12 

K                      11                            II 

"    t.Hv  ^r. 

"       +21 

*' 

13 

Fo|,'fry  Coinp. 

t  =  "0" 

■,(■/ 

"      t     A.  .M. 

"       +2tl 

11 

13 

11                             14 

>.  =  7I 

2S 

•■     C-  1'.  .M. 

+  H 

n 

13 

\riir  FrM/.or  Canip, 

1,    1,1      1. 

+  0 

" 

It     Fni/.ur  C'aniii, 

i.  =  so° 

OC' 

••     (',    A.M. 

"       +21; 

It 

i>           1. 

"     2.L  1'.  M. 

+  .'i*^  ill  sun.    I.i 

jlil 

" 

It 

11          II 

<i     3 

1.       4.JS 

.■^Diilli  wind 

" 

14 

.1     1;        II 

"       +20 

'* 

1")  ,  Tired  ilm/'s  t'lUJip, 

"     2.L  A.  M. 

"        +21 

+  30'^ 

'* 

1.-.  i       " 

"     \l  W  M. 

"        +23 

'* 

Ifl  '  Jt'iisciiV  Ciiiiii),' 

f  =  80=' 

ts' 

"     o'A.M. 

+  20 

[•'oi; 

n 

i<; 

1.     ^ 

"       +10 

•• 

" 

K! 

"     s 

,1        4.02 

111  sail  3s  ' 

" 

Ki 

iiiiiiii 

II        ^2>i 

"     "      IS 

l( 

k; 

•     1    1".  M. 

"       +21 

,1     „     .,0 

u 

k; 

"      S         " 

"       +2(1 

"     "      10 

'* 

17 

"    0    A.  M. 

"       +21 

'■V' 

i( 

17 

„     ., 

■'       +20 

" 

17 

"       ,K           '' 

"         +1S 

111  sun  ncp 

" 

17 

noon 

"       +32 

'■     "      10 

11 

17 

"     t     1".  M. 

"       +20 

I'o- 

'' 

17 

.1     i^ 

"        +23 

SlKHV 

IS 

"     0    A.  M. 

•■        +11 

Wind  and  .-now 
tliroiiLrliuiil  llir  ( 

lay 

(1 

18 

11     ,, 

"     +in 

1< 

l,s 

It     ,^       II 

"          +1S 

II 

l.S 

nomi 

1.       ^02 

.1 

18 

IS 

"     1    1'.  -M. 

"      S         " 

"        +10 
"        +11 

11 

10 
10 

"     0    A.  M. 

"       +12 
"       +lt 

Wind  and  m;iiw 

It 
II 

11) 

10 

.1        ,sj 

norm 

+  +- 

(f 

20    Cuiup  Lcidy, 

t  =  Ti)- 

:>>i' 

"     2KV.M. 

+  8 

Weatlier  tliirk. 

^Ironi^  N. \V.  wind;  | 

li'.dit  snow 

(I 

20 

11          II 

"     -ti  I'.  M. 

II       +00 

I.iirlit  S.  \V.  will! 
riniidy ;  lifrlit  >ii 

1, 

i\V 

}i 


'  Reconlcd  liy  G    F.  k'liorr,  diiriiiL'  Dr.  Haves' iilweiice. 


103 


IIKCOIU)    AX1>    UKSULTS,    K  T  0 


11 


I 


ifc 


.\l;i\   Jl 

Ni  ill-  |lii|i  Snnw  Ciuiiii,  t  ="ll^  >'•'!' 

lit    :i 

A.  M, 

'I'ciMii.  +•.':.• 

( 'liiiKJv  ;   .-iiii»  ill'.'. 

■Jl 

"     7 

I-.  M. 

+  s 

I'l 

■• 

"   III 

—  1 

■  >■> 

Ciuiii)  Iliiwlis,                  ■f  =  T'.r   1  1' 

"      8 

A.  M. 

"       +1.-. 

l.ifrlit   N.  W.  wind  ; 
<'l(illllV 

'}•} 

%  =  -:i    (in 

"    r, 

r.  -M. 

"      +i:; 

+  r.H  ill  sun 

o.) 

It                         14 

"     s.i 

" 

(1 

• 

■j:i 

Ncur  SiimllljciV'  Ciiniii,  ^  =  ~<.\°  XV 

"     7 

A.  M, 

"       +2n 

'  4-n-2     " 

o;J 

"       x  =  7:J    u:i 

14           -  1 

I'.  M. 

"      4-1:! 

+  1'-.'     " 

2\ 

Ni  111'  IJi'iikiu  Sk'djrr  Cunip, 

t 

A    M. 

■'      +11 

+  :w      " 

2\ 

"          " 

"    n 

1'.  M. 

"        +IH 

2:> 

Nciii-  I'Mliilii  Ciiiii)).        t  =  "!'-  f'4' 

•    1 

A.M. 

"      4-l!> 

•2-> 

ami  Ni'iir                      x  =  '2    'M 

••    -,h 

••       4-18 

+;!8     " 

ac, 

CiiiM|p  St'iniraliiiii,          t  =  "'*    •"<:* 

"    (1 

+  4 

2I\ 

"          "                       >.  =  -2    08 

••    <;i 

"     4-n 

4-:!-2     " 

•2r, 

t.           (( 

"    c, 

P.  M. 

"     +1.; 

+  :;(i      " 

To  rom[)l(4i'  ihv  iccDid  of  tlic  weather  diiriii;,'  the  above  periutl,  the  follow  iiii,' 

uote  is  added: — 

l8(;l.     April  21.     Near  Cuini  I'uiiit.     Storm  stuvod 
Apnliit. 

Tlie  following,'  table  rontaiiis  the  mean  daily  tempera t tire  in  the  shade  derived 
from  the  above  by  ajiplicatioii  ot"  the  known  avertii^e  vtiliie  of  the  ditirntil  variation 
taken  from  the  table  p.  30  of  my  discussion  of  the  temperature  observations  at  \'iiii 
lleiissc'laer  Harbor,  and  th(^  preeediiii;  table  of  the  diuniiil  fluctuation  at  Port 
l''otdke,  iifter  chaii;.;iiii.j  si^n  in  the  latter. 


P.itn. 
l.Nil.   .May.  I 


Loc.ilitv  .iinl  lutltllcll' 


.Mi'.in  ti'iniii'r.Ttnri'  Port  Fmilkcnicai 
I  i)t  diiy,  tuuij).  uf  il.iy. 


5 

Sc'iuiso  Camp, 

I- =  79° 

29' 

7 

Xii  111  i   Camp, 

8 

I'ipu  Cuinp, 

111 

Xi  ar  Cam])  Hawks, 

11 

Capi'  Hawks  Camp, 

f  =  7;i- 

41' 

\2 

Xi'iir  Ca|ic  llawUs, 

l.i 

I'"ii;jiry  Camp, 

1-  =  7ti 

Tii; 

11 

!''iM/.rr  ('iiiii|). 

,f  =  ,MI 

iii'i 

1.") 

Tirrd  diifr's  Camp, 

lii 

Juiisoii's  Camp, 

f  =  SI) 

4S 

H 

44                           44 

I  '.1 
L>i) 

Camp  I.cidv, 

t  =  10'= 

"i8' 

2\ 

Xiar  Dri'p  .*^now•  Camp, 

t  =  7(1 

a.) 

22 

Camp  Hawks, 

t  =  7'.i 

44 

23 

Xcar  .'SiiiallliL'rir  Camp. 

tp  =  711 

:):5 

24 

Xcar  iirokon  .'■^ledu'c  Camp, 

2.1 

Near  Camp  Soiiaratiuii, 

?  =  7S 

.'•i^ 

"(! 

4.                     44                               ,4 

—4°.  .5 

+  i4-.n 

+  r,2 

+  2:!.  3 

+  s.;t 

+  22.5 

4-17. n 

+  27.11 

+  211.:! 

+  .'J2.i) 

+  1.-..2 

+  :i0.0 

+  1  :;..-> 

+  . ■!.•!.(! 

+  111.0 

+:j.-..8 

+  2:!.  4 

+  :i:i..^ 

+22  r. 

+  ;w.2 

+  2;i.i 

+  ;!2.oi 
+  27.:! 

.  +2:1.2 

+ 1  r,.  ti 

+  211.4  " 
+  10.11 

+  14..-^ 

+  15. 2 

+  11!.  8 

+  10.1 

+  20.1) 

+  8.,i 

+  22.2 

+  li;.2 

+  20.11 

+  l.i.O 

+  24.1 

+  20.0 

+  24.!( 

+  l;i.o 

+ao.(! 

On  the  avcraije,  therefore,  it  was  10^.7  colder  on  the  route  across  Smith  Sound, 
iind  up  the  west  coast  of  Kennedy  Channel,  that  at  Port  Foidke.  At  Jensen's 
Camp,  where  we  hiive  ol)servations  on  four  days,  it  was  on  the  avt-raj^e  -4°. 8  colder 
than  at  Tort  Foulke;  the  difference  of  latitude  of  these  pliice.s  is  'r  ',W . 


IkiMiipaii 
of  (lay. 

40.r, 
•2:5.2 
22..') 

2-.lt 

211.  :5 
32.0 
:5(i.o 

lio.S 

:i:iS> 

:i:!.2 
:52.(n 
27.:i 
20.4  ■ 
115.  (I  J 
Ki.s 

20.0 

•)■)  •) 

20.0 

24.1 

24.0 

■MA', 

ATMOSni  Kll  IC    V\l  KSSIK  K. 


TllK  atiii(is|)li('vic  |iir>.Mirc  wn-,  (iliMi-\((l  li_\  iiic;iiis  i,(  ;,  tiinriiri:il  iMiniiictc  r  -u^- 
[iciitlcd  oil  iioiinl  tlic  sclKiiiuir;  its  iiiiicx  cnnr.  it'imv.  is  ii(,|  kiii.uii.  'rhr  iv;i(liii-s 
arc  j^'ivcu  in  Jliigli.sh  inches,  ami  tl'osc  cl'  ihr  attaclicil  tlicvindincicr  in  .li'-ivrs  ,,f 
Falircnlicit. 

'I'lic  (ihscrvalioiis  licrc  rcconli'd  (■(uiiiiicncc  with  Sci)tciiilici-  1.  iMid.  imd  (  \t(  nd 
to  Aiiuiist  1,  IMII  ;  the  record  i-,  nearly  coiiiiiletc  for  the  Ikhhs  ^,  jii,  nodii,  '.'.  I, 
(!,  N,  10,  I',  M,,  lint  tor  luiihiif^lit  and  tlie  niorniii:,^  hours  ■.'.  I.  (i.  it  is  (iei'ecti\e,  and 
ill  April,  May,  and  June,  ohscrvations  at  these  lioiirs  are  alti>^'etlier  wantini,'. 

For  tli<'  reduction  of  (he  readings  to  t'  •  tenii.eratiiiv  of  free/ini,'  water,  TaMe 
W'lI.C,  of  (iuyot'.s  Meteorological  and  i'liysical 'I'aide.s  (Smithsonian  .Misi  ellaiienus 
Collection)  was  cniiiloyed. 

The  a|>|)ro\imate  reduction  (jf  the  ri  atlinys  ,,f  die  liaroineler  to  thi'  l,\i  1  of  tiie 
.sea  is  +().00(i  inches. 


2b       XJoiroubcr,  IHiih, 


(    l!>o    ) 


I.    f' 


m 


'•«■ 


mm 


I'll 


1!  i:('(»  i;  D   A  \  h   i;  i;s  i   i.'r.>  o  \- 


Itraililijl--^  III'  tlir  liul'ii 

iirlrl'  ill! 

1  i\{U\i 

lli'il  tlirl'llliilllrlrl'  IJriii'  ilMij  lit 

I'ul-l    Kulllkr,  .'^ 

iiiilli  Sir 

.lit. 

-  - — 

SfliliinlMr,  IsdO. 

II 

.5.1 

D.'iy  lift  III! 
iiiiiiitli. 

■1 

-'' 

4 

6 

8 

10 

2',i"'.75 

... 

... 

...     1  ... 

2'J"'.70 

(17° 

20'".  75    52° 

... 

— 

...        .  .  • 

.75 
.70 

5  s 
(15 

.70       75 
.70       (15 

.SI) 

.70 

Ml 
112 

4 

... 

. .  - 

... 

... 

...        ... 

.70 

7.5 

,70       75 

.1111 

r.ii 



... 

...        ... 

.05 
.  '.10 

(11 
70 

70       70 

,00       78 

.70 
.00 

7 11 
70 

7 

:.".r".'.i.") 

(12'' 

— 

.    .        ... 

;io.  Ill      (!(i 

;jo,io 

To 

H 

— 

... 

— 

-  -  - 

;!0,05 

(14 

,(i5      (i:; 

.00 

114 

'.) 

... 



.  .  . 

...        ... 

20,05 

(ll! 

20,  no      (12 

20,0(1 

no 

10 



... 

.  -  - 

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(11 

.50       (IS 

.50 

nil 

II 

- .  - 

... 



.50 

(18 

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I  i 

12 

.f);'. 

Ill 

2'.r..''>(i 

47= 

,(15 

(17 

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111 

l.-i 

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i")'.* 

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2'.t"'.7(l      <1(1'         .7s 

(10 

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mi,  5 

II 

.  08 

f)() 

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lis 

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.,s(i      72 

.75 

(12,5 

l"> 

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(12 

1      ,si)      ;:! 

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s:i 

111 

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r)8 

.  !I0 

72 

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72 

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17 

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111 

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(14 

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(IS 

IS 

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n:> 

1!) 

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70 

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(i;i 

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70 

.02       75 

,00 

111! 

20 

.87 

40 

.87 

47 

.02        71           .'.IS 

74 

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50 

21 

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7r) 

:50.1o 

75 

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i.i 

;!0.I5       (17 

;io.  18 

112 

22 

.2r) 

7;") 

.20 

70 

!   —         .M 

(17 



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01 

2:i 

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48 

21)..'iS 

(i:i 

'   —     211.  ."lO 

(1(1 

2o,;;5     lid 

21 

.:,:> 

<i7 

.ft:") 

(1.) 

...     '  ...         .(10 

(17 

.110       75 

20.55 

US 

2.") 

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.r.f) 

.'■lO 

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'  78 

. . . 

2i; 

.(i;! 

47 

72        4(1          ,80 

70 

.75       TO 

•  77 

70 

27 

.82        O:!           .s^) 

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.75       21 

2s 

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72 

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(11 

.70        70           .(IS 

5s 

...        ... 

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27 

29 

.;"i7 

114 

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,55         55 

...        ... 

,(10 

IS 

;iO 





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17 

.05     1    12           .70 

2:f 

.70      25 

.70 

21 

Means  (if 
anvalitiia 

2'.t,70O 

(14,0 

20,77;!    r,:!,:i 

20. 7  (IS 

110,2 

H.-iniiiirli-r  liclin 

m 


A  ^Mt•^l■ll  i;i;  ir   i'i;i:,>M  m:. 


105 


i;c;iilili'J>  111'  ll 

.■  l.iir. 

iiii'li  1'  Mil 

1    :lll;ll 

lli'il  1  in'riiliiiiii'l 

■r  iic;ir  Mii.j  111 

I'-ri  J'niilLr,  .«; 

iiiilli  .S|r 

III 

Sc'|iliri|lir 

.  I'-lill, 

linyi.flli.' 

iijiiiiih. 

«'' 

4 

u 

K 

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1.1 

1 

:!!l"'.Tr) 

f.7^ 

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i'i7 

2'.i".7.')     r.l 

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1;:; 

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lis 

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7s 



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r,.') 

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v;:; 

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1 

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,;'i."i 

1:2 

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t  •) 

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( ■• 

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t; 

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t;i; 

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s 

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r,2 

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2!i.^ii      r.7 

211.7.') 

1;.; 

... 

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.T)!) 

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r.7 

Ml      r,i 

..'ill 

r,i; 

21l..'iO 

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II 

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70 

.fill 

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Till 

711 

r,.') 

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nil 

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-.) 

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r,>< 

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I'lii 

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.'.II        71 

im 
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r,li 
7-^ 

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r,.'i 
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112 

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2'i 

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>>.) 

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.711 

21 

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211 

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Jii 

MlMllS  cif 

liii  valims 

211. 7  7(1 

lid.Ci 

1 

2!).T77 

CI.,-) 

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211,771; 

ri2, 1 

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l'U(lillBr<  of  llir 

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'1'  :ill*l  atlticlii'i 

Ijji'lllliiliirlrr  ul    I'ull 

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siniii. 

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lit! 


1 

I'iiiliiiir- 

'1'   llir 

liiiroiiii  II 

1     Mlul 

itiiiilii'il 

(Irlnli 

llii'i'iii 
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II 

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.'I'l                           "I's 

'.  1     '. 

■"*■.' 

.  I 

1  •' 

•  1  1  ■> 

.1 1 

1  1  ■' 

'•  i 

lltl        j           1  lt> 

■  >  1  ,  •> 

.  I  ill 

.Ih 

:i(i 

.Slid 

.M 

'.I'.lll 

.'I.I 

!i'.lii 

•ll       ... 

.117'' 

•"i7 

Jl 

:>ii.(ii;ii 

'i7 

;;ii 

1171; 

."ll 

;;(i,n.'iii 

'i'2      ;iii.ii.'i'j 

.Ml,;') 

'111  ojr, 

;'i."i 

■JO 

L'li 

;ils 

.M 

L'li.'.iji; 

."ill           JIl.-iOl 

■  '  t 

:!li.s7'< 

."i."i 

•j:i 

l".i.;i1:! 

M 

111  I 

r.4 

,',1111; 

;"i;l             .^">'i 

ii.'i..') 

.Mi2 

.'ill 

:.'l 

.(■,711 

•''7 

i;so 

"i7 

.i'7l 

."i.'i               11711 

r.7 

.070 

.".1 

:2"i 

.'isd 

Ti,'! 

.'ii;^ 

.M 

.."ii> 

."ll              ..Mil 

.M 

..■|'<H 

."ill 

•J(i 

."|J2 

.")4 

.".  1  -' 

;,.) 

.i;:;j 

.'ll          .i;iii 

■'i7 

.r.ll 

."ill 

i!7 

.;■)(;  1 

.■.(;.-. 

.'.11 

•  1" 

..'i.'ii; 

.'i7           .Mi; 

:"ii;  .'i 

.Mil 

."i."i.."i 

•2X 

.5  Hi 

TiS 

,-,10 

.1  ( ,,i 

.'.lM 

..",111 

."ii;  ."i 

.'ill'.' 

."i2 

:!'.i 

.-I'ld 

i')!! 

4t:! 

.'i.'i 

.111 

."i|          ml 

r.l  .'1 

11" 

."ill 

lid 

.W. 

r.!) 

ICS 

;*)."> 

.  r.ij 

r.l              'IHI 

r.ii.'i 

172 

."i?< 

Mi'iins 

L".i.7l(l 

;");'.  ."> 

■.".1 71:1 

■i:!  1; 

:2li.7'-.o  ' 

Ti-.m;    I'll  7 1  ■< 

.1.1  ( 

■-'11  T  IT 

.'.  1  2 

214 


1!  lU'oi!  i»  A  N  i)  i;  i:sr  i/rs  of 


l;r:i< 

liiij;> 

(>r  till' 

liiiniiiictri'  mill 

iilliii'lii'i 

•>iib 

liirrilliillH'li'l'  1 

,  isdl. 

1  I'orl 

Fiiiilki', 

Siiiill 

St  I'll  it. 

Dayofllic 

lll.Mllll. 
1 

2b 

4 

G 

S 

10 
2I)'M20 

5!)  - 

Nnnii. 

;)".:;7l   ,-.i; 

.  -  - 

... 

'2!)'".400 

550 

•  - 

... 

... 

,504 
.450 

57 

51) 

.41)2 
,4s4 

5(; 
57 

.411(1    57 
.50  1     5i;,5 

1 

.  , 

- . . 

... 

... 

.  -  - 

.7111 

55 

... 

... 

,7  14     5(1 

•"»     1 

. . . 

... 

.708 

50 

.  -  . 

.70(1    57 

(i     1    - 

. . . 

.:!5(i 

48 

,:i7(l 

50.5 

.440    54 

( 

.(i4(! 

55.5 

,(140 

5(1 

,(154     5s 

'.1 

... 

.fi82 
;!0,(W8 

57 
5(1 

.758 
.1)S4 

(10 

58 

.SIC,     (11 

Id      1     . 

21i,70:i 

55 

.(11)2 

54 

.fi4r,    (10 

11      i     - 

.1100 

5(1 

.1)04 

57,5 

.1)32    (10 

1-J 

... 

.8:;o 

54 

.SS8 

51) 

.730    (17 

l:!      ''     ■ 

.1)112 

57 

:',(),  1  si;    5s 

14      '     - 

.1)50 

5fi 

,!)S8 

5(1 

21),  1)74     54 

IT)       •><.)' 

'.  srio 

53= 

2'j"'.s;i(i 

5  2°.  5 

20'".  7  78 

5;!° 

.818 

57 

.87(1 

5(1 

,1)5(1  i  54 

1  i\       :» 

oti; 

47 

.O.SO 

47 

.i(S4 

48 

.1)88 

50 

r,o.i20 

48 

30,124  !  50 

17        i'J 

.  iis.s 

50 

.!)1I4 

50 

.SS2 

50 

.1)2(1 

50 

21),  1)03 

50.5 

.032  i  50 

IS      t 

.«70 

52 

.820 

52 

..s;j2 

50 

.71)2 

50 

,842 

50 

21).Sl()     51 

1'.' 

.770 

48 

.750 

50 

.750 

50 

.(150 

50 

,(100 

51.5 

.(130  ■  71.5 

-II 

.712 

5!l 

.722 

57 

.(1(18 

57 

.(1,58 

5S.5 

.(104 

51) 

.018    54 

-'      i 

.(),■)(! 

5;!.  5 

.fiS2 

54.5 

.(128 

54,5 

.1112 

55 

.(184 

51 

.744  i  78 

.,.)     ! 

,5'.I4 

(17 

.5(1!) 

55 

.(104 

4!) 

.(112 

52 

,51)4 

(10 

.(100     75 

j-i    ! 

.r)7(i 

(iO 

.5(1H 

5(1 

.500 

5(; 

,450 

58 

,535 

(111.5 

.5S1)    71;,  5 

L>4 

.700 

55 

.710 

54 

.004 

54 

,(i(;2 

5;i.5 

.(130    (1(1 

^.'i     ! 

.51)0 

00 

.504 

5(1 

.(122 

515 

,(15(1 

511 

.(150 

1  '> 

.(130     73 

•ji;     1 

..Sis 

(17 

.810 

111 

.770 

511.5 

.800 

(10.5 

.82(1 

(11) 

.siis    71; 

•21     ' 

.!i:!0 

5(1 

',150 

54 

.sss 

5:! 

.81)4 

5:i 

,1)58 

5S 

.1)70     58 

•_>s 

.M2.S 

52 

.S2(l     51 

.S12 

50 

.7S(i 

51 

,780 

52 

...     i  -  -  - 

1>'.I 

.S2(i 

55 

..S4,s    5i; 

.S40 

5;i 

.850 

54 

.SI12 

54 

.842    54 

.'ill      i 

..S.")0 

5S.5 

.S7()    5(1 

.7(1(1 

55.5 

,,s;!(! 

5(1 

„S44 

54 

.870     5il 

ai     j  ;ui 

.028 

55 

.'JO.  025     54 

.'.ISO 

50 

.1)1)0 

52 

30.100 

53 

30.100     5(1,5 

Mciiiis 

21i.7:;'.t 

51,5 

211.7112 

5i'..S 

21)774     i'.ii.2 

i  iilj 


■w 


ATM  ().-  I'll  i;  i;  1  (■   I'  i;  i:>.-  r  i;  i 


•-'1  . 


Itfiiiliiif;--,  .if  ihr  l):u'n:iHtri-  Mini  allaclinl  ihrnn.iiiirtrr  al 

.liilv,  ls(;l. 


>ll!ki'    Siiiilli  Sti'ail 


l)ll.V(jftllf 
niuiitU.  1 


:i 
1 
") 
i; 

7 

s 

0 

ID 

II 

l-> 


10 


Mi.liii.-ht, 


I  I 

1") 

n; 


I'.i    ' 

-' 

2:\ 
■J  I 

2r^      i 


2s 
2'J 
30 
;!1 


^'J'".304 

r)8o 

:ii)'".372    58- 

20'".37O 

5  s'' 

20".342 

5(1 

A-2H 

i>l 

.4iiO    55 

.452 

53 

.424 

5tl 

.r)i>s 

i")8 

.570  ,  50 

.5s4 

55 

.012 

i;-> 

.VTi; 

M 

... 

.702 

50 

.S2(l 

5  s 

."OO 

f)8.5 

.7ii-.' 

50.5 

.('i5(; 

57 

.030 

50 

.4l'4 

54 

.4',I8 

50.5 

.520 

5  s 

.510 

.(i4:i 

58.5 

.044 

58 

.020 

57 

.(■.17 

.Ml 

.ssi; 

.;3 

... 

.0(10 

03 

.out 

5s 

nn.dris 

CI 

311.(150 

50.5 

30.03S 

57 

30.031 

5',i 

l"J..")1IS 

58 

2',i.572 

58 

20.002 

57 

.!»2S 

50 

.1)20 

58 

.021 

5.S 

20.0(1(1 

57 

.TTCi 

50 

.OSS 

50 

.002 

5S 

30.044 

lid 

'M.\2'.> 

57 

30.(157 

57 

30. 05  s 

57 

.050 

57 

:;'.».'.ii;() 

54 

21).  028 

54 

20, 000 

55 

20.SS0 

;>.) 

.S'.i:! 

54 

.0(14 

53 

30.033 

40 

.050 

47 

.SDS 

41) 

.0.S5 

50 

20.S78 

51 

OOS 

5(1 

.'.iTS 

50 

.000 

45 

.042 

51 

.sTi; 

51 

.SOS 

53 

.838 

51 

.^55 

51 

s:.'(i 

51 

Xi'li 

00 

.  035 

04 

.C.^l 

84 

.(lis 

.f,:!4 

54 

.018 

51 

.072 

53.5 

.0  12 

5(1 

.CS-i 

70.5 

.040 

70 

.50(1 

03 

.(•..".(1 

7(1 

.rx;.-! 

07 

.528 

73 

... 

.5(((l 

72 

.i;is 

lo 

.01(1 

1 1 

.i;5ii 

01 

.(lit 

■  '  I 

.050 

78 

.715 

74 

.ilTii 

(15 

.(;s-_> 

70 

.0S4 

70 

.7.SS 

7S 

.750 

72. 

.!l:JS 

75 

.000 

'^•} 

.NSO 

05 

.ssi; 

(■.2 

.STO 

54.5 

.SSIl 

55 

.S7(l 

55 

.03(1 
.75(1 

.1.) 

.804 

01 

.034 

71 

.010 

72 

.s|- 

72 

.1)00 

54 

.000 

54 

.0S5 

54 

.07(1 

5(1 

30.054 

57, 

.057 

58 

30.070 

01 

.000 

50 

3(1. 


.'10. 
20. 


".310 
.4  is 
.i;iK 
.7^4 
.510 

.(112 
.0(11 
i.(ir.2 
i.i;."v2 

.sjll 

.  - .    i 

i.(i.">2 
's^s 

•  S7s 
(Ml 
05  1 
750  ' 
035 
704 
OOS 

700 
700 

(150 
750 
0.!S 
>-5ii 
7':i 
-M 
(1(1(1 
002 


4  0 

5(1 

51 

45.; 

03 

;t,5 

00 

70 


.lO 


20"'.  ^s  I 


.7.i(( 

.7ls 
.5711 
.5.>1 
.71M1 
(12(1 
.75s 

.o:iii 
.^311 
-75s 
.  s  I ;  s 
30  (1115 
20.S03 


4  s 
|s 

i;l' 


51 

50 


51 


.Mi'an.>     20.7(1S     50.5     20.772     00.0     20.783     50.0     20.707     5^.4     20.770     57.0 


Xiiirs  Id  Ihr  iircrrdiiiij  Ihiilij  Hi'nril. 

September.  Ti)  dlitiiiii  the  nuintlily  iiieuiis  lur  the  liuiii's  iiiidiiiiiiil,  2,  4,  ami  0  .\.  M..  llir  11.11, lu  iie.- 
pniees.s  wii.s  iulupteil :  The  niniitlily  iiieaii.s  fur  the  huiirs  ,s,  lo,  ikioii,  2,  4,  0.  s,  |ii  |',  ,M,,  alter  -ii|iul\- 
iiijr  the  few  oiuissiiiiis  by  simple  iiiterpeliitiuii,  were  foiiiid  =20'".(1S(;  nl  32  ;  fir  the  >aiiii'  hmir-  Ihe 
iiieau  for  the  days  Septeiiiber  12  to  September  30  =20'". 005  al  32";  liedee  the  eiirrceii.,11  lo  the 
iiiean  for  eaeh  of  tlie  liiiur.<  niiddlf,'hl,  2,  4,  and  0  A.  M.,  =  —  d"'.(i(iO,  whirh  reiidi'i-s  the  iiKiiiihlv 
averages  for  oacli  oliserviiij,'  liour  .'ilrietly  <'(imparable.  The  lew  ii]iii-,-ioii.-  in  ihe  last  ditieieen  day.s 
for  the  hoiir.s  from  midiiijiht  to  0  were  previmisly  .supplied  by  .simple  iMterpnlalinii. 

October.  Tile  monthly  means  for  miiiniglil,  2,  4,  0  A.  M.,  were  louiid  liy  the  same  meihiHl  as  in 
preeedinir  month;  tliuy  depend  011  eijflit  days  of  observations. 

.Iiuiiiary  to  .Iiinc.    Tlie  occasional  blanks  in  tlic^  record  were  supplied  by  inierpi.laiinn. 

.Idly.    The  same  principle  of  iiiti'r|iohiliod  was  applied  for  the  hours  middi.L.dil,  2,  I.  (1  .\.  .M  ,  a-  in 

])reeedi||j;   .September  iir   Oclnber. 


210 


I!  Kco  i;  I)  A  N  i»  K  i;s  r  i,'r>  o  |- 


y  (ilj.-rrviitiii:is  ol'  tlio  ItiU'i.iiKUr;  l(  iiiiHTiiliiro  iciliicrti 


to 


10 


Noou         2 


8  10 


1^1, 


l"J.(;7!i  ■2'.li]'^-2  -'U.CiSi  :><i.(;s;i  i>;i.(;.s7  liii.csc  -Jii.csr)  :>'(.(;s( 


.(iKii     .cl'.i      .(lis      .(lis      .017'     .(',: 


.(i:>'.i 


jo.osc  ;io.(i7it  :{o.oss  yo,(is7  ;jo.(i'.ii;  :io.o'.i4  'M.w.H 


.(i;i!i     .(t.! 


.(i;;;')     .o;jt;     .o;j 


.u-2-2     .Ul': 


i<,).X-2t>  'J!).mJ7  2'.isn2  L".l.s.(:i  •J1I.S44  -J'^.s  l;i  iil.Sl  i 


.S(I7      .Nil       .SOI 


l.iW        .l.H         .1 


4       .741, 


.  (JUll       .1 


v,-2    .7rin  - 


.i;, 


<\2     .s:ir>     .s:f4      .s:!i>    -  - 
id.orii  ;!(i.(iri(;:;o.(iri(i  :!0.(i.'i7  .•;o.oi;(;:!(>.()7o:i(i.()7-'!  -  - 

!'.».'.ts7  2'.».'.is;!  lill.iisl  :i;Mis,'i  ■J'j.iisc,  :>!i.<,is:,  :iii.Os',i    -  . 


.cso      .CTO      .(;74|     .li' 
.('iS7      .C'.M)      .(IsC       .tV 


si        .(;Sl>'      .Cm'.!     -  -  - 

;;(i     .ess'    .7111      .cTi 


JJiiirind  Flnitiidfidii  of  tlo'  Aliiios^Jn  ric  J'ft 


■suit  re. 


'ilii'  (liunial  tluctiiiition,  on  tlic  yearly  iucrni^c,  was  (Uduccd  I'roin  tlx^  almvc 
talilc  as  t'ulloWs;  'I'lii'  vcadiiii^s  for  Auifiist  were  iiitcriiolatcd  iVom  tlic  .Inly  and  Scji- 
trinhcr  r('adinf,'s;  from  tlic  observations  at  Nan  llensselaer  Jlarlxjr,  I'ort  Keiuiedy, 
and  IJaflin  l»ay,  Ani,nist  mean  =  July  mean  —  ()'".()()!),  also  Aufjust  mean  -^  Se]>tem- 
lier  mean — ()'".0U);  applyin;.?  these  reductions,  and  taking  the  mean  of  tiie  twd 
results,  we  iind  for  .Vm;ust  the  readings: — 


2"      I      4      I      8 


1(1     !   Kiimi 


0       ■      8  10      !     11;'' 


Aiiu'iist  2li.(;7t  :iO.(',7ii  2'.i.i;.'.(;  liiLC'is  :;!).i'>.'is  o;i cci  -jiici;!  -jiij;!',!  :.".i.(;s(  -J',). cii-j  li'.i. (•,(;><  ■j;i.i;."ii 


To  supply  the  aiuiual  means  fir  the  hours  midnight,  'i,  4.  (!  .\.  M,,  \\r  have  mean 
of  S,  10,  noou,  -2,  4,  (i.  s.  10  for  July.  August,  Scpti'udier,  October  -JO.OliS,  and  for 
the  same  hoiu's,  mean  of  the  year  'Jil.S'JS,  hence  correction  to  the  means  of  four 
months  at  the  hours  midnight.  "J,  1,  (i  A.  .M.  to  refer  tiuui  to  the  annual  value 
---  +  .l(iO. 

^^'e  have  consetpienlly  for  till'  whole  year: — 


hi        .N.I 


111  I-. 


^■^;u•  I'l.i.sls  i".i.s:.>{i  liii.sl:)  -.'o.sji;  l>i.i.s-Jl'  lMI.si'o  :2'.i.s-jii  -.''.i^-j:.  -J'.i.s:;.',  :.':i.sJ:i  :!'.i.s:;|  J'.i.s-.'l 


If  we  subtract  from  tliese  numbers  their  average  value,  we  find  the  diurnal 
variation  jn'oper  as  ^iscu  below,  to  which  that  of  \'an  l{en^-<elaer  liari)or.  I'ort 
Kennedy,  and   l!aliiu   I'lav   (<j)        "I'J.-"))  iia\e  been  added. 


AT.Mosi'in'iuc'  I'lMissr  1!  i:. 


-n- 


4 

(; 

^; 
11) 
l> 


DiiU'iKil  lliictuatii.u  (,!'  t|,c  liiirmncirr, 
(4-  abovn  iiii-aii,  —  lidoiv  nii>:ui  iiM.liiii;  ) 


Ilmir. 


I'nit  Fmilku 
>?  =  "(•-  Is'. 


Van  \irvi< 


•> 

4         '.         '.         '.         '.         '. 

— 0'".(I0(> 
—.mil 
— ,iilj 

s 

HI 

■> 

-f.iiiij 

.IMIL> 

—  .(MM 
(llll 

+  .(inl 
+  .(il  1 
+  Jiii.'i 
+  .iii'T 

+  .IMI."i 


U"'.0(H) 
4-. mil 

+  .IMI1 

— .(Hi:! 
—  mil 
— .(i(ii> 

^.IMICi 
—.11(12 
-f  (1(12 
+  .(i(i| 
-f  (ini'i 
-t-.(iii:; 


7-   m: 

— (i'".(ir.) 

if2s 

— .(i:)l 
— .(i(i2 
+  .(11(1 
4-. (Ills 
+  .111  1 
+  III  I 
+  .(i!."i 
4  .(il> 
4-.mi'.i 


li.llVni  H.iv 


1     — " 

"nlii 

(il:; 

— 

(117 

— 

III  2 

4- 

(107 

IIIMI 

4- 

(im2 

4- 

dill 

+ 

(il:; 

-f 

(il:l 

4- 

(llll 

mm 

JvNlircsscd  iiiuih  tiiallv  thr  al 


)(i\('  (Imnial  lliicliiatiiiiis  arc  l;i\i'ii  1i\  llic  ciiualidii^:  — 
I'lii't  l'"<Hillii',  i,  =  {)".imi\  .^,,1  {■I  4-  l.'i'.r  )  -f  (I ".(III I  .<,,!  (2"  4-  l^i;  ; 

Villi  I'li.'ii.'^schicr  ll:n'l]ui-,  /,  =   (I. mi:!   ,v/»  ('J  4- IHi   )    4-(i.mi2   ,>■•-»  (2'/ 4- 2iit    ) 
I'lji-t  Ki'iiiK'ily,  /(  =   (1. 1121    .vv/i  ('i  4- 2ii2   )     fd.dii'.i    .w/(  (2"  4-  l-'ii   ) 

liiilliii  liny,  /.  =  o.di;;  ,sn,  (.,  4-  Is,",  )    4-11.11111    .s//(  (2')  4-  l.i'.i   ) 

'I'lio  min'lc  0  counts  from  riiliJui;//,/  at  tlic  rate  of  1")"  an  liouv. 

'rii(>  ji'cncral  coiTcspoudcncc  of  tlicsc  cxiivcssions  is  (|niti' sati^factnrx  ;  tlir  nlo^t 
stvikiuf,'  Icatuvc  is  tlic  rapid  diniiniition  of  tlic  diurnal  (liictuation  willi  an  imrcasc 
of  latitude;  thus  tin-  rocfticicnts  of  cither  term  for  \'an  licnsselaer  llarlior  aiv  one- 
half  of  tho.se  for  Port  l''()idke,  and  taking;  the  averaL;-e  for  tlioe  localities  (rj,  7^  '2< ) 
we  have  u  diurnal  ranife  of  only  (l.01:J  inch,  whereas  the  uiiiicr  raiiL;c  for  I'liri 
Kenuody  and  BafHu  15ay  (f/j==-7-J  LV)  i-,  0.():!s  inch;  if  this  rate  of  diniiiKilion 
(•()Utiuu<>s,  tlie  rani(e  would  he  less  than  O.tlDl  inch  in  latitude  si!  . 

'J'lie  oliserved  iiiid  coin])Uted  diuniid  tluctualioii  at  Port  I'oulke  is  >ho\\u  li\  the 
annexed  diairrani. 


DU'KN.M.  l-'l.l'i  TI'ATImN  hi-'  TMM  .AtM.'^IM!  I;Kir   ]'lil-:-sn!F. 


n       2        4        fi        S       Id    Noon    2       4        I!        S       In       12 

By  tlu^  aid  of  tlie  rur\e  \\v  (ind  the  maximnm  to  occur  alioiif  (!',  P.  M.;  al  \'an 
llensselaer  it  oecurred  ahout  10  1'.  M..  and  at  Port  Kennedy  and  Piaflin  l>a\  aliout 
7',  P.M.;  the  principal  minimiuu  occurs  aliont  '■>  .\.  M..  at  \'an  iieii^NiJiicr  the 
(secondary)  niiuinunn  occiu'red  aliout   I  .\.M..an(lat  Purt  i'veuiiedy  and  l!:illiii  Hay 

2S       Ducembcr,  1SU5. 


H 


ll 


21S 


i;  i:('()i;  m  a  n  h  i;  i:sr  i/rs  o  r 


iihout    (l,   A.M.     At   I'ovt  Koulko,  (lie  sccondiivy  iiiiixiimmi  iiiid  iiiiuiimini  ik nii' 
tiboiit  !S  and  10^  A.  M.:  (liiiinal  ranf,'('  0.017  iiicli. 

AiniiKtl  F/i{(/ii(i/!iiii  (if  I  fir  AliiKiKjiJicric  Prissiin . 
Tlif  iiioiitlily  iiicrni  values  dcvivcd  froin  tlic  liouvs  S  A.  ^I.  to  10  1'.  .M„  ^vliich 
iin-  .strictly  coiuiJarabli',  iiitir  .sc,  ai'c  as  follows: — 


>Si'|ilciiil)fr 

NiPVl'lilljlT 

.liiiiiiMry 

Fclll'llMI'V    . 


i;'.i."'(;s(; 

•M.iy.n 

;>',(.  s;{(! 
L",t.7t!i 


.Miiirli 

.\pril 

M;iy 

•  I  Milt' 

.Inly 

Aiiiriisl 


ijir'.sis 
:'.().  (ICO 
•J'.i.'.ls' 
'J'.I.CiSO 

■.".t.Ciii:} 

'Jll.ClU 


The  moan  of  those  values  is  2i)"'.Sl.'(),  Init  the  annual  mean  from  I'i  values  a  day 
was  •ii>.Sv'4;  wc  sul)ira(t  therefore  0'".()0',>  which  <,'ives  the  followiujr  nionthly  mean 
lianmietric  pressure,  and  the  annual  tluctuatiou  proper,  4-  indicatiui,'  greater,  —  less 
pressure  tlian  the  mean  amount. 


Aiiimul  fliictiiiitiiiM  ( 

f  tlic  aniio,<|ili('ri(' 

lii'('s.<iirf. 

M.ixiimim  niarkfd  by  ii  *. 

Port  Poulke. 

I'ort  Foulke. 

Van  Rensselaer. 

Tort  Keniieily. 

•  linfliu  Hay. 

.l;iniMirv 

•.>'.i'".s;;-i 

+  ()'". 010 

4-o"'.(io;! 

+  (("'.011 

— (!'■'.  22:! 

l''(lini;n'\ 

i-Vi.TH 

— O.OTi 

+  (t.(M:i 

— O.OO.j 

— 0.  KK) 

.Miiirh 

'J'.i.Hir, 

— n.dds 

O.CJ.") 

+  0.2:;.") 

+  o.l:!.s 

.Apnl 

;)o.(.i.")S 

+  0,2:!4* 

+  0.1 2S 

+  0.211* 

+  0.1  sr, 

.Mmv 

Sll.il.s") 

+  0  ICl 

+  11.  ic:* 

+  0.072 

+  ii.2'i0* 

.llUK* 

20.(;:s 

— o.ni; 

— (1  o.'k; 

— 0.02.'> 

+  0.0li2 

.IlllV 

2',i.(;iii 

— o.i:!:i 

— (i.(i:i4 

— o.2:!l 

—0.(102 

Aiiiriist 

2i».r,(;2 

— 0.1(12 

— O.Osl 

—0.1117 

—0.0  111 

Si'|iii'iiil)t'r 

2!l.(lSt 

—0,1  to 

—0. 1 1 7 

— o.o:!'.) 

— (1.020 

Ocidlicr 

2'.».(;is 

— o.2(i(; 

—  (1.020 

-0.1(0 

+  0.(101 

.Niivciiibcr 

.■'.().  ()S7 

+  0.201!* 

—0.017 

+  0.111 

— O.OIMI 

I)ci-eiiilii  r 

;!(I.O;i:! 

+  0.20S 

—0.022 

— o.occ, 

—0.  1  Sf) 

The;  trn(!  maximum  occurs  (evidently  in  Ajjril,  that  of  November  beini^  accidental. 
The  s]»ring  maximum  (April  and  ^lay)  is  well  marked  for  either  locality.  The 
mininnim  at  Port  Foulke  occurred  in  October;  at  Xnu  Jlensselaer  Harbor  in  Se|>- 
tcmbcr.  Comput(>d  annual  range  at  Port  1"  ulke  0.40  inch;  at  ^'an  Uenssdaor 
Harbor  O.'il  inch. 

M'e  hav(>  also  tln^  annual  fluctuation  at 

l'i)rt  ruulkc,  /;  =  0"'.120  sill  ('/  +     -Js  )  +  (I'M  II  aiu  (20  +  177") 

Viui  IJiMis.-ohicr  Ilarliur,  /;  =  0.070  .s(«  (v  +      4   )  +0.041    .«//(  (29  +  2HI   ) 

I'orl  Kciiiicdy,  A' =  0.1  :!7  nin  {'/ +     17   )  +0.1011    .><//(  (2')  +  2:!2  ) 

IJiilliii  J!ay,  /.' =   0.1;"..')  ,v/»  (o  +  .'io  I   )  +0.11.}   .«//(  (29  +  2;i(i  ) 

The  an<,d(>  0  counts  from  January  1st  at  tlie  rate  of  150-  a  montli. 

The  formida  for  Port  Foulke  places  a  maximun)  about  the  commrncement  of 
May,  and  a  mininnnn  about  the  end  of  August ;  it^reepiires,  however,  more  thini  one 
year's  observation  to  secui'e  a  reliable  value  of  the  annual  Huctuation. 

Tlie  luniual  ranixe  is  twenty  limes  'n'ealcr  than  tlu'  diurnal  riinife. 


T* 


ATM  OS  I-  II  i:i;  !<■    |.|;  i.ss  r  i;  i: 


■:i'i 


M''iii  A/, II, ,./,/„  ,;,    /'i-'^siin  ,i!  Ilii    I.,  r.l  i.f  il,.    s.:i. 
We  ..hti.iii.'d  til.'  Mimiul  avcra-,.  vi.liic  „f  tl.r  atinn.,,!,,  ,i,.   ,,iv..,nv       ;'!!    s'M  • 

Ml.,  rrdl.rii,.,!  t..  tl,..  .sra  l,.V..l  is     1-0  ".(MM;,  Ii.-ihc  tll,  Im  i:;!,t   nfll,,.  Kaln,,,,!,  1    ,,(    ihr 
s.a  Icv.'l  lulatitud..                                                -s     is  -j;,  s;;(|  j,,,  1„  -. 

At  \  ail  UciiN-.i.l;ii.|-  l|,||-i„,,- i,,  i;itj(|||||,  *s    :;;  •JM.";';.") 

"    I'ort   Ivciiucdv  ■•  ••       V,'    111  'Jii  |);;s 

••    IJalliu  IJay  ••  VJ    ;;i)  -Ji Li ."..•.       •• 

ANclau'i'.  1.")!  JIl^JI 

Mmllihj  iiiiil  Ainiiiiil   /-.'.r/ i-i  III!  s  i./'    I ',; -.sii ri  . 

'I'hc  full()\viii;,Mal.lc  (■(.iitaiiis  tlic  (.liscrvid  iiia\iina  and  iiiiniina  df  al  in.i^i,liii-ic 
im'ssiirc  in  ca.li  iiamlli  ;  attaclu'd  tlirniKunctci-  at  :;•,'  .  'riic  n,nv.|„,i)dii,-  laii-v  al 
Van  Itou-isclacr  Jlarlior  lias  liccn  added  lor  (■(Hiiiiaiis.in. 


Si'|i|i'rnlii'i' 
(».■!, ,l,ci'    . 
N I J  vein  III 'I' 
jliM-criilirr 
.IniiiiinT   . 
Ki'liniiirv 
Miiivli    '. 
April 
May         . 

.IllJIU 

.Inly 
AiiLra>l     . 


:;(l"'.  Hi 
;iii.-J2 
.•j(i.74 
30.71 
30.45 
3U.L>() 
:!(),. ■.;; 
:iit.i;i 
.■;a..">>< 
.'iii.dl 
:;i».  II 


.MiMllMllll. 

■J'.i".-JT 
L".t.."i',l 

•j:i.I7 
•>'.\.\  I 

■-".1. 1 1 

•J',l..Ml 
i'.\i-i 


Miiin 


I'.in  l-.„ii 
raiii:.'. 

II"'. -i; 
I  -Js 
II.-, 
I  .M 
I.:;  I 
1.1' J 
L.ai 
1.17 

I.IK 

11.70 
11.^1 

ll.s,-,l 

I. II 


■1  LI    II,, 


fit 
I    ■-'> 

I  ::ii 
lis 
l.:;i-. 
I.i:i 

l.(l!t 

I  .IIP 

II  7> 

(I  ;,7 

i.n 


I   IlitiTi«.l;iti'.|. 


'riii;  iiumtlily  raiiijc  is  ^'rcatcsi  in  winter  and  least,  in  snnnner. 
Oliscrvcd  al)S()liit('  niaxiinuin  and   niininiuin   and   estreine  ran;,'e.  referred  tn  ;!'.' ' 
l"'ali.,  and  at  tlie  level  ol"  tlir  sea: — 


Ma.xiiiunii 
.Miiiiinuni 


.';ii",7l  Nnvciiil.ri-  j.'i,  |m;ii 

Js.'.i:;         Oituliir      li;,  Im;ii 
1  si 


'i'iie  e.vtrcme  ranye  at  Van  Rensselaer  Harbor  was  "J. lo  iiielies. 

Tiihll'idH  of  llir  Altl)Onji],<  I'll-  I 'nun  II  rr  /ii  llif  l)i  rnlinil  ';/'  /,''■'     117//'/. 

'riio  changes  of  tho  baronietrir  ])vessnro,  deii(>ndinir  npon  tin'  direftion  of  tin- 
wind,  can  only  bi'  investigate  d  appro.viinntely  from  onr  observations,  since  tlir  wind 
a])p('ai's  to  blow  priiK'ipally  from  two  directions,  the  iinmber  of  entries  from  other 
dircction.s  being  c.vccedingly  few;  besides,  tlie  series  of  liarometric  olKcrvations  does 
not  extend  to  a  full  year,  and  the  daily  obser\ing  iionrs  are  not  s\iMmelriea!iy  ili>- 
triimteil  oMr  the  twi'iity  hours.      My  inean,>  nl   ihi    preceding  formula  i\pre.>sing 


I  I 


■''(> 


i;  i:('()  i;  i»  a  \  D  u  i:su  lts  of 


tlir  iiuiiMi'l  (liictiiiiliuii,  (lie  tmniiiKlric  lici;;lil  fur  ciicli  <liiy  was  ciphiipiUciI  and  miIi- 
Inicti'd  fnim  the  dIim  r\({l  licinla  at  tli<' Ikiuis  S  A.  M.,  iiooii,  I,  and  HI  I'.  M.  'I'Ikm' 
dillri'rncrs  (iidsitixc  (nr  i^icatrr,  iirjj;ativi'  iur  less  iircssiirr  tliaii  llic  iimnial)  \\<  re 
lalmlatcd  acciudiii;;  In  tli.'  diicctinn  id'  tlic  wind.  Alh'i  Iialamin^'  the  ii'^idliiiLf 
average  ctt'rct  Ini-  tlic  dirr(tii)ns  (true)  N.  [•],  and  S.  \\'.,  and  I'nr  cidnis.  it  aiipcars 
liial  tiic  liaiDinitric  cdluinn  is  dcpn'sscd  almut  ()".()7  diirin;^  N.  I',,  wind,  and 
rlcsalrd  ahdut  U"'A)i  duriii;,'  S.  W.  wind  anil  dnriii^  cdnis ;  at  X'aii  liriissclacr 
llarliDr  tlic  depression  during,'  N.  Iv  wind  wi's  0"'.()1,  and  tin;  cleNulidn  iliirin:,'  S.  W. 
wind  ((".Ol,  and  diirinj;-  calms  (»'".()l.' 

( ).sii//ii/iiiii  iif  llii    llnrmiii  1 1  (<■  ('n/iiiini  ilnr'nuj  S/nriii'i. 

Tliere  are  2')  storms  recorded  (see  discussion  of  winds),  during'  one-tliiid  ol' 
wliicli  the  haromet"r  was  notal)i\  afi'ected  ;  the  ranne  was  lietwcen  (l.:i  and  (>.!>  of 
an  iucli.  'I'iie  readinLCs  of  tin'  liammeter  during-  tiie  storms  of  No\('mlier  i>  and  1(1, 
lS(i(),  of  I'elirnary  if.  iMll,  and  of  Ajjril  IT,  iMil,  are  iihi^traled  ii_\  diagrams. 

:;  1  c.  ^  iiiMt',!  1  li  s  III  N  'J  -1  i;  s  niMi-,;  -i  i;  >  in  n  •,;  -4  i;  h 

illrlirs  Nuvi'lllliLT  1),  .NdVcllllpi'I'  IM. 

;tii. 


•4  h 

.3 


.1 

liii.lP 
'J|i  '.I 


1 — 1   I  I   I  I   I  r 


T~i   i    i    r~i"~T 


r-,    I   ,   I'll! 


roRci'ormNoS  /\ 


. —        o- 

1,^ 


oV 


e^V 


r 


-   \ 


\   ..^"y 


> 


*^> 


/\    r 


U.    7 


_   WIND  N.E.  X  WIND    S.W. 

I     I     I     I     I     I     I     I     I     I     I     I     I     I     I     I 


I     I     !     I 


s  111  N  2  4   i\    ■-   liiMt  i!   -1   li    s  111  N  J  -1   il   s   In  .Mt 
imln'S    I'Vliiiiarv  H.  KclTuary  In. 


;ii.i» 

.8 


.5 
.4 

.3 
.2 
.1 

20.O 


^1  1  1   1    1   1    1    M    1    1   1    1   1    1  1   1   1 

1    1    1 

0- 

l- 

2- 
> 

FOffCf  OF  WIND.                  \          / 

§7- 

>». 

WIND    N.E. 
1    1    1    1    1    1    1    i     !!    1    1    1    1    1    II    1 

1    1    1 

'  Sec   |i.    ins  ,,f  niy   Ui'iliictiiiii  nl'  Ciiptiiiii   MfCiiiilLn-k's   Metcurologicul   OI)siir>;ili(iii.-,  at  Port 
Rc'iini'ilv  tinil  lliilllii  li.iv. 


A    IM  us  I'  II  i:  l;  1  ('     !■  l;  ):.>>  (     i;  [.; 


MMil;    .1   .;   >  111  N  J     I   ,;   -  \„ 
Ai.ril  17. 


li'".'.' 


1    I    1    1 

1    1 

A  '  '  1 

1 

1 

/ 

\        / 

2 

ropcr  OF  \N  ndI 

1     -^ 

/.- 

5 

.1 

•^^ 

>  / 

^ 

^^ 

■^  1  / 

..6 

'  / 

6 

- 

y 

u,7 

- 

ya 

II 

: 

111' 

S.tV. 

All  iitti'iiiiil  Wiis  iiiiiili'  ti>  (ilitiiin  llic  vii|iiii'  inTssuiv  liy  iiiiaii-i  nf  liy.-TDiiii'trii'  iili-irviilinn^  liriwiin 
I'lliriiiiry  21  iiml  .\|iril  If.;  \\v\  Imili  llifrmuiiicU'i'  No.  I('il4  (coviTuil  witli  ;i  iliin  r.iiitin  ;'  in)  u:i- 
iTiiil  unci'  111'  thrru  tinus  a  iliiy.  C'lHiiimriiii;'  ii  willi  N'n.  ;!.  I  Iiml  ii~  iiii|i\  niiTrci  ,  irum  nin-' 
ciiiiiliiu'isiiiis  cmi'iMiS'  ^liiiw  fall,  r.^  —  l-.Hai  liii'  lriii|ii'rauin'  — l."i  (■'ali,  'I'ln'  nli-rrvuliiHi-,  liimiMi- 
wc'i'o  I'miiiil  too  l'i)ii,a:li,  (ho  jjivaU'st  prfci^joi/  lidim-  rr(|uiri'il  :ii  ihr-r  imv  liiii|iiiMtiin'>  v\|i,  m  ilir 
rulativi!  Iiuiiildity  ran  lie  doti'i'iiiiiivil  duly  ajipnixiiiiati'ly.  tlmiiiii  ilir  nuiiinii  al  aiuMiinl  u\  \,i|iui 
|irossiii'i'  (luinlly  cxrcciliiif;  li"'.(l-J)  may  In'  well  arnTlaiiiLiL 

Till'  (!l'|irii(lrM('u  of  tilt.'  Ulllinsiilii'rir  liiciistill'i'  mi  lla'  iliri'i'linn  i,r  ihr  uiimI  \\;i-  iMiinii  In  mraii^  nl' 
lalMilatiuii  (if  |-JS  cases  (if  ^no\v  or  rain  with  llii'  (lii'ci'iiim  nt  tlir  «iiii|. 

Dili'ilij;'  prcM'iliilation  it  lilrw  riCi  llaii's  fniin  Ihi'  S.  \V.  ;  il  \vii«  ralni  l.i  liim-  ;  am!  iIhi-i  urfr  Imi 
18  I'lilrit's,  iiiiislly  ill  sMiuiiicr,  uilli  N.  V,.  wiii'l  ;  7  uilii  S  !■;  ,  aii<l  ■_'  uiiii  W.  vsiml  S  W  i- 
llii'ri'fiirr  llir  rainy  i|iiarU'r,  a>  iai,:;lil  liavi'  Ik-i  n  r.\|iri  inl,  ami  lalni,-,  liiih  raliv.  a|i|ii  ar  i"  laviu 
lU'triliilaliiin. 


-W*' 


W  I  N  1). 


TiiK  din      ■  :;!     ■:(!  form  of  tlic  wind  at    Port    I'oidl 


toj^ctlicr  witi.  111.   observations  of  the  1 


ki'  was  iTcordcd 


iii-ii(Mirl\ 


Tiic  record,  liere  presented,  will  flieirfoiv  exfeii.l 
Dr.  Iliiyes  iuforined  iiie  tliat  tlie  dinrtioii  of 


iqieratiirc  and  iircssnre  of  ihc  aliiK 


with  reference  to  tl 


oNcr  eli\(n  inoiitlis. 
the  wind  was   iinarialiK  nr  (.nli  d 


le  /nil  in 


endiiui. 


Tl 


le  sfixle  of  foree  adopted  is  tlie  same  as  that  nsed  ii 


from  0  (ealm)  to  10  (hurricane)  in  accord; 


I  the  Kane  (Aiiediiimi.  \i/. 


nice  \Mtii  Smeiitoir  ■  tahL 


Kstiui.it.'J  nHuilii-r  I'i 
ol'  furct*. 


sum  in  IMMlliil-         Vi'lniily  ill  .-.I. 

[iiT  sijiKiri'  foot.         uiili's  |ii'r  liniir. 


0 

0.(1(10 

0 

1 

OlM);-) 

1 

2 

(l.dS 
(111 

1 

i 

•2  i; 

2:! 

5 

(1 

a  1 

V.li 

Hi 
40 

7 

!:> 

no 

s 

is 

(10 

S(l 

_ 

la 

lit 

IIIO 

The  force  of  the  wind  was  eslimated  Ii\  tlie  oii 


(    ',",':!   ) 


■J-2  \ 


I!  i:<o  i:  11  A  N  ii  i;  i:s  |-  irs  o  k 


ivi 


n 


i>il 

■ciiMji  ( Hill ;  iiii'l  lull  1'  III'  il 

1'  wliiil  iili-i  I'vril  lu'iir  mill  lit  I'mi  I'l 

.Mikr. 

S.| 

Iciiiliir,  Isco. 

lliiiir 

Irtt 

an           4 

5    ;     Ii 

7                  « 

\) 

Icili 

J  AM 

N  i:. « 

•  ••       •••       ••* 

•  •  •     j      ■  ■  ■ 

X.  i;.  5  1   ... 

•  •    • 

1 

•  ■   ■      1      .  •  . 

...   t   ... 

"  •    - 

.  .  . 

II 

t( 

...    1    ...       ... 

...           ... 

... 

.  .   . 

H 

** 

\,  11     N.  i:.  -1  K.N  \:.:> 

N.N.K-     raliii      N.K.  r.    N.K.:. 

.  .    . 

N.  i;, :. 

III 

" 

N.l.vlvi;        ••         N.N.Iv,-. 

1. 

... 

1. 

N'ncJll 

" 

••       .N.N.K.T 

N.N  K.;.       ■■            ••      ,       ■• 

... 

1. 

.1 
1 

If 

N.liyK.-        "       1        •■ 

...                       "             1               " 

niliii            "              "         N.  K  ii 

.  -    , 

X.  ■< 

!• 

N.  K... 

...                  ...         1               " 

...            "              .1       1       1. 

N.  i:. ;; 

II 

<( 

X.\V.:i 

--  ■    N..N.I;.-- 

i'mIiii 

•I     ] 

.1 

III 

N.W... 

....       ■'       ] 

,. 

1 

.X.  ;i 

'- 

■■■•' 

■  ■  ■  i  ■ '  ■  i 

"        ,      '■'     1     •••     i     ■•• 

•V- 

— 

llnl.r 

mil 

Ti               l!)               14 

1 
If)        i      111        1      17        '      1« 

10 

anth 

JAM 

... 

N.  !•:. ;;    .\  i:.  i      -  -  - 

-  -   -           rallii 

N.  K.  i;     X.  K.  1 

N   K.-. 

N.  !■:  .-. 

1 

. .  . 

•■            ■•        \.  K.  1 

N.  K.  1 

1 

N .  K.  'J 

'■ 

i; 

- .  . 

-  .    -       '           "                 -  -    . 

tt                           tt 

1.       ]       ,. 

11 

II 

,s 

Cilllll 

N.  !■:.  1 

11                      Ii 

X.  K.  r. 

K 

II 

" 

111 

" 

N.K.I 

S.  W.  2 

II 

-    .     . 

'1 

.1 

N 

■• 

N.K. .-.       "       N  i:. :. 

"      ■    --  -      X.  K.  (!  '  N.  K.  r. 

X.  K. :; 

.) 

" 

N.  i:.  1 

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1            1 

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r  liMic  pull 

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'••1  11,  ^  r.  M.     I'li'WiiiL'  in  -ijii;i 

Is  i.lV  -linlv. 

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S.|.t,.iii 

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11  Iii-avy  .-'in. ills. 

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I'  1  l;  i:r  r  1  u  N     asm    l  n  i;  i    I.    Ill     U  I  N  h. 


■•*• 


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(((■InlMr,    l^(,l). 


lluiir  Isl 


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riillil 


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N.  C.  :;    N.  i;.  I     i;aliii 
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Oi.'tolipr  li,  miiliiiulit.     ricmim:  in  Ihmvv  si|iiiills. 

October  7.     Dlowiiii:  in  ln'ftvy  ?  ni.lH.i  iliiiim;  lln'  rutin'  d.iy. 

Oi'tolier  .'?.     Ulowini;  in  lic'ivy  si|uall^  iluring  tlif  diiy. 

Oi'tolior  !l,  10  1'.  M.     lUciwim;  in  siiiliUs. 

Octnlior  10,  8  A.  M.     Win.l  lilnwini;  in  ?.|n,'ill--. 

October  14,  8  A.M.     lilnwini;  in  ln'avy  .^iiiinlN. 

Oi'tulor  'ill.     Wiii.l  lilciwiiitr  in  In/.-ivy  .^.iii:ills  tliriiii-'Ii'-nl  tli.'.l.iy. 


■^',1       Dc'Ci-'inbcl',  ibOi>. 


li 


tm 


ni;r(H!  i»  a  n  h  i;  ksults  ok 


Mill  <  iiMii  (inii  )  mill  lurri'  hI'  IIh'  w  iml  kIi-iim  i|  ai  I'lii'l  I'lHilkc. 
Nuvcmlicr,  HUO, 


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t; 

H 

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4 
li 
8 
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Id 


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a  4 

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s 

A 

- 

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II 

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7 
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I 


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•»■»•: 


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10 

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t 

i; 

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I      ■'     I  -■•  X.  K.-/    --. 


N.  !•;.  4 
s.  \v.-- 


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I }' 


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Iiircrtiuii  (inir)  iiiiil  fiiiTi'  III'  till'  wiiiil  nli.-ci'vril  ill  I'lirl  Fmilki' 
Jaiiiiiirv,  iM'il. 


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:JA.M. 
4 

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10 

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2 
4 

r, 

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« 


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caliii      S.  W.--      culiii       N.  I-;. laliii       N.  1).-- 

ciiliii  "  ••  S.  !■:,  1  N.  K.-- 

N.  !•:.  r,  S.  K.  -2  N.  i;.  .'i    N.  K.  d 

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ii; 

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4 

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18 


19        I     2«lli 


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I 


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calm 


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X.  !•:  I 


1  .11.         s.  K.  1 

c,      s.  K.  :\  '  S.  W.  4 


iti 
12 


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calm       X.  i;.  .'! 


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2:i 


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I  "  "       j        ••                "  S.  W...     calm  "  "  X.-. 

i;  "  "               "               "  "             '■'  "  "  calm         "      '  X'.K. 

s  "  X.  i:.  1          .....  s  \V.  1         "       X  i:.  I  S.  i;.  4       "       N'.  K.  a    calm 

III  ..  ^..jIiii                                                                    ,,                                       ;                                          ..  ..                                                                       .1  ..  ,,  I                                 ..                                                                  ..                                 I 

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311  31st 

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1 


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i._. 


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April  rp.     1(1., 

viiig  in  -|U:ill>  thniiu 

hiiiU  til.' 

l;iy. 

April  21.   Wii 

■I  M'lwiiu  ill  fii'i^'.v  > 

Iiiill^  thr. 

mJumt  til 

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iii 


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1!  i:f'()  I!  i»  A  N  11  (;  c  -  r  i/rs  nv 


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M.iy  :iii,  111  r.  M. 

Wiml  Iilowini:  in  heavy  si]iialU. 

Maylil.     Wiiitl  1.1 

miiig  ill  lH*a\  y  siiiiall,-*  all  day. 

. 

'"  '■'  i:<Ti()  N  A  N  II  i-()i;fi:  o  r  w  i 


V  |l 


Hiivci 


•luiic,  lsi;i. 


Hour  1st       I        2 

3  A.M.!  X.  i;.-.    X.  K 


ID 


10 
12 


s.  !■:.--   N. 


riiliii        N.  i:...     N. 


N    K  --    N 


i'  l"ih 


i:  ■-  N.  i: 


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N  i:.  :i   N  i:.  1    N. 

X.  K,  J 


N  i:  I    X  i:  I 


ciilni 


I'lllMl 


N.  !■: 
N.  i; 


N,  |-    I 


Hour    ,      nth      i        12 


I'i        '        14 


15 


Id  17 

\V.--   S    W 


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!<.  W.-- 


Hour  21st 


23 


2T      I       2S       I      SO       I     ;?i'tl 


A.M.  f^.  \V. 

(!     I 

S     :  -  . 

n»     i  I'aliii       S.  \V.  1     X,  K,  1 


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10 
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'■ill/''     :     '•'I'"         '■aim       S.  W.--    S.  W..-    S.  W,..     r,,!,,,     I     niliii         .nim 

'   '         ::      ;;      ;:      ::  ^  ^y- :  " 

culiri 
S.  W    ;    >  \\    7    s.  W  .,         •■       i 

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...  "  I  " 


fiilm 


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s.  w...  s.  w...  s.  \v. 


8  \V  I 


.Uino'lii,  fi  A.  M.  to  miiliri^li'.     lilmvitic  in  sipi.-ills. 

.lime  17,  1>.     r.lowiiii;  in  heavy  s.|u:ills  thr()ii!,'hoiit  tlu'  Jay. 

.June  11).     Wiud  blowing  in  s.juall.s. 


Jii        Ducembci-,  1805. 


It  i:  CO  111)    A  N  1)    K  K.SU  LT.S   OF 


I  I,! 


IW 


I>irccti()ii  (inu)  mill  I'l 

I'c'c  ol'  llio  wiinl  oIlsitvi'iI  III  mil 

I  ill  iliu  viriuiiy  111'  I'lifl  J''uiilkc.           1 

Hour 

1.4t     1      2            3 

July,  Itsill. 

4           6            (I 

7 

H              9       1      lit            11 

12lli 

:!A.M 

s.w.-.s.w. 

N.K--  X.lv.-N.K.-- 

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1 

u 

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— 

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:iii<l  Sir  |\  I,.  .Mr( 'liiitdck's  (iliMi-\;iii(iii^. 

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11S!11,'(\  fVoill  till"  solllll,  W.stWlird  to  IKKt  .  ;i  li  iirtimi  cnrn  >lMiliililii,'  to  tlial  nt'  tin 
rotation  (if  the  \viii(U  ill  tlir  northrni  hmii-iilicri' ;  and  /•,  c,  /•,  ...  il> 
vcsiicctivc  vclocitiis,  wliicli  may  ho  mi|i]iom(|  r\|iriN>,.(l  in  niili  •.  per  imnr.  and  lit 
tli<' olocrvatioiis  l)o  nia(l<' at  ciinal  intcrvaN  (I'nr  in>fanic  lioinlv).  Aildiii:^-  np  a'l 
xclocity-nundicrs  rrt'rrrinii;  to  t lie  >anii'  wind  during'  a  L,'i\i  u  pi  rind  (v;i\  niic  nioiilli ). 
and  rcpn'sontin;,Miii'->r  quantitic-;  hy  x,  .s\  .s,  ....  tiir  nnnilirr  n|'  niih - 
ot  air  transferred  hodily  over  the  pha  e  of  ohx  r\ation  li\  w  inds  /inm  the  ■^oiithuard 
is  e.\pre.ssed  hy  the  formula. 

/4  =  .v,  <7,.s'  0,  +  .>•■_,  i',,y  I).  +  .s',  <;,.s  (/',  +    .... 

and  for  A^■inds  /Vo//;  the  westward 

//„  •■'■|    ''III    11,  +   -v  ,  sill    II.   -f   .V,    ,■-/,/    "     + 

'I'lie  residtini;-  ipiaiitity  /,'.  and  tlie  iuiyle  y  it  forms  with  llie  meridian,  are  found 
hy  '.lie  e\j)ressi(i!i> 

U  =  v'//7+  AV-  and  /in I  ;  '" 

/i , 

'I'iie  i^eneral  formuhe,  in  tln'  (iim'  of  ei:,lit   principal   diici  tioiis  o.  a-.-.iiiiii'  tin    fnl- 

lowini,'  eon\eiiient  I'orni : — 

y.',  „_.  ( s—X)  +  ( ,v w—xi: )  x^ !  —  ( x  \v—  si: )  x/ 1, 
/,',„:=: (11 -_/•.)+  sw'—xi:)  ^''l  +  ^.vl^— >/.)  ^'], 

where  tin'  letters   ,S',   SW.    \V.  etc..  re|)resent  the  -^iiiii    of  all    \eloeilirs    e\pri'^-.ed    in 

mill's  per  hour,  durim,^  the  i^ixi n  period,  or  the  ipiantity  of  aii-  moved  in  the  direc- 
tions ,V,  ,S'I1'.  ir.  etc..  re^peelixely.  /,',  I'ejiriMIlt'-  the  total  iplantits  of  air  trans- 
ported   /ii    the    imrlliiriiril.   and    //„,    the    same    trailst'crred    In    the    <  n^tirn ril .       'fhese 

formula',  for  iiractieal  ap])lieatioii.  may  he  put  in  the  followiui;  <'on\enient  lorni  ;  — 

Let    S—X     II  sw'—xr:  -<■ 

ir— /•;    /-  .vir— ,s7';    ./ 

Then 

/,',  //  riis   4  II  4    n.'iO'l   (i—il) 

/,'„.      /■'  ■"hi »;  -^  ii  f  !).'{)',  ('  4-//J 

Since      /,'         /,'  /,'      represent'-  the  ipiantit\  nt'  air  jias'^cd  over  diirin;^'  tin    i,d\cii 

|)i'rioil.  in  the  direction  0  !l()  v'''  respect i \cl \ .  we  mn^t.  in  older  to  tiiid  the  a\cr;  :;,• 
M'locitN  for  any  residlinir  directi m.  divide  hy  u  or  h_v  the  iiinnher  ol'  obscrvatiiiiis 
diiriuL!'  that  period;   we  then  have 


A'. 


A'„ 


!;=."«  i;       ""■  and    I 

II  II 


,       I! 


A   ]lartilleof   air  which    \v..^    Vi\  the    place    of   oli-Mrvatioil  at   ihe  i  oliilnencelnellt 

of  till'  iieriod  —  ol'  a  da\.  for  in-.laiice  —  will   he  loimd   at    its  clo-.e  in  a  dini  tion 
InO    +  »|  and  at   a   distance  of  A'  miles,  eipml   to   a    moveini  nt  with    an   aveia:,'e 

/' 

Velocity  of     '  .      'I'his  suii|)oses  an  eipial  and  parallel  motion  ol  all  particles  ]>assii|;^r 


1  .m\ 


i.    I 


L';!(i 


I!  i;co  i;  P  A  \  i>  i;  i:s  r  i/is  o  !■■ 


(iMT  tlic  locfilily  ;  tlir  Icii^'lli  III'  the  padi  (Irsciilinl  liy  each  call  lie  ruiinil  li)  till' 
Miiiiiiuifiou  of  all  tlic  /"s  (t'(ir  cacli  hour)  (iuriiii;  tlic  iiciioil. 

'i'lic  i^'vcat  variability  in  the  dinctioii  and  lorcc  ot'  the  wind  drniaii(l>  h>\\\i  iiciiods 
I'm-  which  it  may  he  dcNiraiilc  to  liiiny  out  r(>ultinfj  \ahiis,  A  >iiiidi\i>i(in  ul'  the 
reduction  into  niontlily  jx-riods  has  been  t'ound  coincniiul.' 

No  sjjccial  iidvantaj,'c  wonid  he  gained  hy  inilndiiiLj  more  than  ei;,'lit  directions, 
and  ill  tlie  tew  cases  where  such  intermetliale  ilirections  were  recorded  tliey  will  he 
referred  to  the  nearest  princiiJal  direction,  and  if  midwa)  between  and  oc(  inriny: 
more  than  once,  they  will  be  refernd  alternati  ly  to  the  iireceding  and  follow 


nil. 


du'ection. 


Occasional  omissions  in  the  record  were  sujiiilied   iiy  interpolation  ;  it  is  to  b 


rcffrctted  that  so  manv  blanks  occur  in  tlie  column  for  force  of  tli 


e  wniil 


The  followin;;  taliie  gi\('s  the  ^.um  of  tlie  Nelocitj-iiumliers  fir  eacli  month  and 
for  each  of  the  jirincipal  eiyht  directions  of  wind;  also  the  resultini^  numbers  (nr 
each  season  of  the  ji'ar  as  deduced  from  bi-honrly  observations  by  apiilication  of  the 
preceding  nietliod. 

The  nuinbei--  for  Aiiuu-t  were  interpolated  li\'  takinii;  llie  mean  of  the  .Tiii_\  and 
Septemlier  nuinlii  r-;. 


i 

1m;(i 

l-'il. 

1 

Till,. 

n.M'. 

.Ian. 
II 

I'rl..    M.ir.    April    M:iv 

1 

11          1          0          <> 

IlIlM' 

1 

.'mI.v 

.\UK. 

1-1,1 

S 

a 

1    ! 

1 
is 

5 

f.l.l 

Kiri'i'I'n 

o,.J> 

1 

'ttv. 

II 

S              II 

."ii;i 

;J;» 

1(1 

r.iM 

II 

1 

.'ill 

N.    ;  !i;i:. 

o 

:; 

II 

l:;i-J      •_'!        II        II 

1 

.'illll 

iiiiiii 

i:;i;. 

•2\ 

aiiT 

■-'^Tii 

W.    '      0 

.■is(l 

II 

II 

II         1        II       IT 

;t 

•  1 

:;--ii 

a 

|s 

i: 

liil 

I-:         i;  1 

II 

II 

.', 

1        II        II        II 

•>\ 

i-J 

CI 

;i 

II 

i;:; 

|:a; 

s  \v.      .-,7 

l-tTfl    . 

<',K\ 

Il;-ill 

Is7 

Hi:;    L'l  1  ilTi:    ls| 

il'l.'L' 

ITa.'i 

SS| 

•.'4L'r, 

Illll 

.'.Tl 

;l':> 

iii;t."i 

N.  K.  -i:,-> 

H-2:>:>. 

li'.i 

'ilTr. 

;i;ti 

iT.'iii  lli8!i  ;iH,s4  -jrii'is 

l:;iiii 

:j',i| 

:ili:i;!  1 

7 1  lit; 

lL>s'.iT  ■ 

U41 

"ir.i; 

l:.'si;l 

.V  W.     lis 

•.i 

II 

i; 

II        0        {)■        t 

i; 

1 1 

l.M 

li'- 

1 

s;; 

•-'11 

s   !■:      :;iii 

•2 

'' 

s-J 

IT   -.;-   -;.'i;      II 

1 

11 

ii;i 

;iT 

HlL' 

ii;i 

it:; 

lii.-.r, 

(iuaiitity  of  air  passed  over  tlie  plan  i'  obMr\ation,  during'  a  year,  oMstU  miles  ; 
at  \'an  Jlensselaer  Harbor  I'J*.')!*,  J$atliii  Hay  (l-,'!!!):').  and  Tort  Kennedy  «;s!(k;. 

.\pplyini,'  the  fonniihe  for  reduction  to  tluse  numbers,  they  <j;\\v  tlie  resultiiiir 
ipiantity  of  air,  Ji',  [lassed  over  during  the  period,  and  its  direction  i|. 


'    A    I'lill    ilhisli'iilinn    mill   ex |ilr   ul'  iIm'    iin'llinil    ul'  niliirl  imi  will    lir   rniiiiil  ..ii   ]i:i;rc   i;:!   ul'  my 

lucliiiii   nl'  Cinilaiii    McCiiuliii'k'.s    Meli'ulMloL'iciil    Ulir-crviitiuiis.       .'Smiih-.iMiuii    l'.,iii  riliiilioiis    to 


KihiwIimIuc,  IsiiJ. 


I"  I  i;  lie  r  I II  \    \  \  \\   i  di;  r  i:  ti  i    w  i  \  i> 


Si]ilrlMlicl' 
OcIiiImt    . 
N'iivcimIm'I' 
It.  muliii' 
•llllllllUT    . 
l''i'lii'iuu'y 
.Miiivl,       . 
April 
.M;iy 

.llllM.' 

.Inly 
Aii^'ii-l 

AiiMiiini  . 
\Viiilcr  . 
S|iriMu-  . 
Siittiiui'r . 


V.;U' 


*  » 


>I.'.S 


■l:i:i«i 


i; 

I'l'y 

«< 

|s„.J 

ITi':; 
:'IT1 
2:;.M 

1: 

;; 

1'.' 
•J  II 

I  r 

''.'.( 

1-2 

.'i'.l 

Jl  I 


•J  1 ; 


j-'i 
jji 


:;:;l 


U.-i.'liiu  ti 

.lil.M  II. .11, 


:•>        '       N  i; 


N  I-; 
N  i; 

N  !•:  1. 

<   N 

.\  i:  1 

!•: 

N.  K    , 

i: 

\  i: 

s  w 

.«<    W    ' 

s 

N  i: 

^   N 

N  i: 

N  i:  i 

N 

N  i;  , 

i: 

•/. 

N  I-: 


'I'lii'  result iIl^r  ilircctiini  i.l'  lli.-  w  inil  ;ii  I'm-f  I  .■nll^i-  ilMvini,'  tlir  p.  liml  i  i  .uu  \.  ,ii- 
is  tViiin  the  N.  !■',.  (tnir).  whii  li  ;i:;-riis  wiih  ili.  ::i  m  imI  niiiMiiniit  nf  tlir  iitiiii.^iijiii-.- 
ill  the  Arctic  rr^-iiiii>  :i>  ni;i(lt  ..nt  li_\:  I'r.if.  ,1.  il,  ( '..llin ;'  tlic  r.  -iihinur  iliicctiun-.  ;ii 
\';iii  Ki'iis-clarr  S.  S.  W.  ii.;iri\ .  mid  in  [!:itTin  l>.i\  (liititmlc  rJ  .•"•.  inimitudc  d.')  .s) 

N.  \\  .    liV  N  .  dn  lint    li;;-rcc  with   lliis  d.  dm  t  inn,  1 11  It  whrtllrr  tili>  i>  n\\  iii:^-  tn  .■il|iiiii:i- 
Inlls   Incill     intlllcncc-..  nl'  wllllini'  it    imilits  fn  ;i    limditicilt  inll    nt'   tllc    l;i\\    c;ili   niiK    lin 

M'ltlfd  wlicii  u  (.iTcatrr  iniiulicr  nt'  olivci-\attniis  w  iLl  Innc  lin  u  diMiisMil.  at  ihtm  ul 
it,  iqniiars  must  likely  due  to  local  cii'tuiii>taucrs. 

f,'i/ti/iri     pri  iiiii  iiii/  "I    null    \\"i  ml  <i  ml  nl    I'nliiK. 

'I'lic  I'ldlouiii:;  taliir  ni'  mniilicis  nl'  relative  t'r'  i|iieiii  y  eniilaiiiv  til.'  iintidMr  nt' 
entries.  //.  (if  eucli  \\iiid  and  of  calms. 


tiiim. 

s,.,.t. 

Is 

11,1. 

.ill. 
N..V. 

D... 

.Ian. 

K.-li. 

M:.l. 

JlUI.' 

1    n 

^ 

•July 

A  111.'. 

111. .■11... 
I,.'..  .1 

S, 

(1 

I:i 

(1 

II 

II 

II 

1 

II 

II 

1 

1; 

:i 

I-.' 

(1 

1 

10 

.);[ 

\ 

•'  s 

J 

:; 

II 

II 

:;:; 

1; 

II 

II 

l' 

.'. 

ir. 

:;.; 

:;:; 

1; 

'j-» 

'.1.1 

\V 

11 

1  1 

II 

0 

II 

(1 

1 

II 

17 

II 

1 

.> 

I'.i 

11 

|s 

1; 

1:; 

i:. 

J 

11 

11 

II 

.", 

■1 

h 

II 

0 

II 

1:. 

V 

■  ) 

!i 

(1 

■ji 

a,'i 

s  \v. 

ir. 

."iS 

:;; 

i:. 

:;i 

:;i 

11 

'*7 

\'\ 

i:..". 

l:ai 

7 '' 

1  In 

1  1:; 

1-1 

;;.■. ,' 

7':l 

\.  K. 

:.'r.i 

171 

1  ;i!i 

|s;i 

lia; 

17a 

li;:. 

177 

lil.". 

nil 

-.: 

1 M. 

i;l;i 

.'tj-i 

1 

.'i.'i'.i 

•Jl  1    .X 

N  \V. 

.*[ 

II 

(1 

I'l 

II 

II 

II 

1 

11 

i; 

,) 

V 

1; 

1 

II 

_!'• 

s.  v.. 

l:i 

.) 

,:, 

■  ) 

::i 

7t 

;!i; 

:;i 

i;.'i 

II 

'.III 

1 

'.n 

a 

\) 

:.'(( 

:;.-,.-, 

."'T 

1,. 

i:;i 

Calm- 

(s 

in:. 

lb 

i:;:. 

i:ai 

'HI 

iiji 

Ms 

'.Ml 

■  *  1 '. '  1 

j',i;i 

1  Jiij 

'   Twi'll'ili  iiii'i'lliiu' 111'  tl).    Am.  A.s,~.ii  iaii.iii.  linhininri 
''  iScf  null'  on  |iii.jrr  111!  Ill' <'iiplaiii  Mi'('lliii".'k'.-  M.'lr. 
Ihini  iiuijriu'lle  t"  Inic  (liret'lluii  at  llii-  li!irli..r. 


|s.-,s. 


n.li.'.'i.'nl  |liH.'ii--i.iii-.  cxpliiiiiiiiL'  till'  I'liMii! 


:iS 


i:  I'cd  i:  i>  A  \  I)  i:  i:s  r  i/i's  o  v 


It'  \\v  ildiililc  tlic  iiiiiiiIm'I'-^  ill  I'iirli  I  iilmiiii,  we  I'iihI  llir  iiiiiiilirr  nl'  lidiir^  iliii-iiiu' 
wliii  li  I'JM'li  \>iiiil  lili'W,  or  iliii'iii;;  \\liii'li  it  \\;i>  calin,  lui'  ciii  li  |iri'iiiil.  'I'ln-  yvf- 
Miililli,'  wind  is  tllr  N.  I',..  lnAt  to  it  the  S.  \\',.  wliilr  tllc  rclativr  tVri|il('ii(  v  nl'tlir 
ililllis  is  lictwccll  tllc  two  ;  nil  iitlirr  \\  ili(l>  iilr  alioiil  (•(|lliili_v  lllirn'(|Mrlit.  |',\|ircssc{| 
ill  |ii  r((iit;i;,fi'  llic  iViciiK  III  y  (if  ili(  N.  r,.  i-  17,  nl'  ( ,iliii>  •Jl,  nf  S.  \\  .  n.  iiiiil  lor 
llir  >is   I'lllKiinili;,'  (li|•^(■linll^  nil  tllc  ii\(  riii,'c   I  ',. 


Tllhlr   nl' 

.llr.'i'tlmi. 

■ulllllMli-nM   (i 

I'l'hiliu'  III' 
r.irt  I'..iiI!;m. 

|l|i'Mr\ 

Van 

nl'    »  illlj- 

mill  I'aliii  -. 

I'mI  Ki-iiiii- 

ly. 

Trill 

I.'ii-srlaiT.        lialliii  Hay. 

s 

^';i 

tin                 L'l:; 

tl 

s  w  , 

, 

7r.| 

:;;ii 

.■ll."p 

i:.:i 

w 

, 

,                   , 

i;j 

II  <; 

^■ll\ 

jSS 

\  w 

, 

•                   * 

L".l 

;;::<i 

IJ:;:! 

Ii'mII 

N 

,                   , 

li.'i 

III 

.C'O 

Ijl 

-N  i:  . 

I-: 

• 

lMCiS 

•  l-> 

."ii; 

^'.I'.l 

1  iiii 

s,  i:.  . 

l;;l 
1  L>li:2 

III 

,".ii:l 

111 
■,r,| 

('llllllS 

■ 

• 

.);,;;.> 

:!tl 

'I'lii>  tiililc  c\liil)its  liic  extreme  Miriiitieiis  in  tlic  rrciiiiciuy  nl'  llie  winds  ;it  dil- 
rciciit  idciditics  and  in  ditt'crciit  ycirs;  at  Nan  i;eii>-claer  llaiiidr,  witli  a  ndrtliwcsl 
c\|)ii-,urc,  the  N.  I".,  wind  is  least  tVc(|iienl  ;  nt  I'nrt  loiilKc,  a\  illi  a  west  e\|iii~iire. 
it  i^  tiie  iiiii-t  rre(|iient  wind.  At  he  iatti  r  [dace  the  nmnlier  of  lidiirs  of  (■alin>  is 
liali'  that  nuted  at  the  I'orincr  plac  e. 

Ai'i  I'liiji     \'.  Iiiiil  11  iij'  llii     Wind, 

'I'lie  a\craLce  \el(ieity  id'  each  el'  ihe  ei),dit  [>riiicii)al  w  imU  lor  each  season  and 
year  is  luniid  liy  di\idiii^;  the  siii  ol'  the  velocity  nniiihers  by  //.  or  tiic  niiinlier  id' 
eiilrio  diiriiiL;'  tiie  iicrind;   tin    \eliieily  is  exjii'v^cd  i:.  miles  jicr  hmir. 

Vi'liii'liv. 


Tnii'  'lirt't  t'uiii. 
S.    . 

s  ^\■     . 
\v. 
N  \v 

N.  . 

N.  !•:.    . 

lO.   . 

s.  ]•: 


15 

!l 
H 
I'.ll 
'.'1 
4 
S 


Axerat,'!'  \e]oeily  of  all  wimK  ihroiinhout  the  year  111  miles  per  hour,  jn'odiuinu' 
a  modcralely  t'rcsji  lirce/e.  'The  a\erane  velocity  iit' the  air.  taKin:'  al>o  the  niiiiilpcr 
(d'  calms  into  consideration,  is  14  miles  jier  lionr.  At  \'an  lleiisselacr  llarlior  the 
average  velocity  of  all  winds  was  T,  in  HafHii  Hay  17,  and  at  Port  I'iennedy  IS 
miles  per  hour.  These  numbers  arc  imt  stri(;fly  comparalile,  since  tlie  xidocity  of 
the  wind  at  each  locality  depends  npon  estimation. 

The  velocities  of  the  N.  \\.  and  ,S.  A\'.  wimls  alone  are  toleralilv  well  ascertained, 
there  Iteiiii;  loo  few  entries  (d'  other  winds. 


\>  I  i:  i;(  i  1 1)  N   A  .N  1'   Ml  i;  t  I    III    \\  I  \  |. 


Willi   ITslirct   In  111,.  ill(|i!i(ntiu|l  (if   till     law   «(  l-utiitinli   nf    wil.il^    t.i    till-   I<m  ,.IiI\. 

tllf    ivronl,  inlil;iiiiiiiy    nii.stl)     N.    l".,  ;ili(l    S.    W  ,  ■lilvt  t  inn-  U  ll  ll    III. Ill)    ,  allli^.  .jni  , 

lint    ■A\<\UAY  Id  hr  MlllicicUtly  Will  Mtil.  (1    In    <^\\r  \allU      to    aU\    IVMllt   ill  ;t    llliulll    111 
ilriluird. 

til  I  II,-,;  ,11 1    iliiil    Ihli'illi'iii    ill'    Sliii'lil-,, 

111  llic   fnlliiwiii^   list    all   MuMiis  aiv   in.  Iml,  ,|    ihin  .ir  vvliii  li    tin     I'Mm   mI'  >mihI 
rriiclliil  till'  CMiiVciitiiilial   liliiiilprr^  *  aiai   s. 


Dato. 

liiiratiuii. 

I'lri'i  linn. 

1..  ir  ,   1,   . 

iMIJO.  Si'iitnnlicr  1 

1(1" 

X.  v.. 

•1.  .V 

21 

N  N  i; 

•-'■■!,  -J  1        . 

>.'« 

N.  K 

r.iii-.iiiH  III 

li  II  nil. .Ill  ir'.,i.'i. 

■j>,  j'.i,  ;)ii,  1 

M 

N.  !■:. 

. 

Ui  inlii  r      i;,  7.  H      . 

H 

8.  W 

I::.  II. 
i'.i    , 
:;i,  1 

h; 
1 

X  !■: 
N  !•: 
N.  i: 

liar.iiiMl.  1 

I'lll  iili.iiii  11"  1 

NnVlllllirl'    '.1,    In 

1' 

.N 

■;  nil. IS  '■ . 

lliii'.iiii.'tn 
iMirv  I'll- 

-lr..l|..'l\    illV.  .1.  .1  ; 
r  II  '.">.'i  nil.  !•  llii'  V'. 

III.  r- 
1.' 

II. 

111 

N    1'. 

H.ii.iiii'  li 

r.ii  -i,,«u 

h;    . 

HI 

N  i; 

ri.ii'Miii.  Ill 

IVll  -ri.liiiillviiinl  V 

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storms  iiii|ii'ar  more  frciiiii  iil  in  uiiilir  lliaii  in  sinnncr.  Nmir  of  ilir  ;.'alis  niitiij 
can  III' classrd  anioiiL;-  tlir  volatorv  storms.  cMt'iitiii:,'  lliat  of  .Novriuliir  ^  ami  !•. 
iStiO.  and  thai  of  Ajiril  1  \.  \^{\\  ;  diniui:-  llirsr  two  .^tonlls  tlic  wind  siiil'i.  d  linm 
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Au-'il-t  :i.     nil   Hh.iiIi'  I U  ;  ciliii  ninl  lii;lil  iiir^4, 

Aiik'U^t  4.     Ni'iir  Kiiii;:ilak  l"!.'!!!'!  :  c.'iliii  aii'l  IIl'IiI  ail-. 

Aiu-ii-t  .'i,  iHiiiii.     I.ij-'iit  Ipii'i'/..'  I'riHii  N.  W.  ;  l(K)k  piinl  on  Imai'l,  an.l  inli'iw.l  I'li.i-i'ii  al  iniJiii-lil. 
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I  ntiiiii  all! 


1  uii.liii  'l.t.     ■;  I'.  .\1,     I'. 


lii'lHiTii  11 iiliT  inlaiiiU  ami  sl^lllllll   L'linnavik  l^lilnll.     Al  !>  1'.  M.  limU  piliit  on  luianl,  aicl  inlinil   li.iin-li 

llarliiir  at  In  1'.  M.     Uuiii'il  tlio  Imily  u(  tlio  (.'ar|ii'nli'r,  tlm  |iarii-li  piii'-l  lilUiialiiiL;. 

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4],  r.  i\I. ;  at  f>  ilrnii|ii'il  ani'linr  on  aiiuiint  of  Miullnrly  rurrriit. 

An,i,'ii«t  17.     Itnt  uniliT  way  at  7  A.  M.,  witli  n  llclit  iiinllii'ily  air.     Calni  fimn  4  I'.  M.  till  in ni'\t  ilay. 

AiiL!U.<t  I.-,  111.     Calm.     Mii.-t  nl'  tliu  tiini-  at  niii'lnii'  ttf,»t  nf  KiiiL'ii'rlc  Ulan.l.     nii  t'...'  niumin;  nl' 


Aiigiixt 'Jil,  i'iiiniin'ni'1'4  ivar|>lni<  from  iii'lunL;  to  ii'i'liiMi; ;  toHiil  tin 


I'l  li.r  4  mill' 


al  -J.  1'.  .M.  a  N.  \V.  «in.l 


nwf  ;   lii'nt  lii'twui'ii  tin;  ihlainl.^  ii|i  to  'I' 
AlU'il.'t  21,  7  A.  .M.     lii-ai'lii'il  Tiumi: 


ak. 


ak  llarl.or;  limnri.l  vi-m4  al  tlnMnnntli  nf  l.illl.-  llail".r. 


AulHsI 


lint  iimlir  w.iv  at  4  1'.  M. 


AML'ost   U:t.     At  4  A..M.  alnrast  of  llor^i's  II,.a.l,  .li-l.int  .''.  inil.n.     Wiiil  S.  \V.,  I'. 4  L.tu-n   4  A.M.  ,-in  1 

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^'I'lit.  2,  noun.  KiiliTHil  tlio  pauk  I  iiiili-  Hi'nt  of  liittli'toii  Islaihl ;  coiitiniioil  lieatiiig  tliroiii^li  pack  wusl  of  l»lanil  ; 
aniliori'<l  on  noitli  slior.'  of  llartstiMii'  Hay  at  4  1*.  M.  in  7  fallioius.     Sc'|it.  ;i,  4,  fi.    At  aiii'lior. 

Sept.  (i,  111  A.  M.  TowimI  till'  vi'ssfl  towapl  I.ittli'ton  Islainl ;  sloppi'il  liy  icii  at  ilortli  oml  of  c-liaunel  belwueii 
M.dary  aii'l  I.itlli'ton  Nlaiirl-i.     Miiliiiulit,  piilli'il  out  cif  tin-  I'aok  aii'l  iiiaiif  sail  for  Uaitsti'iiu  Uay. 

Si'pt".  7.    I'ai.ii'  to  aiic-lior  at  :i.l  A.  M.  Ipolwuun  islam!  au.i  bliur  wust  siilo  of  winter  harbor. 

Si'|it.  H.    Coniiiiunci'd  war|iiiii!  at  4  1'.  M. 

Si'pt.  11.  "  A.  .M.    \Va^pin^';  at  fi  P.  .\I.  moori'il  tlio  vnssi'l  in  winti'r  llna^t^'r^l,  lica'l  to  tlif  oast. 

f'l'pt.  U.    e-mail  jiancak'-  ii'i'  011  tin'  ivati'r  il  1'.  M.  ;  strons'  ii'o  lilink  in  tlm  west  at  10  I'.  .M. 

^^l'p^  l:i.  .1  Aiiriija'  wry  brii,'!it  iu  N.  W. ;  no  oilier  stara  visible  at  In;  stars  of  seeiMul  and  tliinl  niaiinituile 
visibli'  at  I'J. 

Sept.  14,  l'<.    Low  mist  bank  near  western  borizon.  Hept.  Ill,  S  P.  M.    I'anrakn  ieo. 

Sept.  ill,  (1  1'.  M.    Ko«  bank  near  western  borizon.  Sept.  21,  10  A,  M.    Pancake  iue. 

Se]'t.  'J2.    lee  ilriftiiiK  in  from  onlsiile  ;  mist  bank  on  west  liorizon. 

Sept.  if,  .1  A.  M.    Ire  bcLMii  movim.',  anil  at  li  ba'l  ilisajipeareil. 

Sept.  24.  10  P.  M.    Clim.ls  in  iN.  W.  ilhiminr.te.l  by  twili^'ht. 

Sept.  07^  8  A.  M.    lie  foriiieil  aronml  tlie  vessel  nearly  an  iueli  thick. 

Sept.  '2,x,  111  A.  .M.    Ice  lieu'an  driftini.'  out  of  the  liaibor  ;  .S  P.  M.    l-'iiy  bank  near  West  horizon. 

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.     Aurora  (seo  macnotic  paper). 

Jauuary  10, 

S  P.  M.     Heavy  uiist  liangiiig  over  tlio  too. 

January  il. 

Heavy  mist  over  the  iie.     Auroral  ilisplay  (see  magnetic  record).                            | 

January  2.1. 

At  noon  read  without  au  artiliiial  li^lit. 

January  2S, 

2  1'.  M.     Heavy  nii.st  liank  on  S.  W.  liori/.on. 

January  li", 

noon  to  2  I'.  M.      Heavy  mist  in  H.  W. 

i^* 


A  N  I»    M  I  Sri:  I.  [,  A  N  Kors    NOTI'S, 


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I'Vliniary  I'.l.     Mcuk  niooii  obsi-rvnil  at  4  A.  M. ,  niii'  iniagp  on  I'itlii'r  M<\v  of  tlip  nioou  nl.ont  2i'    .listriiit. 

I'Vljru.-iry  2'>,  2  1'.  M.     fiun  .•^liiiuiii;  on  ilfck. 


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12 

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14 

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17 

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11 

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III  (■ 


Ili.iir  21st 


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ill  :iiiti, 


.Aiiril  1^.     At  ii'H)M  snow  nii'lliuc  un  ^i■l.■  of  fliip. 


15 1:  CO  III)  OK  tin:  w  i:.\  tiikii 


I'x'i'onl  of  tlie  wi'nthor  diiriii!;  Mav,  isiil. 


Hour 

l«t 

2 

b 

4 

fi 

S 

111 

Noun 

2 

4 

s 

-i 
b 


4 

& 

h 

0 

s 

41 

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(1 

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II 

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II 

II 

11 

0 

11 

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H'th 
h 


11(111 1' 

2 
4 

<; 

10 

Nipiiii 

2 

4 

<; 

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10 
12 


11th 
b 


12 
b 


13 
6 


14 


m 


10 
6 


18 

6 


111 


2Mth 


Ildiir 


21rtt 


•2 

b 

4 

If 

li 

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10 

11 

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2 

0 

4 

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tl 

s 

10 

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12 

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22 

o 

11 

b 

r 

b 


23 


24 


25 
h 


2li 


27       I      28 


3(1 

b 


3Ist 
b.i 


c  s 

V   K   (] 


s  7 


May  12.     Wator  riinniiifi  ilown  tlm  liills. 

May  lt>,  4  ami  i!  P.  M.     Thick  iiiiit  iivcr  thi'  hills  and  over  the  iop. 

May  17,  >•  A.  M.  to  2  1'.  M.,  ami  18,  4  1'.  M.  t.i  irii.hiight.     Mist  hank  in  S.  W 


it 


IL.iir 

1st 

-> 

t 

/, 

s 
III 

NciOll 

•■ 

•\  ""■I'    M  l.-(i;i   I    \  \  Kois    N.rri;; 
■       't  4  t.  ti 


I, 


7 

s 

\\ 

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II 

/, 

1, 

1. 

1, 

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10 


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,      7" 


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lilst 

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b 

8 

III 
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„ 

1 

•  1 

0 


b 


2S 


111 


s 

III 

12 


r  <i      !      ;•  7 


b 


lii'il. 


.Tnni>  'J*.     Amount  of  rain  and  snow  in  .l-^  Imnrs  w:is  fonn^l  to  In-  n.-ll  of  an  in.li 

.luno  ;ju.     Amount  of  lain  ,ui.l  snoiv  fallfu  in  lIJ  hours  was  f.iun.l  to  Iju   ii.i;r)  of  an  inoli. 


'.;i       January,  lauU. 


338 


i;  IOC  OKI)  o  I'  Til  i:  w  k  atiik  u 


lluiir 


lit 


III 

J 

!■ 

H 

III 

N  (II  111 

i; 

s 

III 

II  ,s        I 


III I'll  III'  llii'  Wfutiii'r  during'  .Inly,  l^ill 

:i        ;        4        '        f.  « 

I, 


I 


lluiir 
■> 
1 

(i 

S 

III 

N I II  111 
2 

1 

II 

s 
III 
12 


lltli      I        12 

h        j         // 


i;t 


14 

h 


7 

8 

p 

h 

h 

c 

II 
II 

II 

II 

r 
h 

ti 

It 

r 

II 

11 

ti 

o 
II 

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111 
f 


17 


IS 


III 

f 
r 


lli.iir 

21nt 

22 

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2 

r 

/ 

4 

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h 

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II 

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11 

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II 

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10 

f> 

II 

1-2 

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,«{ 

24 
c 


2:1 


2(1 


28 


2U 


311 


Hist 


/ 


Will  IT. 


:i2o.4  i  ;i5o.l  '  3;i°.8  !  ;!5°.l    ;!rA7 


July  14.  10  A.  M.  I'liinooreil  ship  and  imllcil  out  of  Port  Kmilke.  7  P.  M.  Made  f.iril  to  an  iceberg  one  niili' 
south  iif  Port  Foulke. 

.luly  15.  Hot  uuiier  w,\v  at  1''  :!!'"■  P.  M.  ;  niaih'  the  open  water  at  2''  2ri"i ;  stood  towards  Cnpe  Isabella  ;  a 
tliiik  t'oL.'  I'oiuin!;  on,  niomed  in  M  fatlioiii'*  water  in  channel  between  Miliary  ami  hittleton  Islands. 

.luly  27,  llij  .\.  M.  (lot  under  way  and  stood  towards  the  west  coast ;  observed  latitude  IS  22'  N.  aiuoui;  the 
Hoc  ice  oir  Cape  Isabella.     At  .''i^  P.  M.  (Dreeii.  time),  in  a  line  with  Capes  Ingersoll  and  Inglelleld. 

.Iiily  2)-,  :i  .\..M.  Made  fast  to  an  icebcrL'.  il  A.  M.  lleadini.' for  lirst  point  soulli  of  Cape  Isabella.  10  A.M. 
Let  L'o  anchor,  half  a  mile  from  shore,  in  a  larire  bay  ten  miles  south  of  Cape  Isabella,  in  9  fathoms  water.  New 
ice  on  surface  of  water, 

.Inly  2'.i.  1  P.  M.  I'p  anchor  and  imllcd  throui!h  ice  to  the  southward.  At  3).  becalined  ;  fastened  to  an  iceberLr 
oirijale  Point.  H  P.  M.  Cast  oil' and  coinniciiced  warpim,'  frmu  Hoc  to  Hoe.  10  P.  M.  Many  narwhals  and  seal^ 
in  the  viciniU'of  the  schooner.     At  niidiiiubt  opposite  Paget  Point  met  heavy  pack  ice  ;  kept  alom?  the  marL'in  of  il. 

.luly  :iO,  11  A.  M.  Mattie  Island  bears  \V.  by  .S. ;  Cape  Faraday  N.  W.  by  \V.  ;  dale!  Point  N.  by  K.  7  P.  M. 
Shut  in  with  a  thick  foi; ;  tacked  sliiji.  he.ad  to  S.  \V.  11  P.  .M.  I'ell  in  with  the  pack  strotching  K.  and  W.  ; 
wore  ship  to  S.  \i, 

.luly  :ll.     Wore  ship  to  N.  at  lo  A.  M.,  N'orthuiMlicrlaud  Island  bears  S.  E. 


-\  \  1 1  \i  1  s  ( ■  I : 


A  N  I :  n 


N  i'Ti:s 


•.•■:• 


I 

All, 

ii-i  1,  1- 

.1. 



III   .,-,  _ 

^'..     1,    1    \    M. 

II. Mir 

k''::u.'.  "-  ^^1!;. 

T.|„|.    W,.,i. 
:iir.      tli.T. 

Wiii.l 
II.  .iiM  V. 

"-  '  u!:;. 

T..,i.|. 
ait. 

\V,.i 

lli.-r. 

'  .i|..-,-„l N.  ;  |..., 

I  aj,,.  |.,',1„.||,%  \  VV. 

II  .\.  M.      .Mill..'   !-. 

2 

1 

K.  S.  IO,    :;:i"',;ii)    m" 
"              >ii     i.'i 

ksj:.-j      ,s:,    (,;.-, 

>;illil 

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<'.i|..'  rara.lav ■^.\\. 
'    N  .  la)...  I>aivlla 

:;i,-i      r 

W    1 

^."i    .'.1 

N.  Iv  l:..C..I,iirL  U 

io 

I'.'.  S.  K.-j 

i;.s  i;.i 

.'.III    :i> 

,|ill      H 

:il        /, 

.iMi    ,-,:; 

ti; 

l.iii.l  \V.  S.  W.,l,itli 
linl   ..ii  ,..-|,(    ,,,|,,i 

Nnun 

S.  1 

s",         I'l 

i:: 

" 

N.  !■:.  i.v  i:. 

.) 

N.  N.  Iv  1    .lii.iiii    .'ill 

o.t       " 

w  .><  W  J 

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l' 

Aiii;.    i.   'J   .\.  M. 
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;;i; 

W  S  W   1 

lis     I.'i 

i-li..ii. :  i.'iui 1  ,,1 

(i 

t'llllU                .Ma      ."il 

II 

IH.M.     At^r.M. 

S 

.'.I.-.     ,M 

i."i 

\  \  1" 

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10 

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liivl  l-hiiiil  li...ii.s. 

1-2 

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iiiiai:.  ')•      4  1'.  .\l,, 

ciilin            .s,'i     j;, 

:iT..i 

s.  !•:.  1 

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;!l' 

" 

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iiiiilri.rl.iii.l      M.iii.l 

. 

'lV'iii|). 

wuti'f,  ;j,'):,(i 

T.Miii..  W,..i. 
iiir.      tli,.r. 

V.  W.  •.U\'\-2 

f-.  l.y  W.  (Ilia.;.). 

llnlir 

Aiii!ust  3 

1 

Willi 
11.  :tiA  V. 

AiiL'iHl  4. 

liar.        •\"' 
til.  r. 

II,.  I. 

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\l.. 

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air. 

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4 

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4t 

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S.  S.  K.  ,       .ss 

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11 

.(III    .'ill 

.'il 

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11 

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10 

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4:; 

1. 

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4ii.r)     " 

11 

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40 

1. 

T.  \V.  ;iiP.L'. 

T.  W.  lis  .0 



August  S. 

An..u-t  '!. 

Wlii.l 

i):ir         •^"' 

T..|i,|..  WVa- 

Wiii.l 

I'lr         ■^"• 

T..M1|.. 

W.vl 

2 

D.  au.l  1'". 
X.  W.  2 

llifi-. 
2'.i.',is     .Ml 

.■lir.      Ih.'i'. 

I),  aii.l  !■'. 
calm 

'••"^-           tl,.T. 

■_"l.llll     ."l.'l 

.■lir. 
II 

lli-r. 

■t 

i; 

X.  W.  1 

11 

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■j  1             " 
4."i 

X. 

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nil    ,'i:; 

.1.1 

^^ 

8 

n 

2'.i.'.ii;    ."i-j 

4T 

11 

ini 

;is 

10 

11 

oil. (Ill     .Ml 

i:> 

•1 

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.■|s.,"i 

Xiiiiii 

11 

i".i.:m;    4s 

4  1 

11 

.117    411 

IT 

0 

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calm 

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4s 

.. 

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is 

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lis      ;"ill 

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.iii;    .Ml 

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4i; 

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0. 

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T.  ^y.  3T'.2. 

— 

1 

Rt'iii.Trks  note 

1  at  .Mi.l  i.f 

iiinntli's  n-i  nr-l. 

•Jdo 


I!  i:('(»  I!  !•  OF  Till:  w  i:  a  t  ii  i:  i: 


Aiik'U-t  7. 

AllL'll-l    -. 

Hour 

Win.l           „             .\lt. 
I>.  iinill'.                     iImt. 

air. 

W.'.i- 

lIliT. 

Win.l            „,,,          All. 
II.  itn.l  K.                      th.r. 

T.,ii|.. 
air. 

W..;l 

th.l. 

I 

■   •  •       .      •  •      1     •  • 

■     ■■ 

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.'.17     ."i(i 

:i'.i 
;;'.i.."i 

1, 

.\n.-.  s.  (lilt  iin.li'i 
way  at  In  .\.  .M. 
Al  tiiioii  ■^iiutli  )>i>iiit 

-  .  - 

(i 

... 

c'.'lllH                 .'.IS  1   ."iS 

12 

" 

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s 

ciilin        -Jii'ML'    .M 

17  .: 

/, 

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" 

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10 

...            .  . 

:;d.(iii    .■i."i 

1:; 

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NiMlll 

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II  :. 

// 

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1:1 

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l.iiiiitiir.Ni.lliUl.i.ai-r. 

•) 

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II 

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1 

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.\..\.\V,  1    illi.d:'     .",7 

i-2 

n; 

II 

('a|.i.|'an-y  lii..'ir-i|iir 
1-'..  (Mill')  ili^t;tni  i. 
1  mill' ;  at  \\   IW/.- 

s 

imIiiI             .!i|     :<i\ 

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n'l 

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ij 

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r 

.(Id    ."),"i 

Us 

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r.   ,M.     Ciiniiiiaiiili'i' 

Wi'i.t  anliorc. 



T.  \\.  :;T'.'.i. 

— 

T.  W.  ;;7  .!>. 

AiiL-u-t  111. 



— 

iAiigiist  ;i. 

lldur 

Wn.l             ,                Alt. 

T ]. 

W.M. 

Win.l            ,,              Atl. 
|1.  .111.1  1'.         '  ■■"■         111.  r. 

T.'in,.. 

W.'M 

I'ti  r. 

111!  r. 

jtii. 

111.... 

.) 

Ciilm           J'.i.'.ill      .",."i 

Il'.l 

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K.  ■•;.  i;.  1    ;;'.i.sd    :,\ 

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1 

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T.  W    :i',i°.U. 

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I.iiri;-.  liv  ciii'. 

71;    I-. 

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Viirii,  I'dC.    W       T. 

W   :;- 

1 

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Ani.-ii.-t   1-. 





lliiiir 

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11.  :uvi  V.        ""■       tlirr. 

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N.N.i:.  1       .711    rid.;. 

:;(; 

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till-  Miiilli  ;    viitii...! 

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■  i7.;'i 

1. 

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1                   --      -.1 

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i; 

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111 


I'l  HI,  I  sM  i;  ii  i;  V    r  II  i:  .-  m  i  i  ii  .-nsi  a  n   i  n  - 1  i  i  i  iion, 
WASH  I  MiriiN  ,   |i.   r. 


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